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Estudo experimental e numérico da fluidodinâmica e das transferências de calor e massa em um leito de jorro contínuo: uso da técnica CFD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-05-10) Rosa, Cezar Augusto da; Freire, José Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6540467268812748
In this work, the transport phenomena, which occur during the drying operation in a continuous spouted bed, are evaluated through experimental data and CFD simulations. Thus, this thesis was divided into three main parts: fluid dynamics, heat transfer and mass transfer. The fluid dynamics of a spouted bed, with continuous solids feeding, was studied through experimental data of static pressure, fountain height and air mass flow rate. A two-fluid two-dimensional model using the Euler-Euler approach was applied to simulate the fluid dynamics of the system. Gidaspow (1992) drag model was used to describe fluid-particle interface forces and the granular kinetic theory (Lun et al., 1984) to predict the solid phase stress. The commercial fluid dynamics code, FLUENT 6.3, was chosen to solve the model equations. The data obtained via CFD compared well with experimental results. In the heat transfer study, the conservation of energy equation was used, in conjunction with the fluid dynamics model, to simulate the heat transfer between the gas and particles in a continuous draft tube spouted bed. Two different Nusselt number correlations (Gunn, 1978; Kmiec, 1980) were used to calculate the heat transfer coefficient between the phases. The simulated results were compared with the experimental data obtained for the fluid temperature in the draft tube and annulus sections of the bed as well as for the solids outlet temperature. The drying simulations were done by coupling the transport phenomena, fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer. An equation, based on thin layer drying data, was developed for the drying constant, which is a function of the fluid temperature and gas-solids relative velocity. The drying model presented physically consistent results and it seems to be promising for the drying analysis.
Análise de duas propostas para a reabilitação da marcha em indivíduos portadores de sequelas neurológicas crônicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-05-10) Santos, Fernanda Romaguera Pereira dos; Mattioli, Rosana
This work is composed of three distinct studies. In the first one, we compared the muscle coactivation of tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocunemius medialis (GM) during quiet stance and the also during the stance phase of gait in hemiparetic subjects (hemiparetic group, HG, n=12) and in subjects with no neurologic injuries (control group, CG, n=10). We evaluated the TA and GM electromyographic signal and calculated their overlapping ratio (OR). We concluded that these individuals do not present significant coactivation alterations in the stance phase of gait, but in quiet stance they seem to use the coactivation of the non-paretic limb to maintain postural stability. In the second study we investigated the effects of the association of treadmill training with body weight support (TTBWS) associated with strength training of ankle muscles on the motor control in chronic hemiparetic subjects. Fifteen volunteers were distributed into 2 treatment groups: 1) TTBWS (G1; n=7); and 2) TTBWS associated with resistance training for dorsi and plantar flexors (G2; n=8). We evaluated muscle performance of plantar flexion and dorsiflexion in an isokinetic dynamometer through peak torque (PT), total work (TW) and acceleration time (AT) at the speeds of 60°/s and 120°/s. For gait analysis we assessed the ground reaction forces (GRF). There was an increase in PT and TT of plantar flexion at 60°/s in the paretic side, and an increase in the positive peak of the anterior-posterior GRF component in both sides of G2. We suggested that the proposed intervention leads to improvements in the components related to propulsion of gait. In the third study, we evaluated the effect of the robot assisted gait training (RAGT) in children with spastic diplegia. Twenty children (12 male, 5-13 years old) were evaluated for functional outcomes and spatial-temporal patterns of gait before, after and 3 months after the end of the intervention. Comparisons revealed significant improvements on functional outcomes and in gait mechanics. We concluded that RAGT promotes better gait patterns, and that the learning of this new task is retained even after the end of the intervention.
Viabilidade prática de Bacillus subtilis para controle biológico de Colletotrichum acutatum, agente causal da queda prematura dos frutos cítricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-05-10) Corrêa, Francisco Eduardo; Campos, Maria Bernadete Silva de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5024245659105477; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1808199150615064
The objective of the present research was to study the practical viability of Bacillus subtilis (ACB-69) to control Colletotrichum acutatum, the casual agent of postbloom fruit drop (PFD) under field conditions. First, the bacteria was tested in two different concentrations, one at 5% and the other at 10 %, in the experiment conducted on Pera Sweet orange plants grafted on cravo lemon trees (11 years of planting), in a private property located in Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil during the 2007/2008 season. The same treatments were repeated in the following season, however, with or without adding a carbon source (molasses at 5%), on Valencia orange plants grafted on Rangpur lime trees (15 years old). Additional studies were also carried out under the same conditions, aiming to determine the most appropriate growth stages of flowers to apply the biocontrol agent, for the best disease control. For all experiments, the biological products were applied with an air assisted sprayer with the additional intent of evaluating its practicality. It was verified that the weekly application of B. subtilis at 5% reduced the quantity of symptomatic flowers by 47%, while the chemical treatment only showed an18% efficiency when compared to the control. On the other hand, weekly applications of B. subtilis (at 10%) or with one week before the application of the other biological treatments caused a greater average number of effective fruits (ANEF). The addition of a carbon source at the moment of application may favor the antagonism of the bacteria; however, the addition is optional, particularly when its ANEF is evaluated. The best moment to apply the ACB-69 isolate to control PFD was in the open flower stage, when the percentage of symptomatic flowers was evaluated, however, when the bacteria is applied during all flowering stages there is a greater quantity of effective fruits per plant. The use of the air assisted sprayer was considered efficient for the antagonistic application, allowing a better distribution of the inoculum on the plant without damaging the bacterial cells, hence, enabling it to be an indication for future microorganism applications to control diseases.
O processo transcriativo de São Bernardo de Leon Hirszman
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-05-10) Bozicanin, José Eduardo; Monzani, Josette Maria Alves de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0505156751073470; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0331116908238067
The purpose of our research was to recoup some of the ideas about the intersemiotic translation of Graciliano Ramos' novel Sao Bernardo (1934) to the cinema. In this masters dissertation we realised the creative genesis of Leon Hirszman's filmmaking processes by following the path traced by the film-maker since the reading of the homonymous novel to the to the writing of an unknown script and posteriorly in his film editing and sonorization approaches.