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Políticas públicas na bacia hidrográfica do Rio das Mortes Mato Grosso-Brasil: educação ambiental para vidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-04-22) Nápolis, Patricia Maria Martins; Sato, Michele; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9264997837722900; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4594780742425829
The Mortes River basin (MRB) is located in the eastern state of Mato Grosso, with its source in the Serra São Lourenço, Campo Verde (MT) and flows into the Araguaia River, in São Félix do Araguaia (MT), its extension is 1070 kilometers. Its total area of twenty one municipalities covering the whole basin is 61.662,20 square kilometers, or 6.82% of the total area state. There are records of recent decades that show a intense expansion of areas converted for use in agriculture and livestock. This study aimed to devise strategies for environmental education in the formulation of public politics in the Mortes River basin (MRB) Mato Grosso - Brazil. This research was divided into two parts: characterization of environmental processes and environmental education, using instrumentation and data acquisition, digital processing of results, document analysis, questionnaires and interviews. As a result of the main features of the physical environment of MRB was possible the preparation of thematic maps: geology, geomorphology, pedology, vegetation, hydrography, and protected natural areas. As a result of the main features of the physical environment of MRB was possible the preparation of thematic maps: geology, geomorphology, pedology, vegetation, hydrography, and protected natural areas; allowing the idealization of an array of environmental education for the eleven municipalities studied. The MRB is threatened by indiscriminate deforestation that has occurred. Cases of silting up, water pollution, the destruction of the sources and reducing the water volume, has been widespread and is affecting the water use of the region residents. The tactics of environmental education for the Basin has suggested that value community involvement in finding solutions environmental participatory, and not decimate the natural landscape, the rural characteristics and culture of artesanal fishing, and to propose local economic alternatives.
Das glebas aos continentes: um diálogo sobre indicadores socioambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-04-22) Peron, Darci; Sato, Michele; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9264997837722900; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6829878694060568
This study has been carried out in a rural settlement of the Agrarian Reform National Institute Wesly Manoel dos Santos, also known as Gleba Mercedes V, located in the municipal district of Sinop, Mato Grosso. It involves elements for the analysis of Human Welfare of people settled there, through three socio-environmental indicators: the Ecological Footprint, the Human Development Index and the Happiness Index. Based on the case study methodology, this research triangulates quantitative and qualitative data and it uses the following methods: 1- the Ecological Footprint Method through the variables: water consumption, power, fuel and wastes generation; 2- the Happy Planet Index Method, which relates Happiness to the Ecological Footprint, in which the program: Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) has been used, in order to systematize the gathered data; and 3- Method adopted by PNUD to check the Human Development Index, through the variables of longevity, education and health. Through these collected data and the figures found for the three magnitudes: Ecological Footprint, Happiness Index and Human Development Index, we have examined the impacts brought about by the activities put into practice by the inhabitants of that community in the natural environment, life pattern of the inhabitants and their happiness, trying to assess the human welfare condition of the community dwellers, aiming to evaluate the sustainability degree of the referred settlement. Using a previously structured questionnaire we could assess the satisfaction level towards life, which is 5.62 (in a 0 to 10 scale). Based on the Happy Planet Index Method, through the relationship between the local Ecological Footprint and the satisfaction level, we have calculated the Happiness Index of 0.68 (in a 0 to 10 scale). Both the quantitative and the qualitative data have been gathered between January to December, 2008. After the analysis of the results of the Ecological Footprint: 0.433 gha/per capita and the Biocapacity: 6.34 gha/per capita, the settlement can be considered ecologically sustainable and we can say it presents a confirmed ecological superavit.
Estudos químicos e microbiológicos de microrganismos associados à esponja marinha Dragmacidon reticulatum, objetivando o isolamento de metabólitos secundários bioativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-04-22) Mizuno, Carolina Megumi; Seleghim, Mirna Helena Regali; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998337634888263; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3879006027123565
Fungi are known as one of the most promising sources of unprecedent bioactive compounds, however, marine derived fungi are still very poorly studied. These microorganisms present high percentages of active metabolites and they are commonly isolated from marine invertebrates. At this study, the associated microbiota of the marine sponge Dragmacidon reticulatum was investigated in order to know the microbial diversity and explore the biotechnological potential of those strains for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. Fragments from D. reticulatum were incubated on Petri dishes with different growth media. Forty five strains were isolated, although only 40 presented satisfactory growth for the preservation and production of extracts. From these, 32 strains were analysed for their genetic polymorphism through the ARDRA method that showed 24 different ribotypes. Extracts produced from the growing media of the 40 strains were evaluated for their cytotoxic and/or antimicrobial activity. From those, 22 presented biological activities in at least one of the bioassays, and had their chemical profiles evaluated in HPLC-UV-MS. Considering only the different ribotypes, 20 strains were selected by the biological activity of their extracts and were submitted to molecular identification. These isolates were attributed to the Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Myrmecridium, Microphaeropsis, Sporidesmium and Westerdykella genera. One strain was identified as actinobacteria from the Streptomyces sp. genus, and had its extract investigated, because the marine derived actinobacteria are also potential sources of bioactive compounds. The isolation of the unprecedented compounds _,_-dehydrocurvularin, the I-6, O-2 and JKL-4, produced by the fungus Penicillium decaturense, demonstrated the effectiveness of the screening procedures used in strain selection as producers of metabolites of biotechnical interest, and the need of more studies with this strain and the other strains selected in this study (Streptomyces sp., Westerdykella sp. and Sporidesmium sp.). The results confirmed the biotechnological potential presented by marine derived fungi.