Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2009-09-03"

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Isolamento, identificação fenogenotípica e potencial bioativo de microrganismos endofíticos intrinsecamente associados à Miconia albicans no Cerrado de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-03)
Piza, Ana Candida Martins Toledo
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1085967558061540
Endophytic microorganisms lives in symbiotic association with plants and in one unique biological niche, and they are potential producers of natural bioactive substances with different chemical structure and biological activity. This study aimed to isolate and characterize endophytic microorganisms from Miconia albicans from Cerrado of São Carlos - SP. Samples were characterized phenotypically from typical features of colony morphology and macroscopic measurements, physiological, biochemical and morphodyeing and genotypically by 16S rRNA analysis. We evaluated the antagonistic potential of the isolates against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Serratia marcensis IAL 1475, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Shigella sonnei ATCC 10231 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Two samples (1 and 3) showed bioactivity against E. faecalis, with inhibition halos of 1.30 and 1.90 cm in diameter, respectively. A single sample (2) showed activity against S. marcensis (3.60 cm) with no significant bioactivity against the other microorganisms tested. In one sample (4) showed activity against four of the six microorganisms tested: E. faecalis (3,15 cm) , S. aureus (3,50 cm), C. albicans (3,35 cm) e S. sonnei (3,20 cm). In another sample (6) was detected bioactivity against E. faecalis and S. aureus, with inhibition zones of 1.80 and 1.50 cm, respectively. One of the samples (8) showed bioactivity against the greatest number of indicator microorganisms with inhibitory halos of 2.60 cm against E. faecalis, 1.50 cm against S. aureus, 2.40 cm against C. albicans, 2.10 cm against E. coli and 2.50 cm against S. sonnei. In two samples (5 and 7) there was no evidence the bioactive ability against indicator microorganisms tested. Phenotypic analysis of 8 endophytic microorganisms isolated allowed us to classify 50% of these (samples 4, 6, 7 and 8) in the Actinomyces group and the others were classified in the genus Streptomyces (samples 1, 2, 3 and 5). In the genotypic analysis of two isolates with bioactivity were identified as Nocardiopsis Dassonville (sample 3) and Amycolatopsis orientalis (sample 8), reporting for the first time his association with endophytic aerial parts of Miconia albicans from Cerrado of São Carlos, SP.
Eletrólitos mono e multicamadas de céria e zircônia preparados por colagem de fita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-03)
Dias, Thiago
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Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7694579973622141
In this work it was investigated bi-layer electrolytes prepared by the tape casting technique. These electrolytes were composed of one layer of 10 mol% gadolinia doped ceria (CDG) and another one of 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (ZEI -8). CDG tapes were prepared with powder from Fuel Cell Materials (FCM) and powder obtained by oxide mixing. ZEI-8 tapes were prepared with powder from Tosoh Corporation. In the first step, CDG and ZEI-8 tapes were prepared and dense plates were obtained after sintering. Sintered plates were characterized by impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). At 350°C, the highest electrical conductivity of CDG samples prepared with powder obtained by oxide mixing and sintered at 1600 °C was 3.37 x10-4 S.cm-1 and with FCM powder sintered at 1500 °C was 4.33 x10-4 S.cm-1. At the same temperature, ZEI-8 samples sintered at 1600 °C showed 9.6 x10-5 S.cm-1, which agrees with literature results. CDG/ZEI-8 bilayers plates were prepared either by lamination or by double tape casting, followed by sintering at 1600 °C/2 h. Sintered bi-layers prepared by double tape casting were characterized by impedance spectroscopy. Electrical conductivity at 350 °C was 8.82 x10-5 S.cm-1, three times lower than CDG mono layer (3.37 x10-4 S.cm-1) due to high resistivity of CGD/ZEI-8 interface. The bi-layers SEM analysis showed that layers thickness of CDG and ZEI-8, were 140 μm and 24 μm respectively. The adherence between CDG and ZEI-8 layers was attributed to secondary phase in the interface which was responsible for high resistivity of the CGD/ZEI-8 interface.
Estudo de nanopartículas para preparação de compósitos com acoplamento magnetoelétrico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-03)
Clabel Huamán, José Luis
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Cardoso, Claudio Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0332061570052918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9597258423214892
In recent years the necessity of new devices, in the electroelectronic industry, has lead to an increasing interest in materials called magnetoelectric (ME) or multiferroic (MF). Multiferroic is the term used to classify the materials that exhibit magnetic and electric orders simultaneously. In this sense, the idea of producing materials and smart devices have attracted the attention of many researchers from different fields of knowledge. From the technological point of view, the simultaneous mutual control of electrical and magnetic properties generates new possibilities of applications. However the number of candidate for these applications materials is limited and the effects are typically very small and in some cases observed in the low temperature. Therefore, the search for room temperature multiferroic materials is very import for technological application of these materials as well as from the academic stand point. This work aimed the preparation of new multiferroic materials suitable for technological application. We performed a systematic study on the preparation of composites. Both compounds were synthesized using Pechini method, further, they were characterized by dilatometry, densification, X-ray diffraction, electronic microscopy, magnetization and resistivity measurements. We found the best results for the manganite prepared from solution with pH=0 and then calcinated at 900 for 6 hours. After that, the powder were sinterized at 1000 for 2 hours. For bfor 2 hours.
Estudo das interações fitoplâncton-protozooplâncton no reservatório de Barra Bonita, SP, com ênfase na toxicidade de microcistinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-03)
Araujo, Laryssa Melo Rosa
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Seleghim, Mirna Helena Regali
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998337634888263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0049999109915867
The increasing eutrophication of aquatic environments, resulting from the human activities, is related to cyanobacterial blooms that are described, all over the world, as the agents causing toxicity and death in humans, domestic and wild animals. Recently, studies are being conducted aiming to prove the possibility of the biotransference of the cyanobacterial toxins to the trophic web and their associated effects. Protozoans are very important organisms to the aquatic food web and can be useful as indicators in water quality assessment. The present study evaluated, during cyanobacteria bloom events in Barra Bonita reservoir (SP), the intra and extracellular cyanotoxin levels (microcystin LR) and also phyto and protozooplanktonic populations. Besides, it was also evaluated, in laboratory experiments, the effects of the cyanotoxins obtained from cultures of Microcystis and from material collected in Barra Bonita reservoir on the protozoan Paramecium caudatum. Due to the eutrophication degree of the studied reservoir, the cianobacteria, specially Microcystis (M. aeruginosa, M. protocystis and M. panniformes) and Pseudanabaena mucicola, were the dominant phytoplanktonic organisms. In this work it was registered only the concentrations of microcystin LR. The concentrations of this toxin were median among those found for other Brazilian aquatic environments where it was detected more than one cyanotoxin variant. Halteria grandinella and Vorticela aquadulcis were the dominant protozoans in the environment during the cyanobanterial bloom events. The protozooplanktonic densities and species composition were lower than those found in the literature for environments with the same trophic status, indicating that the protozoan seem to be negatively affected by the cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins (microcystins) detected in the samples. Samples from Microcystis cultures and from the reservoir demonstrated to be toxic to P. caudatum, although they were more tolerant to the semi purified extracts from cultures than to the environmental samples.
O problema da fundamentação moral: uma investigação das teorias de Jürgen Habermas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-04)
Persch, Danilo
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Maar, Wolfgang Leo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7603399225528544
The goal of this thesis is to study the Jürgen Habermas theories, focussing on the communicative action and the ethics of discourse. The thematic of the communicative action deals with a linguistic tour , in other words, Habermas starts to analyze the society not from a productive paradigm, known as a philosophical-historical inheritance which comes from Marx, but from an intersubjective communication paradigm. This new conception of society also requests a re-orientation under the perspective of how should be grounded the values and moral standard rules. In this sense, Habermas build together with Karl-Otto Apel the ethics of discourse, which transcribes the assumptions of the pragmatic language needed to a rational justification of standard rules from agreements or consensus. The procedure in the search for consensus is made through speeches (dialogues), which depend on a number of conditions, such as: equal rights of participation, absence of internal and external coercion, mutual recognition of all those affected by the effects of a rule, etc. With such a point of view, Habermas intends to seek to ensure the universality of the moral principle, as well as solve the problem of ethnocentrism, which caracterize the major part of the contemporary culture. In a globalized society in the technical levels, economic and social as the actual, but marked by a serious problems which affects the environment and stimulate the exploitation of labor and corruption, etc. the ethics of discourse presents itself as an attempt at moral reasoning very promising.
Desenvolvimento de um pipeline para análise genômica e transcriptômica com base em Web services
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-04)
Melo, Henrique Velloso Ferreira
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Silva, Flávio Henrique da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8672694921739001
Pipeline systems for genomic and transcriptomic analysis aim to create communication bridges among the existing analysis tools, therefore reducing researchers efforts. Most of the pipelines found in the literature lack important features which would be useful to the development of genome or transcriptome sequencing projects. Among them, the capacity of tracking the project results along its development, including the generation of partial reports; the presence of a collaborative environment where the involved laboratories can contribute with new data and chromatograms; the possibility to configure analysis parameters; multiple pipeline support and the possibility to include new tools and modules. In this work, a pipeline prototype was developed to overcome these shortcomings. Sequencing projects progresses are tracked along all over their developments. Chromatograms are progressively received along the development of the project and partial reports over newly received data are generated. The communication with the processing server is done via Web service, which offers a universal language interface, allowing client applications in heterogeneous platforms to submit data and execute operations and queries. Pipelines are configured in XML documents written in a predefined format, through which the researchers choose the tools and parameters to be used. The prototype offers support to multiple pipelines executed simultaneously in the same project. Pipelines are executed in parallel by the means of thread pools, what increases efficiency by distributing the workload in multiprocessed systems. Another feature of the prototype is the extensibility as each pipeline step is wrapped in a module. New modules can be easily inserted in the system through the implementation of a programming interface, therefore without the needing of recompilation. Module insertions are done in a declarative way through XML documents. A client application was also developed in the collaborative platform Sakai, allowing different research groups involved in a sequencing project to create pipelines, view results and exchange information on the project current status. To evaluate the efficiency of the prototype, a case study was carried out. Sequences generated from sequencing of Sphenophorus levis transcriptome were submitted and a pipeline was configured to analyze the data. The case study has pointed out that the prototype is efficient and produces good results.
Estratégias para a determinação de minoxidil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-04)
Sousa, Rogério Adelino de
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Cavalheiro, Éder Tadeu Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4745280891704797
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0037305904937204
In this work methods for determining minoxidil (MX) in commercial samples and electrolytes of synthetic plasma and urine are presented. The minoxidil is a pharmaceutical whose blood vessel dilation property is used in the treatment of the Arterial Hypertension and in the treatment of the Alopécia Areata. Three commercial samples were analyzed, the Regaine® (Pharmacia, USA) and the magistral formulation (Porto Bianco, Brazil) both are topical use solutions, in a mixture of ethanol and propilenoglicol as vehicle, containing 2 % (20 mg mL-1) and 5 % of minoxidil (50 mg mL-1) respectively, and Loniten® (Rhodia, Brasil) containing 10 mg of MX per tablet. Three proposals for the determination of minoxidil in commercial samples and electrolytes of synthetic plasma and urine were considered. The first procedure was the determination of MX in the samples using flow injection analysis with spectrophotometric detection in two setups. For the setup procedure using single line with a wavelength of 400 nm, which can quantify the MX present in samples, showing recovery values of 99.7 and 104.8 % for Loniten® and the Regaine® respectively, and 102.5 % for the magistral sample. In merging-zones setup, the detection was in 345 nm, the MX was determined in the samples with recovery 101.3 % for Loniten® and 99.8 % to Regaine® and 103.7 % for the magistral. For both configurations, all the results from flow agree with the labeled values and the results from the chromatographic method (comparative method) in 95 % confidence (t-Student test). In the second procedure, an electroanalytical determination of MX is described using two composite electrodes, the graphite-polyurethane (GPUE) and graphite-silicone rubber (GSRE). Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electroactive area of electrodes (GPUE = 0.093 cm2; GSRE = 0.089 cm2), the diffusion coefficient of MX (in order of 8.0 x10-6 cm2 s-1) and to study the mechanism of electro-oxidation of MX of which involves one electron per proton. With the support of analytical curves were determined the levels of MX in the samples by different voltammetric techniques; cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The recovery values are in the range between 96.0 and 110 %, depending on the sample and the voltammetric technique. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the mass transport is controlled by diffusion and also there is a weak and reversible adsorption that for both the electrodes. The third method describes the determination of MX and furosemide (FR) using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with spectrophotometric detection. The wavelengths of 275 and 285 nm were for the detection of FR and MX respectively. The mobile phase used was methanol/triethylamine (99:1, V/V) in the flow rate of 0.5 mL min-1. The column used was a C18 Supelco®. The recoveries were 97.7 and 102.4 % for Loniten® and Lasix® respectively. Finally is presented the characterization of the product of oxidation of MX. The informations obtained from infrared spectroscopy technique, were compared with results obtained by nuclear proton magnetic resonance. Two structures were proposed as product of redox reaction between the MX and KMnO4, the desoximinoxidil and another new structure.
Estudo microgravimétrico da formação de filmes de prata eletrodepositados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-04)
Matos, Roberto de
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7731828737626124
In this thesis, a voltammetric coupled to microgravimetry investigation about the electrodeposition of silver over polycrystalline platinum in acid medium was performed. Microgravimetry is helpful to understand the effect of different preparation variables, such as, pH, temperature, ion concentration and applied potential. This, in its turn, is a consequence of the fact that the composition in not the only important characteristic of electrodeposited metal which depends on the preparation process. We choose to study silver deposition once it is, in principle, a simple one electron process. The obtained data reveal a much more complex with several cathodic and anodic processes. First, the UPD silver deposition occurs, then the bulk and also the hydrogen evolution during the cathodic sweep. During the anodic voltammetric sweep, two current density peak were observed with molar mass equal to Ag dissolution, and then we conclude that a hydrogen rich phase or an alloy Pt-Ag were formed during the process. For one of solution investigated, a third anodic process was observed which could be associated to silver oxide formation and dissolution.
Estudo da corrosão do aço ao carbono em meio de sulfeto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-08)
Zimer, Alexsandro Mendes
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Mascaro, Lucia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0191836345044086
This work presents a study of the 1020 and 1040 carbon steel corrosion in aqueous solution containing dissolved H2S in order to investigate the effect of H2Saq and HSaq species. Some different electrolytes were used: acetic acid buffer and phosphate buffer in presence or absence of 3.5 wt% NaCl solution containing 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm of Na2S. The corrosion steel was described by means electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potential polarization curves (PC), open circuit potential (Eoc) and in situ optical microscopy. Other experiments were carried out seeking to understand the steel corrosion process in sulfide solution. Thus, the influence of the 4 factors together (sulfide species, concentration, presence of chloride and steel type) was assessed by the interpretation of interactions and main effects in an experiments using factorial design. The characterization of the films was performed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in situ and ex situ techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The EIS measurements showed two distinct regions, high and low frequencies and the data analysis as a combination of diffusion and charge transference resistance, capacitances and constant phase elements (CPE). This parameters allow studying the corrosion of iron in presence of different sulfide species. The influence of total H2S concentration as well as the effect of immersion time on the corrosion was investigated too. In presence of the H2S the Rct values increase initially with immersion time but then decrease gradually. We concluded that there is formation of a protective film that reaches its maximum thickness after 3 h, and this layer is later dissolved to grow back again until reaching an equilibrium value at immersion time over 10 h. If the sulfide films has many porous, the capacitance presents high values to the corrosion process. In this case the number of defects of the sulfide films is proportional to increasing of corrosion. For the factorial design it was concluded that the species of sulfide is the most relevant factor for the corrosion process, followed by concentration and the presence of chloride in the solution. In the presence of H2S happens to active dissolution of iron and in the presence of HS- can occur the formation of a protective film. By images of in situ optical microscopy, carried out during the electrochemical measurements, one can observe the dissolution of ferrite in the pearlitic region and a formation of iron sulfide films with different colors. Morphological analysis and classification of surface corrosion damage, carried out by digital processing of images, show that happens grain-boundaries corrosion, pitting corrosion and formation of sulfide film initially over pearlitic grains.
Condutividade elétrica da solução sólida céria-zircônia dopada com ítrio e gadolínio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-10)
Antunes, Fábio Coutinho
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Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9066668470271550
Rare earth doped ceria has a great potential to be used as electrolyte in temperatures around 800 °C in fuel cells due to its higher electrical conductivity than YSZ. However, the reduction of Ce+4 to Ce+3 in low oxygen partial pressure has introduced limitations for using doped ceria electrolyte due to electronic conduction. Among the several ceria solid solutions, CeO2-ZrO2-Y2O3 attracts attention because its stability at temperatures around 800 °C and oxygen partial pressures up 10-18 atm. On the other hand, ceria solid solutions are very sensitive to the purity of the raw material. For these reason, it is common to find secondary phase along the grain boundary blocking the electrical conduction. For these electrolytes, impurities control the grain boundary conductivity. In this work, powders (Ce0,9-xYx)Zr0,1 and (Ce0,9-xGdx)Zr0,1 with 0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.24 were prepared by oxides mixing. The effect of successive calcinations and the addition La2O3 was evaluated. Samples obtained by isostatic pressing, were sintered between 1450 and 1600 ° C with two hours of soaking time. Sintered samples were characterized by density measurements, X rays diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and impedance spectroscopy. Among all samples, those doped with 12 mol% of co-dopant aliovalente (Y2O3 ou Gd2O3) showed similar electrical behavior. For these samples it was observed a large increase of grain boundary electrical conductivity for calcined compositions and doped with La2O3 resulting a total electrical conductivity of 4,4x10-4 S.cm-1 at 450 °C in the same order of magnitude of electrolytes Z8Y prepared for this work. Compositions containing Y+3 and La2O3 showed higher electrolytic domain compared to the other investigated compositions.
Avaliação do grau de gelificação de formulações de PVC rígido utilizando o método de ultrassom
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-10)
Finocchio, Henrique
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Hage Júnior, Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4221003986826298
The determination of the gelation degree is an important tool for predicting the properties of final products made of rigid PVC compounds. Thus, it is evident the need of a quick and effective test method that can be applied during the manufacturing process of products for quality control. In order to attend this need the ultrasound method has been applied in this work. Four rigid PVC compounds have been prepared and tested in a torque rheometer with different temperatures and times. The samples obtained, presenting different gelation degrees, have been then compression molded to obtain cubic specimens. To quantify their gelation degree the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique has been applied. These specimens have been also submitted to an ultrasound testing to get their elastic constants, including the elastic modulus (E). The values of elastic modulus obtained by ultrasound have been correlated with the gelation degree obtained by DSC. In conclusion, specimens with higher gelation degrees, in general, showed higher modulus of elasticity. Therefore, it is believed that the ultrasound method may be a promising technique for evaluating PVC compounds degree of gelation and to determine their stiffness properties.
Tecendo a política. Itinerários de participação política de mulheres em movimentos sociais contemporâneos na Argentina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-10)
Bogado, Adriana Marcela
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Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7628617298030269
This thesis is dedicated to the study of women‟s political participation in contemporary social movements in Argentina, by the means of the reconstruction of their course of life, from the perspective of their experiences and memories. In a context of crisis, as consequence of the neoliberal model implemented, the social movements present themselves as key areas of political struggle and, at the same time, as spaces of construction of cultural, social, political and economic alternatives. In relation with these organizations, the paths of political participation are developed and/or enhanced, however, we identify a process in which women participation becomes invisible. In this research we analyzed the mentioned participation with the aim to understand the factors and practices that generate exclusion and that which encourages its development, identifying the existence of limits and the different possibilities for women‟s political activities. We also situated the political participation within the theoretical and methodological universe of empowerment and gender relationships, in order to contribute to understand women‟s situation in the current social, political, economic and cultural panorama. The field work was developed with participants and leaders of Movimiento de Mujeres en Lucha (MML), in General Roca (Río Negro) and Rosario (Santa Fe); and with participants and leaders of the first pickets in the rural areas of Argentina and in the state of Buenos Aires, the Corriente Clasista Combativa (CCC, Zona Norte). Using the methodology of Oral History and the Participant Observation we rebuild the course of life of six women, presented in the form of biographical portraits (portraits). Each one of the portraits describes the processes of political engagement, the current involvement and future prospects, pointing out the connections with family, social and professional dimensions. Although feeling "forced" to leave in order to fight, these women have found recognition in the struggle. They also strengthened their networks of sociability, found courage to draw their own process of empowerment and they are still learning about politics in the dialectic of their course of life.
O cinema que nos dá o que pensar em Gilles Deleuze
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-10)
Oliveira, Claudia Silene Pereira de
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9654361092283589
SADP: arquitetura de sites dirigida por personalização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-10)
Blanco, Juliano Zanuzzio
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Prado, Antonio Francisco do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2668568143800755
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7759806751523441
Web sites in different areas are accessed by users with the many purposes. Several strategies have been developed and employed to improve and facilitate website access and navigation. Among these strategies there are those used to grant competitive advantages over concurrent sites, based on services of content personalization. Today, with the growth of computer networks and the emergence of ubiquitous computing, this personalization must take into account that the content of the sites can also be accessed through mobile devices. Motivated by these ideas, in this project it was developed a process in which site architectures are driven by personalization and personalized content is delivered to site users. This process, called SADP (Site Personalization by Driven Architecture), is based not only on navigation history and preferences expressed or detected by the users, but also on context information, device and network types and the site content itself. The SADP uses profiles contain information about user preferences, networks and devices used to site access. The information used to build profiles are obtained through implicit metrics, and treated using a Fuzzy Ontology. A module of Fuzzy Inference over Ontology is used to extend the user preferences. A framework for content adaptation is used to generate a site architecture based on profiles. The differential of the SADP process is that it drives the architecture of site content pages aiming to provide personalized services to the users.
Estudo fitoquímico de Rauia sp e atividades sobre formigas cortadeiras e sobre a lagarta-do-cartucho do milho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-11)
Bondancia, Tatiani Mesquita
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Fernandes, João Batista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691336077459602
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0338726994155402
The control of agriculture plague is relevant to Brazil that has large crop area. The control, by natural product, generally low toxic to humans and to animals and specific to target plague, is recommended. This work presents the phytochemical and insecticide assays carried out with organic extracts of leaves and stems of Rauia sp. Among the tested extracts, the stem extracts were more active on leaf cutter ants (Atta sexdens rubropilosa) and the extracts of leaves were more active against fall armyworm (Spodopera frugiperda). The study of dichloromethane extracts of the stem led to the identification of active substances: sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, clovane-2β,9α-diol, apigenin 6-C-neohesperidosyl-8-Cglucopyranoside, apigenin 6-C-glucopyranosyl-8-C-neohesperidoside, 2 -Orhamnosyl- vitexin, 2 -O-rhamnosyl-isovitexin, vitexin, isovitexin, apigenin 6-C-β- D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-(2 -O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside), apigenin 6-C-(2 -O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-glucopyranosyl)-8-C-β-Dglucopyranoside, vicenin-2, schaftoside, neoschaftoside, isoschaftoside e neoisoschaftoside. The sesquiterpene clovane-2β,9α-diol and glycosides flavonoids were been reported for the first time in the genus Rauia.
Caracterização do módulo elástico por espectroscopia mecânica da liga Ti-13Nb-13Zr
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-11)
Muñoz Chaves, Javier Andres
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Florêncio, Odila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9659972316642270
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1205198307049324
In the present time the titanium and their alloys are begin widely studied in the field of biomaterials because of its suitable mechanical properties such as low elastic modulus, excellent corrosion resistance and high biocompatibility. Recent studies are being focused on alloys free of toxic elements as Al and V, which are contained in the alloy Ti-6Al-4V that is alloy generally used in biomedical implants, since biocompatibility studies revealed adverse effects on body in long-term implants. Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy (TNZ) is one of these new alloys and is part of the present study. Were analyzed two samples of TNZ whit changes in their final processing, begin this labeled by TNZ + WQ (sample heat treatment to 900oC and water quenching) and TNZ + WQ + 400oC/3h (sample TNZ + WQ whit subsequent aging treatment to 400oC for 3hours), in the condition as received. For study the effect of heat treatment on physical properties besides to eliminate the internal stresses in the material, these samples were submitted to additional heat treatment to 900oC/30min. Thus, measures X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of phases a and b of structure hexagonal compact (HCP) and body-centered cubic (BCC) respectively, with a microstructure martensitic, typical of this alloy. The sample TNZ + WQ, on condition as received, phase a presented as only phase, however, after heat treatment (900oC/30min) were observed precipitates of phase b besides changes in the microstructure and density. The sample TNZ + WQ +400oC/3h in the condition as received showed the presence of phases a and b as expected, since after the aging treatment phase b is present in the form of precipitates. After treatment were observed changes in the microstructure, begin obtained a martensitic microstructure better defined. Mechanical spectroscopy measurements were performed using: decay free elastometer (flexural mode) and inverted torsion pendulum type Kê (torsional mode), and the spectra of anelastic relaxation not revealed the presence of relaxation mechanisms due to interstitial or substitutional solute atoms. This behavior was attributed to the presence of zirconium in the alloy which affects the distribution of interstitial solutes in solid solution and decreases the Zr-O pairs, processes of relaxation are obtained only when the stoichiometric rate of oxygen is saturated. About elastic modulus of the samples, was showed that heat treatment to reduce internal stress resulted in an increase in elastic modulus of the samples which was attributable to the presence of phase b
Movimentos sociais, reforma agrária e escolaridade: o caso dos alunos do projeto Ceta na Bahia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-14)
Daltro, Renato Ribeiro
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Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0602637561799016
This study analyzes the educational trajectory of six students which are matriculated in the Professional Secondary Grade School and in the University Course offered by National Program of Agrarian Reform (Pronera), associated with the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Assentados, Acampados e Quilombolas (Ceta) and the University of State of Bahia (Uneb). The purpose of this research was to identify what dispositions were assimilated by the students and, consequently, to analyze the relations among their attitude and the earned knowledge and their compromise with Ceta of returning to the camps. The analysis of scholar trajectory is founded on interviews with the students matriculated in the courses of Sustainable Agriculture and Land Pedagogy. The interviews were distributed in groups according to social and economic reality of the students families and then analyzed. In the first moment it was obtained information about the Agrarian Reform on Brazil and the identification of Ceta s Movement on the Regional do Médio São Francisco, where the interviewed students live. The research describes this student s scholar trajectory from the beginning of education process, when they were taught to read and write, to the end of Middle School and the University Study and their expectation about the future. This research is based on the studies of Pierre Bourdieu and his coworkers, who explained the mechanism of strategies of social and cultural reproduction in some social structures, where groups or social classes fight against each other for cultural capital in order to grant reproduction and survival for their progeny or social group. Other studies in the same direction affirm that in situations where the economic conditions are unfavorable to education process, other aspects, mainly the non-scholar aspects, can be identified as successful if it is considered the social environment, the familiar mobilization and the kind of social and scholar trajectory, among other factors. Consequently it was examined this students trajectory, based on their testimonials, analyzing their families cultural capital, social capital and economic capital, their cultivated habitus in the inner of families, their relationship with the Ceta s Movement, the restructuring of their practices and cultural patrimony along the course. The main purpose of this study could be summarized as describing the scholar trajectory of six students, who were raised on popular sectors of open country, who are living a reality replete of subjective expectations of scholar success, in spite of objective possibilities of interruptions and of been repentant in school. Besides, there is a conflict in the inner of mobilization of social movements, where it is fought for ascending or descending positions on the exigency and collective efforts to the access to resources of Agrarian Reform, especially from National Program of Agrarian Reform (Pronera), for a gratuitous and great quality public open country education.
Desempenho de um precipitador eletrostático operando na remoção de nanopartículas de aerossóis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-16)
Meira, Camila Roberta de
;
Coury, José Renato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2006424209258303
The removal of ultrafine particles is becoming an increasingly important operation due to the occupational problems caused to the environment and to the human health, such as inhalation of particulate matter, as well as by its applications in industrial processes. Among the equipments commonly employed for the removal of particulates from aerosols, the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is the one capable to remove particles in a large size range with high efficiencies and can be used in the recovery of products of high aggregated value. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of operational parameters in the collection efficiency of a plate-wire electrostatic precipitator operating in the removal of nano-sized particles. The experimental system simulated a contamination by polydispersed nanoparticles ranging from 6 to 245 nm in an extra pure air stream. The efficiency for nano-sized particles was obtained by counting of particles before and after the electrostatic precipitator, using an electrical mobility analyzer. This procedure was performed varying the potential is applied to the discharge electrodes. The results shows the ESP presented a high efficiency of removal for nanoparticles of aerosol, where efficiencies larger than 99% were obtained for all velocities studieds (1 to 10 cm/s, with intervals of 1 in 1 cm/s) for electric field from 4 to 5.5 kV/cm. The efficiency increased with the decrease of the diameter particles up to approximately 20 nm, probably due to the higher electrical mobility of smaller particles. For diameters below 20 nm there was a drop in collection efficiency, which may have been caused by the low particles charging. The classical Deutsch-Anderson model didn t adjustment to the experimental data, the theoretical efficiency overestimated the experimental efficiency.
Uma nova abordagem na utilização de ferramentas computacionais no ensino de conteúdos da disciplina estruturas de concreto em cursos de Engenharia Civil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-17)
Faria, Antonio de
;
Carvalho, Roberto Chust
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7589471725933484
This presentation analyzes the two computational tools, GPLAN (Plan Grills) and FTOOL (Two-Dimensional Frame Analysis Tool), and how they can be used in the content of "Concrete Structures" discipline, in Civil Engineering Graduation. The considered study is divided in two topics, being the first, the plan grills consideration (interaction plate/ beam) in the analysis of buildings floors to determine efforts and displacement, in comparison with the traditional teaching that considerate the elements in a isolated form, with the beams study through the theory of plates. The second topic refers to the porch plan consideration (interaction beam / pillar) for the lateral wind action consideration on buildings structures, and its efforts and displacements in order to analyze the instability parameter and the increase coefficient of the vertical actions z, provided by NBR 6118:2003. Thus, this study presents, in a didactic form, how the using of such tools can contribute to a civil engineer graduation regarding concrete structures, indicating through some examples, a variety of details and concepts that can be obtained through these tools. Finally, it is shown also that, to conduct checks according to the recent regulatory requirements, makes essential the use of computational tools, instead of manual methods.
Aspectos interculturais no ensino de espanhol em contato com o português em canções em livros didáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-17)
Schinelo, Lucimeiri Maria
;
Barbosa, Lúcia Maria de Assunção
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5030878430187815
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7207530660219707
Historically, foreign language teaching in Brazil has been connected to linguistic politics that may determine pedagogical practices and teaching production. In spite of the existence of PCNS (National curriculum parameters) - which take holistic learning as a value and develop a communicative approach social cultural component, intercultural focuses and linguistic pluralism may occupy accessory (supplementary) position in curriculum gratings and also in foreign language classes throughout the country. We propose, in this research, to observe the way the view of teaching permeated different historical moments and influenced the treatment of cultural questions in activities that involve songs presented in four didactic books Spanish as a foreign language designated by MEC. We consider that such songs are a study source that will contribute to appreciate historical and cultural aspects in Spanish classes. Thus, we highlight the importance of promoting a closer approach to Latin America as a way to recognize us as liable to our own history. We search for theoretical backboard in communicative approach conceptions, culture and intercultural definitions and their implications in language teaching. We believe that contemporary foreign language learning from the texts contextualization and reflection made a new view on culture and language possible. We can verify it by the way that some Latin America historical, cultural and linguistic manifestations appear explicit or implicit on the selected song lyrics. Such a study propitiates a reflection on intercultural theme. It also contributes to the teaching and learning process (Portuguese and Spanish) and created ways to a critic and conscious learner education.