Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2011-11-22"

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Síntese, caracterização e deposição sobre óxido de grafeno de nanopartículas de óxido de índio dopado com estanho (ITO)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-22)
Firmiano, Edney Geraldo da Silveira
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Leite, Edson Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6561798806148030
In this study, in the first step, Indium tin oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via a non-aqueous route involving the solvothermal treatment of indium (III) acetylacetonate and tin (IV) chloride in polyethylene glycol Mw=1000. The use of microwave heating reduced the reaction time considerably when compared to traditional heating methods. An analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed particles of relatively uniform sizes and shapes. The high crystallinity of the material was observed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The nanocristal size founded by count was 5,1nm. A powder X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that all the materials were crystalline. Infrared spectra confirmed the presence of organic material on the nanoparticle surface. By thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) determined that 11.3% of the total mass corresponds to the polymer. Resistivity values below 10-1 Ω.cm were obtained in thin films and pellets, and semiconductor behavior. In the second step, a model to control the covered area of graphene oxide (GO) sheets by ITO nanoparticles was proposed. The method used was add graphene oxide at the synthetic route to obtain pure ITO. The composites were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TGA and TEM. XRD results for the synthesized materials confirmed the diffraction patterns of ITO in the different composites synthesized. Through the analysis of FT-IR was possible confirm the presence of the polymer formed on the surface of the oxide nanoparticle and functional groups of graphene oxide sheets. The polymer attached on the oxide surface is responsible for the strong interaction between the ITO and graphen oxide sheets. TEM images for the samples with different cover percentage showed the controller achieved with the synthesis proposed. The composite with 100 or 10% of metal oxides covering the sheets surface did not show the presence of nanocrystals out sheets. The percent value of the covered area obtained of 15% founded by image J analisys is near to the calculated value. From this value we can say that the model works well to control the covered area of GO by nanocristals. The electrical resistivity values found are comparable to the pure ITO, however, with a smaller amount of ITO.
Avaliação da expressão transiente do gene da glicoproteína do vírus da raiva (RVGP) em células de inseto da linhagem Drosophila melanogaster S2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-22)
Patiño, Sandra Fernanda Suárez
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Mendonça, Ronaldo Zucatelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0886073943430823
Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease caused by a virus of the genus Lyssavirus that affects several species of mammals. Rabies remains a global public health threat that kills more than 55,000 people per year mainly in developing countries, this disease once established do not have a specific treatment. The RV envelope is composed of a glycoprotein, known as a unique antigen capable of conferring immune response against the rabies, and therefore, is the focus of research for development an efficient and safe recombinant vaccine based on this viral antigen. Cell line stably transfected S2 Drosophila melanogaster have been used in the production of many heterologous proteins and has been studied for the production of the rabies virus glycoprotein (RVGP) in our laboratory. This approach involves the selection of high producing cell populations; procedure that requires considerable periods of time (months), increasing management and costs of production. In this sense, in recent decades, many systems focused on the expression of heterologous proteins by transient expression of genes, were analyzed because they allow obtaining significant quantities of recombinant protein in a short period of time (weeks). For the use of transient transfection technology can be found a variety of methods and available agents, such as electroporation, cationic lipids, cationic polymers and calcium phosphate precipitated. The choice and optimization of each of them depends mainly on the cell type and protein being expressed. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the transient expression of the glycoprotein gene of rabies virus (RVGP) in insect cells of Drosophila melanogaster S2 lineage, evaluating the vehicles transfection: calcium phosphate, cationic lipid (Cellfectin) and cationic polymer (ExGen500 and JetPEI). In order to determine the most efficient transfection agent, experiments were performed in 6 well plate and bottle of 100 mL of culture, which analyzed the influence of cell density, the concentration of DNA and transfection reagent volume on the expression of RVGP assessed by ELISA and fluorescence microscopy. Yields ranging from 50-90 ng/107cel were obtained in different experiments on multiwell plate, suggesting strong effect of ratio DNA: transfection agent used. Comparison of transfection agents showed no significant differences. In transfections made in suspension culture was analyzed the effect of the plasmid (whether or not the signal of BiP cell secretion) on the expression RVGP. When we used the plasmid containing the signal BiP (pMTiRVGP) were obtained 160 ng/107cel of RVGP production, and 200 ng/mL of volumetric production without significant differences between the different transfection agents. However, significant differences were found when we used the plasmid not containing the signal BiP (pMTRVGP), with the RVGP production was 60 ng/107cells in cells transfected with Cellfectin, ExGen500 and calcium phosphate, except in cells transfected with JetPEI was reached a production of 120 ng/107cells. In preliminary experiment bottle type "spinner" with a working volume of 60 mL were achieved expressions of 140 ng/107cel of RVGP in cells transfected with JetPEI and calcium phosphate. This suggests that optimization of culture conditions and transfection are possible to increase recombinant protein expression in cultured on a large scale.
O número de Milnor de uma singularidade isolada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-24)
Oréfice, Bruna
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Tomazella, João Nivaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0051564735964760
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6824383277098012
Given (X; 0) C (CN; 0) a weighted homogeneous germ of hypersurface with isolated singularity and f : (CN; 0) - C a germ of function finitely determined with respect to X, we show that UBR(f;X) = U(f) + U(X; f), where U(f) and U(X; f) denote the Milnor numbers of f and of the fiber X \ f��1(0), respectively, and UBR(f;X) is the Bruce-Roberts number of f with respect to X. We show that the logarithmic characteristic subvariety, LC(X), is Cohen-Macaulay and we get relations between the Bruce-Roberts number and the Euler obstruction. Given F : (CN; 0) ! Mm;n(C) a holomorphic function germ, let (X; 0) be the isolated determinantal singularity given by X = F-1(Ms m;n(C)) where Ms m;n(C) is the set of the complex matrices with rank less then s, with s an integer number between 0 and minfm; ng such that N < (m - s + 2)(n - s + 2), we will define the vanishing Euler characteristic of (X; 0) and the Milnor number of a holomorphic function germ with an isolated singularity at X, f : (X; 0) - C.
Ressonância magnética nuclear ultrarrápida: implementação, desenvolvimento e aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-24)
Queiroz Júnior, Luiz Henrique Keng
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Ferreira, Antonio Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3676462220401452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5071272851467384
This work highlights the implementation, development and application of the Ultrafast Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (UFNMR) technique, proposed by Frydman and co-workers. Through this technique, it is possible to perform multidimensional experiments in a single scan, thus reducing the experiment time drastically, which can be a fraction of second. This study shows a practical protocol, which was optimized for the implementation of the first ultrafast 2D NMR COSY and HSQC experiments performed in Brazil and, to our knowledge, in the southern hemisphere. This process involves the setting of several parameters from the initial calibration of encoding gradients and pulses, to the setting of a specific acquisition scheme required by the technique. Furthermore, some important operational aspects are discussed in order to contribute, even more, to future implementations to be carried out safely and efficiently. Also, as part of this study, a software in C language was developed to obtain the real-time processing (1 second) of the UF-NMR data, and this was incorporated in the Bruker software for the acquisition and processing of NMR data - TopSpin® version 3.0. Finally, two studies were also performed using the UF-NMR experiments. The first one was the real-time identification of a mixture of flavonoids (epicatechin, naringenin and naringin), which underwent on-flow chromatographic separation, in a commercial HPLC-NMR system. UF-COSY experiments were performed during the chromatographic run, so that it was possible to obtain the 2D NMR spectra related to each flavonoid and to successfully follow their separation over the course of time. The second application was the monitoring of the hydrolysis reaction of the 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3-dioxolane acetal. The hemiacetal intermediate of this reaction has a short lifetime, being difficult to identify by conventional NMR. Therefore, HSQC-UR experiments were performed during the reaction development, thus, it was possible to characterize the presence of the hemiacetal intermediate. This assignment was confirmed by quantum calculation of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts and of the NBOs (Natural Bonding Orbital).
A evolução das atividades experimentais em livros didáticos de Química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-25)
Arthur, Thalita
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Yonashiro, Massami
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9613820441948515
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3878244792089070
The objective of this study was to investigate the evolution of experimental activities presented in textbooks on chemistry from Brazil Empire until the present. The experiments are analyzed in books from the Library of Textbooks of College of Education at USP / SP, dating from 1875 to 2010. For the analysis of experiments, the books were divided into 6 (six) periods: 1875 to 1930, from 1931 to 1941, from 1942 to 1960, from 1961 to 1970, 1971-1996 (SCHNETZLER, 1978), from 1997 to 2010. With the exception of the first period, the criterion adopted was the time of utilization of the first Brazilian chemistry textbook; others refer to periods of validity of the major Brazilian educational reforms. When relating the experimental approach to the current legislation, there is consistency between the proposal and what fits in the books and also closely related to the historical moment. Through the analysis of the experiments we observed three different approaches: demonstrative, empiricist-inductivist and investigative. The experimental investigative activities are highlighted in the books of the last period.
Reconversão de habitus: o advento do ideário de investimento no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-25)
Leite, Elaine da Silveira
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Grün, Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7187331231544047
The Brazilian economic scenario at the beginning of the twenty first century presented a reasonable growth of the stock market. The Brazilian capital market reached impressive valuations. The growth of this scenario is strongly linked to and popularized by financial self-help market, which involves books and lectures that are elaborated by financial advisor. This research aims to analyze and to map these agents and their strategies employed to invite new individuals to markets circuits, encouraging them to become investors. However, it was possible to verify a cultural niche , embeddedness in a familialism ethic. Thus, it evidence that the financial world have been gained legitimacy because it has operated as a kind of moral device, being recurrent in the neopentecostal pastors speeches, and through financial education, it conducts social policies that reached low-income sectors, bringing cognitive and symbolic implications for the Brazilian society.
Desempenho produtivo, eficiência digestiva e perfil metabólico de juvenis de tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818), alimentados com diferentes taxas carboidrato/lipídio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-26)
Almeida, Luciana Cristina de
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Moraes, Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9294262709549543
Increase of dietary lipid and carbohydrate with concomitant reduction of protein level is a promising prospect to suply the fish energetic demand and to spare dietary protein to the growth. Study of digestive enzymes secretions combined with growth parameters and metabolism can help solve many nutritional problems in the aquaculture. The aim of this work was investigating growth, digestive efficiency and metabolic responses of juvenile tambaqui (Colosssoma macropomum) fed with 3 carbohydrate/lipid ratios (CHO/L): 30,5/13,7% (diet I); 40,5/9,1% (diet II); 50,0/4,8% (diet III). The diets were isoenergetic and isoproteic. The experiment was carried out in the facilities of the Adaptive Biochemistry Laboratory, Genetics and Evolution Department at Federal University of São Carlos. The following parameters were assayed: fish growth, digestives enzymes (unspecific proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, unspecific lipase, amylase and alkaline phosphatase), metabolites (glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ammonia, protein, fat acids, triglycerides, amino acids and glycogen), and the enzymes LDH, MDH and GDH. Fish fed with the diet II presented the highest values of weight gain, length gain, relative food-intake ratio, and condition factor. However, fish fed with diet III depicted the worst performance and the lowest HIS when compared to fish fed with other diets. Tambaqui digestive enzymes were responsive to dietary carbohydrate/ lipid ratios. Fish from diet III showed significantly reduction of alkaline phosphatase activity and T/C ratio; moreover showed increased of lipase activity (in all gastrointestinal tract) and amylase activity (stomach and anterior intestine). In relation to metabolism, it was detected lipolysis in livers in accordance with the increase of the dietary CHO/L ratio. Muscular glycogenesis, lipolysis and gluconeogenesis from amino acids to energetic supply were observed in fish fed with higher dietary CHO/L ratio. The plasma metabolic profile reflected the blood metabolite delivery function among tissues underlining biochemical adaptations due to alterations in the fish feeding. In conclusion, dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios induced digestive enzymes of tambaqui. The increase of CHO/L ratio resulted in fish growth decrease, augmented the liver lipolysis, increase the muscular glucogenesis, lipolysis and the gluconeogenesis. The fish metabolism seemed to be predominantly lipolitic suggesting that, in this species, lipids are more efficiently used to energy storage than carbohydrates. Diet III deprived the fish of energy resource resulting in protein utilization for this purpose. Tambaqui spared protein to growth utilizing mainly carbohydrate and lipid when fed with diet II.
Conflitos e integração entre marketing e logística na definição do nível de serviços em vendas e distribuição de produtos: um estudo de caso na indústria de bebidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-28)
Fernandes Júnior, Aldo
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9659104632417588
Beverage industries in Brazil are in pursuit of improvements in customer services to fulfill the new marketplace needs, taking into consideration both the change in consumer, habits which now show a preference for healthier goods, and the recent growth in all social economic levels. The services that need more attention are the sales and distribution departments. The former because it is trying to improve the service level to adjust to the new reality, the latter because it faces the challenge of optimizing and properly playing its role in terms of performance and cost effectiveness. Considering that improvements in sales service levels may result in a worse performance and higher distribution costs, conflict between the areas are probable and expected, especially when each one is trying to improve results individually. The service level in sales within the beverage industry could be divided into components, for example: weekly visit frequency, visit duration, weekdays for visiting clients and deadlines for delivering the goods. The primary objective of this study is to verify two hypotheses: (a) whether the manner in which sales functions are organized affects performance and costs in beverage distribution and, (b) in that case, to which degree it quantitatively affects the company s expenses. In other words, to verify that service levels defined by the sales planning team and offered to clients directly reflects the performance and delivery cost for each service level component, with an associated specific cost. Once this cost aggregation is proved, the intention is to analyze and quantify it. In order to validate these hypotheses, a case study is developed in a typical beverage company in Brazil, which has already defined their new service levels without considering its effect on performance and distribution costs. As a consequence of these actions, the studied company had observed a significant rise in these costs and to revert the situation, has considered new alternatives to balance the sales service levels, regarding delivery costs and distribution performance. The company then decided to support the development of a technique known as territory compacting, aiming to improve logistics performance and reduce distribution costs while service levels remain unaffected. Among the precautions adopted to avoid possible service level deterioration, the studied company monitored client perception related to its distribution effectiveness, before and right after the territory compacting was implemented in the most relevantly attended city. Using the technique named Correspondence Analysis, client perception was then rated for various specific sales service levels to avoid damaging the most valued ones for each client. Main operational indicators in sales and distribution are also compared, taking into consideration variations of different periods in cities where territory compacting was applied. Bearing in mind the nature of this study and the participation of the research author, this case study can be sub-classified as action research.
Um modelo de simulação discreta para analisar o sistema integrado de colheita de cana-de-açúcar e aproveitamento de biomassa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-28)
Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
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Costa, Miguel Antonio Bueno da
Brazil is one of the greatest sugarcane producers of the world, with figures that exceeds 620 million tons in 2010/2011 harvest season. There is an expectation of strong increase of Brazilian sugarcane production in next years due to increase in sales estimulated by the low production cost of sugar and alcohol and also the increase of the internal and external demands for ethanol, in substitution to fossil fuels. At the same time, environmental issues led the publication of a specific legislation that established a schedule to the next years to stop sugarcane burning previous to hand cutting, a traditional activity. This legal restriction brought a new scenario, as an increasing amount of biomass, that used to be burnt, will be available for other uses such as ethanol extra production, by technologies still in development or to energy generation, similar to what is done with bagasse (by means of cogeneration). Independent of its use, sugarcane and its biomass processing configures a complex operation as big volumes of materials are handled using high cost equipment which a high interaction among them. Several systems can be configured to do this task, varying equipments and settings of the operations performed by them. The selection of equipment and operational proceedings is one of the main tasks of managers at sugarcane mills. In order to help in decision taking situations, in this study, a discrete event simulation model was designed and modeled to represent sugarcane harvesting systems with biomass recovery. Conventional sugarcane harvesting and partial cleaning sugarcane harvesting were represented in a unique simulation model, as well as the correspondent alternatives of biomass recovery and delivery at mills. The operational characteristics of these systems were previously set in the model and can be modified through electronic spreadsheets, interfaced with the simulation model that manages the input and output of data. Field tests were done to evaluate equipment performance and generate data to the simulation model, which was used in two studies. In the first study, three sugarcane harvesting and biomass recovery systems were simulated using the data collected at each field test, representing those systems differently, under their own observed conditions. In the second study, the three systems were again compared, however, under the same conditions, with the same set of assumptions, in order to permit their comparison in equal basis. All scenarios considered a typical mill operation that processes two million tons of sugarcane per harvest season. The simulation model enabled the evaluation of the selected systems considering sugarcane and biomass production as well as their economic evaluation.
Os efeitos dos slogans nos discursos da educação e o silêncio que significa: leitura dos editoriais dos jornais Folha de S. Paulo e O Estado de S. Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-28)
Silva, Adriana
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Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8873260201611557
Folha de S.Paulo and O Estado de S.Paulo newspapers were sources of a study about the presence of slogans in educational speeches. This research asserts that communication by slogans damages the understanding of the message that is intended to be conveyed because once it´s effective, slogans cease the debate and damage the reflection about the theme that is being discussed. It can be concluded that the slogan “Education to everyone gave place to “Education with quality”, but it also alerts that the sense of quality presented itself as related to the idea that education is meant to make people able to find jobs. As the newspapers alert, once they are businesses, they are ideologically related to the market and when they choose to announce a specific piece of news, they automatically obscure another that, by being kept in silence, also symbolizes, in this research, the silence of education that combats reifying.
Efeito da transecção do ligamento cruzado anterior na expressão de genes de atrofia no músculo quadríceps de ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-28)
Delfino, Gabriel Borges
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Salvini, Tânia de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1004379121741653
The quadriceps muscle weakness and atrophy after the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, is present before and after its reconstruction, and are important limitations that restrict the return of subjects to activities of daily living and sports. The combination of reduced synthesis and increased levels of protein degradation results in a rapid loss of muscle protein. The rapid muscle proteolysis occurs in several animal models and in different conditions in humans, and are mainly associated to the ubiquitn proteasome system (UPS). Neuromuscular mechanisms are associated with atrophy and weakness of the quadriceps muscle after ACL rupture and reconstruction, but the molecular pathways involved in this process are unknown. The identification of these pathways may facilitate the establishment of therapeutic strategies to alleviate the muscle deficit. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of ACL transection of rats in the expression of genes of UPS (MuRF-1, Atrogina-1), as well as the expression of myostatin (involved in control of muscle mass) by the Real Time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique. It was evaluated the content of ubiquitinated proteins by Western blotting and the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers (CSA) of the vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) of the quadriceps. Elevated Atrogin-1, MuRF-1 and myostatin mRNA levels were observed after ACL transection in all muscles assessed, as the reduction of CSA in VM and VL muscles. The results of this thesis contributed to the understanding of the mechanisms of quadriceps muscle atrophy after ACL transection.
Identificação e análise de fatores críticos de sucesso em projetos de bens de capital com tipologia "Engineering-to-order"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-28)
Pacagnella Júnior, Antônio Carlos
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Silva, Sérgio Luis da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4164265591178698
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141602660811310
Projects of capital goods with Engineering-to-Order (ETO) productive typology are usually complex due to its size and level of customization and technology. Because of these aspects the achievement of success demands a management effort and can be conditioned by several elements, among which are the Critical Success Factors (CSF). In this sense, the proposal for this research involves the identification and analysis of the relationship of these factors with the success obtained in ETO projects using a multidimensional concept that involves efficiency, organizational learning, preparing for the future and customer satisfaction. From these principles a survey was conducted involving 67 companies and 182 projects with above characteristics. Data analysis was initially performed by the technique of Factorial analysis, whose results led to combine 38 Critical Success Factors identified in the literature on 12 new factors with better ability to explain the observed phenomenon, namely: Uncertainty management, Organization and Planning, Productivity management, Robustness of the team, Management of technical performance, Learning and adaptation, Integration with external stakeholders, Reliability of the team, Schedule optimization, Precaution against technical failures, Guidance capacity and Precaution against supply failure. These new factors led to an analysis by multinomial logistic regression technique, which identified significant factors to explain each of the success dimensions. For the efficiency dimension this factors are Planning and organization, Reliability of the team, the Guidance capacity, Integration with external stakeholders, the Technical performance management and Schedule optimization, to the extent organizational learning are the optimization schedule, Productivity management and Precaution against technical failure. To the preparing for the future dimension this factors are the Management of the technical performance, the Reliability of the team, Schedule optimization, the Precaution against technical failures, the Learning and adaptation, and the Organization and Planning, the Guidance capacity. For the customer satisfaction are the Reliability of the team, the Learning and adaptation, Precaution against failure of supply, Organization and planning, Precaution against technical failures and Contingency management. Thus, from a scientific standpoint, the results obtained in this thesis extends the understanding of the topic studied and provide from the managerial point of view a framework that can guide and support decision making by managers of this type of project.
Efeito da inflamação articular sobre o músculo esquelético: avaliação morfológica e molecular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-29)
Ramirez, Liliana Carolina Ramirez
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Salvini, Tânia de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2618210083336317
The joint inflammation is a frequent cause of activity limitation in daily life of the population. Usually, this condition also affects the muscles that are functionally related to the inflamed joint. The possible relationship between joint inflammation and the expression of genes related to muscle atrophy, differentiation and growth and muscle mass control in muscles functionally related to the inflamed joint, has not been studied. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of the tibiotarsical joint inflammation, induced by carrageenan, on the expression of genes related to muscle atrophy (atrogin-1 and MuRF-1), growth and differentiation (MyoD), muscle mass regulation (myostatin), and proinflammatory factors (p38MAPK, NFkB and TNF-alpha); and the expression of TNF-alpha protein in the tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus rat muscle. Changes in the muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) were also evaluated. Wistar rats were randomly divided into four periods (2 days, 7 days and 15 days) and were assigned into four groups within each experimental period: Control, Sham, Inflammation and Immobilization. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunofluorescence and muscle fiber CSA analyses were performed. The joint inflammation altered the mRNA levels of genes related to muscle atrophy, growth and differentiation, muscle mass regulation and proinflammatory factors in TA and soleus rat muscle after 2, 7, and 15 day. The joint inflammation increased the TNF-alpha protein expression only in the TA muscle at 7 days. The muscle fiber CSA was reduced in the TA at 7 days and, in the soleus muscle at 7 and 15 days. In both muscles TA and soleus, acute joint inflammation was able to stimulate the molecular pathway related to muscle atrophy with no reduction in AST fibers. Conversely, the chronic joint inflammation led to a differential response according to the muscle studied. In the TA muscle, the muscle fiber CSA reduction was related to the proteolytic pathway, while in the soleus, the muscle atrophy occurred without overexpression of genes related to the classical proteolysis pathway. These results suggest that, in soleus muscle, the atrophy could be mediated by other pathway than the ubiquitin-proteasome; suggesting the importance of the decreased protein synthesis in the reduction of protein content in the skeletal muscle. In addition, joint effusion also induced changes in gene expression, although without changes in the muscle fiber CSA. The results of this thesis have clinical relevance and indicate the importance of therapeutic interventions with the attempt to reduce the deleterious effects on muscles related to an inflamed joint.
As redes do conhecimento tradicional: análise do "Caso Cupulate"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-29)
Duran, Maria Raquel da Cruz
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Rigolin, Camila Carneiro Dias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388584081961836
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6803550106491499
This word was carried out in order to understand the different interpretations of the term "traditional knowledge" plays in the specific aspect of the relations between traditional knowledge, cultural heritage and intellectual property. Considering that cultural heritage involves the preservation and exaltation of a people or nation as a whole, maintenance and care of the identity of incorporation to expand the concept of culture. And the intellectual property rights involve both copyright and industrial property as those relating to protection of plant varieties and plant breeder rights - that is, assigning intellectual property rights to those who get new plant varieties and/or improvement of them - and therefore, the sustainable management of technical nature; specifically, we study such meanings from two dimensions: a) the construction of the international regulatory framework, in which two distinct networks of actors competing for establishing their perspective as guiding future legal instruments (traditional knowledge as intellectual property and traditional knowledge heritage x intangible cultural), b) the analysis of an empirical case, in which these two meanings were compared - it is the "Case Cupulate", held in mid-2000 which involved the legal challenge of a Japanese patent for a product derived a species native of Brazil.
Desenvolvimento de tecnologia para extração e recuperação de polihidroxialcanoatos obtidos a partir da sacarose de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-30)
Mantelatto, Paulo Eduardo
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Giulietti, Marco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7703659740618915
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0438514538015348
The main objective of this study was to contribute to the development of a competitive and sustainable process to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA's) from the fermentation substrate sucrose cane sugar. The study involved the technical and economic evaluation of extraction, recovery, purification and drying of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate from biomass sludge produced for Cupriavidus necator, using as solvent 3-methyl-1-butanol (IAA - 2nd generation) and isoamyl propionate (IAP -3nd generation). To assist in the preparation of mass and energy balances, energy integration and comparison of the processes involved in each technology were made modeling of two processes using commercial software Aspen Plus, version 7.1. Data were collected on the pilot plant for P(3HB) production for two generations of technologies, involving, in general, the units operations of chemical treatment of the fermented, biomass sludge concentration, extraction, purification , solvent recovery and drying of the final resin. The results indicate pronounced advantage of technology that uses IAP(3G) in relation to IAA (2G), with a reduction in steam consumption of 2.44 times, the electricity consumption of 3.15 times, a reduction in price production of 1.93 times and a reduction in the total invested capital of 2.42 times. The sensitivity analysis for the best alternative (IAP), demonstrated a strong influence of increased scale of production of P (3HB) in reducing the price of the product specific investment. With the increased scale of 2,000 t of P (3HB) / year to 100,000 t of P (3HB) / year would be a reduction in the price of 1.47 times and the investment / t of P (3HB) produced 4.83 times. Through adoption of IAP (3nd G), also, there was significant improvement in the final product quality.
Avaliação da satisfação do aluno com deficiência no ensino superior: estudo de caso da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-30)
Guerreiro, Elaine Maria Bessa Rebello
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Almeida, Maria Amélia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7534553739735381
The increasing number of disabled students in higher education has raised issues that were, in the past, focused on basic education. Those issues create now an urgent need in higher education for physical infrastructure, pedagogical practices, technological resources and interpersonal relationships. Studies have been done on urban, architectonic, and attitudinal barriers, and also on the difficulties of access and permanency, reservation of vacancies and other issues regarding the inclusion of disabled people in higher education. Although some studies have shown the satisfaction of the student in higher education, the specific and necessary issues of the disabled student are still absent. Considering this, the objective of this research is to understand the level of satisfaction of the disabled student, regarding access and retention, through an instrument that was constructed for this purpose. For this, a higher education institution was chosen, in which the necessary characteristics for testing the instrument were present. Within this objective, it was proposed to identify the profile of this population, the level of satisfaction regarding the offered physical and operational structures, the level of satisfaction and attitude towards obstacles, as well as knowledge of legislation on accessibility and the NBR 9050/2004. This is a quantitativequalitative (emphasizing the first), exploratory, correlational, transversal study. The sample consisted of eighteen students: eight of them were visually disabled; six were physically disabled; three were hearing disabled; and one had learning difficulties. The constructed instrument was named Scale of Satisfaction and Attitudes of Disabled People SSA. As a result of the sample size, the techniques were used towards an exploratory rather than an inferential sense; therefore, the findings are restricted. It was verified that the average figures of the groups differ in a statistically significant way (p=0.065) by the Friedman Test, indicating that there are differences among structural, operational and psycho affective satisfaction, and the attitudes towards obstacles, in the studied group, at 90% certainty. Regarding the Structural factor, 50% of the sample tended to satisfaction, whereas the others tended to dissatisfaction and satisfaction with 25% on each side. In the Operational factor, 25% of the ones who answered to the items were dissatisfied, 50% tended to dissatisfaction and 25% were satisfied. In the Psycho Affective factor, 25% tend to satisfaction and 75% are satisfied. Regarding the Attitude towards obstacles, 25% showed certain neutrality or preference for omission, whilst 75% had a positive attitude. Regarding knowledge of legislation on accessibility and the norm NBR 9050/2004 of ABNT, it was observed that the disabled students who participated in the research that had no prior knowledge of the norm (approximately 60%) knew very little about the legislation on accessibility. The opposite is true for those who knew about the norm, that is, all of these knew the legislation on accessibility very well, and they also had a lower level of structural satisfaction. The participants with visual disability showed more knowledge regarding the legislation and the NBR 9050/2004. The students with visual and physical disabilities showed lower levels of satisfaction for the Structural factor, and the students with hearing disabilities showed lower levels for the Operational factor, especially when communicating with teachers and while in classes. However, the levels for the Psycho Affective and Attitude factors were within the range of satisfaction which compensates the low levels for Structural and Operational factors. Therefore, these findings allow us to state that the application of an instrument that measures the satisfaction of the disabled student in higher education is feasible and useful, in order to consider the direction the university is taking, when it comes to the access and the retention of these students.
Universidade aberta à terceira idade: efeitos sobre a qualidade de vida percebida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-30)
Inouye, Keika
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Pedrazzani, Elisete Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052
The education in the old age is intended to promote the acquisition of knowledge that determines the resizing for the fomentation of the quality of life (QoL) from the assumptions of interdisciplinarity, social participation and health promotion. With the objective of evaluating the effects of the University of the Third Age (UTA) from the Fundação Educacional São Carlos (FESC) on the QoL of the participants prior to and after the intervention and one year after their conclusion, we interviewed 56 elderly, divided in groups, thus denominated: (a) Group of students from the UTA-2008 (GA2008): graduating of Module 1 from UTA in 2008, who chose to continue in the program in 2009 even after the end of the mandatory module (Module 1); (b) Group of former students from UTA-2008 (Gex-A2008): graduates of Module 1 from UTA in 2008 that opted not to continue in the program in 2009 after the conclusion of the mandatory module; (c) Group of students from UTA-2009 (GA2009): graduates of Module 1 from UTA in 2009. The instruments for the data collection were: Elderly Characterization Form, Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria, Measure of Quality of Life (QdVDA), Scale to Measure the Satisfaction with the Life and Scale of the Positive and Negative Mood (EAPN). All the obtained data were entered into a database in the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 13.0, to perform non-parametric statistical analysis. The results showed that: (a) The profile of the researched students from UTA points to a young elderly (M = 68,04 years, DP = 5,78, xmin = 60, xmax = 84), of the female sex (91,1%, n = 51), with a high level of education (30,4% had a bachelor s degree, n = 17) and high social-economic levels (50,0% in level B, n = 28); (b) There is a difference between the total scores on the QoL of the elderly students from UTA before and after the intervention (in the beginning and conclusion of the school year) and this difference is a positive one (Z = -4,541, p < 0,001); (c) There is no difference among the total scores of QoL of the elderly students from UTA in the second year of intervention (follow-up), the total scores remain (Z = -1,477, p = 0,140); (d) There is a difference between the total scores of QoL of the elderly students from UTA who did not attend the program for a year (follow-up) and this difference is a negative one (Z = -2,810, p 0,055); (d) There is a relationship between the perceived changes in the QoL and the socio-demographics characteristics of the students from UTA; (e) There is relationship among the socio-demographics, schooling variables and socio-economic level and the perceptions of QoL, satisfaction with life and moods (positive or negative) of the participants. Since the results pointed that the participation in the UTA program is favorable to the perceptions of the QoL, in terms of improvement or maintenance, we advocate in favor of this type of intervention. Therefore, is necessary that educational programs include the elderly, because the education can be an important source of support to facing another phase of the life cycle.
Avaliação de danos ambientais sobre os ecossistemas naturais, decorrentes da implantação da linha de transmissão Londrina (PR) - Araraquara (SP), no sub-trecho entre os municípios de Boa Esperança do Sul e Araraquara (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-11-30)
Martins Filho, Carlos Augusto de Sousa
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7700440510114989
Estudo da dinâmica da frequência cardíaca do repouso ao exercício físico em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-01)
Neves, Victor Ribeiro
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3476550607994320
The study of heart rate variability (HRV) has been used to assess the cardiac autonomic control in different population both on the supine position and during exercise test. The reduction of cardiac autonomic control has been observed in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, since the progression of CAD to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can be related with symphatovagal imbalance. The HRV has been traditionally assessed by linear methods, but in recent years, the use of some nonlinear methods has provided additional data, which does not uncovered by linear analysis. Thereby, the first study had the aim to compare the HRV of CAD patients with and without AMI (CAD-AMI) with health-matched controls by linear (spectral analysis) and nonlinear (Shannon entropy, conditional entropy and symbolic analysis). Fifty-six men were divided into three groups: healthy (n=19, 57±4 years), CAD (n=20, 56±10 years) and CAD-AMI (n=19, 54±12 years). There was no difference between the groups regarding cardiac autonomic modulation by linear (spectral analysis) and nonlinear (Shannon entropy, conditional entropy and symbolic analysis). These results may be due to beta-blocker use, coronary angioplasty, exercise capacity of healthy subjects and methodology this study. Thereby, in studied conditions, methods of analysis used showed no difference in cardiac modulation between groups. On the other hand, CAD can be to take together type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is a disease that worsens the impairment of cardiac autonomic modulation. Other method used in this study, is assessment the behavior of hear rate response and variability in the phase recovery after physical exercise. Therefore, the incidence of cardiovascular events is higher in CAD patients with type 2 diabetes (CAD+T2D) than in CAD patients without T2D. There is increasing evidence that the recovery phase after exercise is a vulnerable phase for various cardiovascular events. However, the second study had the aim to assess the autonomic regulation of CAD patients with and without T2D during post-exercise condition. One-hundred-two patients were divided into two groups: CAD (n=68, 61±5 years) e DAC+DT2 (n=64, 62±5 years), which underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing. The result of second study indicated that DAC+T2D patients had a higher delay of heart rate recovery in comparison with DAC patients without T2D. However, there no differences between the groups in heart rate recovery after adjustment for exercise capacity, body mass index and medications. Thereby, the result of this second study suggesting impairment of cardiac autonomic control after exercise in diabetic patients compared x with non-diabetic patients is more closely related to low exercise capacity and obesity than to T2D itself.
Uso de ICP OES para controle de qualidade na produção de fertilizantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-12-02)
Donato, Laiani Fischer Di
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Nóbrega, Joaquim de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833989058164529
This research work employed an ICP OES with radial configuration for quality control in fertilizer production by the development of analytical procedures for the direct introduction of suspensions based fertilizers of Zn and Ca, whose particle sizes were lower than 10 μm. In addition, we studied a nanometric suspension of zinc (490 nm). Control charts were also developed for suspensions of fertilizers containing Cu, Mo and Zn. Analytical calibration curves were obtained using aqueous solutions, suspensions and solutions prepared from the suspensions, the latter being the one that best represented the nebulization, transport, atomization and excitation processes occurring for micrometric samples. For nanometric suspensions of zinc, it was possible to calibrate using diluted solutions prepared from stock solution of zinc. Samples and calibration solutions were diluted in HCl 0.012 mol / L medium and were shaken during the aspiration for sample introduction for avoiding any particle agglomeration. The accuracy was checked by comparing the results obtained by the developed procedure with those obtained by the official method established by MAPA. The use of control charts demonstrated that there is compliance in the manufacturing process of the product, since there was no significant variation of results and they can be considered reliable for the range of 95%. The implementation of the method in routine laboratory work led to numerous benefits to the company, among them, increased productivity, reduced reagent consumption, reduction of waste generated, hands-on experience with the instrumental technique, resolution of analytical difficulties, and especially professional growth. Considering the amount of hours / man at around US$ 22.00, the performance analysis of 15 suspensions per day and a reduction of 40 to 5 min of analysis time, we can estimate that there will be a reduction of US$ 20,995.00 / year, based on the amount of hours / man employed for sample preparation.