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Base de dados morfológicos de terminologias do português do Brasil : descrição e análise morfológica com vistas à disponibilização on-line
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-12)
Coleti, Joel Sossai
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Almeida, Gladis Maria de Barcellos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4046789388750478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6204919581461383
The researches in Linguistics and Language fields are extremely rich, consistent and efficient in Brazil, however, still aren‟t expressive in the Brazilian researches the issues involving morphology and terminology. In this context, this research aims to describe the structure of two terminological repertoire (Nanoscience / Nanotechnology and Biofuels), representing the area of Engineering, at the level of the internal structure of its constituent terms, checking out the main processes of terms construction. Using this morphological description was organized a database for future computational implementation and on-line data availability. Later, for the higher productivity processes the Rules of Words Formation were established, as established by SILEX Model. This model of morphological analysis was designed by Danielle Corbin (1987, 1991, 1997, 2004) and developed by his team. This research aims to fill a gap, analyzing and describing the possible morphological processes in Portuguese (Brazilian variant) terminology and examining the most productive rules by which words are formed.
Modelo destrutivo com variável terminal em experimentos quimiopreventivos de tumores em animais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-12)
Zavaleta, Katherine Elizabeth Coaguila
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Rodrigues, Josemar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4359114733394761
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2822435460109129
The chemical induction of carcinogens in chemopreventive animal experiments is becoming increasingly frequent in biological research. The purpose of these biological experiments is to evaluate the effect of a particular treatment on the rate of tumors incidence in animals. In this work, the number of promoted tumors per animal will be parametrically modeled following the suggestions given by Kokoska (1987) and Freedman et al. (1993). The study of these chemopreventive experiments will be presented in the context of the destructive model proposed by Rodrigues et al. (2010) with terminal variable that allows or censures the experiment at time of the animal death. Since the data analyzed in this field are subject to excess of zeros (Freedman et al. (1993)), we propose for the number of promoted tumors a negative binomial distribution (NB), a zero-inflated Poisson distribution (ZIP), and a zero-inflated Negative Binomial distribution (ZINB). The selection of these models will be made through the likelihood ratio test and the AIC, BIC criteria. The estimation of its parameters will be obtained by using the method of maximum likelihood, and further simulation studies will also be realized. As a future proposition to finalize this project, it is suggested the Bayesian methodology as an alternative to the method of maximum likelihood via the EM algorithm.
Catalisadores de CuO, Fe2O3 ou Co3O4 suportados em TiO2, CeO2 ou ZrO2: preparação via Sol-gel in situ ou impregnação e avaliação na redução de NO com CO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13)
Sierra-Pereira, Cristiane Alves
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Urquieta-González, Ernesto Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5913784674766133
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2389975677904655
The minimization of the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is a subject of crucial interest, since them cause serious environmental problems which affect human health, vegetation and fauna. With the purpose to abate NOx, processes involving their catalytic reduction show strong potential. In the case of the reduction of NO with CO a meaningful advantage arises, once both pollutants are removed simultaneously. In order to obtain efficient and stable catalysts for this reaction, many studies have been done with the aim to improve the catalytic activity by achieving a better favorable metal-support interaction to the occurrence of the reaction and a better distribution of the active phases on the support. In this context, the objective of this study was to prepare Cu, Fe and Co based catalysts supported on TiO2, CeO2 and ZrO2 to be applied in the abatement of NO with CO. The addition of the precursors of the active phases was made during the synthesis of the support via the sol-gel method (in situ addition). Furthermore, catalysts with the same composition were prepared by conventional methods. Results from the N2 adsorption/desorption measurements show that the sol-gel method was efficient to prepare supports with improved textural properties. H2-TPR and UVVIS-DRS data evidenced the presence of Cu, Fe or Co oxides in the respective catalysts, which mostly did not show characteristic X-ray diffraction peaks of those oxide phases, suggesting their high dispersion on the supports. In general, results of the reduction of NO to N2 with CO revealed that the catalysts prepared via sol-gel are as active as those prepared by conventional routes, which demonstrate the great potential of the catalysts preparation via the sol-gel in situ procedure, which diminishes the number of the synthesis steps saving time and energy. In general, among the studied supports, ceria presented a more favorable metal-support interaction. In the presence of O2, SO2 and water steam, catalysts 6,5Cu/CeP, 5,5CuZrSG and 8,4Fe/TiC showed no significant changes in their activity and selectivity, indicating that they present high stability to be used under the severe conditions of real processes.
Comunidades de aves frugívoras e nectarívoras e disponibilidade de recursos em dois estádios sucessionais de regeneração de Mata Atlântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13)
Silva, Bruna Gonçalves da
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Piratelli, Augusto João
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
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Christianini, Alexander Vicente
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2295622727813765
The availability of food resources in different degrees of regeneration of a forest may contribute to possible variations in species abundance and composition of bird communities. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the structure of frugivores and nectarivores bird communities and the availability of food resources - flowers and fruit - in two successional stages of regeneration (initial-secondary and advanced) of the Atlantic Forest. To reach this goal, frugivores and nectarivores birds were monitored in representative sites of these stages, considering seasonality and production of flowers and fruits at each stage over a year. The frugivores and nectarivores were compared in richness, species composition, relative abundance and diversity. We used fixed point counts for sampling birds, and to estimate the production of flowers and fruits, we delimited three replicates of four plots (10x10m) at each stage of succession. The two studied successional stages differed significantly in most of the analyzed vegetation structure variables. The composition and relative abundance of some bird species also showed differences between the two stages of regeneration, but not quantitative parameters as richness and diversity. There were variations in plant community phenological curves and in the amount of the floral production between the two successional stages. The relative abundance of frugivores had a significantly positive relationship with the amount of available ripe fruits. In the advanced stages, the relative abundance of nectarivores birds had a significantly positive relationship to the number of individuals of flowering epiphytic plant species; while in secondary stages of regeneration there was no change in the abundance of nectarivores birds in response to floral resource availability. Thus, in areas that are not continuous to primary forests may occur in a declining population of frugivorous and nectarivorous birds in response to variations in the phenological curves and food shortages causing changes in the processes of breeding and selection of plant species, which can bring significant implications for the conservation of birds and plants.
A perspectiva de uma antropologia behaviorista radical: cultura, variação, seleção e transmissão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13)
Leugi, Guilherme Bergo
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Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2139829479046389
Since the early writings on Radical Behaviorism there has been analysis of what is commonly known as the cultural level of variation and selection. Over the past 25 years, approximately, with growing interest by the scientific community on the culture topic, as well as conceptual developments regarding behavioral contingency analogies for the cultural determination, studies on Selection by Consequences model specifically for the culture have gained prominence. Skinner textually defines culture in many different ways throughout his work; nevertheless we believe it was possible to analyze them and theoretically propose an alternative understanding, based on most general principles of Radical Behaviorism with special attention to this theory determinism, regarding the functional relations established among environment and human actions. We understand that it is possible to comprehend the cultural system of determination of behavior as related to the environment which is historically and socially produced, not only referring to sets of behaviors repeated over generations. Cultural practices, as a proposition, would be redefined as parts of the behavioral environment (in this case, comprehended as reinforcing cultural practices). We also believe that it was possible to define a schematic model of determination based on the environmental and historical aspects, which is expected to be comprehensive in relation to culturally determined behavior (whether those behaviors produced in groups or those emitted alone, but which still are socially build). After these analyzes, we took a quick foray into Anthropology attempting to establish ways for the methodological inclusion of ethnography in the field of behavioral study of the culture. The current work is intended as an interpretative possibility and has not, of course, exhausted the subject matter or completely solved the problem of environmental determination on culture.
Percepção sobre restauro da mata ciliar realizado em propriedades rurais às margens do Ribeirão Feijão (Itirapina e São Carlos, SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13)
Zattoni, Michelle
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Figueiredo, Rodolfo Antônio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854609216769461
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5814855426888356
This research aimed to survey the environmental perception of owners, employees and residents of rural properties in relation to the work of restoration of riparian vegetation. The data were collected through a structured interview script. The main result found was that respondents have relevant information about the importance of getting the reforestation to improve the quality of life and environment. However, there are difficulties in implementing conservation actions in the areas of permanent preservation in the properties, as well as lack of rural extension support. The conclusion is that a better understanding of the local environmental issues perceived by local social actors may support future actions of the governmental and nongovernmental organizations working in the region of this research.
A construção do conhecimento agroecológico através da utilização de ferramentas participativas no Projeto "Assentamentos Sustentáveis" nas regiões de Ribeirão Preto e Itapeva, São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13)
Souza, Tatiane de Jesus Marques
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0343116060357809
This study aims discusses the use of participatory methods in agroecological practices developed by the project "Social and environmental capacitation for the building of sustainable development projects in rural settlements in the state of São Paulo" that used as methodology the Participatory Rural Appraisal, the Participatory Action Research and the Participatory Observation. The localities chosen for the discussion, because of the similarity of thematic worked, were two settlements of agrarian reform; the Sepé Tiaraju, that has a sustainable development propose since its formation; and the Pirituba, one of the first settlements in the state, structured in the conventional production system. This paper discussed progresses and challenges related with methodological strategies used in this settlements for the building of agroecological knowledge. Progresses are primarily related to the strategic participation of the project construction, of the process of farmers experimentation and the knowledge exchange executed. The challenges are related to the autonomy of the farmers groups, who were part of the project and to the extension of the type of the public, mainly related to the gender issue of those who were part of the activities.
Efeito da inclusão de levedura na ração de tilápias na fase larval sob os parâmetros microbiológicos, bioquímicos, físico-químico e sensorial da qualidade do filé
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13)
Costa, Patrícia Braun
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Dias, Luciana Thie Seki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0630011302129660
This work aimed to study the different effects of supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) during sex reversal in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) represented by hybrid GIFT on microbiological parameters, biochemical, physicochemical and sensory quality during storage and sensory analysis of fresh fillets. The experiment was conducted at the premises of UPD Pirassununga, APTA Pole Middle East tilapia larvae with two days of age were placed in aquariums 40litros according to the treatments, and were fed with 60mg of the hormone 17 α metil-testosterona/kg ration for 30 days for sex reversal. Treatment with fish larvae that received the supplementation of yeast had the same diet with hormone plus the addition of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% yeast fully dried and milled then constituting T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. At the end of 08 months, the fish were slaughtered. The performance was calculated. For statistical analyzes of the results we used the GLM procedure of SAS (Statistical Analysis System, 1996). To verify the significance between treatment means was used Tukey test at 5 and 1% probability. The results showed that supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the diet of Nile tilapia shows that treatment with 1% yeast inclusion was better than the other treatments in the mean values of lipids and the lipids and triglycerides increased can not necessarily have an effect of diet, but may be a genetic trait hybrid Gift, requiring further studies to confirm this, that in addition to the sensory evaluation treatment with 2% addition of yeast showed better consumer acceptance, and purchase by panelists, and there was significant differences between treatments regarding the attributes of color, odor, taste and texture and microbiological analyzes showed no differences between treatments and storage times.
Experimentos em ondas e acústica para auxiliar o processo ensino e aprendizagem da física no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13)
Silva, Klaus Nogueira da
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Olivieri, Carlos Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1021041885739982
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7978315088657109
This paper describes the development of experimental activities with the aid of the microcomputer as a measuring tool in the laboratory teaching of physics, as well as an account of his experience in the classroom. Using the software Audacity activities were carried out involving acoustic wave phenomena and as an aid for the development of a significant learning in high school. As theoretical references were used sociointeractionist theories of Vygotsky and Ausubel's meaningful learning. The instructional material was applied to two groups of high school students: a State School Marechal Rondon - Guara / SP and other College Evolution - Guara / SP. The learning experience is described in this paper and the product was produced education tours for student experiments.
Síntese e avaliação da atividade biológica de neolignanas e análogos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-17)
Souza, Vanessa Almeida de
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Corrêa, Arlene Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425467156776144
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9454254517018113
Substituted benzofurans and neolignans have considerable pharmacological potential. In this work, we report some synthetic methods for the construction of these rings, as well as their derivatives. Through the oxidative coupling reaction between isoeugenol, some neolignans were obtained. Employing the McMurry and Sonogashira cross coupling, Wittig-Horner olefination or condensation of 2- hydroxyacetophenones with bomoacetophenones led to the formation of different benzofurans. The biological activities of the obtained compounds were evaluated against the microorganisms of Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and tuberculosis, and also against the Trypanosoma cruzi gGAPDH enzyme. The neolignans showed better activity against epimastigote forms of T. cruzi, and one of the compounds showed a very close activity when compared to the standard benznidazole. The neolignans also showed good results against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis, with IC50 values below 26 μM; and activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with MIC of 31.25 μM for compounds 66, 70 and 73. The benzofurans were, in general, more active against the L. amazonensis than T. cruzi. The benzofurans also showed interesting activity against the M. tuberculosis, with MIC of 15.12 μM for compound 97. All compounds tested showed no activity against the gGAPDH enzyme.
Técnicas de bioinformática aplicadas ao estudo de poligalacturonases de fungos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-18)
Santos, Adriana Miranda dos
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Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6845476344714243
Plant cell walls are composed of approximately 65% cellulose microfibrils and pectin. The latter is proteolytically degraded by the so-called pectinases enzymes (also known as pectinolytic enzymes). Pectinases may be either depolymerizing. They are produced by plants, filamentous fungi, bacteria, and yeast. Due to the wide commercial use of pectinase, one has testified a growing number of studies devoted to understand the activities of such enzymes. Bioinformatics tools were employed throughout this work in order to study fungal polygalacturonase (PG) under two aspects. Firstly, all stored fungal PG sequences in databases (2093) were analyzed in order to evaluate through searching for sequential motifs and phylogenetic studies the possibility to classifying the enzymes as either Endo- or Exo-PG. After excluding those with less than 70 amino acids, those that corresponded to the hypothetical protein , and those that were neither PG nor fungal PG, there were 957 sequences left. Those sequences were separated according to genus and species. For each group, multiple sequence alignments were made by using ClustalW software. The alignments were analyzed and the sequences displaying 100% identity were then expunged, thus resulting in a database of unique sequences of fungal PG. By means of the alignment, the study of structural motifs, and the construction of phylogenetic trees, one was able to classify all the sequences according to their mode of action in either Endo- or Ex-PG. Throughout the second part of our research, protein homology-modeling methods were employed while constructing a three-dimensional model of a L. gongylophorus fungal polygalacturonase, symbiont of leaf-cutting ant. The model was validated by PROCHECK, VERIFY 3D, and WHAT IF software. By analyzing the 3D model of the L. gongylophorus PG, a catalytic mechanism of the enzyme was outlined, which may take place by inverting the configuration of sugar anomeric carbon (substrate).
Desenvolvimento de multicamadas metálicas do tipo Pt/Ir/Pt eletrodepositadas em titânio para eletrocatálise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-19)
Zulke, Alana Aragon
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3148428465823048
Regarding to the search for new energy sources, of renewable character, fuel cells fall into one of the most studied proposals on Electrochemistry. More specifically, the direct fuel cells (DAFCs) using short-chain alcohols as fuel, have attracted the attention of researchers over the past two decades. Problems related to the energy efficiency of Pt-based catalysts for use in fuel cells, drive several studies in the literature concerning to the modification of these catalytic systems. Thus, have been proposed in the literature, other materials than pure Pt, such as alloys in binary and ternary composition, and more recently, metallic multilayered structures(MM), the latter being the study object of this work. Platinized titanium electrodes were prepared by potentiostatic electrodeposition technique (0.05 V vs RHE), and times of 1000 sec were necessary to obtain an identical polycrystalline platinum voltammetric profile, with guaranteed reproducibility. On these substrates, Ir/Pt bilayered systems were electrodeposited controlling films thickness through the deposition charge. Calculations revealed mass loading of platinum between13.4 and 26.3 μg and maximum film thickness of 43.2 nm. AFM images confirmed the homogeneity of the coatings as well as the total covering of the substrate. A screening of variables with the aid of a 22 factorial design with central point showed better intrinsic catalytic activity (current density normalized by the electroactive area) for the Ti/Pt25mC/Ir6mC/Pt system, which answers were around 270% higher than those obtained for Ti/Pt systems. In addition to the methanol oxidation voltammetry, chronoamperometric tests of methanol oxidation and CO stripping voltammetry suggest the MM-like systems are less susceptible to the catalyst poisoning phenomenon compared to the Ti/Pt systems. Assuming that there are no area effects due the current normalization through the electroactive area, nor the possibility of a bifunctional mechanism occurring,considering that are just Pt catalytic centers exposed, an explanation for the purposes of promoting catalytic activity may be based on electronic effects due to the possible compressive stress generated by the bilayer Ir/Pt causing an energy enlargement of the d band, lowering the adsorbates energy of adsorption. EIS data indicated a lower resistance to charge transfer in the reactions performed on MM systems, which strengthens the argument regarding the positive electronic effects associated with MM-like structures.
Ensino de química para alunos cegos : desafios no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-19)
Aragão, Amanda Silva
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Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7257235226412428
The using of models on Chemistry Teaching is tying the understanding of various subjects, namely, molecular representation, chemical functions, stoichiometry, and others, to visual signification. These skills are important for a critical and conscious formation of the student, regarding the using of chemical substances on his daily life. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend how blind students can apprehend Chemistry notions, since that they are connected to social questions in which the individuals are involved. To understand the context of participation of these students at school in Chemistry classes, were interviewed visually impaired students of two classes of the first year of High School, of a state school in a city in São Paulo state, their Chemistry teachers and the teacher of the resources room. Beyond that, to understand the dynamics of school Chemistry classes, was performed the participant observation in these classes. Through this monitoring, was possible a better contact with the visually impaired students, what became essential for the understanding of their school routine. Regarding the difficulties on Chemistry learning is possible to say that, considering the contact with the students, they are connect to the subjects that demand visual perception and spatial interpretation, like graphics. Beyond the observation, were made pedagogical evaluations about the subject Substances and Mixtures and Atomic Models, with the aim to understand how the students apprehended the concepts involved in these subjects. Based on these data, was developed a lesson plan regarding the subject of atomistic, considering the presuppositions of historical-critical pedagogy. The classes about atomic theory resulted on the preparation of a pedagogical-didactic material in order to provide means for the apprehension of Chemistry concepts by the students. The material was used in Chemistry classes, and the elaboration of concepts, from such material, was accompanied during the process of students development and learning process.
Um olhar para a gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos a partir de indicadores de sustentabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-20)
Lozano, Marisa Cubas
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1539390812340093
Solid waste management has been shown to be a major challenge for local governments given the high operational costs and increasing amounts of waste generated. Inadequate waste management, as well as the damage to the environment and to public health, gives rise to great expense for its mitigation. There is a need to search for solutions which focus on, among other things, the economic efficiency for a healthy environment. This can be attained through sustainable development, shown to be an alternative model of development to the present one. To guarantee that sustainability is the aim of a given activity, it is necessary to establish goals and to periodically assess the system to trace opportunities and correct possible errors. Such assessment can be done via the use of sustainability indicators, a tool that has been consolidated in the search for sustainability in several spheres, including business and public, from data collection to generate information. In this work, based on an ample literature review, systems of indicators were identified and an analysis of the indicators that deal with solid waste management relating them to the dimensions of sustainability and to those principles of sustainability specific to the management of solid waste. The indicator systems were divided into two groups: sets of sustainability indicators that deal with solid waste, and sets of sustainability indicators specific for evaluating solid waste management. In the former, the environmental dimension is highlighted, dealt with by all of the systems in at least one of the sustainability principles related mainly to indicators connected to recycling and garbage collection. In the second group, the indicators are distributed in a balanced way between the dimensions, although the principle of work and income generation and that of promoting sustainable standards of production and consumption were covered by fewer indicators as opposed to the other principles.
Expressões faciais de emoções de crianças com deficiência visual e videntes: avaliação e intervenção sob a perspectiva das Habilidades Sociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-20)
Ferreira, Bárbara Carvalho
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8526931736038748
The ability of expressing emotions via facial expressions is an indispensable component of some required childhood social skills. Therefore, facial expressions are crucial for successful social relations and the quality of life of both typically developing children and persons with special educational needs, such as visual impaired children. As facial expression of emotions and social skills are profoundly connected, there is the demand of programming interventions directed to maintaining, modulating and enhancing facial expressions topographically and functionally. In order to produce interventions socially valid and effective, planning programs which produce indicators of external and internal validity is of utmost importance. In other words, interventions must be carried out with reliable measures and well-delimited procedures so as the acquired repertoire may be generalized and maintained. In view of social, methodological and empirical issues that underlie those areas (facial expressions and social skills), the present study aimed at evaluating the impact of a program which trained the facial expression of emotions on the social skills repertoire of blind, low vision and sighted children in (1) acquiring, enhancing and maintaining the discrimination of characteristic facial signs of each basic emotion; (2) acquiring, enhancing and maintaining facial expression of basic emotions using photo and video registers; (3) the quality of facial expressions of basic emotions registered by photos; (4) the ability of emotionally express themselves through their face, actions and voice, evaluated by parents and teachers; (5) acquiring, enhancing and maintaining their social skills, according to their self-evaluation, as well as parents and teachers evaluation. A single-case research design with pretest and posttest, multiple probes and replications intra and inter subjects was adopted. Participants were 3 blind children, 3 children with low vision and 3 sighted children. The intervention program was carried out individually and lasted for 21 sessions. Moreover, the evaluation was carried out by 2 judges, the child s parents and teachers and the children themselves. The Social Skills Rating System (SSRS-BR), Checklist for Evaluation and Probe of Emotional Expressiveness, Checklist for Assessing Facial and Emotional Expression, Inventory of Facial Expression of Emotions by Pictures and Films, Protocol for Assessing the Quality of Facial Expression of Emotions, and, Protocol for Emotional Expressiveness Assessment by Facial Expressions and Non-Verbal Components of Emotions were the instruments used for the evaluation. Except for the SSRSBR, all of the instruments were especially created for the present study. Data analysis was carried out as the following: descriptive statistical analysis was performed for each individual (subjects as their own control) and JT Method (clinical significance and reliable change index) was used in order to assess SSRS-BR data. Results indicated that blind, low vision and typically developing children (ordered from the former to the latter) presented more difficulties in discriminating the facial signs characteristic of six basic emotions during the evaluation, which took place prior to the intervention. The percentage of correct answers of all children in the probes after the intervention was between 83,3% and 100%. In addition to that, parents, teachers and judges evaluated the facial expression repertoire of participants as having improved and maintained itself after the intervention, as well as the quality of facial expressiveness. All participants improved their general score in social skills, with some reliable positive changes (improvement) and clinically significant changes, evidencing the enhancement of the participants repertoire observed after the intervention. In summary, the intervention program was effective for improving and maintaining the facial expression of emotions and some classes of social skills, especially those related to emotional expressiveness.
Caracterização e secagem de grãos de linhaça marrom (Linum usitatissimum L.) em leito fixo e fluidizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-20)
Vieira, Gustavo Nakamura Alves
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Freire, José Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1342880297913111
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a plant whose seeds have a high nutritional value due to the presence of polyunsaturated fats and dietary fiber. In terms of health benefits and versatility, flaxseed provides good control of LDL and glycaemic blood levels. In addition, flaxseeds are rich in antioxidants, which prevent degenerative diseases, such as cancer. Flaxseed has featured recently in consequence of the search of foods with functional properties. Although the Brazilian market for flaxseed is growing, it is still dependent on importing, but the potential for the growth of the national production exists, which is a motivation for the research of drying techniques, in such a way that the flaxseed properties between the harvest and the consumption are kept. In order to modeling the drying, some physical properties (amongst which the thermal conductivity, thermal capacity, grain and bulk density and effective mass diffusivity) are required for the use of conservation laws. Generally the relationship of these properties and the moisture of the grains are obtained through rehydration by directly adding water to the grains. However, this procedure does not guarantee the uniformity of the sample. The aim of this study was the proposal of a new methodology to obtain the relation between some physical properties and the moisture of the grains, based on the equilibrium moisture content procedure. Another aim of this study is the analysis of the drying focusing the comprehension of the transport phenomena involved. The equipment used for the drying experiments was a dryer which can be operated either as a batch or a continuous dryer, in fixed or fluidized bed. The influence of drying parameters (air temperature, static bed height and air flow rate) over drying kinetics was analyzed. Results show that the new methodology is potentially applicable to grains and other hygroscopic material. Drying results evidenced that the thin layer thickness for flaxseed at 50°C is between 3 and 5 cm, whereas for higher temperatures (65°C and 80°C), the thickness is equal or above 5 cm. Simple kinetic models (Lewis, Page, Overhults, diffusive) were fit to drying experimental data and the Overhults model was chosen as the most appropriate one to represent the grains moisture as a function of drying time for all the analyzed experimental conditions.
Construção dialogada da base de conhecimento da ação docente por estudantes de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-20)
Calzolari Neto, Anselmo João
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Mizukami, Maria da Graça Nicoletti
According to current scenery on knowledge production about teachers education, especially on initial formation within courses of degree, this work has intended to defend that there is an opportunity of diversification and deepening of the knowledge basis for the teaching during long duration supervised traineeship determined by Biological Sciences graduation in UFSCar. The research was oriented by the following question: Which elements of the teaching knowledge basis have been constructed by Biological Sciences Graduation students in the end of their initial formation process? From this question, the objective was developed: (1) to identify the dialogical construction of knowledge (that comprises the knowledge base) revealed by students writings and speeches from the dialogical construction process. Lee Shulman (Knowledge Basis) served as Theoretical Reasons, consider the processes of pedagogical reasoning and action. The process of teacher formation includes shared long duration regencies besides traineeship of observation. In order to investigate this process, we required some data generator instruments: (a) interpretation of eighteen participants metaphors and (b) the second year of traineeship closure conversation with seven students. Our study presents the category General Pedagogical Knowledge as the most representative regarding to teaching knowledge basis, when both the self-dialogue and the face to face dialogue were considered. The Content Knowledge and Pedagogical Content Knowledge were categories with lower expressiveness. The dialogically constructed outlines within knowledge basis were: (1) on teaching planning, (2) on elements of teaching-learning and (3) on students and their history.
Investigações sobre discriminações simples e discriminações condicionais em abelhas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-23)
Moreno, Antonio Mauricio
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8377841191821143
Research on stimulus equivalence constitutes an experimental approach to assess variables underlying the development of symbolic behavior, which depends on the establishment of conditional relations between stimuli. Matching-to-sample procedure is typically used for teaching conditional discriminations, and it has been also used in early studies with honeybees. Bees are capable of learning conditional relations between stimuli, such as specific identity relations, arbitrary relations between visual stimuli, arbitrary relations between colors and odors and generalized identity matching. Therefore, basic processes involved in symbolic behavior could be studied using honeybees as an experimental model. The main objective of the present study was to establish conditional relations in honeybees. Another goal was to test for select and reject-control relations in simple discrimination baselines, since these controlling relations are involved in responding by exclusion. In Experiment 1, eleven bees Melipona quadrifasciata and Melipona rufiventris were individually trained to perform an identity matching-to-sample task. Identity relations were demonstrated by most of the bees. In Experiment 2, four M. rufiventris were individually trained on arbitrary relations. One of these bees demonstrated an increasing trend in accuracy in an arbitrary MTS task over the last sessions. In Experiment 3, twenty Apis mellifera and four M. rufiventris were trained to perform arbitrary relations. Additionally, Apis mellifera bees were presented with a symmetry test. Apis mellifera bees had acquired arbitrary MTS, but Melipona rufiventris performed at chance level. In the symmetry test, Apis mellifera performed at chance level. In Experiment 4, twenty M. rufiventris were individually trained to perform a simple discrimination task. Subsequently, each honeybee was presented to a select and reject control test. Select as much reject control had developed in simple discrimination training with M. rufiventris. On one hand, these data indicate that in most cases the arbitrary matching performance was not accurate. Moreover, symmetry relations did not emerge from training. On the other hand, most subjects responded highly accurately in simple discrimination and identity matching tasks. Most subjects had also demonstrated select and reject-control relations. These advancements in research on basic learning processes in bees may be a promising starting point for investigating the prerequisite repertoires involved in symbolic behavior.
Proposta e aplicação do método das hélices na identificação de estudantes talentosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-23)
Christofoletti, Rui Alexandre
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Almeida, Maria Amélia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0316944549621648
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0797465333922730
The issue of identification is the major factor in an enrichment program to gifted students, because it determines which students will be attended and the criteria used in the identification process. The objective was to develop a method capable of providing a probabilistic interpretation to identify talented students from Renzulli s three rings conception. This research can be defined as quantitative, cross-sectional and correlational, which seeks to establish relationships between the concepts involved in defining giftedness. The methodological approach followed to address the issue of study is: (a) analysis of the different conceptualizations of giftedness, (b) analysis of the various processes of identifying gifted students, (c) reflection on the use of probability in science and (d) development of a mathematical procedure in order to identify gifted students. The identification of gifted students is a challenging task because of the controversy over the definition of Giftedness and its suitability to the school context under study, the subjectivity of some identification methods and the limitations of psychometric tests. The probabilistic interpretation proposed in this work agrees with this view that giftedness is not absolute and is an attempt to minimize the subjective aspects of identification processes. At the same time, due to the tendency of adopting multiple criteria to identify gifted students, the method of Propellers satisfies the need to consider the correlation between the scores obtained by students. Thus, this research presents a new way of evaluating the data obtained in the traditional processes of identifying gifted students. A pilot study was conducted and found that students with equivalent values of the mean of the scores from the identification process had different values of CTC and types of giftedness. The correct interpretation of the parameters proposed must necessarily lead school administrators to work with uncertainty. A student with a CTC value higher than another student is not necessarily more talented. This uncertainty should serve to promote discussion and reflection on how many and which students should be selected to care programs, and the same influence on the structuring of these.
Validação da via de biossíntese de selenocisteína e selenoproteínas em Trypanosoma por RNA de interferência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-24)
Costa, Fernanda Cristina
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Thiemann, Otávio Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8634678722158858
Selenium (Se) is an essential element found in selenoproteins as the 21st amino acid (Selenocysteine Sec).For the Sec incorporation and the related biosynthetic pathaway, several elements are required: tRNASec, a UGA codon and a Sec insertion sequence (SECIS), a conserved motif downstream of the selenoprotein encoding gene. Selenoproteins generally participate in the cellular redox balance, playing an important role on cell growth and proliferation. These proteins, as well as the the Sec synthesis pathway, are present in members of the Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya domains, being identified in several protozoa, including the kinetoplastids. Auranofin, a gold-contaning antirheumatic drug, is a known selenoproteins inhibitorand Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania majorcells are sensitive to this compound, with a LD50 in nanomolar range. This indicates a possible dependence of these parasites on selenoproteins. Theselenophosphate synthetase (SELD/SPS2) is responsible for the formation of monoselenophosphate from selenide and ATP, being essencial for selenoprotein biosynthesis. SPS2 knockdown led to apoptosis under sub-optimal growth conditions. The selenoproteome of these flagellated protozoa consists of distant homologs of the mammalian SelK and SelT, and a novel selenoprotein designated SelTryp, a kinetoplastidspecific protein. The functions of any of these selenoproteins are not known.We have investigated the effect of their downregulation in T. brucei to interpret their possible physiological role. The TbSelK depletion shows no effect on growth under optimal conditions, but the cells became more sensitive to endoplasmic reticulum stress agents and oxidative stress, suggesting that SelK is an ER stress-regulated protein and plays an important role in protecting T. brucei cells from ER stress agent. The TbSelT gene silence by RNA interference hampers the parasite survival, but the sensitivity to the agents tested was not asevident as it was forTbSelK, suggesting a role for TbSelT in protection against stress, but not specifically ER stress. Our results show the importance of selenocysteine and selenoproteins to parasite survival.