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Programa Escolas Bilingues de Fronteira : das generalizações do documento às especificidades da fronteira entre Foz do Iguaçu e Puerto Iguazu
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-27) Oliveira, Renata Alves de; Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7242082462566358
The purpose of this research comes from the interest in studying the Bilingual Border Schools Program PEBF, which aim is to promote the teacher s exchange between Brazil and Argentina, to teach Portuguese to Argentinean children and Spanish to Brazilian children in the border communities. Thus, was made an interpretative analysis of the document entitled Bilingual Border Schools Program Model of common teaching in border schools, from the development of a program for the intercultural education, emphasizing the Portuguese and Spanish teaching, established by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Argentina (MECyT) and Ministry of Education of Brazil (MEC) and published in March, 2008, intending to investigate the generalization employed by the premise that Argentinean children show a reasonable level of Bilingualism , seemed that they understand the Portuguese well, on the other hand, the majority of Brazilian children is highly monolingual . Therefore, was tried to make a reflexive revaluation about the PEBF participant children s bilingualism development, having as a direction the conception of the program participant teachers reported on this document trying to comprehend how the children are represented in the official regulation of the program. After that, external data was collected in the pair-schools CAIC Adele Zanotto e Escuela Bilíngue n° 2 which belong to Foz do Iguaçu City PR in Brazil and Puerto Iguazu, Misiones in Argentina, respectively, with the intention of verify whether the document generalization is applicable to project participants from this region, which has distinct geographical formation than others twin cities of the program. At first, was realised that the definition of bilingualism isn t concrete enough and the Program development context shows characteristics very peculiar that must be considered for doesn t make much of a community in detriment to other based on apparent data. It was possible comprehend that the generalization in respect of the differences in the bilinguality levels of Brazilian and Argentineans students is not totally applicable to the students of the project in the Foz do Iguaçu and Puerto Iguazu area, once that all students, Brazilian and Argentinean, were evaluated by the same way, and the school community content from each country is historically composed differently. It was observed ,too, that the teachers reproduce the document speech, confirming the data that the Argentinean children develop the bilinguality easier due to a higher exposure to Portuguese, while Brazilian children are less exposed to Spanish, because of fluvial border between Foz do Iguaçu and Puerto Iguazu as well as a series of socioeconomic influences which aggregate bigger prestige to Portuguese in this area, revealing a adverse context for the bilinguality development for the Brazilian students. Hence, it was found that the social duty of languages in the Brazilian and Argentinean communities interferes directly on the participants performance of the project and, consequently, enforces the children s representation showed by documentation published in 2008.
Avaliação do tratamento com anticorpos monoclonais: anti-CTLA4 (9H10) e anti- CD28 (PV-1) na esquistossomose mansônica murina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-27) Souza, Laís Cristina de; Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2916120654952183
Schistosomiasis mansoni is a major problem affecting public health, according to World Health Organization (WHO), 210 million individuals worldwide. In the infected host, the disease is characterized by the presence of granuloma, immunopathological outcome of the cellular infiltrate and in many cases a consequence of tissue fibrosis. Thus, the host-parasite relationship may lead to morbidity from the disease result in hepatosplenomegaly, hepatic fibrosis and ascites. The granulomatous process in schistosomiasis is dependent on CD4 + and requires recruitment and accumulation of inflammatory cells at the site of deposition of eggs. Schistosomal fibrosis is the result of granulomatous reaction that develops in response to antigens released by eggs of Schistosoma mansoni retained in the portal veins of smaller caliber. A host of disease caused by S. mansoni is mediated by the immune response by T cells through the dissemination of eggs that are housed in the liver and intestine. Manipulation of the interaction between B7 molecules of antigen presenting cells (APC) and T cell receptors CD28/CTLA4 modulate, and in some circumstances block the immunological response in vivo. The CTLA4 is structurally homologous to CD28 but is expressed in CD4 + and CD8 + newly activated, and its function is to inhibit T cell activation by inhibiting the signals released by CD28. Thus, CTLA4 is involved in the completion of T cell responses The way in which the two receptors release opposite signs and recognize the same molecule B7 of APC is an intriguing question and a matter of research. Coestimulatory these signals may have different roles in various types of immune response. Thus the treatment strategy of using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) anti-CTLA4, anti-CD28 in murine schistosomiasis was to evaluate the modulation of inflammatory response and parasite-induced S. mansoni as CTLA4 and CD28 were blocked. Our results showed that treatment with (mAb) anti CD28 and CTLA4 molecules coestimulatory favored changes in the number of leukocytes, modulations in the levels of circulating antibodies, cytokines, and the response profile of T helper (Th) and change in the parasitic activity. Our data showed that the reduction of parasite burden was 21.3% in the group treated with anti-CTLA4 mAb and 46.2% in the group treated with anti-CD28. Suggesting that these treatments should be considered interesting candidates for immunotherapy and for further investigation, since it is necessary to better understand the response of these molecules in schistosomiasis mansoni that when blocked or did not show the hypothetical anti-parasitic and anti-inflammatory activity in this model.
Catalisadores à base de ferro, vanádio e molibdênio suportados em titanatos lamelares e TiO2 comercial na aplicação da reação de NO com NH3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-10-27) Grosseli, Guilherme Martins; Urquieta-González, Ernesto Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8758982764260394; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2389975677904655
The minimization of emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is a subject of great interest because they cause serious environmental problems affecting human health, flora and fauna. To break down the NOx catalytic reduction of these compounds to N2 has acquired great importance and may occur in the absence or presence of a reducing agent. The selective catalytic reduction using ammonia as a reducing agent (NH3-SCR) has been shown to be one of the most attractive, being used worldwide to control NOx emissions by industries due to its high efficiency, selectivity and low cost. To obtain more efficient catalysts for this reaction, several studies have been developed. In this context, the objective of this work is to prepare, to wet impregnation, catalysts based on vanadium, molybdenum and iron supported on commercial TiO2 and lamellar titanates (TL) with high (A-TL) or low-sodium (B-TL), and apply them to the reduction of NO with NH3.It was also studied the effect of calcination temperature in titanates with low sodium content. Results of XRD and adsorption of N2 measurements confirmed the formation of TL mesoporous structure and high specific surface area. After the addition of metal to TiO2 and TL, it was observed a significant decrease in the values of specific surface areas, attributed to the filling of pores by metal oxides. The RTP-H2 showed lower reducibility of metals supported on the lamellar titanates and commercial TiO2 support. The catalysts supported TL with high sodium content showed lower catalytic activity compared to commercial catalysts . However, the catalysts supported on titanates with low sodium content showed promising results in the conversion of NO to N2. The catalysts Fe2O3/TiO2 Fe2O3/B-TL showed loss of activity in the presence of SO2, which partially regenerates in the absence of the compound. In the presence of water, both catalysts showed a decline in the conversion, With the removal of H2O the Fe2O3/TiO2 showed partial regeneration, while the Fe2O3/B-TL suffered irreversible deactivation.