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Propriedades eletrocatalíticas de eletrodos nanoestruturados constituídos por multicamadas metálicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-08)
Freitas Sobrinho, Renato Garcia de
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5262842566597142
This work reports the electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of ethylene glycol and ethanol electrooxidation onto Ptpc/(Pt1Ir1)x/Pty, Ptpc/Irx/Pty (where x and y designate different thickness) and alloys Ptpc/(PtxIry)1.5ML (where x and y designate different atomic ratio) metallic multilayer electrodes. About ethylene glycol electrooxidation, it was observed that metallic multilayer electrodes without alloys in the inner layer, i.e. Ptpc/Ir3.0/Pt3.0 exhibited are increase around 175% in the peak current. Using factorial design technique, it was possible to determine that the composition effect of the inner layer was the most significant. Using in situ FTIRRAS, it was observed that the CO2 onset production over Ptpc/Ir3.0/Pt3.0 metallic multilayer electrodes shifted 100mV towards more negative values and its production was increased by approximately 140% compared to Ptpc. During the ethanol electrooxidation, it was observed that the process onset was shifted 200mV towards more negative values over Ptpc/Irx/Pty and the peak current density increased about 375% over Ptpc/Ir1.3/Pt10 compared to Ptpc. The CO2 production was shifted 100mV towards more negative for all Ptpc/Irx/Pty metallic multilayer electrodes, and especially for Ptpc/Ir250/Pt250 the CO2 production increased up to 960%. A complete C-C bond cleavage for ethanol molecule, leading to COL as intermediate and CO2 as final reaction production was for the first time observed in this work. Therefore, no band related to acetaldehyde and acetic acid was observed by in situ FTIRRAS over Ptpc/Ir250/Pt250 metallic multilayer electrodes.
Uma análise da parceria público-privada na gestão hospitalar: um estudo de caso na perspectiva dos estudos em ciência, tecnologia e sociedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-09)
Silva, Meliza Cristina da
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Pedro, Wilson José Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8135701448186851
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8646310947265533
The increasing technological change and intense health service, which provides worldwide, brings as a consequence the necessity of development and incorporation of new models of management and financing. These managerial innovations include a look at private institutions, to the establishment of strategies such as PPP - Public Private Partnership model in the SHO - the Social Health Organizations. This study presents an analysis of the adoption of strategies of the PPP in hospital management from the perspective of studies STS - Science, Technology and Society. The objective was to analyze the process of managing the Bauru State Hospital - BSH, scrutinizing its construction, operation strategies and the results of the PPP. The method adopted in this investigation is the case study and bibliographical review on the STS subject, the PPP and the SHO. The result of the thesis demonstrates the range and often overcoming the qualitative and quantitative goals of the Health Secretariat of São Paulo in the PPP of BSH, from its creation to the updating of the procurement and management over the seven years of partnership. PPP's strategy has enabled the provision of services to the region of Bauru once concentrated in towns. This dissertation is the proposal to incorporate discussions on PPP in hospital management to field studies STS.
Complexos fosfínicos de rutênio contendo os ligantes nitro, nitrosilo ou piridinas, com atividades antitumorais e antituberculose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-10)
Cruz Júnior, José Wilmo da
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Batista, Alzir Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7986883288512102
In this work, a series of cis-[RuCl(L)(dppb)(5-mebipy)]PF6 (L=pyridine, 4- metylpyridine, 4-phenylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 4-terc-butylpyridine and 4- aminopyridine); the cis-[RuCl(NO2)(dppb)(5-mebipy)], the cis-[Ru(NO2)2(dppb)(5- mebipy)], the ct-[RuCl(NO)(dppb)(5-mebipy)](PF6)2, and the cc- [RuCl(CH3CN)(dppb)(5-mebipy)]PF6 [dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane and 5-mebipy = 5,5´-dimetyl-2,2´-bipyridine] were synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analysis, IR/UV/Vis spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry, pulse differential voltammetry, NMR 31P{1H}, molar conductivity, and when was the case, by X-ray crystallography. It was showed that for the cis-[RuCl(L)(dppb)(5-mebipy)]PF6 complexes the E1/2 values decrease with the increase of the pKa of the L ligand. For the cis- [RuCl(NO2)(dppb)(5-mebipy)] and cis-[Ru(NO2)2(dppb)(5-mebipy)] complexes, the IR data suggested that the NO2 - species are coordinated to the metal throughout the nitrogen forming nitro complexes. This was confirmed by the determination of the Xray structure of the cis-[Ru(NO2)2(dppb)(5-mebipy)] complex, in which, the nitrite ligands are coordinated to the ruthenium throughout the nitrogen. The electrolysis of the ct-[RuCl(NO)(dppb)(5-mebipy)](PF6)2 complex at 300 mV produces the ct-[RuCl(CH3CN)(dppb)(5-mebipy)]PF6 compound (CH3CN trans the phosphorus), which isomerizes to the cc-[RuCl(CH3CN)(dppb)(5-mebipy)]PF6 complex (CH3CN trans the nitrogen), the final product of the process. It was showed that these isomers are formed by the nitrosyl dissociation of the NO from the ct- [RuCl(NO)(dppb)(5-mebipy)](PF6)2 complex without any potential application. This process was followed by 31P{1H} experiments, in which both isomers were detected, and after a few minutes only the cc isomer was present in the solution. The biological assays showed that the complexes synthesized in this work are active against MDA-MB 231 and K-562 tumor cells and present anti-tuberculosis properties.
Efeitos de inseticidas biológicos (óleo de nim, Azadirachta indica, e entomopatógenos Metarhizium anisopliae e Beauveria bassiana) sobre a cigarrinha-das-raízes, Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae), em cana-de-açúcar sob cultivo orgânico, em relação à mortalidade natural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-12)
Baptistussi, Roberta Carrara
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Margarido, Luiz Antonio Correia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5685663057214334
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5156438649484777
The neem oil obtained from the Azadirachta indica plant, plus formulations containing the fungus Beauveria bassiana and Metharizium anisopliae, were used to control the spittlebug Mahanarva fimbriolata in organic cultivation of sugarcane. The action of these products was compared with natural mortality of the insect, through parcels without use of any products. The experiment was conducted at Santo Antônio Plant in Sertãozinho-SP, in variety RB 85 5536 in the period from March to May 2008. It was employed the statistical design of subdivided parcels, with seven treatments, three repetitions and four periods. It wasn t observed significant statistical differences between the treatments studied either generally or in different periods evaluated. The natural mortality ranged from 55,5% to 80,81% suggesting that the action of environmental agents was sufficient, it laid off any kind of products, even the alternative.
Perícia criminal: uma abordagem de serviços
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-12)
Rodrigues, Claudio Vilela
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1344094440098169
Value creation for society and gains in efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness has been reason of concerning in public sector. Based on a broad literature about service operations management, service value and public service value, this thesis has taken for granted that to know the value which a service must deliver to its main stakeholders is prior to organize it. According to literature, value might be created since designing public institutions until managing them. To integrate the different perspectives, it was used an approach that evaluates service value creation from the consequences on to its customers and the necessary resources to deliver them. These consequences were analyzed under four dimensions: utility, justice, solidarity, and aesthetic. Recourses analyzed were competences and technology. Thus, this thesis s purpose was to define the value of Forensic Science Service (FSS) to its main stakeholders. The specific objectives, which generated propositions, were: to find out the role played by FSS in its interorganizational network, to find out the main FSS characteristics, to identify critical factors for value delivery, and to propose some guides to design FSS. To achieve these objectives, a five-year qualitative, longitudinal and exploratory case study was carried out in a FSS federation unity. Subsidiary information was collected in six other FSS. Data also were collected from FSS stakeholders, using multiple methods. Results were analyzed and criticized based on theory. The findings showed that FSS takes part in a Public Safety and Criminal Justice interorganizational network and provide it with a service: the production of forensic evidence. FSS operations present exams variety, process variability, layout by fixed position in front office, and stakeholders diversity. FSS association with science highlights its intangibility. FSS utility dimension is to link the suspect to crime scene (or innocent someone wrongly accused) using science and technology, that is, it helps to build a narrative, in which defendants behaviors are trialed according to the law. There are obstacles on delivering this value dimension, like miscoordination among network members on crime scene preservation, for instance. The justice dimension assumes that every citizen must have access to FSS, independent of any pre-existing condition. Although, FSS hasn t been universalized yet. The solidarity dimension has a deeply conexion with Human Rights, both in avoiding constraining suspects during criminal investigations, and contributing to fair trials, in the sense that either prosecution or defense have access to the service in equal terms. However, FSS subordination to the Police jeopardizes its impartiality. The aesthetic dimension consists on helping Police solve crimes without constraining suspects. Besides the technical competence, FSS personnel need a communicational competence to a full client s knowledge. The technological resources are part of production process and critical for value delivery. Concluding, FSS should be redesigned as an independent agency in order to increase Criminal Justice impartiality. Finally, the study encourages reflections about the difficulties of applying service operations management concepts to a public organization that is changing, and it´s characterized by the diversity of stakeholders and by its fluid and poorly defined, although important value.
Caminhos de alunos com deficiências à educação de jovens e adultos: conhecendo e compreendendo trajetórias escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-12)
Tinós, Lúcia Maria Santos
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Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9102713410545596
Studies indicate that the Youngster and Adult Education program has been increasingly used as an educational resource by handicapped people. Although the last decades has shown progress in the legislation aiming to assure the right to a quality education for the students with special needs, including the handicapped ones, based on the principle of an Inclusive Education for all, the question is how the educational services special or regular - are being assured and taken into account for these individuals stands. Based on this question, the objective of this study was to understand the educational trajectories of the handicapped students that are participating in the Youngster and Adult Education program, worth the aim of, better definig the different educational services experienced by these students, including the Youngster and Adult Education program itself. To achier does, it were carried out interviews with two handicapped women enrolled in the Youngster and Adult Education program, and their mothers. For the data analysis, phenomenological understandings were selected, having as a principle the units of meanings, in order to unveil the understandings and meanings of each participants, perceptions then world of interpretations of the experienced contexts. The description of educational trajectories enabled the understanding of some aspects of the educational services (the Special School, the Special Education Classroom, the Regular Education Classroom (Inclusion) and the Youngster and Adult Education program Classes). The understanding analysis allowed to point out convergences and divergences of the analyzed processes: pedagogical attendance; academic degree; exclusion situations; welcoming; referral; certification; right or assurance; inclusion; education and work world, all descend lousy the legislations in effect. Thus, it was observed in these trajectories that the progresses in the legislation regarding the assurance of the right to a quality education, and, in this case, towards the handicapped students, still need to be put into effect with seriousness and real conditions. That these educational services, including the youngster and adult Education program, start to be thought and guaranteed for public politics that recognize the right and the necessities of the handicapped student.
A construção social dos riscos sócio-ambientais causados pelo processo produtivo convencional de cana-de-açúcar um estudo de sustentabilidade sócio-ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-12)
Sousa, Iara Fonseca de
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Borges, Janice Rodrigues Placeres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6647002378595611
The reality could be perceived in different ways due mainly to the culture and social assumptions embody in each group, comunity or society. This work attempeted to compose a major frame of the social construction about the socio-environmental risks caused by the convecional product process of sugarcane, by using a perspectivy study of the Monte Alegre rural settlement productors. This perceptions were also related and contested by the tecnoscientific information available for the the impacts occasioned by the sugar-cane production to adress convergence or divergence contacts. The risk perception study is justified by the recognition of the important role played by the several social actors in the desenvelopment and management of their areas, within this, the essencial step for reaching a better sustentability of the rural environment. The metodology use quantitativity and qualitativity approaches by the application of close questtionares, semi-structured interviews and photodocumentation. It's important to notice that there are sensitive divergence and convergence between the productors percepcions and the tecno-scientific production, that reenforce the importance of the complementary and incoporation of different knowleges in the planning and execution plans of the study area management.
O comportamento de preensão palmar em lactentes humanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-12)
Moraes, Marcus Vinicius Marques de
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2135793485845226
The palmar grasp behavior in human infants has been approached by this work. Three studies were conducted. The first study consisted of exposing the state of the art regarding the use of palmar grasp reflex (PGR) in neuropsichomotor assessment instruments and the use of PGR as a research subject in infants. The second study determined the reliability of an instrument to measure grasp strength in infants from birth to two months old. We have studied 39 healthy infants of both sexes who were allocated into three groups ("SC", "FR", "BL") according to the city from where came from . The equipment under test was called M-FLEX , which provides values of maximum grasp strength (FMAX), mean grip force (FMEAN) and grasp time (GT). The third study aimed to characterize the palmar grasp behavior of human infants , we studied 90 healthy infants of both sexes, born at term, originated from three Brazilian cities with climate and socio-cultural characteristics similars. Infants were classified into three groups according to their age. Measurements were performed on both hands face to the right side, face in the middle line and face to the left side. The variables were compared between sexes and correlated with data weight and height development. Comparisons were made of variables between the different positions of the face and between age groups. It was found that the side that the face is turned and age group are factors that affect the variables measured by M-FLEX and it is possible to measure how much asymmetry is tolerable to characterize the behavior of an infant with typical grasp.
Campo térmico e consumo de energia elétrica residencial na cidade de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-16)
Azevedo, Juliana Antunes de
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Souza, Lea Cristina Lucas de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0083847008256434
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8230628768540993
One of the main changes observed in cities today are the changes of the urban climate in relation to its surrounding areas. Differences in thermal field of a city may interfere in the residential energy consumption, being its study relevant, once the energy is precondition so that essential facilities and benefits of modern life can be enjoyed. From this, this work has as objective establishment of relationships between the thermal field and residential energy consumption in the city of São Carlos-SP, for different scales of approach and based on some parameters of urban morphology. In the methodology three variables were worked: the urban morphology, the climate and energy consumption. In the specific case of variable the climate, this was studied in two scales: the scale micro-scale and mesoscale. Methodological work steps were: inventory, bibliographic review, selection of control points, climate study on micro-scale (composed by substeps: climatic data processing, calculation of sky view factor, calculation of occupancy rate and index of exploitation and calculation of the vegetation index), study of climate on meso-scale (composed by substeps: estimation of radiometric temperature, calculation of the vegetation index and multicriterium analysis), study of energy consumption and finally data analysis. The results confirmed that the morphological influence on thermal field in micro-scale and meso-scale. In the microscale the exploiting index, sky view factor and average height indicated behaviors as described in the bibliography for the average, maximum and minimum temperature data, while the occupancy rate has the behavior described in the bibliography for amplitude. In meso-scale vegetation was evaluated as a factor of biggest influence on the climate. The residential energy consumption presented coherent distribution with changes in thermal field; however, this changes shall also be related to social classes of regions, since these have varying patterns of use. Regarding geoprocessing techniques used in the methodology, it was observed that the algorithms, kriging and multicriterium analysis were useful in the research, however the vegetation index, despite being simple execution, did not provided for micro-scale the desirable results.
Avaliação da espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma induzido por laser (LIBS) para a determinação de Ba, Cd, Cr e Pb em brinquedos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-17)
Godoi, Quienly
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Krug, Francisco José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462034099753487
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030366223948624
LIBS is a spectroanalytical technique that employs the microsampling by laser ablation and subsequent exitations for atoms, ions and molecular fragments presents in induced microplasm.This technique was evaluated for determination of Ba, Cd, Cr and Pb in samples of toys and for the application of classification methods. A Q-Switched Nd: YAG laser (Brilliant, Quantel, France) operating in the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) with repetition rate of 10 Hz and spectrometer model ESA3000 (LLA Instruments Berlin, Germany) with optical Echelle and ICCD detector was employed. Samples were cut in circles of 3,0 and/or 1,5 cm diameter, fixed in sample holder and coupled in a sampler. Laser pulses were focused in the surface of sample. Ten accumulated LIBS spectra were collected in different positions of each sample and the average of these spectra was used to represent a test portion. Software ESAWIN, NIST database and an algorithm developed in MATLAB® were used for acquisition and data processing. Variables optimization was realized using 24 factorial design and Doehlert. Operational optimized conditions consisted of: 18.0 cm lens-to-sample distance, 50 accumulated laser pulses, 6.0 μs integration time gate, 2.0 μs delay time and 250 mJ laser energy per pulse. Two strategies were proposed for calibration, in the first one used toys samples for building calibration curves and the second one used pure polymers of HDPE and PP for calibration. The curves obtained presented good correlation and was observed that laser-polymer interaction depends of chemical composition of polymer. The comparison of results obtained with LIBS and ICP OES not were very consistent, probably due to the mixture of polymer matrices and for samples HDPE+PP, it was not possible to build curves with a mixture of these matrices. However, is possible to use LIBS for evaluate semi-quantitative presence of analytes in toys. xxi Leaching tests were realized in all sample toys. Values obtained were compared with values established in the technical Norms NM 300-3:2002 and EM 71- 3:2002. The results showed that few toys samples exceeded the values established by norms after of leaching test, despite Cd, Cr and Pb have been found in some samples with total values above established values. The classification of toys samples were realized using the classification models SIMCA, KNN and PLS-DA, allowing adequate classification of toys contaminated with Cd, Cr and Pb.
Avaliação da contaminação e destino de multirresíduos de pesticidas organoclorados em água e sedimento utilizando cromatografia gasosa com detector de captura de elétrons (CG/ECD)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-18)
Simão, Livia Pedrino
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Rezende, Maria Olimpia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6164624893473124
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1908502563885303
The use of pesticides for the purpose of improving agricultural productivity during the last century, played a key role in environmental contamination especially in surface water and sediment. Pesticides used on a large scale are the organochlorines, which, once present in the soil can be transported in large quantities by the rain, mainly reaching surface water. This study aimed to evaluate the contamination of water in the River Basin Monjolinho mutirressíduos by organochlorine pesticides, through physical, chemical, and also using gas chromatography with electron capture detector (GC / ECD) for detection of organochlorine compounds . Therefore, we sampled water and sediment at five points along the River Basin Monjolinho. The method presented achieved Imitating of detection (LOD) of 0.0039 to 0.86 mg L-1, limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.07 to 2.59 mg L-1 and determination coefficient of 0.99. Through the results of chromatographic analysis, physico-chemical water and sediment, we found the presence of organochlorine compounds in all sampling points, a fact which may be related to persistent use of these compounds near the basin. These results support the view that the organochlorine pesticides are still part of the products used in agriculture of our country and also that the proposed methodology for the determination of organochlorine compounds multiressíduos is profitable and satisfactory.
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos modificados com Poli-1-aminonaftaleno e Poli-1,5-diaminonaftaleno e aplicação na determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-18)
Silva, Quésia Guedes da
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7322456840289279
The aim of this work was to study the electrochemical response of the electrode modified with poly-1-aminonaphthalene (1-PAN) and poly-1 ,5- diaminonaphthalene (1,5-PDAN) for dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA) adrenaline (AD) and hydroquinone (HDQ) determination in pharmaceutical preparations by means cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse (DPV). The films of a 1-PAN and 1,5- PDAN were electropolymerized on the platinum electrode by cyclic voltammetry. The surface of the films of a 1-PAN and 1,5-PDAN was characterized by SEM technique. The best results were obtained for DA with electrodes prepared in solutions with 1- aminonaphthalene and 1,5-diaminonaphthalene 0.01 mol L-1 in the perchloric acid 1.0 mol L-1, and 70 cycles. The electrode of 1-PAN showed voltammetric response only after the cathodic pre-treatment of -0.7 V for 3 s, and for the electrode of 1.5- PDAN this pretreatment resulted in better definition of peak and higher density current. The first procedure developed was determination to the DA using the electrodes of a 1-PAN and 1,5-PDAN by technique DPV, the analytical curve was linear in the dopamine concentration ranges of 9.90 and 122 μmol L-1, with a detection limit of 4.22 μmol L-1 and 19.6 and 99.0 μmol L-1 with a detection limit of 4.25 μmol L-1, respectively. Further, we studied the determination of NA using electrodes of 1-PAN and 1,5-PDAN by technique DPV, presenting a linear response between 9.90 and 82.5 μmol L-1, with a detection limit of 0.85 μmol L-1 and 9.90 and 90.9 μmol L-1 with a detection limit of 1.81 μmol L-1, respectively. For determination of AD employing electrodes of 1-PAN and 1,5-PDAN by technique DPV, the calibration curve was linear over the concentration range between 29.1 and 145 μmol L-1, with a detection limit of 8.35 μmol L-1 and 38.4 and 166 μmol L-1 with a detection limit of 15.8 μmol L-1, respectively. Finally, a procedure for the determination of HDQ using the electrode of 1,5-PDAN by technique DPV was developed. The analytical curve was linear in the HDQ concentration range between 74.0 and 690 μmol L-1, with a detection limit of 24.1 μmol L-1.These results were concordants with the comparative method, the spectrophotometric, with an acceptable relative error, which suggests the applicability of electrochemical methods proposed in samples of pharmaceutical formulations.
Preparação e caracterização das propriedades luminescentes de blendas de poli(3-ácidotiofenoacético) com acetato de celulose ou poli(vinil álcool)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-19)
Bergamaski, Franciele de Oliveira Freitas
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1192013631012905
We have studied the optical properties of Poly(3-Thiopheneacetic Acid) (PTAA) by absorption, emission, and infrared measurements. We have observed, on the contrary of what broadly reported in the literature, that the intensity of the PTAA luminescence increased with time exposition of the Laser beam. The results have been shown that luminescence was highly dependent of the power of Laser beam excitation and of the polymeric (blends) film thickness. To evaluate the chemical changes in the course of luminescence increasing, absorption measurements in the infrared range were done. A decrease in the band of 1560 cm-1 was observed after Laser beam irradiation, what could be related with a decrease in the number of C=C bonds, and it is a possible explanation for the luminescence intensification. The PTAA photoluminescence was studied under high vacuum showing that the increase of luminescence was not dependent of oxygen presence in the polymeric film. Besides, we have done photoluminescence measurements at temperature of 10 K and compared with that at room temperature, 298 K. In the irradiation of the films at 10 K it was observed a suppressing effect that could be related to conformational changes in the polymer structure. Finally, we have measured the time resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) of PTAA and AC/PTAA blends in picoseconds in two temperatures regime. It was investigated the TRPL transients for different samples of PTAA in several solvents and for blends with cellulose acetate (AC) or poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). In all samples (the pure polymer and in the blends) the PL transients have presented behavior mono- and biexponentials. However, the mono-exponential model, in most cases, was not sufficient to describe adequately all PL decays. So, it was used a function in the form of two exponentials sum.
Transformações na matéria orgânica nos sedimentos e águas eutrofizados da Represa Ibirité (Ibirité-Sarzedo, MG) tratados com nitrato de cálcio em microcosmos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-19)
Colzato, Marina
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Mozeto, Antonio Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6594211224864538
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1359688001544183
Due to the growing concern with the environment and the welfare of future generations the search for the restoration of degraded areas and the reestablishment of equilibrium between the anthropogenic and natural environments are nowadays highlighted. The Ibirité Reservoir (Ibirité-Sarzedo, MG) is an example of water body impacted by the disorganized urbanization and strong industrial development in the metropolitan Belo Horizonte, MG, SE Brazil. The reservoir, built by the REGAP-Petrobras in the sixties to supply water to its industrial processes, is a eutrophic water body due to the continuous contribution of urban sewage (external loading) and the consequent internal loading of nutrients (mainly of phosphorus), the primary element responsible for the eutrophication process. Among the existing technologies for the treatment of eutrophic sediment focusing on the P immobilization is the artificial supply of nitrate as an electron acceptor to the stimulation of the natural denitrification process. In this stimulation process, the different geochemical forms of reduced iron are oxidized to iron (III) oxi-hidroxides that adsorbs the phosphorus present in the sediment pore water. In addition to that, the metallic sulfides and the organic matter are oxidized as well. This work aimed at the development of laboratory experiments in a bench scale (microcosms) in which sediments and water of the Ibirité reservoir were treated with nitrate addition in order to evaluate the organic matter transformations from caused this treatment. The results indicate that there was, in the treatment microcosms, an increase in the redox potential, an almost complete abatement of the acid volatile sulfide (AVS) of the sediments, and a significant reduction of available phosphorus in the water. The UVvis spectroscopy indicated differences in the spectral profiles between the control and treatment microcosms, but uniform trends along the experiment were not identified. The elemental analysis showed agreement with the results of AVS and nitrogen species in sediment pore water data, with the reduction of sulphur and nitrogen contents.
A caracterização da produção de materiais didáticoeducativos audiovisuais para educação superior a distância na UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-19)
Montanaro, Paulo Roberto
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Santiago, Glauber Lúcio Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9385173410103898
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9722367900588242
This survey aims to collect data on the production of audiovisual content intended for undergraduate courses in e-learning mode. Mapped Thus, each of the elements produced, their production system and the actors who work directly or indirectly in the construction of these materials. Therefore, we attempted to trace a brief history of the development of several other audiovisual productions over the years that have passed, so that they know the way political, aesthetic and linguistic achievements they had so far. Likewise, it also draws a picture on the understanding of the system applied in the university, through the project called Universidade Aberta do Brasil, known by the acronym UAB, as well as its structure around a specific department, the Secretaria Geral de Educação a Distância, or SEaD, within the Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar - which is also critical to understand that one can macroscopically pedagogical issues, techniques and systematic material produced there. Thus, the creation of an audiovisual team within the structure of this department is essential for the project shows that the process of teaching and learning for the proposed project, since the use of multiple media is the basic assumption in this system. The evolution of team formation, their training and the duties performed by each of its elements are extremely important for understanding the intentions of undergraduate courses created and there is part of this research, as well as developments in its production process, procedures and results. That said, means the audiovisual production focused on e-learning as part of a larger system and complex content and instructional materials were defined and delimited by the collaboration between the different actors involved in the process, as well as limitations and technical characteristics of the process, production time and internal policies of the political-pedagogical project of the institution and the course as a whole.
Estudo das propriedades eletroquímicas e magnéticas do polipirrol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-22)
Marchesi, Luís Fernando Quintino Pereira
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2116479070725283
In this work the electrochemical degradation of polypyrrole films was studied by means of an applied overpotential and the magnetic properties of polypyrrole pellets, when these were modified by the incorporation of metallic species. The films studied in the electrochemical degradation were grown potentiostatically at 0.75 V vs. SCE, up to a charge of 80 mC in a HCl solution, using LiClO4 as support electrolyte. The degradation process took place by an applied potential of 0.58 V vs. SCE, accompanied by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The voltammograms showed the decrease of the polypyrrole redox properties with the degradation process, and the impedance measurements, that were interpreted using transmission line models, showed that the degradation process affects the interfacial polypyrrole properties, once the polymeric resistivity and the time constant of the diffusional process in the pores remained constant. The magnetic measurements of the polypyrrole pellets showed that the sample ferromagnetism is dependent of the synthesis parameters, such as temperature and monomer/oxidant ratio. The magnetic properties of the polypyrrole pellets also shown to be dependent of the iron and cooper particles incorporated in the sample during the synthesis, which is interesting, once independently of the nature of the magnetic particle, the changes that occurred in the magnetic properties of the polypyrrole were similar.
Modelagem molecular de derivados pirimidínicos e estudos de docking nas enzimas ciclooxigenase 1 e ciclooxigenase 2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-23)
Armelin, Paulo Roberto Gabbai
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Schpector, Júlio Zukerman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252331837170383
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3405458626219252
In this research molecular docking was used to study enzime-ligand complexes of Cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) with pyrimidine derivatives, aiming at understanding the possible mechanisms of action of these compounds and, thus, suggest modifications that could increase their specificity. The chosen ligands were a series of 25 substituted pyrimidines with known activity. The three-dimensional structures of these compounds were obtained by molecular modeling and that of the enzymes from the PDB and PDBSum under the codes 2OYE and 1CX2 for COX-1 and COX-2 respectively. The binding sites chosen for the docking studies were 20 Å around the crystallographic ligands IM8-700 (2OYE) and SC-558 (1CX2). In the COX-1 formed complexes the SO2Me moiety is positioned in such a way as to form hydrogen bonds with Ile517 and Phe518. The benzo[b]thiophen-2-ylmethyl-[2-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-6-trifluoromethylpyrimidin-4- yl]amine formed the most favorable complex with COX-1. In COX-2, the enzyme-ligand interaction pattern shows the SO2Me group in the side pocket, forming hydrogen bonds with His90 and Arg513 and the different substituent groups of the pyrimidine ring form hydrogen bonds with Arg120 and Tyr355. The presence of a small lipophilic pocket in COX-2 and the docking results suggest that the ligands 2, 15, 17, 22 and 23 may have their activity enhanced by the addition of a hydrophobic group on the phenyl or thiophenyl rings so this group can interact within this pocket. In both cases the mechanism of inhibition is probably competitive. As the search for new anti-inflammatory drugs must deal with a subtle balance of COX-2 and COX-1 inhibitions, the ligands 2 and 22 that showed better results for COX-2 rather than for COX-1 would be the most promising ones and therefore, those that should be tested in vivo.
Caracterização da estrutura genética de populações residentes e migradoras da espécie Salminus brasiliensis da Bacia do rio Mogi-Guaçu
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-24)
Rossini, Bruno César
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Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1696102117856353
Dourado (Salminus brasiliensis Cuvier, 1816) is an excellent migratory fish, possessing large body and wide distribution in South America, with presence in Paraná, Uruguay, Paraguay and La Plata River Basins (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay), in drainage of Laguna dos Patos (Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil) and the upper portion of the Mamoré and Chaparé River system (Bolivia). This fish is much appreciated in gastronomy and sport fishing. However, with increasing habitat degradation, overfishing and damming of rivers due to electric power generation, the fauna of these areas has suffered large impacts, and studies aimed at conservation are needed. In this approach, microsatellite markers have been used to assess the genetic structure of natural populations in order to provide data for management and conservation programs. Despite the microsatellite markers are extremely useful for many organisms including dourado, there are not species-specific loci described yet. Thus, in the present study we used heterologous loci, described for three species related to S. brasiliensis in eight populations of this fish (four residents and four migratory). Samples of 201 animals were collected in the Mogi-Guaçú River (Cachoeira de Emas, Pirassununga, SP) during the years 2007-2009, including reproductive periods (November-February) and non-reproductive (March-October). DNA was extracted using protocol phenol: chloroform: isoamyl alcohol. We tested 29 microsatellite loci, 16 were described for Salminus franciscanus, six for Brycon hilarii and seven for Brycon opalinus. Of this total, only ten loci (nine for S. franciscanus and one for B. opalinus) have demonstrated excellent amplification and high polymorphism, being used in population analysis of S. brasiliensis. Statistical analysis was performed in Genepop 4.0 (HWE, heterozygosity, linkage disequilibrium), FSTAT 2.9.3. (FST, genetic diversity and allelic richness, Fis), GenAlEx 6 (private alleles), Popgene 1.31. (distance and genetic identities), Micro-Checker (null alleles) and Structure 2.3.1. (assignment test and population differentiation). The number of alleles ranged from eight (Sfra18) to 48 (Sfra02), considering all populations together. The levels of observed heterozygosity ranged from 0,668 (RT- 07/2008) to 0,776 (MT-01/2009), and seven populations were out of the HWE at least for one locus. The values of Nei's distance and genetic identity varied, respectively, from 0,08 to 0,29 and 0,75 to 0,92. The data show that these populations have high intra-population genetic variability and low population differentiation between them. The FST values, together with the data of gene and genotypic differentiation and the analysis in the software Structure pointed to the existence of at least two populations outside the breeding period in the analysis. For populations sampled within the reproductive period no structure was identified. These results may help to better understand about the migratory behavior and their reproduction in the region of Cachoeira de Emas, contributing to management actions related to fisheries and conservation of this important migratory fish species.
A eficiência do pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) na recuperação florestal de áreas degradadas e análise de seu retorno econômico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-25)
Alves, Juliano Aparecido
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Gerald, Lee Tseng Sheng
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6011767937130900
This study aimed to test the efficiency of jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) in the recovery of degraded environments and analyze their economic return by selling seeds for biodiesel. We compared two treatments and a certification production. The first treatment (T1) was made a hundred and fifty individuals of jatropha, the second treatment (T2) was formed by seventy-five seedlings of jatropha and seventy-five seedlings of native tree species and the certification (T3) was made a hundred and fifty seedlings of native tree species. During the study period of twenty-four months, we recorded survival data, height, diameter and circumference of the crown and they graded. The analysis of the economic return was made by raising revenue (sale of seeds for biodiesel) and costs (installation, maintenance and collection of seeds), calculating the economic profitability during the first twenty-four months. Therefore, we conclude that the use of jatropha in the recovery of degraded environments is highly recommended, and profitable during the first twenty-four months after planting from the sale of seeds for Biodiesel.
Multiferróicos monofásicos a base de Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3-PbTiO3: acoplamento magnetoelétrico intrínseco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-11-25)
Fraygola, Bárbara Maraston
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Eiras, José Antônio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6653223814715498
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337081921331056
Multiferroic ceramic solid solutions between the ferroelectric relaxor Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3 (PFW) and normal ferroelectric PbTiO3 (PT) [PFW-PT] has been synthesized by a modified B-site precursor method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, dielectric, electric, magnetic and anelastic measurements. A two-stage solid-state reaction turned out to be appropriate for the formation of the majoritary PFW phase as well as PFW-PT solid solutions, with low percentage of spurious phases, high densities, dielectric constant and electric resistivities. Intrinsic relationship between structure, composition, magnetic ordering and dielectric proprieties was discussed. Dielectric properties have been tailored by adding PbTiO3, bringing the ferroelectric transition toward the room temperature, transforming the phase transition from diffuse, typical for ferroelectric relaxors, to a sharp one, characteristic of normal ferroelectrics. Two types of superexchange magnetic interactions and a succession of magnetic transitions with Neel temperatures dependent on the composition were found in the solid solutions. The magnetic ordering at TN1 is expected to vanish with PT addition, for higher amounts of PT to 30 percent. For 12-13%PT, the samples are multiferroic (presenting ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic ordering) below 237K. Anomalies in the temperature dependence of the elastic constants have been observed at TN and TC for all samples, indicating that the magnetoelectric coupling between the ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic orders occurs via strain . The value of the magnetoelectric coefficients η were estimated for all samples, from the measured values of their magnetic susceptibility, dielectric constant, magnetoelastic and electroelastic coefficients. Additionally, an interplay between ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties of the samples, as well as the influence of the proximity of the temperatures of the establishment of both orderings with intrinsic magnetoelectric coupling coefficient was established.