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Catalisadores de CuO, Fe2O3 ou Co3O4 suportados em TiO2, CeO2 ou ZrO2: preparação via Sol-gel in situ ou impregnação e avaliação na redução de NO com CO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13) Sierra-Pereira, Cristiane Alves; Urquieta-González, Ernesto Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5913784674766133; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2389975677904655
The minimization of the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is a subject of crucial interest, since them cause serious environmental problems which affect human health, vegetation and fauna. With the purpose to abate NOx, processes involving their catalytic reduction show strong potential. In the case of the reduction of NO with CO a meaningful advantage arises, once both pollutants are removed simultaneously. In order to obtain efficient and stable catalysts for this reaction, many studies have been done with the aim to improve the catalytic activity by achieving a better favorable metal-support interaction to the occurrence of the reaction and a better distribution of the active phases on the support. In this context, the objective of this study was to prepare Cu, Fe and Co based catalysts supported on TiO2, CeO2 and ZrO2 to be applied in the abatement of NO with CO. The addition of the precursors of the active phases was made during the synthesis of the support via the sol-gel method (in situ addition). Furthermore, catalysts with the same composition were prepared by conventional methods. Results from the N2 adsorption/desorption measurements show that the sol-gel method was efficient to prepare supports with improved textural properties. H2-TPR and UVVIS-DRS data evidenced the presence of Cu, Fe or Co oxides in the respective catalysts, which mostly did not show characteristic X-ray diffraction peaks of those oxide phases, suggesting their high dispersion on the supports. In general, results of the reduction of NO to N2 with CO revealed that the catalysts prepared via sol-gel are as active as those prepared by conventional routes, which demonstrate the great potential of the catalysts preparation via the sol-gel in situ procedure, which diminishes the number of the synthesis steps saving time and energy. In general, among the studied supports, ceria presented a more favorable metal-support interaction. In the presence of O2, SO2 and water steam, catalysts 6,5Cu/CeP, 5,5CuZrSG and 8,4Fe/TiC showed no significant changes in their activity and selectivity, indicating that they present high stability to be used under the severe conditions of real processes.
Percepção sobre restauro da mata ciliar realizado em propriedades rurais às margens do Ribeirão Feijão (Itirapina e São Carlos, SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13) Zattoni, Michelle; Figueiredo, Rodolfo Antônio de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854609216769461; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5814855426888356
This research aimed to survey the environmental perception of owners, employees and residents of rural properties in relation to the work of restoration of riparian vegetation. The data were collected through a structured interview script. The main result found was that respondents have relevant information about the importance of getting the reforestation to improve the quality of life and environment. However, there are difficulties in implementing conservation actions in the areas of permanent preservation in the properties, as well as lack of rural extension support. The conclusion is that a better understanding of the local environmental issues perceived by local social actors may support future actions of the governmental and nongovernmental organizations working in the region of this research.
A perspectiva de uma antropologia behaviorista radical: cultura, variação, seleção e transmissão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13) Leugi, Guilherme Bergo; Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2139829479046389
Since the early writings on Radical Behaviorism there has been analysis of what is commonly known as the cultural level of variation and selection. Over the past 25 years, approximately, with growing interest by the scientific community on the culture topic, as well as conceptual developments regarding behavioral contingency analogies for the cultural determination, studies on Selection by Consequences model specifically for the culture have gained prominence. Skinner textually defines culture in many different ways throughout his work; nevertheless we believe it was possible to analyze them and theoretically propose an alternative understanding, based on most general principles of Radical Behaviorism with special attention to this theory determinism, regarding the functional relations established among environment and human actions. We understand that it is possible to comprehend the cultural system of determination of behavior as related to the environment which is historically and socially produced, not only referring to sets of behaviors repeated over generations. Cultural practices, as a proposition, would be redefined as parts of the behavioral environment (in this case, comprehended as reinforcing cultural practices). We also believe that it was possible to define a schematic model of determination based on the environmental and historical aspects, which is expected to be comprehensive in relation to culturally determined behavior (whether those behaviors produced in groups or those emitted alone, but which still are socially build). After these analyzes, we took a quick foray into Anthropology attempting to establish ways for the methodological inclusion of ethnography in the field of behavioral study of the culture. The current work is intended as an interpretative possibility and has not, of course, exhausted the subject matter or completely solved the problem of environmental determination on culture.
Efeito da inclusão de levedura na ração de tilápias na fase larval sob os parâmetros microbiológicos, bioquímicos, físico-químico e sensorial da qualidade do filé
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13) Costa, Patrícia Braun; Dias, Luciana Thie Seki; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0630011302129660
This work aimed to study the different effects of supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) during sex reversal in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) represented by hybrid GIFT on microbiological parameters, biochemical, physicochemical and sensory quality during storage and sensory analysis of fresh fillets. The experiment was conducted at the premises of UPD Pirassununga, APTA Pole Middle East tilapia larvae with two days of age were placed in aquariums 40litros according to the treatments, and were fed with 60mg of the hormone 17 α metil-testosterona/kg ration for 30 days for sex reversal. Treatment with fish larvae that received the supplementation of yeast had the same diet with hormone plus the addition of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% yeast fully dried and milled then constituting T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. At the end of 08 months, the fish were slaughtered. The performance was calculated. For statistical analyzes of the results we used the GLM procedure of SAS (Statistical Analysis System, 1996). To verify the significance between treatment means was used Tukey test at 5 and 1% probability. The results showed that supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the diet of Nile tilapia shows that treatment with 1% yeast inclusion was better than the other treatments in the mean values of lipids and the lipids and triglycerides increased can not necessarily have an effect of diet, but may be a genetic trait hybrid Gift, requiring further studies to confirm this, that in addition to the sensory evaluation treatment with 2% addition of yeast showed better consumer acceptance, and purchase by panelists, and there was significant differences between treatments regarding the attributes of color, odor, taste and texture and microbiological analyzes showed no differences between treatments and storage times.
Experimentos em ondas e acústica para auxiliar o processo ensino e aprendizagem da física no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13) Silva, Klaus Nogueira da; Olivieri, Carlos Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1021041885739982; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7978315088657109
This paper describes the development of experimental activities with the aid of the microcomputer as a measuring tool in the laboratory teaching of physics, as well as an account of his experience in the classroom. Using the software Audacity activities were carried out involving acoustic wave phenomena and as an aid for the development of a significant learning in high school. As theoretical references were used sociointeractionist theories of Vygotsky and Ausubel's meaningful learning. The instructional material was applied to two groups of high school students: a State School Marechal Rondon - Guara / SP and other College Evolution - Guara / SP. The learning experience is described in this paper and the product was produced education tours for student experiments.
A construção do conhecimento agroecológico através da utilização de ferramentas participativas no Projeto "Assentamentos Sustentáveis" nas regiões de Ribeirão Preto e Itapeva, São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13) Souza, Tatiane de Jesus Marques; Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0343116060357809
This study aims discusses the use of participatory methods in agroecological practices developed by the project "Social and environmental capacitation for the building of sustainable development projects in rural settlements in the state of São Paulo" that used as methodology the Participatory Rural Appraisal, the Participatory Action Research and the Participatory Observation. The localities chosen for the discussion, because of the similarity of thematic worked, were two settlements of agrarian reform; the Sepé Tiaraju, that has a sustainable development propose since its formation; and the Pirituba, one of the first settlements in the state, structured in the conventional production system. This paper discussed progresses and challenges related with methodological strategies used in this settlements for the building of agroecological knowledge. Progresses are primarily related to the strategic participation of the project construction, of the process of farmers experimentation and the knowledge exchange executed. The challenges are related to the autonomy of the farmers groups, who were part of the project and to the extension of the type of the public, mainly related to the gender issue of those who were part of the activities.
Comunidades de aves frugívoras e nectarívoras e disponibilidade de recursos em dois estádios sucessionais de regeneração de Mata Atlântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-04-13) Silva, Bruna Gonçalves da; Piratelli, Augusto João; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058; Christianini, Alexander Vicente; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2295622727813765; Antunes, Alexsander Zamorano
The availability of food resources in different degrees of regeneration of a forest may contribute to possible variations in species abundance and composition of bird communities. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the structure of frugivores and nectarivores bird communities and the availability of food resources - flowers and fruit - in two successional stages of regeneration (initial-secondary and advanced) of the Atlantic Forest. To reach this goal, frugivores and nectarivores birds were monitored in representative sites of these stages, considering seasonality and production of flowers and fruits at each stage over a year. The frugivores and nectarivores were compared in richness, species composition, relative abundance and diversity. We used fixed point counts for sampling birds, and to estimate the production of flowers and fruits, we delimited three replicates of four plots (10x10m) at each stage of succession. The two studied successional stages differed significantly in most of the analyzed vegetation structure variables. The composition and relative abundance of some bird species also showed differences between the two stages of regeneration, but not quantitative parameters as richness and diversity. There were variations in plant community phenological curves and in the amount of the floral production between the two successional stages. The relative abundance of frugivores had a significantly positive relationship with the amount of available ripe fruits. In the advanced stages, the relative abundance of nectarivores birds had a significantly positive relationship to the number of individuals of flowering epiphytic plant species; while in secondary stages of regeneration there was no change in the abundance of nectarivores birds in response to floral resource availability. Thus, in areas that are not continuous to primary forests may occur in a declining population of frugivorous and nectarivorous birds in response to variations in the phenological curves and food shortages causing changes in the processes of breeding and selection of plant species, which can bring significant implications for the conservation of birds and plants.