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Mapa de caracterização do texto científico : produção e funcionamento em disciplinas de química do ensino superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-24) Oliveira, Jane Raquel Silva de; Queiroz, Salete Linhares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925870606416937; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2800602875373171
The main objectives of this research were to develop and to implement a tool ‐ the Characterization Map of Scientific Text ‐ which could assist students in recognizing the structural and rhetorical aspects of the scientific language and to investigate its functioning as a facilitator in improving scientific writing of undergraduate chemistry students and as a scientific texts analysis tool. We adopted the theoretical studies of Latour, Coracini, and Campanario on the rhetoric aspects of scientific articles and the studies of Oliveira and Queiroz on the structural aspects of scientific texts in the chemistry field. We analyzed the main characteristics of the scientific language and elaborated the categories of analysis of the scientific text structural and rhetorical elements, as well as the Preliminary Characterization Map of Scientific Text. We also developed didactic materials about the structural and rhetorical aspects of scientific texts, which were applied in higher education chemistry courses. We analyzed the written production of students in activities about rhetorical aspects using peer review. We analyzed the final scientific texts (reports and miniarticles) written by the students and scientific articles written by researchers in the chemistry field. We also investigated the criteria used by professors in the evaluation of scientific texts assigned related to the courses. From these results we developed the Final Characterization Map of Scientific Text, including considerations reported in the studies of Kelly and Takao, Zohar and Nemet, and Sandoval and Millwood. We also developed didactic material about this final Map, which was applied in a different class. We analyzed the initial and final texts produced by the students of this class, as well as their responses to an evaluation questionnaire about the activities based on the Map under consideration. In the activities about the rhetorical aspects, the students developed skills to recognize and analyze critically such strategies in the scientific texts. In the peer review activities, although some rhetorical aspects were also mentioned, the students focused on the structural aspects of the scientific texts. The texts written by the students showed few rhetorical resources compared to those written by researchers. Although considering some rhetorical aspects, the professors focused on structural aspects in the evaluation of scientific texts assigned related to the course. From the activities based on the Final Characterization Map of Scientific Text, the students understood how the scientific text is structured and strengthened, and they improved their scientific writing using structural and rhetorical elements adequately in written texts.
Caracterização da fabricação e uso de compósitos poliméricos contendo fibras naturais com ênfase no polipropileno/sisal a partir da análise de documentos de patentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-24) Scopel, Felipe; Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3716210326293016
Natural fibers have became important as substitute for synthetic fiber reinforcement and filling in polymer composites, looking for better properties, lower cost and appeal of sustainability. To do so, there are challenges and limitations to be overcome, such as the compatibility of fiber/matrix, the processing temperature, the moisture absorption and so on. The global auto industry, including Brazil, has led the use of composites containing natural fibers in commercial products and also serves as reference to other economic areas. In Brazil, the fomentation agencies have supported projects in natural fibers and their application in composites, with a significant amount of academic research groups working in this area. The aim of this study was to analyze the situation and trends in the manufacturing and use of materials containing natural fibers through patent analysis, with emphasis on sisal, and also to simulate a sisal/polypropylene composite in home appliance part. Materials, processes, practices and actors involved in these composites were mapped, based on indicators made from patent documents. The analysis of patent documents associated with natural fibers and their use in polymer composites, in the period of 1960 to 2009, demonstrated the growing importance of this subject in the world and particularly in Brazil. Among other results, it was found that Brazil holds the 16th position in patenting associated with natural fibers in general and the 12th place in patenting on the sisal fiber, despite being the world's largest producer of sisal and one of the largest producers of natural fibers in general. Companies and individuals assignees have the largest number of patent documents, when compared to universities and institutes. It was possible to make recommendations for the development of a sisal/polypropylene part through exploratory structural simulation. It was also needed to generate new data to enable simulation of the injection process.
Avaliação de programas sociais: uma análise do impacto do Bolsa Família sobre o consumo de alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-24) Baptistella, Juliana Carolina Frigo; Ferro, Andrea Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3432809140419477; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9764000286649164; Almeida, Alexandre Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8825551833619350
This thesis aims to evaluate the impact of the Bolsa Familia Programme in food consumption of attended families. Given that the beneficiaries are poor and extremely poor families, we want to know what are the program s contribution for security of these families. We used data from the Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2008/2009, conducted by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, related to food consumption of the beneficiary (treatment group) and non-beneficiary (control group) families. Using propensity score matching method was possible to compare families very similar in their observable characteristics. We have found that the program contributes to increase food consumption of beneficiary families, once these families presented statistically and significantly higher expenses than non-beneficiary families. Also, he program collaborates to elevate the proportion of children and youth with normal corporal mass index, and increases the proportion of adults with obesity problems - these results can be indirectly associated.
Família do doente com câncer: percepção de apoio social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-01-24) Rodrigues, Juliana Stoppa Menezes; Ferreira, Noeli Marchioro Liston Andrade; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6899526646546927; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3778200455180493
Cancer is a chronic degenerative disease, considered a public health problem and one of the consequences is to induce the family to live a long time with a diseased family member. This can brake the family apart, because of the treatment process and also causing a demand for a social network that offers the support needed to cope with this complex trajectory. This study is quantitative, descriptive, exploratory cross-sectional, which aimed to characterize the feeling from the families about the social support in cancer patients, assisted by a specialized service in a city of Sao Paulo. All researches considerations with humans were respected. Interviews were conducted with every family that met the inclusion criteria, comprising 69 families and 161 people total. It was used for data collection the following instruments: The family profile of the patient with cancer , Social Support Scale of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS-SSS) and The Convoy of Social Support Diagram. The interviews were done at their homes with at least family dyads and also after the consent and respecting the date/time stipulated by the family. Data were coded and entered in Microsoft Excel and Biostat 5.0 and analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics. Patient profiles showed: 65% were female, aged 28-89 years-old and the most prevalent neoplasm was breast cancer (36%), of which 48% were in advanced stages of disease. The second most frequent cancer was prostatic (10%), of which 72% were older 65 years-old. The Convoy of Social Support Diagram showed 506 members in the patient social networks, between 1-89 years-old. The most social network members was female, who knew the patient for 33 years-old on average and 78.7% lived less than 30 minutes from the patient house. The profiles of families showed 28% with only two people in their composition, living in social class D (70%). The MOS-SSS identified that affective support was the most frequently mentioned (88), followed by emotional support (81), material support (80), information support (78) and positive social interaction (76). An average positive correlation was found (p=0.002 e r=0.4) between social support and number of people on the network. Statistically significant associations were found with p<0.0001 between the dimensions of social support and p<0.0003 between the variables number of women in social networks and social support, indicating that social support tends to be greater in larger social network and especially if people are female. It is considered that the possibilities for support of the family are diverse and health professionals have an important role in increasing the viability of the contacts between the micro system (family) and supra system (neighborhood, community and religious organizations), but they must be open to the family, realizing it like a unit of care, recognizing the social network as a fundamental source in the maintenance of wellbeing which improves life satisfaction and effective support. So, identifying and giving the social network its value in the family context and understanding the real needs and potential of the family unit, helps the health professional in the planning of the care centered in the family. This may improve the confront of the families face difficulties inherent to chronic situation and provides a humanized care. The implement of public policies which promote access of population to social support networks is very important.