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Roteiro metodológico para o planejamento de zona de amortecimento em unidades de conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-04) Perello, Luís Fernando Carvalho; Santos, José Eduardo dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7188124962880909
The buffer zones around protected areas are often suggested as complementary areas of conservation, but are rarely evaluated. In Brazil, the buffer zones are treated as secondary theme and when deployed, their perimeters are arbitrated. The lack of a script, but also specific regulations for the planning of buffer zones limit the ability to include this territory in the process of organizing conservation. This study aimed to review the legal and ecological principles that have guided the establishment of buffer zones; propose a roadmap based on ecological criteria for buffer zones to plan and implement the proposed method for establishing the buffer zone of National Park Pond Fish, Mostardas, RS. To define the perimeter of the zone, the script relies on the conservation objectives of protected area, the impacts that threaten these goals and structure of the surrounding landscape, identifying conservation opportunities. This information was treated quantitatively using a GIS and spatialized generating scenarios for discussion and the perimeter of the most appropriate choice. The method favors the participation of local communities in decision-making, encouraging the creation of spaces to be exercised co-management of the buffer zone and protected area itself. Using the model created a buffer zone for the National Park of Lagoa do Peixe, mustards, RS, even contemplating a range of marine protection. The buffer zone proposal adds an area around the unit with approximately 150,000 hectares, complementing and supplementing more than 33,000 hectares of habitat for conservation of interest. The model showed, among other things, that landscape structure plays an important role in defining the perimeter of the buffer zone. The adoption of the roadmap should fill an important gap in conservation planning, especially with regard to zoning of protected areas.
Avaliação de impactos ambientais da agroindustrialização canavieira na Cooperativa de Produção Agropecuária Vitória (COPAVI): um estudo de caso da produção de açúcar mascavo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-04) Araújo, Eduardo Rodrigues; Borges, Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800048119205212; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5340693215818814
Análise crítica da NBR ISO 9001:2000 x NBR 6118:2003 para aprovação de execução de estruturas de concreto armado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-04) Nunes, Harlen; Carvalho, Roberto Chust; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
This work shows the methodology for standardization of quality programs like NBR ISO 9001:2000 employed in construction of reinforced concrete structure for multi floor building, and relationship of this standard to the NBR 6118:2003 and 14931 NRB, governing the requirements and methodology for design and execution of concrete structures. It was, therefore, present the main recommendations of ISO 6118:2003 and NBR14931 interface with the NBR ISO 9001:2000 standard procedure for receiving approval of reinforced concrete structures. This work was conceived through a methodology of presenting guideline of quality programs and standards pertaining to the concrete, trying to match the tables and guidelines used for verification of services advocated by quality programs, with the technical regulations defined by the rules. And finally, proposes a new type of design for these checks and standards proposed by quality programs so now rendered compatible with the requirements of the standards that define and guide the design, implementation and receipt of reinforced concrete structures. This new design is done through a simple check with the help of tables which ensure that standards are met will the project level, performance and visual appearance of this structure.
Estudo químico em patógenos e vetores de doenças de citros: Xylella fastidiosa e Diaphorina citri
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-04) Andrade, Moacir dos Santos; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7611610854727757
CHEMICAL STUDY OF PATHOGENS AND VECTORS DISEASE OF CITRUS: Xylella fastidiosa & Diaphorina citri. Historically the national citriculture suffered great changes because of phytosanitary problems, and nowadays among the main threats to citruculture are the Huanglongbing (HLB) or Greening and the Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC). The bacteria Xylella fastidiosa is the etiologic agent of Citrus Variegated Chlorosis. The HBL is associated to a bacterium that belongs to the Candidatus Liberibacter genera and its dissemination is by grafting of infected material or by psyllids. This work describes the chemical study of bacteria Xylella fastidiosa and the olfatometric response of Diaphorina citri to Citrus species. The X. fastidiosa (9a5c) were cultivated in PW medium. In the chemical study of X. fastidiosa the identification techniques used were CG-EM, LC-MS e LC-SPENMR. These techniques allowed the identification of fatty acid derivatives and diketopiperazinic alkaloids. This is the first chemical study of X. fastidiosa that boarded the alkaloids production cyclo (Pro-Val), cyclo (Val-Phe), cyclo (Tyr-Tyr), cyclo (Phe-Tyr), cyclo (Pro-Phe), cyclo (Leu-Leu), cyclo (Leu-Ile), cyclo (Val-Leu), cyclo (Ala-Leu), cyclo (Ala-Pro) cyclo (Pro-Leu), cyclo (Pro-Tyr), cyclo (Tyr-Pro), cyclo (Tyr-Val), cyclo (Pro-Ile), cyclo (Phe- Ile), cyclo (Arg-Val), cyclo (Leu-Phe), cyclo (Gly-Phe). Volatile compounds produced by X. fastidiosa extracted by SPME allowed the identification of methyl ketones and alcohols. The behavior study of D. citri to Citrus species essential oils, using olfatometric assays showed higher attractiveness to Citrus reticulata Blanco, Citrus paradisi Macfad., Citrus medica L. and the standard Murraya paniculata. However, lower attractiveness of D. citri was observed to hybrid species tangor Murcott, citrumelo Swingle e citrange Trover, that showed a high percentual of sesquiterpene compounds in the chemical composition. As complementary subsidy for understanding the interactions between D. citri-host the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Clusters Analysis (HCA) were carried out, these analyses demonstrated a group between tangor Murcott e citrumelo Swingle that indicate chemical similarity.
Sensibilidade de variedades de milho (Zea mays) ao alumínio em solução
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-04) Lima, Daniel Luiz Sans de; Soares, Marcio Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8232756501813641
The influence of Al toxicity on the development of the root system and on the interference of nutrient absorption, typical of acidic soils, has been presented as one of the main causes of the low productivity of many crops of economic concern. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate the root development of maize plants, Dow 2B655, AG 8061 pro, Al Bandeirante, and DKB 747 varieties, in nutritive solution with different conditions of Al stress (0, 55, 111, 222, 444, and 666 µmol L-¹); examine morphological changes in the roots of maize seedlings through optical microscopy; verify the penetration of Al in the root tissue with the use of hematoxylin dye. The experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions, in a completely randomized design, with four replications. The results of root growth rate (cm day-1) were subjected to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Morphological parameters of Al in root tissues, indicated by staining, were explored in the form of images by photographic recording of observations under the optical microscope. The increase in the concentration of Al in solution caused a decrease in the rate of root elongation of all maize varieties. The critical concentration of Al in solution, which initiated the deterioration processes of the root apex, was 111 mol Al L-1. The main morphological changes in the roots, that is, the production of callose and the collapse and deformation of the hood, started from the critical concentration of 111 mol Al L-1 only in the AG 8061 variety. For the Al. Bandeirante, DKB 747, and Dow 2B655 mayze varieties, physiological injuries to the root apices were caused by concentrations of Al in solution greater than 444 mol Al L-1. The hematoxylin dye helped to indicate the accumulation and location of Al in the root tissue. The root biometry indicated that the Al. Bandeirante and Ag. 8061 mayze varieties were more tolerant to Al in solution, while the Dow 2B655 and DKB 747 varieties were the most sensitive. However, visual examination by the hematoxylin method and by optical microscopy indicated the following sequence of mayze varieties tolerance to Al in solution: Al Bandeirante > Dow 255 = DKB 747 > Ag 806.