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Efeito da própolis sobre o crescimento de bacilos gram-negativos móveis coletados em hortifrutigranjeiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-27) Fabiano, Melina Zuzi; Bernardes Filho, Rubens; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4955439483175452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5448897722493958
Currently there is great concern about the quality and food contamination. All food marketed "in nature" may have some kind of contamination by microorganisms can be or not pathogenic for those who consume them. The contamination can occur throughout the production chain until it reaches the final consumer. In addition to the health problem, contamination can contribute to reducing the shelf life of products "in nature." A product that can act in this chain, improving the hygiene of foods such is propolis, that since ancient times has been used to battle infections. Known as a natural antibiotic is widely used in veterinary and human medicine as well as industries such as food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and others. Propolis is derived from a mixture of plant resins, collected by bees, and its therapeutic action is associated with a high content of flavonoids. In Brazil, the green propolis is considered the that hve best antibacterial efficiency. Thus, this study sought to characterize and identify the action of green propolis, produced in the southern state of Minas Gerais, on gram-negative bacilli collected from horticultural and from results obtained propose a possible form of incorporate extracts of propolis in horticultural production chain for the purpose of cleaning the places where food is transported, stored, and the hygiene of such foods. We evaluated the action of propolis on the bacilli collected by obtaining growth curves in the presence of propolis and the disk diffusion method, with the aim of finding the minimum concentration of propolis extract able to inhibit or delay the growth of these bacilli and that do not change the taste, smell and color of food where the propolis was applied.
Planejamento de inibidores da cruzaína baseado em fragmentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-27) Fonseca, Emanuella Maria Barreto; Montanari, Carlos Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9200533791228786; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1789418915938702
The Chagas disease, described in 1909 by the Brazilian sanitary physician, scientist and bacteriologist Dr. Carlos Chagas, is caused by the Trypanosomatid parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Current treatments involve the use of drugs benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are effective only in the early stage of the disease (acute phase), but have severe side effects. The enzyme cruzain is a validated target for searching small molecules to act against Chagas disease. Cruzain inhibition has been studied for the discovery and development of new drugs. In this work, the planning strategy was based on molecular fragments, using a computational approach for selecting them. Using GRID/CPCA, important residues such as Ser207 and Asp69 were identified in an adjacent cavity to the S2 sub-site of the enzyme. These residues can take part on hydrogen-bond interactions and have not been explored in the search for inhibitors for this target. In addition, we identified patterns of molecular recognition of the enzyme, based on the structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank, which are co-crystallized with inhibitors at the site of the enzyme. These inhibitors were used to guide the search via SMARTS pattern to build a fragment database. Docking and molecular dynamics were used to select the fragments for an in vitro assay. Many fragments were acquired and tested against cruzain using the technique of fluorescence spectroscopy. One fragment (Nequimed147) showed activity, inhibiting the enzyme with IC50 equal to 2.39 mM, resulting in a ligand efficiency of 0.23 kcal mol-1 weight atom-1. Based on this fragment, new inhibitors were identified with IC50 between 1.25 and 4.29 mM. Their ligand efficiencies were in the range of 0.21 and 0.26 kcal mol-1 weight atom-1 whose molecular recognition features are suitable for the search of new enzyme inhibitors likely to bind the cavity near the S2 sub-site that has not been explored yet.
Aprender LE com planejamento e material comunicativos temáticos para desenvolver competência comunicativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-27) Cassoli, Elaine Regina; Barbirato, Rita de Cassia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962819573963727; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1960348348498685
This qualitative, ethnographic-interpretative research aimed at analyzing the development of communicative competence of English Language undergraduate students of a private college in the center-western region of the state of São Paulo during their participation in a Thematic Task-Based Planning for English teaching and learning through classes guided by the use of a theme, the history of Great Britain, and communicative tasks with focus on meaning. The students' perceptions, feelings and how they behave throughout the process have also been investigated in this study. In order to collect the data, the following instruments have been used: initial and final cloze tests, three written evaluations throughout the process, audio recordings of tasks and written production of the tasks which have been previously performed orally and transcribed for analysis, plus questionnaires administered to students in different moments of the course. The framework is based on theoretical studies of theme and taskbased teaching of authors such as: Almeida Filho (1993, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2009); Barbirato (1999, 2005); Bygate, Skehan, Swain (2001); Candlin (1987, 2001); Crandall (1994, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2006); Ellis (2000, 2003); Nunan (1989, 2004); Prabhu (1987, 1990); Skehan (1998, 2001); Skehan, Foster (1997, 1999, 2001); Van den Braden (2006,2008); Willis (1996); Willis, Willis (2007), among others. The analysis has shown that the work combining theme-based teaching and communicative tasks could be an alternative for the teaching and learning of English in the context investigated, where it was previously found that most participants had limited linguistic and communicative competence in the target language. It was also possible to verify that the work with communicative tasks with focus on meaning and based on the theme of the history of Great Britain provided collaborative efforts among the students and opportunities for noticing the form, vocabulary or pronunciation of the target language. The data analysis also showed considerable improvement in the oral proficiency of the students in the target language.
Caracterização química por cromatografia líquida e análise quimiométrica de espécies vegetais de Bauhinia com aplicação em controle de qualidade de amostras comerciais de "pata-de-vaca"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-07-27) Carvalho, Vinicius Augusto Perasolo e; Cass, Quezia Bezerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1274012496361862
Chemical characterization by liquid chromatography and chemometric analysis of Bauhinia species (popularly known as pata-de-vaca ) with applications in quality control of commercial samples. The infusion of leaves from Bauhinia species, is commonly used in the treatment to combat various diseases, among them diabetes. Studies show that B. forficata species possesses the most hypoglycemic activity among the species of the genus. However, due to the extreme morphological similarity between its leaves in comparison to other species , occasionally the popular use in the decoction of leaves is improper. Thus, it is necessary to develop methods of quality control of herbal drugs, in order to certify the authenticity of them. The chemical profiles (fingerprints) obtained by chromatographic analysis of plant extracts, brings a large amount of information, providing multivariable systems that can be used as a good parameter for quality control. The present study reports the separation optimization of the constituents obtained from aqueous extract on Bauhinia species by gradient elution on reverse phase. The chromatograms were first aligned using the MatLab® software and the COW algorithm (Correlation Optimized Warping) and after, the chromatograms were subjected on exploratory chemometric analysis Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and used to create models for supervised chemometric classification (KNN, SIMCA and PLS-DA) performed using the Pirouette® software. 170 chromatograms of extracts obtained from leaves of botanically identified trees from three different species - B. forficata, B. longifolia and B. variegata - were used on analysis by PCA and HCA, which allowed the visualization of the distribution of 15 commercial samples of "pata-de-vaca". Those samples were also analyzed using the supervised classification models, and among them, 3 were classified as B. forficata, 6 were classified as B. longifolia and 5 of them were classified as B. variegata. For one of the samples it was not possible to classify its species due to large difference among the determinations obtained from the three distinct analytic tools