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Desenvolvimento profissional de formadores em exercício: contribuições de um programa online
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-30) Rinaldi, Renata Portela; Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
This research tries to understand the contributions of an online continuous formation Program, aiming at the professional development of formers working with basic education, supported by the theoretic-methodological reference of professional practice epistemology and distance education. Thematics such as teachers formation and distance education were examined, more specifically the online education , for considering the distance education strategy, linked to information and communication technologies (ICT), a way to conceive new opportunities for the professional development, viewing school as the formation process center references were form Shulman, 1986, 1987; Pérez Gómez, 1989; Zeichner, 1993, 2008; Knowles and Cole, 1995; Tardif, 2000, 2002; Prado and Valente, 2002; Almeida, 2003, 2005; Mizukami et al, 2003; Moran, 2003; Vaillant, 2003; Schlemmer, 2005; Vaillant and Marcelo, 2006; Hunt, 2008. The methodology used was based on the constructive collaborative pattern of research-intervention, [Cole and Knowles, 1993; Mizukami et al, 2003] linked to qualitative research theoretical matrix [Bogdan and Bicklen, 1994; Lüdke and André, 1986]. The intervention research was characterized by an online professional development Program, in the digital learning environment of the UFSCar Teachers Portal, with the participation of sixteen formers working with basic education and two researches acting as the Program mediators. The analyses were draw out from the formers reports in varied activities, such as debates occurred throughout the formative processes, private messages (mail) and testimonies that produced the formers reflexive memorial at the end of the Program. The results try to clear up aspects related to the work configuration during time spent in the learning digital situation, indicating different moments by which formers passed by in this professional development process and through the building-up of confidence relation ships, when doubts, anguishes, fears, certitudes and convictions that orientate their practices start to be explicit collectively, offering the opportunity of thinking in and about the practice from a sharing glance, allowing then the no-knowing explicit and the possibility of negotiating and explicit senses to become a former in basic education. Such dynamics happened because of the researchers continuous presence, which helped to approximate formers and to create affective bonds, which assume in the digital context a more complex dimension, related to subjective questions, due to thought expression and communication based on writing. Besides, results showed traces of how the formers knowledge changed during the process, from the concepts they have about their profession and the meaning of being a former, and relationships set up with the school partners, the theoretical discussions about how to teach teachers to teach, the possibilities of keeping on learning despite the adversities of their profession and the function/charge they occupy. Therein, it is possible to understand this researchintervention as an investigation that passes through the formation universe of online education and professional practice, that bring together results that amplify the debate about how elaborate continued formation processes in apprenticeship digital contexts, having the school as its center. In placing the basic education formers as the focus of the study, this research also came across results that enlarge the rare existing reflections about teachers formers, mainly because are being focused the basic education professionals, which also offer outpoints for debates and new researches interested in increasing knowledge in this promising investigative front.
Estudos do crescimento anódico de óxidos e da deposição de apatitas sobre a liga biocompatível Ti-13Nb-13Zr
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-30) Tossato, Laís Tereza Duarte; Biaggio, Sonia Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0418215244233120
Studies on the anodic growth of oxide films passivating the biocompatible alloy Ti-13Nb-13Zr (m/m) and the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) films on these oxides were carried out in this work. The oxides were grown either potentiodynamically up to 8 V (vs. SCE) or by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in phosphate buffer electrolyte of pH 5 at room temperature, in order to obtain both compact thin films and porous thick films, respectively. The bioactive films of HA were formed by electrochemical deposition using catodic current density, in solutions containing salts of Ca and P, and by biomimetic method in solutions simulating physiological fluid. The metal/oxide and metal/oxide/HA electrodes were submitted to stability tests as a function of the immersion time in an electrolyte simulating the physiological medium as the PBS solution. The electrochemical parameters of the anodic oxides, with and without the HA films, were analysed by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at constant time intervals during the immersion in PBS solution. Analyses of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dispersive energy X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray difractometry were also performed for all electrodes for morphological, compositional and structural characterization of the oxide films/HA before and after the immersion time in PBS solution. The results also revealed that the oxides formed by MAO is the more corrosion resistant in a chloride-containing medium, the HA coating obtained by electrodeposition presents higher corrosion resistance when formed on the compact oxide, and the oxide obtained by MAO presents higher corrosion resistance when the apatite coating is obtained by the biomimetic method.
Geração genética de classificador fuzzy intervalar do tipo-2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-30) Pimenta, Adinovam Henriques de Macedo; Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8400272358305102
The objective of this work is to study, expand and evaluate the use of interval type-2 fuzzy sets in the knowledge representation for fuzzy inference systems, specifically for fuzzy classifiers, as well as its automatic generation form data sets, by means of genetic algorithms. This work investigates the use of such sets focussing the issue of balance between the cost addition in representation and the gains in interpretability and accuracy, both deriving from the representation and processing complexity of interval type-2 fuzzy sets. With this intent, an evolutionary model composed of three stages was proposed and implemented. In the first stage the rule base is generated, in the second stage the data base is optimized and finally, the number of rules of the rule base obtained is optimized in the third stage. The model developed was evaluated using several benchmark data sets and the results obtained were compared with two other fuzzy classifiers, being one of them generated by the same model using type-1 fuzzy sets and the other one generated by the Wang&Mendel method. Statistical methods usually applied for comparisons in similar contexts demonstrated a significant improvement in the classification rates of the intervalar type-2 fuzzy set classifier generated by the proposed model, with relation to the other methods.
Contribuições ao estudo da fluidodinâmica e da secagem de pastas em leitos fluidizado e vibrofluidizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-30) Meili, Lucas; Freire, José Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3802018064427795
The aim of this study was to analyze the fluid dynamic of the fluidized and vibrofluidized beds with particles with diameter under 1.00 mm, and also to analyze the fluid dynamic behavior of wet beds and the drying of different liquids and suspensions during the transient drying period. The purpose of these tests is to obtain relevant information about the influence of vibration and also to investigate some issues related to the dimensionless vibration number (Γ), which has been used and understood in a controversial way by the scientific community. The fluid dynamic and drying experiments were conducted in a fluidized/vibrofluidizad column with diameter equal 0.014 m and high 0.50 m. The analysis of fluid dynamic was performed with particles of 463 and 780 μm, under different vibrational conditions. Drying and wet fluid dynamic experiments were carried out with particles of 2.19 mm, with the following liquids and pastes: distilled water, sewage sludge, skim milk and calcium carbonate solutions with solid concentration of 3%, 6% and 9%.. Drying essays were conducted at different paste feed rates and under air velocity equal to1.33 and 1.55 m / s, and temperatures of 80 and 100 ° C. Two vibration conditions yielding a constant vibration number (Г = 4.0) were tested: one with A = 0.003 m and f = 18.20 Hz and other with A = 0.015 m and f = 8.14 Hz. In fluid dynamic tests with particles of dp< 1.00 mm, the characteristic curves were obtained from the classical methodology were analyzed aiming at identifying the influence of the particle size and vibrational on the pressure drop and minimum fludization velocities. For the wet beds was evaluated the dynamic behavior of dimensionless pressure drop and dimensionless air inlet velocity, while in drying experimens the behavior of air relative humidity, absolute humidity, powder production rate, powder moisture content and energy efficiency was assessed. The results obtained show that the use of vibration together with fluidized air may result in significant improvement of the bed dynamics, thus enhancing the drying conditions. They evidenced also that the use of different combinations of frequency and amplitude values to yield a same vibration number may result in very different dynamic behavior in vibrofluidized beds. As a consequence, variables associated to drying such as air relative and absolute humidity, powder production rate and energy efficiency were affected by vibration conditions. To fully characterize the vibration conditions, the value of Г should be informed together with either the amplitude or frequency of vibration.