Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2009-12-17"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

Resistência ao desgaste abrasivo da liga Fe66B30Nb4 processada por conformação por spray
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-17) Catto, Fausto Lopes; Bolfarini, Claudemiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9285398075260491
Aiming at the improvement of the wear resistance of a glass former composition, the Fe66B30Nb4, the alloy was modified with the addition of Ti, resulting in the theoretical compositions: Fe63B29Nb4Ti4 (SF1) and Fe65B30Nb4Ti1 (SF2). These compositions were spray formed from the melts into two small deposits each one with different set of processing parameters. The crystalline microstructures obtained were characterized by optical microscopy, SEM/EDS, XRD, DSC and chemical analysis of Nb, Ti (by optical spectroscopy) and N (by thermal conductivity). Also, a melt spun ribbon was produced with the Fe65B30Nb4Ti1 alloy. This procedure provided some information about metastable phases which could form in the deposits: borides, sub-borides and amorphous phase. Finally, several hardness and DSRW wear tests were conducted. Materials weight losses were discussed in comparison to high chromium white cast iron. The spray formed deposit of Fe65B30Nb4Ti1, produced with the SF2 parameters set up, presented 51% less mass loss when comparing with high chromium white cast iron. The rapidly cooled Fe63B29Nb4Ti4 alloy presented a worse wear resistance result than the slowly cooled Fe65B30Nb4Ti1 alloy. Some factors which could have influenced these results were discussed.
Deverbais de ação em corpus histórico: contribuição computacional para a morfologia construcional do português
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-17) Cucatto, Livia Aluisi; Aluisio, Sandra Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4793072701914550; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1073399123773476
In the past few years, several studies based on constructional morphology to describe the mechanisms of construction of deverbal nouns, that is, nouns derived from verbs, using a synchronic perspective were carried out. The interest in this topic comes from the productivity of the construction mechanism of this type of noun. The impact in the Portuguese language, especially on its formal use, is not irrelevant. There aren't studies showing the variations of these mechanisms in Brazilian Portuguese (PB), much less, a diachronic perspective of him. We believe the current mechanisms be very similar with from XVI, XVII e VXIII. The suffix productivity and formation process can been suffering some kind of changing to specific words. The project Historical Dictionary of Brazilian Portuguese (DHPB) of centuries from XVI through XVIII, sponsored by the Programa Institutos do Milênio, and the construction of a corpus collected for this project, are, at the same time, a challenge and an opportunity to deepen the knowledge about this aspect of the Portuguese language. The analysis of this corpus gives us an opportunity to observe how these mechanisms evolved on the Portuguese language. However, there aren't yet tools that automate this type of research, enabling the morphologists to acquire this kind of data efficiently. The objective of this research was, first of all, to describe the different mechanisms of deverbal nouns construction in PB according to the SILEX morphological construction model (cf. Corbin 1987, 1991, 1997, Correia 1999, Rio-Torto (org.) 2004 and Rodrigues 2006). A second objective was the development of a computational system, named EXTRADEV, which allows easy access to the following data: (a) deverbal nouns (current and historic) with various morphological structures; and (b) graphical variants of nominal action (historic), to allow easier information retrieval. The methodology used on the construction of this system is grounded on: (i) description of deverbal nouns and computational rule‟s building about these; (ii) a pilot study of the fifty most frequent verbs of the DHPB project, extracted using UNITEX, and on the analysis of the graphical variations of these verbs; (iii) the knowledge of the Python programming language and regular expressions; and (iv) the use of the resources constructed for the DHPB project, such as a system of generation of graphical variants, SIACONF. We found 1,742,663 action deverbal instances and 15,633 distinct forms of the same without change of spelling. This number more variants extracted in the second module EXTRADEV, totalling 22,442 occurrences of deverbal history (6,809 variants and 15,633 deverbal no change in spelling). We followed some criteria analysis: frequency data, analysis about deverbal form based on in etymoly and history dictionaries and the last criteria was based on the observation of the final list of historical deverbal. With this study, we aim to increase the knowledge of the diachronic variations of deverbal nouns and to motivate the joint linguistics and computer science contribution, particularly the one made by the natural language processing area, to empower future studies about the Portuguese language.
Os saberes da mediação humana em centros de ciências: contribuições à formação inicial de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-17) Ovigli, Daniel Fernando Bovolenta; Freitas, Denise de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1037654075125918
The theme of education in museums and science centers is still not present in initial training of science teachers. As the school context, the out-of-school spaces can also contribute to teacher training, especially for those students that are working in the mediation of scientific exhibitions during undergraduate studies. This work focuses on this theme by the study of knowledges mobilized by future teachers when the mediation activity in a science center and the possible relations between teacher knowledges (TARDIF, 2002) and human mediation knowledges in science centers (QUEIROZ et al., 2002) and the contributions of experience in museums for science teachers training. Semi-structured interviews and observations of visitor-mediator interactions integrated data collection, developed with six undergraduate students that are mediators, components of the Scientific Exhibition mediation team of Center for Scientific and Cultural Dissemination (CDCC) and the Interactive Space of Center for Structural and Molecular Biotechnology (CBME), both linked to the University of São Paulo, in São Carlos city. This is a qualitative research, and the empirical material was subjected to discursive textual analysis process. Four categories were outlined from the analysis of empirical data: (i) training in undergraduate course to act in the science center, (ii) views on education in museums and science centers, (iii) the human mediation knowledges and (iv) contributions to undergraduate teachers training. The results suggest that skills and abilities, characteristics of mediation activity have been expressed by different elements built by mediators to deal with unpredictable situations that occur in their practice, validating them as potential tools for science teachers training. It was found that these mediators, future teachers, play their role in museum mobilizing theoretical elements previously studied in undergraduate courses and making use of creativity in working with new situations, always present because of the unpredictability of mediations in museums and science centers. The possible implications of this research includes the links between education in museums and science centers and teachers training as well the ways that this subject can be worked in initial teachers training, including a partnership museum/school/university.
Efeito de lipopolissacarídeo de Escherichia coli no apetite ao sódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-17) Almeida, Roberto Lopes de; Luca Júnior, Laurival Antonio de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0339253755971890
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin derived from gram-negative bacteria wall, triggers a conjunct of systemic and behavioral responses grouped under the name of sickness behavior. Several works show the inhibition of ingestive behavior in animals with activated immune system by systemic LPS. The aim of this work was demonstrate that LPS inhibit sodium appetite in lower doses than those that cause lethal effects and that LPS inhibitory action on sodium appetite involves α2 adrenergic mechanisms. Were produced three works where we show the LPS effects on sodium appetite, on arterial pressure and in different kinds of thirst. In the first work, we showed that LPS inhibited sodium appetite and only higher doses produced thirst inhibition, besides reduced urinary volume and natriuresis, without alterations on cardiovascular parameters in FURO/CAP-treated rats. LPS abolished intracellular thirst e reduced urinary volume and natriuresis in 2M NaCl gavage-treated animals. LPS also reduced thirst in FURO-treated animals. These results suggest that LPS has a preferential effect on sodium appetite and on thirst intracellular thirst. In the second work we showed that LPS reduce sodium appetite and that this inhibition is abolished by previous treatment with yohimbine ip, an α2 adrenoceptor antagonist in sodium depleted rats. Yohimbine when combined with LPS produced hypotension in sodium depleted rats. LPS reduced gastric empty in sodium depleted rats and this effect wasn‟t abolished by previous treatment with yohimbine. The systemic effects do not explain the inhibition on sodium appetite and we can suggest that LPS exert an inhibitory effect on sodium appetite probably mediated by central α2 adrenoceptors. In the third work we confirmed that LPS inhibit sodium appetite and that central α2 adrenergic ways mediated this response because RX-821002, an α2 adrenoceptor antagonist injected icv, abolished sodium appetite inhibition induced by systemic LPS in sodium depleted rats without produced alterations in cardiovascular parameters. All results exposed with these three works suggest that LPS inhibit sodium appetite and this inhibition is mediated by central α2 adrenoceptors.
Validação de intervenções de enfermagem para a alta de pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-17) Mata, Luciana Regina Ferreira da; Napoleão, Anamaria Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2530837696657146
The problems that are most frequently mentioned in the literature as causes of increase of the prostate are the benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Although conservative alternatives exist for the treatment of these pathologies, the surgical procedure is still a frequent option of treatment. In this context, nursing team assumes fundamental role, with activities in the whole perioperative period, including the preparation for the discharge of the patients undergone prostatectomy. This descriptive study, developed in 3 stages, aimed to identify and to validate nursing interventions for the preparation for the discharge of the patients undergone prostatectomy. In the first stage, an integrative review of the literature was accomplished in order to identify nursing interventions for the preparation for the discharge of the patients undergone prostatectomy. In the second stage, the model proposed by Fehring (1987) for validation of content of nursing diagnoses was adapted, in order to obtain the opinion of experts about the adaptation of those interventions. In the third stage the validated nursing interventions were presented, following by the studies in that they were identified and the level of evidence of them. Twenty four studies were included in the revision and 15 of them were selected in PubMed, 8 in CINAHL and 1 in Cochrane Library. Regarding the studies types, update studies were prevalent as well as quantitative non experimental one. Regarding the evidence level, 45,83% were classified in the level IV, 29,17% in the level VI and only 8,33% in the level I and II. Ninety three interventions were identified and organized in 11 thematic categories: general conducts, urinary catheter care, prevention of infection, nutrition and hydration care, return to the activities, hygiene care, care in the administration of medicines, teaching on signs and expected symptoms in the postoperative period, signs and symptoms of complication and conduct, exercises for pelvic musculature and care for the control of the pain. The supply of information to the patients by nursing team was the main focus of the authors of the descriptive studies. Thirty eight experts considered all of the interventions very appropriate to the situation", except an intervention related to the orientation of patients and family to phone the surgeon in case of strong pain inside the 24 hours after the surgery, which was considered "relatively appropriate to the situation". It was observed among the Brazilian experts the frequent concern with the relatives' inclusion in the preparation for the discharge of the patients undergone prostatectomy. After the validation by the experts, that resulted also in the reorganization of the interventions, it was obtained 84 interventions distributed in the 11 categories; 43 of those with evidence level IV, 36 with evidence level VI, 2 with evidence level I, 2 with evidence level III and 1 with evidence level II. To offer a group of validated nursing interventions for the discharge of the patients undergone prostatectomy can subsidize the elaboration of protocols and/or specific and individualized care plans, and thus, to favor nursing assistance and consequently the recovery and quality of life of these patients.
O sistema sócio-educativo de internação para jovens autores de ato infracional do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-17) Teixeira, Joana D'arc; Onofre, Elenice Maria Cammarosano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9391211432183878; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752827814779023
In late 90 s, in the State of São Paulo, proposals for reforms and decentralisation of FEBEM were presented and consolidated. In the course of restructuring public policies, the institution acquired the denomination: Fundação Centro de Atendimento Socioeducativo ao Adolescente FUNDAÇÃO CASA (Foundation Centre of Socio-educational Service for Adolescents). This research intends to describe, analyse and understand the restructuring process of the socio-educational system in order to contribute to the discussions and reflections about the modifications of the policies of the educational service to adolescents who commit criminal offences. Considering documentation analyses (period 1996-2009), the studies of researches about the topic and the theoretical approach adopted about the trends of control and punishment that emerges in contemporary society, total institutions and socioeducation, it is possible to indicate that the process of restructuring and amplification through which the institution undergoes must be understood out of a number of factors such as socio-political transformations, social-control, socio-educative proposal and the internal dynamics of the institution. Although the legislation determines the reduction of the confinement, the institutional reconfiguration and the increase of imprisonment of youth can be seen. Therefore, instead of a disruption in the institutionalization process and in the punitive aspects, what actually occurs is the displacement of the youth to a system that tends to legitimise their action, having as its base the main prerogatives of the child and adolescent s rights. The restructuring process, still in course, has not yet promoted practices of socioeducative service that comprehend different educative processes as well as social relationship, using as reference the values and principles of the constitution regarding the respect to human dignity.
Desenvolvimento de perfis extrudados de compósitos de polietileno de alta densidade com farinha de madeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-17) Santi, Cristiano Ribeiro de; Hage Júnior, Elias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8147790464951951
Polymer profiles extrusion shows some peculiarity due to the flow behavior of these materials during the processing. On the other hand, the profile die design and tooling has been more a result of professional s expertise than an engineering project in essence. In the present work, it was aimed to combining concepts of computer s aided engineering to rheological behavior of wood thermoplastic composites on profile die design. The prepared formulation where comprised of 60%wt HDPE, with and without a coupling agent, compounded with up to 40%wt wood flour and lubricant. Rheological properties in capillary and oscillatory rheometry were investigated. Due to experimental difficulties found in such rheometry methods when large particle size fillers are present or in highly loaded systems, a systematic approach for data collecting from a torque rheometer was evaluated, together with a mathematical model for power law parameters evaluation, where the results has been found in agreement to the data of capillary and oscillatory rheometry for neat polymers. For the composites, the results of torque and capillary rheometry virtually coincide, but the viscosities are lower than those measured in oscillatory rheometry. Simulation software was employed both in the die design and experimental data explanation. A cooled land die attached to a single screw extruder was employed for profile extrusion. Once steady extrusion conditions were achieved, temperature, pressure and linear output were monitored and profile s samples were cut for mechanical properties evaluation in flexural mode. The results shown that linear output and profile s properties were influenced by a combination of factors associated to composite formulation, processing conditions and die cooling. The optimum processing conditions for uniform profile extrusion could be reproduced by computer simulation.
O novo poder normativo do TST : dissídios individuais e atores coletivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-17) Artur, Karen; Noronha, Eduardo Garuti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6014314141747645
This research aims to analyze the institutional changes in labor law and in the Labor Justice courts after the Constitution of 1988. It focuses on the uniform decisions of the Superior Labor Court (TST), as well as the political dynamic between this court and the other powers and actors invested in the institution. We carried out a study of the jurisprudence of the court in individual conflicts, and conducted interviews with relevant actors to achieve this goal. Those interviewed include ministers of the TST, judges of the Labor Judges National Association, lawyers of the judicial advisory boards of the main national trade union centers, and law firms representing businesses and financial corporations. We concluded that the Labor Judiciary Power has been the leader in reforms of the institution itself, in addition to labor law in Brazil, and that it has conferred asymmetric powers to social actors in this process. Moreover, we indicate the limits of this leadership in our legislative model of labor relations.