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Análise e proposta de melhoria do processo de previsão de demanda em uma pequena empresa do setor de cosméticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-06)
Angotti, Luís Rogério
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Godinho Filho, Moacir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1490587798890083
Nowadays, even small-sized enterprises are investing in integrated management systems, called ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning), as a way to solve planning problems and to better control their cash flow. However, these enterprises end up neglecting one of the main inputs to improve the PPC (Production Planning and Control): the demand forecast. Thus, planning and cash flow problems persist, and no matter how flexible the enterprise is, it cannot follow the demand due to limited resources. Another factor is related to the responsibility of elaborating the sales forecast, which a single area or department is in charge of and reflects all the development of the enterprise, in case values are not reliable. This work fits context, once its main goal is to present a process which combines various methods or forecasting techniques, integrating areas or departments as a whole, and sharing the responsibilities to obtain a consensual preview accepted by all. This process aims to align the revenue goals defined by the board and make possible actions with advance, in case it is seen that the objectives cannot be achieved in revenue terms, promoting coordinated actions between the commercial and productive areas, searching for a common outcome in financial terms. The proposed method also aims to improve the way of communication among areas, integrating the information and trying to suggest an evaluation and analysis process of the performed forecasts, apart from proposing an incentive to the commercial area to search for accuracy in the forecasts. The final outcome of demand forecast process will be a master production scheduling. A theoretical-empirical analysis is presented, and the research, based on literature, identifies, from the production system evolution, the production planning and control the demand forecast process, its forecasting techniques and the evaluation of errors. Next, demand forecasting processes is presented, as a way to improve the demand forecast identified in the case study and demonstrate the expected outcomes after the implementation of this demand forecast model.
Paralisia cerebral: repercussões no contexto familiar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-07)
Sandor, Elizane Regina Santos
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Dupas, Giselle
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9461883918498554
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4836781036910185
Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a chronic condition that affects the motor development and posture of the child, often accompanied by disorders in speech, hearing, cognition, sensory perception, among others. This situation is responsible for changes and limitations in daily activities of children requiring adaptations by the family that plays a fundamental role in the rehabilitation process of children with CP, and partner and co-responsibility in child care. This study aims to evaluate the experience of families of children with CP treated at an outpatient child and investigate the impact of chronic disease in children in the family context. This is a qualitative study, which adopted the theoretical Symbolic Interactionism (SI). The study site was a specialized unit in the care of children in a midsize city in the interior of São Paulo state. To collect data we used an instrument composed of two parts: the first part consisted in gathering information related to family composition and sociodemographic conditions of the members, the second part featured questions relating to the experience of family in the PC in the family context. The interviews with family members were recorded and transcribed. The content analysis and thematic Bardin, was the technique adopted for data analysis. We apprehend this study that the PC has a significant effect on the family and among those experiences, which leaves the family more un easy is the lack of support emotional/instrumental from professionals and social networking. The study also identifies the urgent need of nursing care to be part of the family of the child with CP in order to add knowledge to the multidisciplinary team and care paid to redeem the family unit.
Estudo biomecânico do processo de aquisição da marcha independente em bebês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-07)
Levada, Giovana
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Costa, Paula Hentschel Lobo da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9083349298690934
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8063912838946205
ABSTRACT The acquisition of independent walking is an important motor milestone and can be considered the greatest biomechanical challenge in infanthood. In the first 5-6 months of independent walking, important transitions appear in all gait parameters. One aspect to take notice is the high level of variability during this acquisition process. Based on these characteristics, this work contributed to better understand the acquisition process of independent walking according to biomechanical variables. A longitudinal study was conducted with three different assessments along a threemonth period. Kinetic and kinematic variables were analyzed. Ten toddlers of 13 months without any neuromuscular disorders participated in this study. The project was approved by the Sao Carlos University Ethics Committee (Number 013/2010). The toddlers were encouraged to walk freely on a 5 meter walkway, keeping natural speed. The Study I verified the variability in the Ground Reaction Forces (GRF) during the assessments. The Friedman s ANOVA did not reveal significant differences in the discrete variables, despite the reduction in the Coefficient of Variation (CV) of the vertical and horizontal components of the GRF. The Study II verified changes in kinematic variables, using spatio-temporal parameters and knee, ankle and hip joint angles. Once again no significant differences were found, however toddlers showed speed and cadence improvements and also reduction in the double support time and stride duration. Moreover, there was an increase in the first wave of the knee flexion. The gait experience acquired during the first threemonths of independent walking to these children was not enough to cause significant changes in the biomechanical variables studied here. However, the progressive reduction in the CV between assessments and the changes in some spatio-temporal parameters suggest progressive gait maturation.
Equivalência de estímulos e generalização recombinativa no seguimento de instruções com pseudofrases (verboobjeto)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-08)
Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870
An important issue in the field of verbal behavior is how a person understands and learns to behave according to verbal commands or instructions. The stimulus equivalence paradigm, as a model of symbolic behavior, may explain the origins of the comprehension of instructions. Following new instructions can result from the recombination of subunits of previously learned instructions. This work reports three studies that investigated questions related to instructional control. In the first two studies, the general objective was to establish pseudo-phrases (action-object) as members of equivalence classes with actions, objects and abstract pictures; and to verify whether, when employed with an instructional function, the pseudo-phrases and the abstract pictures would control the participants responding. Additionally, the studies asked whether participants would follow new (recombined) instructions. The third study investigated whether the overlapping of elements of pseudo-phrases in teaching phase would favor generalized instruction-following. In the studies 1 and 2, twelve of the thirteen participants learned the auditory-visual conditional discriminations among spoken pseudo-phrases and actions presented in videotapes and among the same sentences and abstract pictures. Probes for class formation showed that the same twelve children comprehended the sentences, relating, through equivalence, the pseudo-phrases, the actions and the abstract pictures. Similar performances were observed with the pictures, suggesting that they had been comprehended and that they could work as substitutes for (or equivalent to) oral instructions. However, none of the children followed new (recombined) instructions, although all children responded under partial control of what was previously taught (object or action). In Study 3, four participants learned auditory-visual conditional discriminations (Condition 1) among spoken pseudophrases and videotapes (each showing action-object) and followed oral instructions in the tests of the instructional control, but only one participant followed recombined sentences. Four other participants learned to follow the experimental instructions via execution of the action related to object in the simultaneous presence of the auditory stimulus and of the corresponding videotape (Condition 2), but did not present recombinative generalization. Seven of the eight participants followed new instructions in the pre-test of new training matrixes with overlapping of the elements of the sentences previously learned (that is, their responding was under the control of elements of the compound). As a whole, the results represent a systematic replication of previous results indicating that class formation could promote the comprehension of sentences and facilitate the instruction-following behavior when the sentences are used with instructional function. Regarding the development of stimulus control by subunits of these complex stimuli, the evidences were very fragile, but when it occurred, the recombination was clearly related to systematic training with overlapping of elements in different sentences, thus suggesting the relevance of this procedure as an effective teaching condition.
Elaboração, aplicação e avaliação de uma programação para o ensino informatizado, a futuros professores, de relações condicionais envolvidas na leitura inicial/rudimentar, por meio do procedimento de MTS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-11)
Penariol, Camila Politi
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9027762114335477
According to stimulus equivalence paradigm, reading consists of relations among different classes of stimuli, in which some of these stimuli are directly taught and others are derived from direct teaching. The procedure called Matching-To-Sample (or MTS) is usually used in the construction of methods for teaching academic repertoires such as reading, to diverse populations, based on the stimulus equivalence paradigm. With advances in computer, programs were developed for the implementation of MTS tasks using the computer. These programs are widely used in researches, however, broadening the potential of this technology depends on its use in applied settings such as schools. In this case, an existing question refers to which repertoires are necessary for an individual with no formal training in research and without knowledge about the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the area of Behavior Analysis to implement successfully matching-to-sample procedures to teach children in applied settings, such as school. Thus, from a systematic replication of the study in progress, developed by Oliveira (2010), this study aimed to program and evaluates a teaching program of undergraduate students for the implementation of the computerized procedure Matching-To-Sample through two studies, described below. In Study 1, participants were four undergraduate students. Initially, a set of three stimuli was used to teach participants to: (1) program AC (dictated word-printed word) training; (2) implement AC training; and (3) analyze data performance of the learner. The procedure consisted of teaching demonstration followed by instruction to repeat the demonstration. Verbal praise following correct answers and incorrect answers end of the trial and replay of the demonstration. The performance criterion was 100% correct responses. Later, generalization tests were conducted with three new sets of stimuli. Consequences for performance differentials were removed and the performance criterion was 100% correct answers. Study 2 involving three new participants and modification of the teaching procedure. It was conducted in a manner analogous to that described in Study 1, except as provided below. Before the teaching sessions, sessions were held to baseline: (1) program AC training; (2) implement AC training; and (3) analyze data performance of the learner. The sessions were performed as described in Study 1, except that differential consequences for performance have been removed. After, teaching sessions were introduced with a demonstration followed by instruction to repeat the demonstration. Correct answers were followed by verbal praise and incorrect answers within the "Retry" and a new opportunity to respond, unlike Study 1. Criterion to finish sessions was 100% of correct responses. Next, participants were presented with generalization tests. During testing sessions, there were no scheduled consequences for participant responses. Criterion to finish the session was 100% of correct responses. According to the results of Studies 1 and 2, all participants met criterion in the three phases of training and showed generalization of repertoire to news sets of stimuli. Results showed that the procedure may be used as a sound basis for the development of a program for teachers. The results suggest that the procedure may be efficient to teach teachers to implement Matching-To-Sample procedures, extending the technology derived from Behavior Analysis Applied to applied settings, 4 such as classrooms and schools. Furthermore, this study could leverage future research with similar goals.
Alelopatia e bioprospecção de Rapanea ferruginea e de Rapanea umbellata
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-11)
Novaes, Paula
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Perez, Sonia Cristina Juliano Gualtieri de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973185407856723
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1499847216040850
Allelopathy is a process that involves primary or secondary metabolites produced by plants and microorganisms, which influences the growth and development of agricultural and biological systems. The intensity of plant allelopathic effects may depend on the hábitat, age and the biotic and abiotic conditions during the seasons in which they were collected. When allelopathic substances are purified and identified, they can be used to develop alternative products based on natural compounds to control weed species. The Brazilian savanna (cerrado) has very stressful environment conditions, mainly in dry periods, and should favor a greater variety of allelochemicals in Rapanea ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez and Rapanea umbellata (Mart.) Mez (Primulaceae), which have leaves with resin canals and minute secretory glands, sparse throughout the abaxial surface, that can accumulate terpenes or tannins. This thesis hypothesis is that there must be allelopathic substances in the species of Rapanea to favor their establishment in the savanna and that they should be influenced by seasonal factors or by plant age. Allelopathy occurs by the release of allelochemicals in the environment and these may have economic importance, serving as molecular models for the production of natural herbicides, less harmful to the environment. In the first chapter, we compared the effect of plant age and season of leave collection on the allelopathic activity of aqueous extracts of R. ferruginea and R. umbelata. For this, germination and initial length bioassays were conducted using commercially bioindicator cultivated species (lettuce, tomato and onion) under the influence of the aqueous leaf extracts of adults and young individuals from wet and dry season at 10 and 5% (weight of leaf powder per volume of distilled water, g/mL). The extract of adult R. umbellata collected in the dry season showed the highest allelopathic activity and was chosen for the other studies of this thesis. In the second chapter, we compared the allelopathic activity of leaf aqueous extract of R. umbellata (10 and 5%) with the synthetic herbicide Oxyfluorfen on germination and initial length of weed species: barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L., Poaceae), wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L., Euphorbiaceae) and morning-glory (Ipomoea grandifolia Drammer., Convolvulaceae). In the third chapter, bioprospection, purification and isolation of secondary metabolites of agronomic interest was performed with R. umbellata leaves. Bioassays wheat of etiolated coleoptiles and germination and initial length of cress, lettuce, onion and tomato were performed under the effect of extracts of organic solvents for the direction of the compounds purification. The acetone extract was the most active and therefore was used to be fractionated by chromatographic column. It fractions were purified HPLC and Sephadex column. The isolated and purified compounds were identified by NMR1H and 13C spectra. This thesis results permit we to affirm that allelopathy is one way of the R. ferruginea and R. umbellata species to establish themselves in the savanna. The allelopathic activity of its leaves is influenced to a greater degree by the collection season (most active in dry season) than by plant age. The R. umbellata aqueous leaf extract showed distinct action than the Oxyfluorfen synthetic herbicide, being very active on the root part of the weed species while the synthetic herbicide was more active on the arial parts of these species. The bioprospection of R. umbellata leaves conditioned isolation and purification of the substances lutein and (-)- catechin. (-)-Catechin has the potential to be used as a natural origin and biodegradable herbicide.
Avifauna pantaneira: diálogo de saberes científico e popular em áreas úmidas (São Pedro de Joselândia, Barão de Melgaço, MT)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-11)
Oliveira Júnior, Samuel Borges de
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Sato, Michele
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9264997837722900
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2407762540502071
Presently, the accelerating process of globalization has given a change of values that, unfortunately, affect the daily of Bioregional communities, resulting in both loss of biological diversity as well as cultural diversity of those communities. Thus, this study aims to reveal that the Pantanal s community of São Pedro de Joselândia still has a strong relationship with the environment to which it is inserted, as evidenced by the local culture and resident s knowledge, especially the knowledge about local avifauna, demonstrating also that such knowledge can assist in preparing of bird s inventories made by the scientific community and assist in the recognition of resident s knowledge about the Pantanal wetlands, in relevance of dialogue between local and universal knowledge. The methodology is anchored in the Bioregionalism s theories, which advocate the development of the environment surrounding Bioregional communities, taking into consideration the circumstances and the knowledge of these communities. The results allowed the construction of a local list with 162 species of birds belonging to 56 families. The identifications made by the residents were made visually or by vocalizations of the species, and the classification made in the community is linked to morphology, behavior or vocalization of the species. Furthermore, we identified the ecosystem services of provision related to species that serve as a food supplement for the community, and cultural, related to species with some symbolic relation to the residents. Finally, an educational booklet about the community of São Pedro was produced, together with community residents, showing a bit of everyday life and relationships that residents have with the wetland environment, serving as a return to the community of the results achieved during the research.
Do invisível ao visível: o mapeamento dos grupos sociais do estado de Mato Grosso - Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-11)
Silva, Regina Aparecida da
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Sato, Michele
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9264997837722900
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9329485783404187
xuberant landscape, identities that are at the mercy of the historical indifference and of the hegemonic economy of the agribusiness that advances over the so‐called empty spaces are hidden. In these different environments, a rich cultural mosaic of interacting identities, that many times, are invisible or barely known coexist. With this pseudo‐invisibility, many social groups are not being attended in the elaboration of public policies. An example of this can be noticed in the policies that aim at the territorial management of the State, such as the Ecological Socioeconomic Zoning Project of Mato Grosso that did not support the different social groups that form the mato‐grossense landscape. In the attempt to overcome this fragility and give visibility to this beautiful cultural mosaic, we started in 2008, a daring proposal of building the Mapping of identities and territories of the State of MT , proposed and carried out by the leadership of the Research Group in Environmental Education, Communication and Arts (GPEA) of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT) with the important contribution of several partners. Enrolled in this project, we assumed the commitment of performing the mapping of the social groups of MT, with the aim of identifying and registering the identities of resistance. Based on the triad inhabitants-habits-habitats, we sought to understand the identity of the mapped social groups, their different rationalities and ways of life that limit the characteristics of their territories in an intrinsic relationship between culture and nature. Besides, we seek to understand how the identities of these groups are constructed, destroyed and re‐constructed due to the alterations in the habitats. In this trajectory, we elaborated a methodology called Social Map that used the narratives of the representatives of several social groups, aiming at understanding the essence of the identities that build different meanings and act in the different mato‐grossense biomes. Two seminars of Social Mapping with more than 500 participants from 54 municipalities; were held in 2008 and 2010. There were more than 70 Indigenous representatives of 19 ethnicities, of Maroon communities, pantaneiro peoples, families who were camping, settlers, family farmers, rubber‐tappers, extractivist workers, gypsy communities, affected by dams, people from Araguaia, Morroquian communities, among others. In an ethnographic approach field researches were also carried out. In this becoming of several groups and movements we expose the existence of old and new social protagonists, totalizing 52 social groups /communities/movements that added to 47 Indigenous ethnicities that resulted in a prognostic of 99 mapped identities. In the search for finding space for them, a map of the social groups was made, an important result of this thesis. In this map the identities built in traditional dimensions; of the place of culture and habitat; of labor, work and production; of the driving forces and development; and, of the choices and philosophies of life were shown and circumscribed in the territories. The expectation is that with information provided by this research, there will be subsidies for articulations, partnerships and alliances so that the social groups can be strengthened in their struggle for the protection of the State s ecosystems and be attended by the public policies. The environmental education comes hand in hand in this circle allied to the valuing of culture, in the daring idea of reconstructing the sustainable societies that re‐signify values such as environmental justice, belonging and democracy. There are loose dots and lines, but there is also, a territory of hopes that transcends this tyrant time, rescuing the weavings of the collective dreams.
Desenvolvimento de analisadores automáticos em fluxo para o monitoramento de analitos de interesse farmacêutico utilizando microdispositivo LTCC e um minifotômetro Labmade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-14)
Pessoa Neto, Osmundo Dantas
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6925274393590079
The objective of this study was to develop automatic flow analyzers for the determination of pharmaceutical analytes using a micro-device based on LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics) and a mini-photometer as the detection system. To perform this task, the following devices were developed: 1) A mini-photometer based on RGB-LED (Red Green Blue- Light Emitting Diode) which wavelengths of maximum emission are 465, 525, and 640 nm, respectively, was used as the radiation source. A photodiode (PD) was used as a detector; 2) An optical cell for flowing analysis. A software was developed in graphic language using LabView® 7.0 in order to control and acquire analytical data. The mini-photometer for flowing analysis and software were developed for the determination of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), captopril (CAP), adrenaline (DNA), dopamine (DPN) and ascorbic acid (AAc) in pharmaceutical formulations. First, the mini-photometer was developed and used as a photometric detector. Then, a labmade valve actuator (VA) connected to a computer interface for data acquisition (National Instruments USB 6008) was used to switch on/off the solenoid valves. This interface also enabled to control the mini-photometer as well as the acquisition and processing of transient signals generated in the LTCC. In all determinations, the miniphotometer, the LTCC and the flow system with multicommutation employing threeway solenoid valves were used, except for NAC and CAP where an analyzer with manual injector was used. Solid-phase reactors were also used due to lower reagents consumption. The results from the developed system were compared with reference and validated methods (found in the literature) and there were no significant differences at 95% confidence level. The developed system with LTCC employs low volume of reagents and samples and can be used to determine several analytes in different matrices. applied in any other used (due to), along with a system of universal (able to be applied in any other application in flow) were other good features of this developed system. The good stability and sensibility of the developed mini-photometer (4 x 4 cm) enabled an adequate performance during the determinations.
Avaliação da correlação entre o trabalho essencial de fratura (EWF) e o grau de gelificação de compostos de PVC rígido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-14)
Laurini, Rafael Vilela
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Hage Júnior, Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7475072167427838
Poly(vinyl chloride) or PVC is among the most consumed thermoplastics in the world and has great versatility: A wide range of products, from pipes and rigid window frames to flexible foams, various types of materials such as synthetic leather clothing and flexible sheet can be made from PVC. The mechanical performance of the final product of PVC has direct relationship with the severity of the processing conditions, which can be quantified by the gelation level. This work studied the correlation between the gelation level of rigid PVC samples and the specific essential work of fracture (we), obtained by techniques of analysis of the essential work of fracture (EWF). For this assessment, and in order to control the gelation level, PVC compounds were processed in a torque rheometer, and then molded by compression. Different processing temperatures and two dosage levels in the mixture chamber were used to obtain samples with gelation levels between 2% and 74%, assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). EWF results showed that in PVC samples with low gelation level occur predominantly brittle fracture, while the progressively increasing of gelation level leads to an increasing of ductile portion in the fracture mechanism of the samples. However, samples with excessively high or excessively low gelation levels showed lower we values, when compared to samples with intermediate gelation levels, supported by both industry experiences and results from other researchers, when other techniques were used.
Valoração ecológica de áreas de preservação permanente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-15)
Roncon, Thiago Junqueira
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Beskow, Paulo Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5370208348544496
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7289768261975904
This dissertation uses Emergy Accounting tool, Ecosystem Functional Evaluation and System Ecology approaches to estimate the economic value of Permanent Preservation Areas in São Paulo State, Brazil. Economic values related to natural goods, environmental services and environmental damage were assessed for five case studies located on Serra da Mantiqueira region, which is characterized by semideciduous natural vegetation. This study considered different time period for natural secondary succession: 0, 7, 25, 75 and 200 years. The following natural goods were taking into account for economic valuation: (1) Carbon stock; (2) Decomposers; (3) Nutrients and edaphic structure; (4) Soils and rhizosphere structure; (5) Clay. The economic value in Emdollars (EmUS$) of environmental goods reached 1,180 EmUS$/ha for 0 years time period, 12,922 EmUS$/ha for 7 years, 51,615 EmUS$/ha for 25 years, 182,711 EmUS$/ha for 75 years and 651,520 EmUS$/ha for 200 years. The following environmental services were taking into account for economic valuation: (1) Carbon sequestration and atmosphere chemical composition regulation; (2) Supply of water and soluble minerals to the rivers; (3) Aquifers recharge; (4) Water infiltration; (5 ) Climate regulation; (6) Supplier of food for wild fauna and flora of surrounding ecosystems; (7) Bees pollination, biological control of diseases, increased soil fertility and vegetation productivity of natural ecosystem. The economic value in EmReais (EmR$) of environmental services on natural ecosystem reached 2,181 EmR$/ha.yr for 0 years time period, 4,162 EmR$/ha.yr for 7 years, 4,587 EmR$/ha.yr for 25 years, 4,993 EmR$/ha.yr for 75 years and 4,814 EmR$/ha.yr for 200 years. The x economic value of natural internal areas maintenance were also accounted for: (1) Protection and/or soil formation and soil erosion control; (2) Soil nutrient cycling. These internal services reached 1,257 EmUS$/ha.yr for 0 years, 2,073 EmUS$/ha.yr for 7 years, 2,581 EmUS$/ha.yr for 25 years, 2,984 EmUS$/ha.yr for 75 years and 4,478 EmUS$/ha.yr for 200 years. Finally, the environmental damage identified and evaluated were: (1) Soil erosion processes; (2) Loss of soil structure and edaphic nutrients. Their economic values were 31,832 EmR$/ha.yr for 0 years and 0.0 EmUS$/ha.yr for all other years. All values obtained showed an upward trend according to age of natural secondary succession. Moreover to estimate economic values for environmental services, natural goods and environmental damages, this work shows that the farm s owners whose have natural preserved areas are directly beneficed, as well as society. The indicators obtained in this work highlight the importance of preserved areas with natural vegetation whose economic values should be considered by decision makers for public policies elaboration.
Estudo da dinâmica da solução do solo para o manejo da fertirrigação por gotejamento na cultura do pimentão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-15)
Santoro, Bruno de Lima
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Souza, Claudinei Fonseca
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4858219292242433
Among various systems, the drip irrigation has been increasingly used, mainly because of its greater efficiency in water use. This work aimed to study the dynamics of soil solution, characterizing the distribution and storage of nutrients in the soil solution, and their absorption by pepper through the management of drip fertigation with two flows rates. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located in the Department of Agricultural Science, Unitau. The soil of study is an Oxisol Yellow, medium texture. The crop cycle lasted 120 days. From the readings of TDR probes were possible to estimate water content and soil solution concentration. Thus, the distribution of soil solution was monitored and counted in layers of 0,1m to 0,6 m. The evaluation of root system showed that the treatment of 4 L h-1 had an area of 69,31 cm2, while the treatment of 2 L h-1 had an area of 45,21 cm2. The productivity was 0,19 kg m-2 and 0,27 kg m-2 for 2 Lh-1 and 4 L h-1, respectively, what reinforces the results of nutrients distribution and root system development. It was found that for treatment with the flow rate of 2 L h-1 there was a trend of nutrient loss by percolation, increasing possible contamination of groundwater. The dripper with a flow rate of 4 L h-1 was more efficient at distributing and storing water and nutrients in a soil profile, which improved crop yield.
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos modificados com polímeros condutores e nanotubos de carbono e aplicação na determinação de analitos de interesse farmacêutico em amostras biológicas e em fármacos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-15)
Troiani, Estela de Pieri
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9076749540281154
In this work is reported the studies carried out modified electrodes with poly(1-aminoanthracene) (PAA) and poly(1-aminoanthraquinone) (PAAQ), and composite films from a mixture of polymers with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). These electrodes were used for determination of dopamine (DA), ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) in synthetic and real biological samples; in addition, we performed the determination of norepinephrine (NE) and hydroquinone (HQ) in pharmaceutical samples. In this context, was evaluated the influence of a cathodic pretreatment applied to the modified electrodes by verifying a change in electrochemical properties of the films so that after pretreatment of the PAA electrode showed electrocatalytic response to DA while the PAAQ electrode showed a significant increase in DA response. In this work, PAA and PAAQ films were electropolymerized on platinum electrodes, and their surfaces were characterized by microscopic techniques. PAA film showed DA response only after the cathodic pretreatment, which consisted of applying a potential of −0.7 V for 3 s prior to voltammetric measurements. It was found that the union of CNT, PAA and cathodic pretreatment provided a positive synergy, resolving the overlapping oxidation peaks of DA, AA and UA in three well defined peaks. For the PAAQ film, simultaneous responses of AA, DA and UA, with well-defined oxidation peaks was obtained after application of pretreatment, not requiring the incorporation of CNTs in polymer matrix. Using differential voltammetry, analytical curve for AA, DA and UA were constructed with the composite electrode PAACNT showed detection limits of 39.5, 0.29 e 42.2 μmol L−1, respectively. To the cathodically pretreated PAAQ electrode, detection limits obtained were 25.0, 3.05, e 11.5 μmol L−1 for AA, DA and UA, respectively. xxvi Addition of the CNTs in PAAQ film provided a small increase in DA detection limit in the ternary mixture AA, DA and UA, with a value of 3.23 μmol L−1. Following a procedure was developed for NE analysis, using the square wave voltammetry technique (SWV) and using modified PAA electrode. The analytical curve was linear over the NE concentration range between 2.18 99.6 μmol L−1, with a detection limit of 0.58 μmol L−1. Finally, a procedure was developed for the HQ determination using the modified PAAQ electrode and SWV technique. Under optimized experimental conditions, analytical curve was constructed, the HQ concentration obtained range between 2.97 25.5×10−5 mol L−1 and detection limit equal 2.11 μmol L−1. The proposed methods were applied in biological and pharmaceutical samples, obtaining satisfactory results.
Efeito da modulação laser de baixa intensidade na regeneração de tendões de ratos jovens e adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-15)
Taciro, Charles
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Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8381515141542572
Aging is an important factor related to the predisposition to tendon degeneration, pathological and delayed tissue repair. Several physical therapy modalities are used to promote acceleration and improvement of tendon healing, among them the low-level laser therapy (LLLT), but the real effects of this therapy associated with the development and aging effects are not yet known. The present study evaluated the effects of LLLT, applied on the calcanear tendon repair after total tenotomy on calcaneal tendon of rats in two different ages. Young rats (4 weeks old, n = 56, body mass = 111.3 8.3g), randomly divided into 4 subgroups containing 14 animals: J3J (3J/cm2, 8.5mJ/session, 5.0seg/session), J10J (10J/cm2, 28.3mJ/session, 15seg/session), placebo - JPL (0J/cm2), control - JCL (no treatment) and an adult group (27 weeks old, n = 56, body mass = 385.4 34.3g), randomly divided into 4 subgroups: A3J (3J/cm2, 8.5mJ/session, 5.0seg/session), A10J (10J/cm2, 28.3mJ/session, 15seg/session), placebo - APL (0J/cm2) control - ACL (no treatment). LLLT (685nm, 5.4W/cm2) was applied in 12 sessions, once a day, at a single point on the injury site. On the 13th postoperative day, the animals were euthanized and their tendons were removed. The tendon collagen organization was analyzed by polarization microscopy. The metalloproteinases activity (MMP-2 and MMP-1) was analyzed by zymography, nitric oxide (NO) production was analyzed by Griess method and the concentration of interleukin-1beta (IL-1 ) and interleukin-10 (IL- 10) by ELISA method. The data analysis showed significant (p <0.05) tissue response to LLLT, both age-dependent and dose-dependent, and the results showed major changes to the adult group at 3J/cm2 when compared to other subgroups in the evaluation of IL-1, IL-10 and birefringence, which we can see a potentially inhibitory and stimulatory window.
Tenacificação de polipropileno com elastômeros olefínicos para aplicações com requisitos de transparência ótica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-19)
Bulhões, Carolina Cerqueira Jordão Ribeiro
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Hage Júnior, Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
The polypropylene is a versatile polymer but has lack of impact resistance. The polypropylene toughness is obtained thorugh the adition of elastomers that cause the loss of the blend stiffness. Many studies were performed in order to have the impact modification efficiency for different types of elastomers normally based on ethylene or styrene. The toughness mechanisms were also studied as well as the nucleant uses for minimizing the negative effect on blend stiffness reduction. The polypropylene blend morphology with containing elastomers, normally, presents two phases harming its transparency. Polypropylene is very used for applications where impact resistance is important but also the transparency like rigid packaging. Some studies were about polypropylene toughness in presence of clarifiers trying to get toughness with transparency. This work aims to evaluate the relation between toughness/ transparency of two types of random polypropylenes using different types of olefinics elastomers, ethylene based and propylene based with different density and molecular weight. The elastomers were added in different amounts, 10% and 20% wt. For the blends with PP12, EOC1 and EOC2 presented an excellent toughness/ stiffness balance. Regarding haze, these two elastomers reduced the blends transparency. PAO1 showed the best toughness/ transparency balance. For the blends with PP45, it was seen that EOC2 had the best toughness/ stiffness balance. However its transparency was reduced. PAO1 e PAO2 showed the best balance toughness/ transparency balance.
Diagnóstico dos resíduos gerados em estações de tratamento de água nas bacias dos rios Piracicaba, Capivari e Jundiaí - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-20)
Vilella, Alexandre Luis Almeida
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Cordeiro, João Sergio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4557839102891749
The basins of Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí has a territory of 15,304 square kilometers, about 5.2 million inhabitants, 7% of gross national product. However, the scarcity of water resources threatens all this prosperity. The uses of water have led to conflicts because of its multiple and diverse purposes, which require different quantities and qualities. It is against this background that becomes fundamental to understand the current situation of water supply and waste management from the treatment process. The mobilization of society, awareness of public officials and increase the availability of financial resources for the sanitation sector have provided the municipalities to increase their rates of water treatment, through the construction of new structures and technological innovations, however, has aroused another focus attention to the urgent need for the systemic management of waste from water treatment plants, especially the generation, treatment and disposal of sludge and its actual and potential environmental impacts. This research has made diagnosis of generation under the quantitative aspect of the sludge generated in the 89 water treatment plants operating in 58 cities, and identify some experiences about the management. Through various methodological tools, such as the use of questionnaires for data collection to obtain primary data, the paper presents and discusses information about the current generation of waste, existing experiences regarding the disposal and treatment, and the challenges issue requires to be addressed. The results pointed that 9013.20 tons of monthly dry solids are generated, with prominence the one that 70% of plants in operation don't possess any of measurement of the muds system. The realities, front to the service of the effective legislations, training lack and the managers systemic administration and operators on the theme as well as the need of the integration of the sectorial politics with the operation of the systems of water supply that are the great challenges to be overcome.
Aperfeiçoamento de cultivos de alta densidade celular de rE.coli utilizando glicerol como fonte de carbono
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-20)
Sargo, Cíntia Regina
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Zangirolami, Teresa Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4546701843297248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8592230787138302
Pneumococcal diseases are a major cause of mortality worldwide. New vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae are been developed. The pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is an important pneumococcal virulence factor and a potential vaccine candidate, therefore, a recombinant fragment of PspA gene was cloned into pET37b and the plasmid was inserted into E. coli BL21(DE3) for improved protein production in high cell density cultures (HCDC). Fed-batch is the operational mode most frequently used to obtain high cell density in recombinant E. coli cultures. Before running a high cell density culture (HCDC) of E. coli, it is usually necessary to decide whether to use glucose or glycerol as carbon source in defined or complex media, with IPTG or lactose as inducing agents. Glycerol has outstanding potential as carbon source because its assimilation does not trigger undesirable metabolite formation, even when growth takes place at high rates. However, glycerol is usually simply used as a glucose substitute in media designed for the latter as carbon source. Furthermore, most of the bioreactor induction strategies have been based on a template from molecular biology shake flask expression studies. Here, both batch and fed-batch defined culture medium formulations were modified to improve performance of the process for glycerol as growth limiting substrate. The experiments were carried out in 5 L bioreactor, using an automatically controlled exponential feeding and glycerol as carbon source. The standard defined medium formulation was modified to improve performance of the process for glycerol as growth limiting substrate and induction by both IPTG and lactose was studied. Specific growth rates up to 0.57 h-1, biomass formation yield of 0.56 g DCW/gglycerol and cellular productivities around 6.0 g (DCW)/ L h were achieved in shortened rE. coli HCDC by increasing the thiamine concentration in the medium, adding phosphate salts to the feeding medium and raising the growth phase temperature to 37°C. The performance of lactose as inducer was investigated by implementing an innovative induction strategy, which consisted of addition of a lactose pulse followed by a continuous supply of lactose mixed with glycerol in the feeding solution. The results indicated similar productivity [1.3 g (DCW)/ L h], protein maximum yield (220 mgprotein/g DCW) and concentration (26 gprotein/L) when using IPTG or lactose. These values are significantly higher than some of the best reported in the literature, confirming the efficacy of the proposed biomass formation and protein production strategy. Glycerol showed outstanding performance as carbon source, enabling high growth rates without acetate formation. Together with automatic control of the exponential feeding profile, the cultivation strategy employed resulted in higher rates of cell growth and protein production, leading to shorter cultivations with higher productivities and, consequently, lower production costs. This work is an important contribution to the field of HCDC with glycerol as carbon source and lactose as inducer.
Política e religião: o envolvimento dos católicos carismáticos na política brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-21)
Reis, Marcos Vinicius de Freitas
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Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0706355533898912
The objective of this study is to analyze the political behavior of politicians linked to the Catholic Charismatic Renewal (CCR). The choice of politicians with such religious affiliation was given due to the significant number of adherents, the Catholic Church's support and the national visibility for its events . For this, bills of state and federal deputies have been analysed, to know if their proposals are consistent with their political parties and CCR s interests. The study drew a biographical profile of heir representatives and the reasons that led charismatic Catholics to step into the political arena.
Estudos das enzimas adenosina kinase e hipoxantina-guanina fosforibosiltransferase de Schistosoma mansoni
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-22)
Romanello, Larissa
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Garratt, Richard Charles
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1405100203133067
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7005429030610852
Schistosoma mansoni is the parasite responsible for schistosomiasis mansonica, a disease that affects about 207 million people worldwide, and does not have the purine de novo sinthetic pathway, depending entirely on the purine salvage pathway to supply its demands on purines. Adenosine kinase (AK) and Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) are important enzymes of the purine salvage, the AK directly phosphorylates adenosine into adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and HGPRT is responsible for the reversible phosphorybosylation of hypoxanthine or guanine into IMP or GMP. The purine salvage pathway has been reported as a potential target for developing new drugs against schistosomiasis. The nucleotide coding region of the isoform 2 of AK enzyme was amplified and cloned into pGEM vector and pET28a, the recombinant protein was expressed in E.coli BL21 (DE3), purified in a his-tag nickel-affinity resin and AMP-agarose resin, tested for its activity and crystallized. Two data sets were obtained by X-ray diffraction: a ternary complex of AK2-AMP-adenosine in the MX2 light line of the Synchrotron Light National Laboratory and a binary complex AK2-tubercidin in the rotatory anode X-ray source of the Institute of Physics at Sao Carlos - USP, both at 2.3A of resolution. The nucleotide coding region of the enzyme HGPRT was also amplified, cloned into pGEM and pET28a, which heterologous expression was done in E.coli BL21 (DE3) cells at 18°C and purified on a cobalt his-tag affinitiy resin.
Abordagem para desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis com reuso de software baseado em modelagem específica de domínio e arquitetura orientada a serviços
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-26)
Bellini, Alexandre
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Prado, Antonio Francisco do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2668568143800755
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1221756779664063
This dissertation presents an approach for the development of mobile applications emphasizing software reuse based on domain-specific modeling and Service Oriented Architecture. The approach is divided into two stages: Domain Engineering (DE) and Application Engineering (AE). In DE, a metamodel, services and Transformations for Model-To-Code are constructed. The metamodel expresses the abstract syntax of Domain-Specific Languages (DSL) for a given problem domain and services - known as the Domain Services - meet common requirements of different applications of the problem domain for which the metamodel has been built, and Transformations for Model- To-Code to reduce the development effort since most of the coding tasks can be encapsulated in the transformations. In EA, applications are built by instantiating the metamodel in order to support the modeling and by reusing Domain Services. In addition, the transformations, built in ED, are applied to the models in order to generate most of the application code. The reuse of the artifacts built in ED provides a productivity gain in the development of applications of the problem domain considered. For evaluation purposes, the proposed approach has been instantiated in the HealthCare Domain. An experimentation of this approach, following the experimental methodology, has been conducted in order to evaluate its impact on the efficiency of teams that develop applications for Healthcare Domain. The results showed that the use of the proposed approach has contributed to the reduction of time in developing mobile applications.