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Nanopartículas coloidais de ouro e prata e sua funcionalização com dibutil-dicalcogenetos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Gorup, Luiz Fernando
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Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6980022218379418
Hybrid materials present interesting combination of the physical and chemical properties of organic and inorganic compounds in a single material that is widely employed in distinct technological applications. In the present work, silver and gold colloids were prepared by means of the Turkevich Method, and hybrid materials were obtained through the surface functionalization of gold nanoparticles with organochalcogen organic molecules (S, Se and Te). The as obtained nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ultravioletvisible absorption spectroscopy and scanning and transmission electron microcopies, while nanoparticles functionalization was observed by means of Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). During the synthesis, it was verified the influence of pH, temperature, reaction time and ammonium concentration, and results indicated that the reducing species concentration in solution is determined by the pH, influencing in the saturation, nucleation and particles growth process. After the nucleation stage, it was noted that the addtion of ammonium can stabilize the silver colloids, resulting in average particle sizes from 1.6 to 2.2 nm with narrow size distributuin. The XPS analyses revealed that the dibutil-diselenol molecules were more stable in the oxidation processes than of dibutil-ditiol and dibutil-ditellurol, presenting oxidized molecules of 6%, 34% and 92%, respectively.
A ciência que não vemos: o jornalismo literário como meio de desvelamento de ideologias e polifonia na comunicação pública da ciência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Passos, Mateus Yuri Ribeiro da Silva
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Miotello, Valdemir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5137098873560200
From a diagnosis according to which there is a gap between common people and the research and development institutions, some studies in the public communication of science aim to gather solutions for reducing it a process in which journalism may be a key tool. This paper aims to analyze science reportages published in three magazines Ciência Hoje, Pesquisa Fapesp and piauí that have narrative aspects. Since the press uses many strategies to bring its public closer to science, we assume that the immersion reportage, using literary techniques, may be a way to achieve it. This research explores the narrative and discourse construction in science journalism and how the pieces handle polyphonic discourses, in order to identify literary journalism characteristics, diversity of themes and approaches to science, as well as to select some procedures which science reporters may use in newscovering. Our corpus was analyzed in a qualitative approache according to Bakhtin s discourse theories and the propositions of Science, Technology and Society and public communication of science studies, in order to promote a better interaction between science and other forms of knowledge, and also to bring a constructive view of science.
Caracterização da indústria de instrumentos musicais no estado de São Paulo: aspectos sócio/econômicos, de manufatura e de inovação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Delgado, Sven Schafers
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Côrtes, Mauro Rocha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5536430013178741
This study aimed to characterize aspects of manufacturing, innovation and socio/economic data from the Musical Instruments Industry (MII) in the state of São Paulo in the period 2003- 2008. The study was justified because the so called "entertainment industry", especially the "music industry" has brought substantive economic and social gains. It was aimed to contribute to the understanding of the structure and size of the productive chain of the music economy in Brazil, particularly through the analysis of MII in the state of São Paulo. Data analysis was primarily qualitative since the research was an exploratory and descriptive type. Data from the MII were obtained from two sources: (a) a secondary, drawn from public governmental databases (MDIC/SECEX/DEPLA and ALICE-WEB) and private associative entities (ANAFIMA and ABEMUSICA) and (b) other primary research, produced through non-probabilistic and non-parametric sample, conducted with population N = 26 companies, producing/building traditional musical instruments in the state of Sao Paulo until the year 2008. The field study, type survey was used to obtain data from the population in the period of December 2008 to January 2009 with the following instruments: a semi-structured questionnaire (electronic/printed) and informal visits (observations and field diaries). Elapsed phase of data collection, the raw data were processed and analyzed via spreadsheets with Excel software, to then be converted into frequency tables and relevant graphs. The analytical methods used were based on descriptive statistics and descriptive and exploratory analysis. The proposed objectives for socio/economics, manufacturing and product innovation aspects have been met. The results indicate that the MII in the State of São Paulo is composed of Micro, Small and Medium companies with: (1) an innovative low rate of innovation provided by the lack of investment in R&D; (2) an absence of forms of cooperation in innovation product and (3) a lack of information about Manufacturing Support Systems. The research also indicates that brazilian national public policies are rare and do not support a more competitive MII at the national or even global scope. This research helps to better understand the MII in the State of São Paulo, and can help formulate policies and actions that may leverage its development and progress.
Os sentidos da formação em Pedagogia da Terra: o caso das militantes do MST no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Rezende, Janaína Ribeiro de
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Bezerra Neto, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7004959582541409
This research aims to analyze the meanings attributed to formation and knowledge usesacquired through the Land Pedagogy, by professionals who have worked with the MST(landless movement) in Sao Paulo State. For that, it was necessary to diagnose how manypeople graduated in this course, who fits in this working context, as well as gathering someinformation about their lives in order to identify their social origins, schooling, professionalcourse, participation conditions in MST, information about the Pedagogy Course they did,performance after graduation and their expectations for the future. To reach this study, wehave researched through literature and documents and performed semi-structured andstructured interviews with participants. For the analysis, we used data triangulation andconsensual validation. We have found eleven women who graduated in Education for RuralCommunities University Course Program and who have worked in Sao Paulo. Although therewere common points among them, for all come from poor backgrounds, there were alsodiverse life stories. Many of them migrated several times searching for better livingconditions and were employed in unskilled jobs which required no technical qualifications.The commitment with the struggle for land and Land Education is the common elementpresent in all stories, but the motivations which have led the participants to MST are quitedifferent. They have found through their social movement militancy a way to build referencesof life and sociability. The participants attended the Land Pedagogy course at Uijui, Unemat,Iterra/UERGS and Unioeste and all interviews positively accessed the education level offeredin it, in both political and educational aspects. Some of these professionals work in theMetropolitan Sao Paulo region, Promissão, Iaras Pontal and at Escola Nacional FlorestanFernandes. Among the others, two of them work outside São Paulo State, one of them inParaíba State e the other one in Mozambique, all of them developing activities for the MST.Among the participants, only one of them gave up militancy recently, although she hascontributed to the educational department over almost ten years. The other participants stillcontribute with the regional, state or national educational department. They develop a varietyof functions, taking more attention to the formal MST courses which are assumed by most ofthem. In Sao Paulo, none of them took the school teaching task because of the difficulties ofparticipation in these institutions and their personal political activity priority demanded by theMST in the state. Concerning the outlook for the future, all of them had an optimistic forecastseeking for projects linking all aspects of their personal lives, as women, mothers, rural settledand militants. As a result of this study, the data analysis identified that the meanings attributedto graduation are: increased schooling, qualified studies, pedagogical and political education,militancy appreciation, performance qualification and an established relation betweenformation or studies and performance or practice. Summarizing, we conclude that the usesand meanings attributed to Land Pedagogy graduation by our participants militants at MSTrefer to the maintenance of their contribution to this social movement. Therefore, we believethat the intention of the MST when leading them for the course was promoting the training ofstaff.
A família no processo de construção social de mercados: uma análise da constituição moral do trabalho livre na economia cafeeira de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Palma, Rogério da
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9921508438209875
Family relationships acquired fundamental importance in the labor process of the coffee economy of the "new" west of São Paulo, but it is not yet known systematic study on how they acted in the occupational structure of Italian and Brazilian blacks. Through consultation with a municipal census and police investigations, this study has as its purpose the analysis of family configuration and perceptions about the family between Italian and Brazilian blacks coffee plantation located in the San Carlos during the turn of the nineteenth century to the twentieth century. Based on the idea that markets are social constructs, we tried to help understand the historical formation of the free labor market in question. At first, it was perceived through the examination of data on family configuration of blacks and Italians, the exercise of greater control by the Italians, to the residence of married children with families. This may demonstrate that they possessed a family project more consolidated around the colonato. We were able to delineate the moral assumptions also similar in the speeches of both categories studied. It was evident, however, the fact of experience around these assumptions to be quite different between them. The process of racialization of the period covered relegated to black representation contrary to morality family seen as conducive to the free labor market. It is believed that, together with the further consolidation of the colonato as a family project among Italians, this pre-concept with the family morality of african descent is crucial to explain the positioning of this social category in the labor market free of coffee economy of São Carlos.
Estudo sobre as produções de texto de alunos do ensino fundamental - a influência da internet
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Camolese, Mariana Ribeiro de Carvalho
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Almeida, Gladis Maria de Barcellos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4046789388750478
It is possible that the written language is influenced by words and/or expressions as well as graphic or semiotic elements, which are present in interactions in virtual environments (relationship sites, instant chats, e-mails, etc). As school is the privileged place for the acquisition and improvement of the written language, this dissertation aims at observing how the internet can interfere in texts produced by students. Based on a previously collected corpus, this research has as its mains objectives: 1) describe the lexicon used by elementary school students from two schools around São Carlos (SP), observing more frequent words and/or expressions, as well as the least current ones but which reveal a rich semantic content; 2) analyse the interference of internet language in the students´ written production; 3) suggest proposals for class work, considering the influence of communication in virtual environments (the internet). The corpus contains 300 compositions and was created as follows: each student (11 to 15 years old) of a private and a public elementary schools was asked to write two compositions. These should be of two different textual genres, which were chosen according to the research interest: a letter and an essay. It is believed that these 300 texts, although they constitute only a sample, can be very representative, since they represent public and private students and also treat two different textual genres. The corpus, collected between October and November 2006, was typed in .txt (Notepad) format, in a way it could be accessible for manipulation by automatic textual processors. Typing followed previously determined transcription patterns in a way it could preserve the texts particularities as standard language deviations, drawings, abbreviations and symbols occurrence. After that, all the corpus manipulation was carried out with the help of Word Smith Tools and Unitex. Regarding the theoretical aspects, this research is based on the concept of discursive genre from Bakhtin, and concerning the methodological ones, the compilation and corpus analyses proceedings suggested by Corpus Linguistics were followed.
Redes de osciladores dissipativos: o modelo duplicado de Caldeira-Leggett, transferência quase-perfeita de estados e recoerência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Cacheffo, Alexandre
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Moussa, Miled Hassan Youssef
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7828776012924524
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1355079087830286
In this work we treat firstly what we call the double Caldeira-Leggett model, which consists on the approach to the dynamics of two dissipative harmonic oscillators via Feynman-Vernon theory. We derived and solved the associated master equations in two different situations where i) each oscillator is coupled to its own reservoir and ii) both oscillators are coupled to the same reservoir. Finally we analyzed the decoherence process of entangled states prepared in both oscillators. Next, we treat the problem of quasi-perfect state transfer (QPST) in networks of dissipative harmonic oscillators. In this context, we have presented two different protocols for QPST: the first based in the detuning between the frequencies of the emitter and receiver oscillators regarding that of the transmitter oscillators and the second consisting in the use of what we call a decoherence quasi-free subspace (DQFS). To this end, we derived the regime of parameters enabling the emergence of DQFS. In both protocols we verified that QPST processes occur by means of a mechanism, similar to the tunneling effect, i. e., the excitations of the state to be transferred populate only virtually the transmission channel. Finally, regarding quantum open systems, we present the phenomenon that we call spontaneous recoherence of states. Through this phenomenon, we verified that the reservoir only shuffle the information of the system, instead of erasing it. The password to retrieve the original information consists of the knowledge of the initial state itself and its associated pure basis
Avaliação de parâmetros de desempenho de três modelos de biorreatores pneumáticos de bancada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Thomasi, Sérgio Scherrer
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Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2430552009733935
Due to the large number of functional advantages, pneumatic bioreactors have drawn attention in the biotechnology field, being more promising than stirred and aerated tank bioreactors. Parameters such as global gas hold-up (G), volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) and average shear rate (Ym) must be considered as performance criteria of these types of bioreactors to provide a better understanding of their hydrodynamics. However, there are no works in literature which compare the performance of bioreactors in terms of shear conditions. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to apply a method proposed in recent literature to evaluate the average shear rate (Ym) in three pneumatic bioreactors of 5-dm3 working volume: bubble column, split airlift and concentric-tube airlift. The volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) was chosen as the appropriate characteristic parameter to assess the average shear rate (Ym) in this methodology. Correlations for as a function of superficial gas velocity in the riser region (Ugs) and rheological fluid properties (consistency index, K, and flow index, n) were obtained for each model of pneumatic bioreactor studied. Moreover, correlations between G, Ugs and viscosity (μ) (for Newtonian fluids) and apparent viscosity (μap) (for non-Newtonian fluids) were performed. In general, global gas hold-up (G) was higher for non-Newtonian fluids. The Ym values estimated by the proposed methodology lay within the range of values calculated by classical correlations. The proposed correlations were utilized to predict the Ym during three Streptomyces clavuligerus cultivations carried out at the same specific air flow rate (3.5 vvm) in the different types of pneumatic bioreactors. The lowest values of related to the highest values of Ym consistency index (K) were found for the bubble column bioreactor, and the highest values of related to the lowest values of K were found for the concentric-tube airlift bioreactor. Intermediate values were found for the split airlift bioreactor. The results showed that high Ym values affect the structural health of the mycelia by rupture of the hipha.
Antonímia nos adjetivos descritivos do Português do Brasil: uma proposta de análise e representação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Barros, Cláudia Dias de
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Vale, Oto Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2277403284693571
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1116794341552522
Among the most important lexical semantic relations to the class of adjectives is antonymy, i. e., opposition of senses as in fat/thin . WordNet, a lexical database for English, both establishes semantic relationships (such as synonymy, hiperonymy, etc.) between words and presents the concept of indirect antonymy (via synonymy: obese=fat/thin) for adjectives. This type of antonymy has not been represented at WordNet.Br yet, the Brazilian Portuguese WordNet, and at Electronic Thesaurus for Brazilian Portuguese (TeP), which contains the WordNet.Br core synsets. Thus, this research aims to study the antonymy in adjectives of Brazilian Portuguese (BP), to contribute to the refinement of the TeP and of WordNet.Br s database. The study takes up the occurrences of the 100 most frequent adjectives in the Mac-Morpho corpus from the LacioWeb project, which contains newspaper articles of Folha de São Paulo of the year 1994 and has 1,167,183 tokens. The adjectives were extracted by the Unitex concordancer. The research is motivated by three questions ( when two adjectives have closely similar meanings, why do they not have the same antonym? ; if antonymy is so important, why do many descriptive adjectives seem to have no antonym? ; and how the direct antonymy can be established? ). The main objectives are: to establish a lexical network that relates direct antonymy between adjectives and indirect antonymy between the synonyms of each adjective and its antonyms and to implement them in TeP, refining the representation of antonymy.
Trocas de saberes musicais : um olhar para os processos educativos do grupo vocal Entre Amigos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Cavalcante, Fred Siqueira
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Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1422926693741851
This study had as its aim to regard, describe and understand the educational processes developed among the integrators of the vocal group "Entre Amigos" ("Among Friends"), existing at the town of Leme, in the state of S. Paulo inward. In order to accomplish this purpose, it was necessary to catch those participators' opinions, as well as hear and understand their life experiences. Such apprehension became possible through their performances in the group actions, that include interchanges of knowledges and musical activities in their various actuation spaces. The data collecting was obtained by means of photos, videos and through the searcher s participant observation, being the camp diary the principal instrument for the research. Some semi- organized interviews were also done, with open regulation, based on education and musical education authors. The registers were later valued and understood in the light of these two realms authors. Thus, the following concepts were studied and developed: social practices, educative processes, experience knowledge, conscientization, humanization and dialogical education. The results indicate six dimensions, catched in the intersubjectivity, that compose different aspects of the educative processes developed in the group context, that are: intimacy (familiarity) among friends, planning through dialogue, rehearsal routine, contextual construction of musical knowledges, repertoires choice and arrangements elaboration. Those processes are ruled essentially in two directions: the one of the human formation, and the one of the musical formation. Those ways are imbricated in the familiarity, presuppose a dialogical attitude of the participants before the knowledges, values and beliefs, and are built by means of exploitations and by actions regarded as vehicle to systematized and nonsistematized knowledges.
Análise dos requisitos de qualidade do transporte coletivo urbano de São José do Rio Preto - SP usando o método QFD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Jammal, Marian Faccin
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Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7452317120060028
The chaotic growth of cities and the lack of importance of their effects on transport systems and traffic have caused enormous damage. The growth of Brazilian cities, can not continue being led by the disorderly development and the needs of individual transport. The challenge is to mobilize allies and public opinion to support public transit systems, and financial and operational. Owing to the problem, public transport has lost seriously by the public, politicians, civic and business entities, and its own citizens who depend on it. It is therefore essential to work to reverse this situation, demonstrating the advantages of public transport. The success of this effort will also depend on the increase in efficiency and quality, which is attached to a series of parallel actions as: improving the quality of services and ensuring adequate space for public transport depending also of improving their quality. This must express itself in all areas, especially, the technological aspects (vehicle), management (training of providers), care (physical and temporal coverage), and integration of information to the user. To consolidate itself as a major shift of urban public transport must also be able to meet the new audiences who never used it, or abandoned due to a drop in the level of service. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the public transport service of the city of Sao Jose do Rio Preto - SP, whose design takes into account quality requirements, such as customer focus and stakeholders - national manager and operator - with the help of the QFD tool. Based on these assessments, particularly the results of the survey with users, regulators and operators have identified the most relevant and less relevant items of the quality of transport. The results show that when studying the customer expectations, it was concluded that to provide a quality service, operator and manager of the same must know the profile and the basic priorities of users, as well as having their needs and expectations main focus.
Síndrome de Down versus alteração de linguagem : interação comunicativa entre pais e filhos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Mayer, Maria Grazia Guillen
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Almeida, Maria Amélia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1980113167777266
The wish to express ourselves is vital and it comes from the efforts of human beings to satisfy physical and emotional needs. It is necessary to interact with other human beings in order to survive, find protection and stimulation and communication is born from this necessity. The process of communication involves several factors that can be observed and identified, although this process occurs in an unconscious, spontaneous, natural way. It might happen through linguistic codes (speaking, writing, gestural language) and non-linguistic codes (facial expressions, smiles, eye contact, touching and silences ) and it involves at least two people, classified as interlocutors, that exchange a message. The objective of the present study was to investigate the interaction between parents and their children with Down syndrome and parents and their children with language disorders. Five pairs of children with Down syndrome (DS) and their parents, and five pairs of children with language disorders and their parents took part in the research. First, an interview with the mothers containing data related to communication of the children was held. Moreover, three sections of recordings with each pair were made. The recordings occurred in previously prepared environments and with previously prepared material for the development of the activities. For the analysis of the interactions, two protocols were elaborated: Observation of the Verbal and Nonverbal Communicative Behaviors of the Adult towards the Child and Observation of the Verbal and Nonverbal Communicative Behaviors of the Child towards the Adult . The results showed that, in some aspects of interaction, mothers of children with language impairment show more suitable behavior during interaction with their children. The behaviors used by the mothers of children with language disorders and highlighted as the most positive ones, that is, the ones that help the process of language development, were: balance of the dialogical activity during interaction, suitable grammatical structure and speech complexity, more patience with the child and suitable intonation. However, mothers of children with Down syndrome showed more interest during communicative interaction. Related to the children, the ones with Down syndrome, when compared to the children with language disorders, showed more difficulty to understand rules and instructions provided by their mothers, expressed less interest in the activities, the discursive form was not adequate and the intonation was monotonous.
Síntese e caracterização de catalisadores de Pt suportados em Sm2O3-CeO2-Al2O3 aplicados à reações de reforma do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Duarte, Renata Bessa
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Bueno, José Maria Corrêa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7182497082472238
The effect of the preparation method of the Pt/12Sm2O3-Al2O3 catalysts and the effect of the content of the oxides promoters in the Pt/xSm2O3-yCeO2-Al2O3 catalysts on the properties and catalytic behavior in the reaction of partial oxidation of methane (POM) were investigated. Once performed characterizations of the catalysts promoted by Sm2O3 synthesized by different methods, the most promising method was used to make a study of the content of the oxide promoters of samarium and cerium. Catalysts containing both oxide promoters were most active for this reaction because they have a higher density of Pt sites, according to data obtained from the reaction of dehydrogenation of cyclohexane. With increasing content of Sm2O3 greater stability during the reaction is observed in the catalysts. This stability provided by the samarium oxide support can also be evidenced by measures of N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). XPS results show that the high stability of the catalysts should not be due to the increase in the bond strength of Pt-O-Sm or Pt-O-Ce, which would hinder the diffusion of Pt. Therefore, it is possible that the lack of mobility of the promoted support is responsible for the stability observed.
Comunidades de aprendizagem: contribuições da perspectiva dialógica para a construção positiva das identidades das crianças negras na escola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-25)
Constantino, Francisca de Lima
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Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6307132797544251
The present research, titled Learning Communities: contributions of the dialogic perspective to the positive construction of the black children s identities at school, aimed at understanding which classroom practices contribute to the positive constitution of the black children and the respect for the differences under the dialogic perspective, as well as which practices need to be overcome according to the teacher s point of view in the investigated classroom, the children s and their relatives . In this sense, the objectives were as follows: systematize the identity and diversity concepts under the dialogic perspective; investigate which tools the teacher used to deal with the diversity matter, as well as understanding how the ethnic and racial diversity are perceived by the teacher, children and relatives; and understand, based on the accounts given by the teachers and the school coordinators, how the Learning Communities proposal and its theoretical basis contribute to the positive construction of the identities. In order to fulfill such objectives, we focused on the theoretical bases which rule the Learning Communities proposal and which approach is guided by Habermas communicative action and Freire s dialogicity, as well as having the dialogic learning developed by Flecha as its guiding principle. In addition to these authors, we were also based on other sociology and anthropology theorists who helped us to understand the question of ethnic and racial relations. Furthermore, we were also based on authors from the Special Center of Investigation in Theories and Practices to Overcome Inequality (CREA) and Nucleus of Investigation and Social and Educational Action (NIASE), once such research groups carry out works based on the dialogic perspective. Learning Communities is a proposal which was born from the experiences that Spain and The United States went through and it is currently being developed in Latin American countries such as Brazil first of all, followed by Chile and recently Paraguay. The Learning Communities proposal aims at the social and cultural transformation of the school and its surroundings based on the principles of the dialogic learning and seeks maximum-quality education for everyone. The dialogic learning principles guide us through coming up with more equal ethnic and racial relations within the school context, thus aiming at the construction of the different identities. The research was carried out at a school which was made into a Learning Community in the city of São Carlos. The teacher responsible for a 3rd-year group and his/her pupils, as well as the pedagogical coordinators of the school and some relatives took part in the investigation. Based on the critical communicative methodology, the data collection was carried out from the communicative accounts, discussion groups and communicative observations; the analyses took place intersubjectively between the participants and the researcher. As for the results, it can be affirmed that the dialogic perspective turns into a possibility in seeking the transformation of the school relations and that it is possible to form and value the different identities in the school context. Through the speeches of the participants, it can be affirmed that the Learning Communities theoretical bases contribute to the positive constitution of the black identity and that the dialogue is an action which effects more equal relations in the classroom. Moreover, it can be noted that the diversity contributes to both the children s learning and to the strengthening of their identities. In conclusion, ethnic and racial relations is a complex matter as we could observe, and it is not yet resolved in the political, social and educational scopes of our country. Therefore, questions to be answered in future studies remain.
Parâmetros para o projeto de poltronas aeronáuticas : revisão da literatura e as práticas da indústria no setor de transportes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-26)
Souza, Jerusa Barbosa Guarda de
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Menegon, Nilton Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6645446347296444
The comfort issue has gained increasing relevance in aircraft cabin projects, and has become a key variable in studies of passengers propensity to take flights as well as an advantage in a competitive market. Among different variables that can influence the passengers comfort perception, those concerning the seats seem to have great relevance. The initial aim of this research was to define the parameters of aircraft seat designs and compare them to the currently used. The literature review on seat parameters showed some results that confronted the data collected in our research. It also showed that the aviation industry lacks a complete understanding of usage of these parameters, once simply having the knowledge about the project parameters does not make them "ergonomic", especially because this condition depends on the interaction between the user and the object in a situation of usage. This research also aimed to study the practices currently used by the transport industry in terms of integrating ergonomic aspects and comfort to the product development process. In order to accomplish that, a benchmark took place in five different seat manufacturers for different means of transportation, highlighting common concepts, methods and tools, with special attention to how the companies analyze user seat usage as a project tool. The results showed that the concepts of ergonomics and passenger comfort adopted by most companies are, in fact, defined by the manufacuters. That means that the manufacturers limit themselves to following the standard requirements, measures, and anthropometric data when developing the project. Some companies develop daily analysis based on ethnographic and field research with future passengers to design their products, but this matter is still incipient. This research also observed that Pressure Mapping is a tool widely used to analyze user comfort issues. Anthropometric data is also an important tool for designing seats, usually scaled from the H point with the aid of a three-dimensional dummy. Above all, it was observed that the issue of passenger comfort does not seem to be more important than other factors, such as cost and safety issues. In addition to the benchmark, a pilot experiment was filmed during a flight to test new ideas and to develop a better method regarding passenger comfort based on the analysis of passenger seat usage in real situations, opening the door for future researches on these issues.
Pedagogia da terra: olhar dos/as educandos/as em relação à primeira turma do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-26)
Amaral, Débora Monteiro do
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Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8600829409961701
The present research investigated the point of view of the scholars from the course of Land Pedagogy at UFSCar (Federal University of São Carlos) about this course, which is, the first one in the State of São Paulo. This course began in the second semester of 2007 at this University and has the participation of students from settlements and camps in several cities in the State of São Paulo, the ones who belong to four different social movements: Movement of Rural Landless Workers (Movimentos dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra MST), Federation of Rural Salaried Farmers in the State of São Paulo (Federação dos Agricultores Rurais Assalariados de São Paulo FERAESP), Federation of Familiar Agriculture in the State of São Paulo (Federação da Agricultura Familiar do Estado de São Paulo FAF) and Organization of Settled Women and Quilombolas* in the State of São Paulo (Organização das Mulheres Assentadas e Quilombolas do Estado de São Paulo - OMAQUESP). The course started by having sixty students and has now (fourth stage), forty-three, being, out of this, thirty-nine women and four men. The course of Land Pedagogy is a course that came to exist due to the demand and claim of social movements and through partnerships with the National Institute of Colonization and Land Reform Institute (Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária INCRA) along with UFSCar and through the National Program of Education as for Land Reform (Programa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária PRONERA), what made it viable to organize as well as implement it in the state. The course of Land Pedagogy has as methodology the alternation pedagogy, with organizes the learning process of scholars in two different periods of time: the school-time, at which presential classes take place and communitytime, through practical activities and researches developed in the communities from which the scholars come. Based on this context the research brings along as main concepts the educational processes that occur in these communities, that is, the teaching and learning based on Paulo Freire s pedagogy, the disclosure of the land social movements and land education as far as the differentiation of rural education is concerned. In order to make it viable, we relied, as methodological and theoretical basis, on the purposes of the participating research, guided by Carlos Rodrigues Brandão s (1985, 2006) as well as Paulo Freire s (1983, 1992) elaborations. Three men and thirteen women from different settlements and of different ages and social movements took part in the study. The gathering of data relied on the collecting of bibliographical facts, general interviews, scouts, talks, observations, by accompanying the scholars at their school-time and community-time and notes in the field diary. The analysis of the data occurred in a shared way and based on the following categories: 1) Interdiction; 2) Otherness and 3) Solidarity. The data showed that the interdiction processes the scholars went through along their lives made it possible the creation of forms of resistance and overcoming of this question while mobilizing through their social movements and learn from these processes. It s noticeable that they learn along with and from the differences, being these cultural, generational and ideological ones, among others. It s also perceivable the solidarity, cooperation and collaboration as factors that along with the group, made it possible this course to exist. The alternation system enabled the indissolubility between practice and theory but hampered with the interaction among the students who attend the course and the university community. It becomes necessary the creation of spaces in which everybody from this community gets to know one another and dialogue about the course so that they can know how to respect one another and through dialogue to teach and to learn.
Titanatos de alcalinos terrosos : a ordem associada à desordem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-26)
Moreira, Mário Lúcio
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Longo, Elson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6395095165722635
The microwave-assisted hydrothermal method was implemented in the synthesis of alkaline earth titanates under ABO3 stoichiometric known as perovskites, being efficient and innovative. For that, OH- groups played an important role since the coprecipitation of hydroxides to the dehydration of oxides for the formation of barium, calcium and strontium titanate at temperatures of 140 ° C with times from 10 to 160 min under 2.5 bar self-generated. During the dehydration / crystallization process of the hydrogen atoms may remain bound to oxygen causing a redistribution of local charges in the crystal lattice in order to stabilize it like a whole. This effect leads to the network polarizations, generated by small atomic displacements as microstructural distortions and casual vacancies of cations observed for BTO and STO, besides changes in dihedral angles for CTO. These polarizations will be able to cause the appearance or extinction of Raman vibrational modes without a drastic change on the phase symmetry of the materials. In the case of STO, fist order vibrational modes were detected in its cubic structure, for the BTO all observed vibrations correspond to the tetragonal phase and the CTO has an orthorhombic-orthorhombic transition related to the displacements of their vibrational modes. These changes of polarization for systems under study were also obtained from the simulation of Raman spectra, confirming and supporting the experimental results for each system. Thus the trapping of the hydrogen element is linked to local distortions through the formation of complexes clusters, mainly related to the atom network forming in its octahedral site. The formation of these clusters leads to the redistribution of the electronic states as a whole near the valence band and conduction band states by the hybridization of oxygen 2p and titanium 3d respectively. 13 This effect can be detected by absorption spectra of X-rays on the edge of the element titanium, and confirmed by "ab initio" simulations. Soon, new states near the bands may arise or be moved into the gap. In this case, such electronic states act as charge trapping centers, resulting after a specific excitation in the electron-hole pairs within the unstable band gap. Therefore, the different excitations employed in 350 and 415 nm allow us to produce different luminescent emission of individual system when the radioactive decay of these pairs. Thus, there was an intensification and / or disappearance of bands as a function of excitation applied. The CTO compound is the more efficient light emitting tooth the three materials. Thus the perovskites have become attractive materials with hybrid properties which make them even more attractive compounds for scientific research.
Os debates do significado de educar para as relações étnico-raciais na educação brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-26)
Cruz, Ana Cristina Juvenal da
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Abramowicz, Anete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736396213946663
This research is to understand the strategies and pedagogical practices employed by teachers to the education of ethnic-racial relations. The research is located within the theoretical studies of race relations and education, has scaled the debate on the race category, education, and action of black movements in the perspective the debate on recognition. The object of work is outlined in part from the projects submitted to the Prêmio Educar para a Igualdade Racial of the CEERT Centro de Estudos das Relações de Trabalho e Desigualdades in editions 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008 and an interview with a teacher award finalist. The index was compiled from the descriptions made by the teachers of the projects submitted, bearing in mind the articulation with the literature discussed in research with the objective of at understanding how these teachers think the education of ethnic-racial relations in Brazil. It is therefore conceptions of school, culture, diversity, difference between other terms expressed in the proposals. The record of this educational experience indicates the emergence of an education of ethnic-racial relations and suggests the fragility of proposals aimed at racial equality guided democracy and racial progress toward recovery and recognition of differences in perspective.
Avaliação do grau de autogestão dos empreendimentos econômicos solidários: elaboração de um modelo de análise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-26)
Costa, Lucelia Borges da
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Alves, Francisco José da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9183120186518337
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2741400963698629
The solidary economy is a different way to get work and income for people are excluded from labor market. However, many enterprises of solidary economy do not work because of deficiencies in the practice of self-management. This study aims to propose a model to analyze the self-management. Here, it is presented as a process where there are five degrees / types of self-management. The model was based on bibliographic review and experiences in advising cooperatives. The development of the model included a case study, which allowed adjust it, and the construction of scenarios which enabled a better understanding of the limits and possibilities of it.
Nietzsche: pathos artístico versus consciência moral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-26)
Krastanov, Stefan Vasilev
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Fonseca, Thelma Silveira da Mota Lessa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3744686151114285
The present work proposes an interpretation of the nietszchinian philosophy and, more specifically, of two fundamental and constitutive aspects of his thought, that are: the discussion about the language and the question about the tragic and the Greek tragedy. The reported interpretation is configured through a reading of split expressed as opposition between the artistic pathos and the ethical consciousness, justified by the proper title: Nietzsche, artistic pathos versus ethic consciousness. The artistic pathos is associated, mainly, with the pulsional strength that leads to the creation. This is the reason through what was chosen this notion, instead of the word art, putting in prominence that this isn t just a cultural phenomenon that the word art, usually means, but of an accomplishment of the life, itself (Wirklchkeit) from the creation. The work was developed in two parts, observing the two points emphasized in the research: the discussion about the language that focuses the relation between the metaphor and the concept, by a side, and the problem about the tragic connected to the pretension of the philosopher of denominating himself as the first tragic philosopher , by another. Coming from an analysis of these two points that arise in the young period of Nietzsche and, certainly, enunciate the future trajectory of his thought, we tried to show that Nietzsche- on the contrary of the affirmed by some commentators, among them, Heideggerachieved to break the theoretician conception subjacent to every philosophic thought since the ages of Socrates and Plato, through the powerful weapon of the art, that, here, by a peculiar reason is called artistic pathos.