Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2012-02-15"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 10

Produção enxuta e teoria das restrições : proposta de um método para implantação conjunta na indústria de bens de capital sob encomenda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Votto, Rodrigo Goulart; Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria
Over the years, the task of developing and managing production systems has become increasingly complex and, currently, to face the changing customer demands and global competition, managers have the difficult task of combining the efficiency of mass production with customization of pre-industrial craft production era. In this context, the Engineering to Order Capital Goods Industry, exposed to a very adverse market conditions such as high cyclical instability of demand for its products, which depends exclusively on the economy expansion moments, causing, therefore, longer cycles of fluctuation demand with long periods of stagnation followed by periods of high demand, have sought for modern production management strategies, already consolidated in more dynamic segments of the economy, such as lean production and the theory of constraints, to improve production flow and minimize the impact inherent in these production systems with high variety and low volume production, high levels of work-in-process, functional production layouts, high varied workloads, excess of materials handling, etc. This paper studies the Engineering to Order Capital Goods Industry, especially large capital goods, also known as Large Assemblies production systems, aiming to propose a method of joint implementation of lean principles and theory of constraints to simplify the material and information flow, propose the use of suitable SCO (ordering systems) and reduce production lead time in this environment.
Racionalidade instrumental, competitividade e individualismo de estudantes universitários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Rodrigues, Silvana Terume Koshikene; Silva, Eduardo Pinto e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2070163847328362
This study aimed to understand the meaning and motivation that exist in student participation in various extracurricular activities in public universities, particularly in undergraduate research and student organizations. The degree course chosen for this research was Electrical Engineering at Unicamp. A questionnaire was used, which was answered by 111 students, and in a second step, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 of these students. The topics covered in the interviews were: life trajectory; education in public universities; undergraduate research and student movements, focusing on the action of the Centro Acadêmico (CA) and the Diretório Central dos Estudantes (DCE). Other issues were a result of these themes, like the academic performance coefficient and the práticas in other student organizations, like Empresa Júnior, Atlética, Trote da Cidadania, Mercado de Trabalho em Engenharia and Solidare. The discussed analysis categories were: formative trajectory and life project; the meaning of the public university and the confluences with the life project; and the meaning of the student movement and different interpretations of student participation. The analysis was based on concepts of alienation, surplus-value, use-value and exchange-value and relations of production, proposed by Marx, and of alienation, estrangement, suspension, subjectivity, intentionality, teleological pose, possibility and alternative, proposed by Lukács. From the reports of students, one could note the competitiveness and individualism found at the university life, always in the midst of many contradictions. It is concluded that the meaning attributed to student participation in extracurricular activities, permeated by instrumental rationality of this universiy life, rests predominantly on pragmatism and utilitarianism, despite the occasional moments of resistance.
Gestão da informação e inteligência competitiva em empresas de biotecnologia do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Oliveira, Maria Fernanda de; Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6511977715237485
Through the perception of the value and potential of Biotechnology for Brazil and the lack of studies concerning politics, economy and social affairs in this area, this research has the intention of studying the Biotechnology companies from the point of view of their information management and relationship with Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), major sponsor, based in the hypothesis that there might be some difference between companies that receive and companies that do not receive financial resources from FINEP regarding information and market position. The methodology applied can be defined as descriptive and exploratory, with quality and quantity analysis. The data was collected through the organization of secondary information and research in specific literature and official web sites, content analysis form and a questionnaire applied via websurvey to 52 biotechnology companies set as statistic sample. The analysis was based in simple statistic, reflected average and official announcements and free answers checking. The results obtained from the Brazilian biotechnology companies were in general geographic location and legal nature. Regarding the companies taken as sample, the results were: the companies managers graduation; geographic market comprehended by these companies; business size; their relationship with FINEP; identified obstacles to their development and information management uses and competitive intelligence executed. Besides these results, there is a resumed analysis over the FINEP official announcements with the identification of their main characteristics. The main conclusions shows that the FINEP official announcements have clear structure about the necessary items and means of evaluations applied, as well as a schedule for all the process. The FINEP and Non-FINEP companies have similar practices when dealing with information, including informal and non-coordinated actions. This reality can be one of the reasons that colaborate to a difficulty in elaborating proposals to FINEP for there is lack of good and appropriate information to develop adequate proposals. However, it could be noticed that the competition among the biotechnology companies is high, what tends to be linked to a market highly focused in innovation. Thus, theoretical constructions were integrated with the information obtained with the research, generating a simplified model of information management with recommendations looking forward to structuring the actions involving the informational practice in companies. It is expected that the results presented can strenghten the data collection of the companies as well as the use of information, promoting better decisions about FINEP and some perceptions to contribute the elaboration of official announcements to this area.
Percepções de infância de crianças negras por professoras de educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Souza, Ellen de Lima; Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2996966307456495
This study aimed to understand that childhood perceptions of black children are unveiled in the process of childhood education teachers. To this end, I present a brief reflection to contextualize my training black woman activist, professor of Early Childhood Education and researcher. Following aboard a history on the establishment of early childhood education affects a federal university in which research collaborators are working in recent years and has sought to develop a work to combat the distortions and inequalities experienced by black. The theoretical references were prepared from the position of rethinking and combat situations that marginalize and disqualify in this case black children, always from the guiding question: "What childhood perceptions of black children reveal kindergarten teachers from their experiences". References are presented in the theoretical understandings and insights into: totality, perceptions, horizon, early childhood education, experience, childhood education teachers, coloniality, children and childhood. The methodological approach was built with help and inspiration in the Phenomenology of the African philosophies. So I relied on three collaborators who are experienced teachers childhood education, they all have more than fifteen years of experience and proven commitment to the education of ethnic-racial relations. Data were collected through in-depth conversations, which were identified as the meanings and themes unfold the same units that are grouped in dimensions. Data analysis revealed the dimensions: the time a former, former to child education, experiences his own childhood, childhood black - deny and doubt, this black child, missing, racialized perceptions and feelings, and finally, black marks and white markings. That reveal the training of teachers is an ongoing process and as they learned the techniques of education for ethnic-racial relations, but also realize the childhood of black children stereotypically and Eurocentric. In the final considerations introduce the concept of time to educate and racial-ethnic relations, drawing some insights about the training courses for teachers, the specificities of early childhood education and questions about childhood understandings grounded in Eurocentric values. In this chapter, I highlight that black children who are the lead teachers to seek knowledge about black / as, however, of black children is perpetuated as fragments distorted by an atmosphere of racism and inequality.
Equações elípticas singulares envolvendo o expoente crítico de Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg e funções peso mudando de sinal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Guimarães, Mateus Balbino; Rodrigues, Rodrigo da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9606661651573155; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2453670728817949
In this work we will study the existence of nonnegative nontrivial weak solutions to singular elliptic equations involving the critical Caffarelli-Kohn- Nirenberg exponent and sign-changing functions. For this purpose, we will make use of the variational method and its classical results as the Mountain Pass Theorem and the Ekeland’s Variational Principle. We also will use the well known Nehari manifold.
Infância, Experiência e Linguagem em Walter Benjamin: a indústria cultural e as implicações pedagógicas do empobrecimento da experiência formativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Pacífico, Marsiel; Gomes, Luiz Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0433875706735815
According to studies developed by the Critical Theory of Society, particularly Theodor Theodor W. Adorno (1984, 1992, 1994, 1995, 2002, 2010), Max Horkheimer (1984, 1980) and Walter Benjamin (1970, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1989, 1992), the proliferation of the apparatus of the culture industry becomes, gradually, the formative experience increasingly scarce and superficial. The society of information is the same that nevertheless, imposes on its subject a condition of semi-formation to expropriate them the signs of interaction with the world, especially in the establishment of a form of instrumental language. In infancy, the formatting of the bodies through the school subject, which ignores the subjective forms of expression of the child, supports with the gradual curtailment of the possibilities of human emancipation. This research aimed to understand how multiple languages in childhood are decoded in the school environment as an unruly act, and to be repaired by formatting the children's bodies, so this practice relates to a semi-formative educational model.
Espectroscopia Mössbauer : condições experimentais de aquisição e estocagem multicanal para a análise numérica de dados com adequação de resolução espectral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Shigeyosi, Willian Takemitsu; Souza, Sylvio Dionysio de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9114778666084317; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5442217738319985
The objective of this work is to examine the use of Mossbauer spectroscopy in two aspects: the data acquisition, using four different setups and their analysis, comparing three different fittings programs. Concerning to acquisition, we showed that the adaptation of the Ortec MCS-32 system acquisition, to use not just 512 channels but as well 1024, 2048 and 4096 channels can improve the spectra quality. However, the time acquisition increases, proportionally to the increase of channels number. Four different samples were used in these tests, whose data were acquired using 512, 1024, 2048 and 4096 channels. The first and second samples analyzed, were two clay from Sta. Gertrudes region in São Paulo´s state -BR which had been treated in different conditions. Although the spectra resolution was better, in this case, we showed that the results quality are similar, independently of the channels number. The third one was pellet of iron ore, produced by Cia. Vale do Rio Doce . In this case, the use of 2048 channels data was suitable to identify a structure, not observed when less channels were used. It was propitiate as well by the fitting through the WinNormos for Igor. At last, we re-analyzed some spectra, acquired using 512 channels, from a previous study of our research group, on the AISI 316L stainless steel, applying the WinNormos for Igor. The spectra were fitted using the site plus field distribution model , conducting to better identification of the phases and their percent in the samples. The study and comparison of the three PC fitting programs showed that the WinNormos for Igor, is the most appropriate because its use is very simple, and permits much more flexibility on the fittings, making possible distribution on the different sensible parameters on the function used in the fitting.
Repertório funcional de crianças com paralisia cerebral : a perspectiva de cuidadores e profissionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Oliveira, Alyne Kalyane Câmara de; Matsukura, Thelma Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2278152516658626
The cerebral palsy (CP) due to a non-progressive lesion in the immature brain presents neuromotor impairments and disabilities associated who, allied with contextual factors such as task demands, environmental characteristics and attitudes of family members, can lead to impaired functional performance and the independence of children. Regarding to the actions of family members about the stimuli and expectation relating to children with CP, some studies reported differences between the assessment of family caregiver and the professional responsible for the children treatment and little is known about this difference of perception, being the understanding in the literature concerning aspects related to the way of thinking and acting of family members, still limited. This study aims to verify the agreement between the profile of functionality of children with CP reported by caregivers and rehabilitation professionals in the areas of self-care, mobility, social function and to identify variables related to the caregiver, child and environment that were associated with such agreement. We tested two hypotheses: caregivers and rehabilitation professionals disagree about the typical functional repertoire of the child with CP; and there are variables of the caregiver, child and environment, which may affect the assessment of caregivers in relation to the functional repertoire of his children, who are present when there is disagreement on this score between caregivers and professionals. The study included 50 children with CP aged from 3 to 7.5 years, their primary caregivers of 50 children with CP and 25 rehabilitation professionals, physiotherapists and occupational therapists, linked to six health institutions from the inside the State of São Paulo. The instruments Lipp´s Inventory of Stress Symptoms in Adults (ISSL), Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), Gross Motor Function Classification System for Cerebral Palsy (GMFCS) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) were used, beyond a form identifying the participants. The data were analyzed from the spreadsheets of each instrument and descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, and for the correlation 9 analysis was used nonparametric Spearman test and for the remaining analyzes, the Quisquare, Fisher s Exact, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis and Odds-Ratio. General Strong correlations were found, indicating agreement between the profile of functionality reported by caregivers and professionals, mainly in relation to functional abilities of children and caregivers support needed to the children perform the functional activities, with less agreement on changes of the environment that children use routinely. The relevance of correlations was influenced by factors such as: caregiver's marital status, family income, stress symptoms, professional guidance received regarding the activities of daily living of the child, caregiver time spent with the child and the level motor function of the child. Discusses that part of results does not support one of hypothesis of the research by distancing themselves from notes of literature, which indicate a convergence between the assessments of professional and caregivers, in the environment family and therapeutic, respectively, and a similarity of functional repertoire of children with CP in different contexts investigated, at same time as part of the results confirms the other hypothesis of study, when identifying factors that may explain the level of agreement between caregivers and professionals, configured as variables in this process. It is considered that, the present study may contribute by adding to the knowledge produced in the field, highlighting the influence of variables related to the assessment of caregivers regarding to functionality of the child with CP and interventions of occupational therapists and other professionals to be proposed with children and families in their developmental context.
Propriedades magnéticas de nanofios de cobalto autoformados por deposição à laser pulsado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Muniz, Pedro Schio de Noronha; Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4464937635959170
Le sujet de cette thèse est l étude de nanofils de cobalt dans une matrice d oxyde de cérium (CeO2) épitaxiée sur SrTiO3(001). L auto-assemblage de nanofils a été mis en évidence lors de la croissance de couches minces de CeO2 fortement dopées au cobalt par ablation laser pulsée. Le caractère métallique du cobalt a été vérifié par des mesures d absorption X au seuil K du cobalt réalisées au synchrotron. La formation de nanofils a été mise en évidence par des études de microscopie électronique en transmission en mode haute résolution et en mode dénergie filtrée. Ces études combinées montrent la formation de fils métalliques de Co dans la matrice, orientés le long de la direction de croissance, de longueur limitée par l épaisseur de la couche et de diamètre dans la gamme 3-7 nm. Ces nanofils constituent des systèmes modèles en nanomagnétisme. Deux assembles de fils (diamètre 3 nm et 5 nm) ont été étudiées en détail. La structure interne des fils a été déterminée par microscopie électronique et le renversement de l aimantation au moyen de mesures magnétiques statiques et dynamiques. L anisotropie magnétique de ces systèmes a été sondée par résonance ferromagnétique. Ces mesures et leurs interprétations ont permis de mettre en évidence la localisation du renversement de l aimantation dans les fils. Ce phénomne de localisation a été corrélé à la structure interne des fils, plus précisément à l existence de grains hexagonaux au sein desquels l anisotropie magnétocristalline est en compétition avec l anisotropie de forme. L ensemble de ces résultats a permis de corréler le comportement magnétique à la structure interne réelle de ces objets.
Teores dos elementos químicos essenciais e tóxicos na rastreabilidade da carne bovina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-02-15) Gromboni, Caio Fernando; Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3094371391359214
The objective of this work was to develop methodologies for the determination of inorganic constituents in meat sample and the study of correlations between samples with chemical elements profile, especially Nelore samples of project BifeQuali aimed at improving the quality of Brazilian meat. Three different strategies for sample preparation, basic extraction, acid extraction and microwave assisted acid digestion were optimized and evaluated, by using bovine liver certified reference material (NIST 1577b), and the decomposition assisted by microwave radiation chosen for the decomposition of 650 samples used in this work. For the measurements of chemical elements, mass spectrometry and optical emission inductively coupled argon plasma (ICP OES and ICP-MS, respectively) were used. The chemical elements quantified by ICP-MS were V, Mn, As, Co, Ni, Mo, Cd, Pb, Cr, Se and Fe, by ICP OES were Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, S and Zn. The use of internal standard (Sc, Y and Bi) contributed to the accuracy and precision of measurements. For principal component analysis (PCA) was developed a worksheet to perform the spectral scanning, monitoring 250 wavelength from 167 to 770 nm using ICP OES. The results showed that the crop that is bred proved to be an important variable, forming clusters corresponds to the two crops analyzed, which indicates that climatic factors affect the profile of chemical elements and the quality of nutrition. Moreover, the place of confinement is also presented as an important variable, showing the grouping according to the place where it was confined. Through PCA and analysis using SAS software was possible to observe the correlation between Na and K with the tenderness, and the higher the concentration of these, the lower the shear force, and the higher the tenderness