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Adubação verde em cultivo consorciado para produção de pimenta-biquinho (Capsicum chinense) em sistema orgânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-04)
Dedini, Gabriel Ferraz de Arruda
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9879025761412751
The cultivation of peppers occurs in practically all regions of the country and is one of the crops that better integration exerts between the small farmer and the agribusiness. Thus it is desirable to develop technologies that combine the production of peppers with the conservation of natural resources, allowing recovery of soils and the economic stability of families that depend on this system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of species and managements of green manure on mineral nutrition, growth and productivity of pepper-pout (Capsicum chinense). The experiment was conducted in the agricultural year 2010/2011 at the Center for Agricultural Sciences, UFSCar, Araras-SP. The treatments were a combination between green manure species: bean (Canavalia ensiformis DC) and sunn-hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), and three forms of management of green manure in consortium with pepper-pout: green manures grown throughout the cycle of pepper, green manures managed (cut) in the flowering of pepper (75 days after transplanting, DAT), green manures handled at the first harvest of the fruits of pepper (90 DAT). And one more treatment (control), only with the pepper-pout plants, with mineral fertilization. The results showed that the species Crotalaria juncea and bean-pig conducted in consortia with plants of pepper-pout, when handled at 75 days after transplanting of vegetable crop, caused an increase in height and canopy diameter of pepper and fruit yield similar to the cultivation of pepper with exclusive use of mineral fertilizer. Overall, the releases of nutrients from biomass of green manure followed the nutritional demand of pepper plantspout, regardless of the time of cutting. But the bean-pig conducted throughout the cycle of pepper reduced fruit yield, probably by competition established between green manure and pepper.
Fenologia da floração e rede de interação entre abelhas e plantas em uma área em processo de restauração florestal localizada em Araras-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-06)
Santos, Jussara Fernanda
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0466415454233744
The most widely used in forest restoration projects is heterogeneous planting seedlings. This methodology was used in an area of one hectare in the restoration process implemented in 2009 on the campus of UFSCar Macaw. High values are invested in financial forest restoration especially when there is a need for planting seedlings, so the assessment and monitoring of restoration projects are legitimate concerns. Considering the importance of awareness of the availability of floral resources and ecological areas restored, and the importance of bees as pollinators in natural and agricultural areas, the overall objective of this study was to identify the pattern of flowering in the area in the restoration process, considering the period of three years after establishment. The specific objective was to evaluate the use of woody species by the community of bees visiting the flowers. To assess the availability of floral resources utilized a method of presence and absence and intensity index Fournier. Observations were made on flowers to collect the bees. It was built a network of qualitative interaction between species. This work was divided into two chapters, the first chapter deals with the characterization of the flowering phenology and plant species studied. The second chapter presents the richness of bee floral visitors observed during 2011 and describes the resources acquired by them at the time of visit, and presents the network of interactions among species. The phenological study enables to visualize the availability of flowers at certain times of the year, seven species were found planted with flowering, the period with greater timing and intensity was between January and March, the hottest season of the year and wet. There was a flowering woody species regenerating in the Solanum lycocarpum that in the colder months and dry was important for maintaining flowers in the area. We identified 20 species of bees that collected nectar and pollen. The network of interaction was 42.5% connectance and shown to be nested with heterogeny and indices T equal to 13.80 and NODF equal to 64.9. The two approaches are very important tools for monitoring and evaluating the availability of floral resources for bees visiting areas in the process of forest restoration.
Falar e calar no teatro brasileiro contemporâneo: uma análise discursiva da obra de Plínio Marcos (1958-1993)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-07)
Leppos, Denise Aparecida de Paulo Ribeiro
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Piovezani Filho, Carlos Félix
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1677609008094603
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4621333559718511
La investigación propone un análisis del discurso teatral brasileño contemporáneo como expresión de las formaciones ideológicas vinculadas ciertamente a las formaciones discursivas. Más exactamente, el trabajo consiste en un enfoque discursivo de algunas piezas del dramaturgo Plínio Marcos. El corpus tendrá las siguientes obras: Barrela; Dois perdidos numa noite suja; O abajur lilás; Querô: uma reportagem maldita; O assassinato do anão do caralho grande, A dança final y Transas das sextas-feiras. El trabajo enfocará, en un primer momento, algunos aspectos de la historia teatral en que la relación teatro/política sobresalga, porque el teatro no es apenas para ser escenificado como espectáculo, sino una manera de compromiso y crítica social. Las obras presentan lo que se consideraba lenguaje coloquial, vulgar, grosero y subversivo en la época de la Dictadura Militar. Los enunciados, en los que ese tipo de lenguaje se materializa, producen efecto de sentido por medio de las formaciones discursivas en las cuales están inseridos y de sus condiciones de producción, atravesados por el contexto autoritario de las décadas de 1960/70. Por lo tanto, proponemos un análisis basado en los principios del Análisis del Discurso de línea francesa - Michel Pêcheux y su grupo-, para el cual las formaciones discursivas concebidas en un paradigma marxista derivan de formaciones ideológicas , de modo a aparecer en el discurso la lengua y la historia. Observaremos, a partir de eso, la presencia de los silencios/silenciamentos promovidos por la censura y el ambiente autoritario de la época utilizando la teoría de Eni Orlandi en el discurso de algunas piezas del Plínio Marcos, en las que el silencio es la propia condición de sentido, o sea, "el silencio es el indicio de una instancia significativa (ORLANDI, 2009, p. 68), determinando por medio de las Formaciones Discursivas lo que puede e debe ser dicho. Además, realizaremos un análisis de los tabúes linguísticos existentes en algunas de las obras citadas de Plínio Marcos, en el cual el objetivo es observar los efectos de sentido (producción de la verdad) que el coloquialismo causa para la formación de las imágenes del sujeto en una interfase lengua/discurso y sociedad-. Para alcanzar el objetivo de nuestro estudio, optamos por dividirlo en los siguientes capítulos: I) Lo dramático como institución y crítica social: el teatro en escena, II) Los silenciamientos de una formación discursiva: la censura en escena y III) Por un enfoque discursivo del registro informal de la lengua: efectos de sentido del lenguaje coloquial en Plínio Marcos.
Estado de conservação e dados de distribuição da fauna troglóbia brasileira com propostas de áreas prioritárias para proteção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-08)
Gallão, Jonas Eduardo
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Bichuette, Maria Elina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036937156228912
In this paper, we analyzed the Brazilian subterranean fauna, in relation to the actual conservation status, considering the knowledge of its biodiversity, threats to the conservation of this environment and the current legislation relevant to our speleological heritage. The work was divided into chapters, for publication purposes. In chapter I, we present faunal lists of Brazilian troglobitic species (with formal descriptions and not yet described, totaling a minimum of 252 species), their distributions, besides the main causes of destruction / threat of subterranean realm. Still, we propose the Serra do Ramalho, southwestern Bahia state, as a priority area for conservation, since the pressure mining and other factors could decimate the caves of this region biologically important. In chapter II, we discuss about the difficulties of species inclusion in the Red List, and its effective protection, with a case study of Brazilian troglobitic fishes. Problems such as the taxonomic impediment, geographical variations and inclusion only of binomials (Genus species) are discussed. In chapter III, we elected a new hotspot for neotropical subterranean fauna, quartzitic caves from Igatu, in the center region of Chapada Diamantina, central Bahia state. In addition, we tested one of the items of the Instrução Normativa No. 2 of Decreto 6640, which legislates about environmental impact studies of Brazilian caves and we demonstrate that there is not any protectionist law for our subterranean environment.
Found-footage film - documentário de arquivo: o cinema de Emile de Antonio e uma análise de In The year of the pig
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-08)
Altafini, Thiago
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Gamo, Alessandro Constantino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8208629144314123
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6662285739178985
A conceptual overview about documentaries made from archival footage, named foundfootage films. The main reference for the analysis of cinematographic production for the period prior to the year 1960 is the book Films Beget Films, published in 1964 by the American researcher Jay Leyda. This essay seeks to complement the research of Jay Leyda addressing aspects of the biography and work of American filmmaker Emile De Antonio, pointing out the relevance of your audiovisual production in the field of documentary from the use of archival material. The documentary In The Year of the Pig (1968) and his fragmentary, enigmatic and somewhat didatic historical narrative, are subjected to analysis. The goal of this study is an approximation of the De Antonio`s narrative with the concept of historical allegory in the film, according to Brazilian researcher Xavier, based on the ideas of Walter Benjamin on modernity and the role of allegory in the process of reinterpreting history and culture.
O estágio na licenciatura em matemática : um espaço de formação compartilhada de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-09)
Andrade, José Antônio Araújo
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Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8887795744073669
The main objective of this research was to analyze the potential of a work shared between current and future Mathematics teachers. The focus of this research is the learning of teaching, which is established by the relation with the knowledge, or in this case, with the knowledge mobilized in the context of pedagogic practices. The following problematic were formulated: which knowledge is mobilized and/or (trans)formed on learning of teaching in a context of shared work? Which elements act or make possible the learning of teaching and professional development in a context of shared work? The option was to investigate an experience of shared work through written or oral narratives. Data collection was done during the school year of 2009. Twenty one students of graduation, ten collaborator professors and the advisor/researcher took part in this research. Ten work teams were constituted, which compounded the investigation scenario. The following aspects were analyzed: the reflexive process of graduation students during their participation and learning while teaching Mathematics in the scholar context, the possibilities and potential of collaborative work for the teacher formation through the internship and for the consolidation of the teaching profession, the knowledge and reflection initiated in this process, and the contributions for the supervised internship for the continuing formation and for Scholar Mathematics ideas of these actors. The analysis of the content allowed us to establish four meaning units: professionalization; learning of teaching; tensions and contradictions, and cultural confrontations (relationship university school). It is necessary to consider that from this four meaning units, the first two were took as categories of analysis. In these units it was possible to note the formation potential on the constitution of multiple learning. An identity process was established between the trainees and the profession in the reflection moments about practices with which they started interacting. Diverse knowledge was mobilized, which culminated on the learning related to: curriculum management in Mathematics (classes planning and their conduction guided by an investigative and problematizing posture; the meaning of evaluative processes; the importance of interactions in classroom for the establishment of a learning environment for the students). Moreover, it was possible to identify important aspects of the professional development of the supervisor teacher, which characterize the beginning of her self-management in relation to her formation process. This research allowed us to glimpse a new course for internship activities in which the relationship between university and school is strengthened in order to look for possibilities or strategies that look for the better interaction among the subjects of these activities, thinking that the evolution of teaching professionalization depends on an initial formation that provides autonomy to the subject management of its own professional practices.
Estudo da ruptura dielétrica durante a anodização de zircônio e o seu efeito sobre o processo de dopagem anódica de ZrO2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-09)
Santos, Janaina Soares
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5802009429183443
In this work the fundamental aspects of electrolytic breakdown in ZrO2 films were investigated. The electrolytic breakdown is a type of dielectric breakdown that occurs during galvanostatic growth of anodic oxides. To perform this investigation, the study was divided in two parts: (i) the modification of ZrO2 films by anodic doping and (ii) characterization of the electrical discharges (sparks) that appears on the electrode surface during zirconium anodization. The anodic doping study aimed to monitor the system and analyze the influence of current density, temperature and dopant concentration on the electrochemical, morphological and microstructural properties of ZrO2 films doped with calcium and niobium ions. The factorial design technique was used to optimize the number of experiments and quantify the effects of experimental variables on the responses. The results showed that all variables influenced the electrochemical response, leading to changes in morphology and microstructural properties of the ZrO2 doped films. This result was observed because these variables can affect the mobility of ionic species, ionic transport inside the oxide, the electrolyte resistivity and the dissolution process of the oxide. The spark characterization study aimed to investigate the evolution of electrical discharges during the experiment and correlate them with the processes observed in the anodization curve of zirconium. Hence, the electrode surface was recorded during the experiments using a high definition and high speed video camera. The image analysis allowed the calculation of the size, quantity and lifetime of the sparks discharges. Due to the enormous amount of data, it was necessary to develop a new methodology to analyzing the results. The methods used were based on techniques of imaging processing and multivariate data analysis. The use of these techniques coupled to electrochemical ones provided new insights that elucidated some aspects of the breakdown phenomenon. Furthermore, it provided guidelines for the implementation of future work.
Determinaçâo da toxicidade tópica e oral do inseticida fipronil e efeitos de suas doses subletais no comportamento de abelhas sem ferrão Melipona scutellaris (Latreille, 1811)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-09)
Lourenço, Clara Tavares
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4674980501476375
Melipona scutellaris bee, known as "uruçu" belong to the tribe Meliponini, popularly called stingless bees. This bee is endemic in northeastern Brazil and is distinguished by its ease of domestication and management, significant honey production and potential for pollination in greenhouses and open field. The insecticide fipronil acts on the insect nervous system by blocking the chloride channels through of the receptors gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (GluCl). Widely used in Brazil and more than 70 countries is considered highly toxic to bees, which is why its use was banned in France in 2004. Toxicological studies of pesticides to bees use mostly as a model species A. mellifera bee, which sublethal doses of fipronil can cause behavioral changes related to core tasks for the colony, such as feeding and foraging. However, differences in susceptibility between species of bees to insecticides may expose native bees there is a greater risk. The aim of this study was to determine the topical LD50 and oral LC50 of insecticide fipronil for stingless bee M. scutellaris and evaluate the effects of fipronil sublethal doses and concentrations in the locomotor activity and in the Proboscis Extension Reflex (PER) these bees. Foragers were collected in the output of three different colonies, consisting of three repetitions with ten bees each and they were placed in plastic pots of 250 mL. Bees subjected to topical treatments were anesthetized with CO2 and received 1.0 μL insecticide solution on pronotum with previously established doses (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 5.0 ng of fipronil / μL solution), applied with a repetitive automatic micropipette. Bees subjected to oral contamination received sucrose solution contaminated with concentrations of fipronil determined previously (0.0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.5 ng a.i./ μL sucrose solution) for 24 hours. The insecticide fipronil was considered highly toxic to these bees, both topically and orally. The topical intoxication resulted in a LD50 (48 hours) was 0.41 ng / bee (4.1 ng / g bee). The oral contamination resulted in a LC50 (48 hours) was 0.011 ng / μL of sucrose solution or, considering the amount of food they forage M. scutellaris consume daily in an oral LD50 of 0.6 ng a.i. / bee. The topic sublethal dose 0.05 ng a.i./bee and oral sublethal concentration 0.0011 ng a.i./ μL sucrose solution were cause significant changes for the locomotor activity these bees. The PER don't was a functional methodology for M. scutellaris bees. Results show that the bee M. scutellaris is more sensitive to fipronil than A. mellifera and that fipronil sublethal dose and concentrations affected the locomotor activity these bees.
Internet e campanhas eleitorais: experiências interativas nas cibercampanhas presidenciais do Cone Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-09)
Iasulaitis, Sylvia
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Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4226275371443693
In this thesis we develop an analysis aiming to understand the new formatting of politics in the era of Web 2.0. The overall objective was to investigate "if" and "how" the Internet's potential for human interaction was used by the candidates and coalitions in recent presidential campaigns in the Southern Cone and "if" and "how far" the interactive tools on websites electoral were used to strengthen ties with the electorate during political campaigns and increase the quality of democratic processes. In this thesis we seek to allow two levels of analysis: the formal structure of the website and political action that it develops. We analyze the logic of the candidates' campaign coordination in the use of discussion forums for government proposals, the constraints and incentives to encourage participation of ordinary citizens and the level of control exercised, and on the other hand, the way they interacted with Internet campaigns, with candidates and each other from these tools, the form and content of discursive exchanges held there and the nature of the proposals that resulted from this interaction. We start from the assumption that the availability of online discussion forums create an opportunity structure that can increase the possibility of political action of ordinary citizens to communicate their preferences, perform inputs, participate in the construction of political projects, as well as compel the candidates to conceive with more clearly their political platforms. However, the type of product is the result of the design of the interface and how the Internet and using the candidate technology, rather than a pre-determined by it, ie, depends on how the rules are articulated objective, strategies election, the political interest and the ability of the actors involved. We tested six corollaries specific empirical contexts and concrete objects of our investigation were the platforms for discussion and collaborative construction of government programs of four presidential candidates from Argentina, Chile and Brazil during the 2007 elections, 2009 and 2010, respectively, and the corpus of empiricalresearch in 2727 totaled posts analyzed. For purposes of this study, we performed a composition techniques that resulted in a specific methodological apparatus, including observation of interactions mediated by the computer, data collection and content analysis. The model consists of a first effort to develop a methodological research strategy discussion forums established in the electoral environment of websites. The evaluation of the quality of the discussions was undertaken according to eight dimensions of analysis based on methodological parameters DQI - Discourse Quality Index (Constraints and incentives for participation, inclusiveness and diversity, reciprocity debate, mutual respect, Identification, Degree of heterogeneity, thematization and effectiveness of content and interactive interface), which were operationalized into indicators, qualitative and quantitative.
Florestas tropicais sazonalmente secas: estudo da ocupação das áreas através de espécies representativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-15)
Kortz, Alessandra Rocha
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Koch, Ingrid
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4839123900255164
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
Intergeracionalidade das habilidades sociais entre pais e seus filhos adolescentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-15)
Comodo, Camila Negreiros
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Del Prette, Almir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1022196212162281
The Behavior Analysis assigns an important role in the cultural practices of a group, since they refer to behavior patterns passed down through generations that may favor the development of a healthier culture. At the same time, the literature of social skills theoretical and practical has produced evidence that an elaborate repertoire of social skills is configured as a protective factor to deficits and pathologies, contributing to individuals quality of life. Thus, the learning of social skills, which can occur through the transmission between generations (intergenerational), is essential both for the healthy development of children and teenagers as well as a more ethical culture. Considering this evidence the present study aims to: (1) characterize the repertoire of social skills of parents and teenagers, (2) analyze the characteristics of social skills more frequently in the repertoires of parents and children respondents; (3) identify the possible correlation between the repertoire of social skills of parents and children.To this end, a sample of 142 students aged 12 to 17 years of public and private schools as well as their parents were evaluated in relation to their repertoire of social skills through inventories IHS-Del Prette and IHSA-Del Prette. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially by the Kruskal-Wallis H and Spearman tests. The results suggest that the social repertoires of adolescents and parents are differentiated according to gender of respondents, age and parental education. The data also show that there are transmissions of social skills classes (assertiveness, empathy, emotional approach and self-confidence) from parents to children. This transmission is differentiated according to the sex of parents and children and age of children. Therefore, are discussed the importance of an elaborate social skills repertoire in parents, as well the contribution that these results can bring to the culture.
Poética do cinema infantil brasileiro : aspectos temáticos, formais e mercadológicos em Menino maluquinho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-16)
Ou, Mirian
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Gamo, Alessandro Constantino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8208629144314123
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2999114932382239
This work focuses on children's films and aims to raise some of their thematic, aesthetic and commercial characteristics. To do so, takes as its starting point the poetics of cinema as defined by Bordwell (2007) and analyzes two Brazilian films: The nutty boy a film (Helvécio Ratton, 1994) and The nutty boy 2 (Fernando Meirelles and Fabrizia Alves Pinto, 1998).
Estudo de estrutura genética da espécie de Cactácea colunar Pilosocereus machrisii utilizando DNA microssatélite
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-17)
Perez, Manolo Fernandez
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0179487334009838
Pilosocereus machrisii is a columnar cacti with natural fragmented distribution; restrict to campos rupestres vegetation patches or rocky outcrops on the Cerrado domain; in Central and eastern Brazil. These features makes P. machrisii an appropriate biological model for population genetic studies aiming to gather information on population structure; since small and isolated populations are often vulnerable to genetic drift and high levels of inbreeding. Genetic diversity and population structure were assessed for ten microsatellite loci in 12 P. machrisii populations; covering the majority of the species distribution. Genetic diversity levels were relatively similar on sampled populations; except for Brotas-SP samples; that showed lower levels than those observed for other locations. Significant Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium departures were detected in eight different populations; for one or two loci. High levels of genetic differentiation and private alleles with elevated frequencies were detected; with total FST value of 0.357. The genetic structure of P. machrisii was analyzed with STRUCTURE and SAMOVA softwares; and populations were grouped in four main clusters; with secondary structure on two of these clusters. Significative levels of correlation between genetic and geographic distances were observed for the whole dataset; however; when the genetic groups were analyzed separately; no correlation was verified. Furthermore; the genetic relationship between the populations was observed with a principal coordinate analysis (PCA) and an UPGMA dendrogram. The genetic structure observed in P. machrisii suggests that historical factors caused populations fragmentation; with subsequent geographic isolation and high genetic differentiation between them.
Influência da estrutura da vegetação de um fragmento florestal nas características físicas e químicas da água e no funcionamento do ecossistema de um córrego rural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Fernandes, Janaina de Fátima
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Tanaka, Marcel Okamoto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2768658925977757
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4250822030431392
Riparian ecosystems are being rapidly degraded due to deforestation for conversion of natural areas to agriculture, pasture, and urban development. In rural areas, riparian forest remnants can be very important for biodiversity conservation and for the maintenance and improvement of water physical and chemical characteristics as the deforested stream passes through these remnants. Here, we evaluated whether distance from the forest edge and forest structure influenced stream water physical and chemical characteristics and leaf breakdown rates, a measure of ecosystem function. Sampling was carried out from 150 m outside the remnant until 600 m inside the forest remnant. Water physical and chemical characteristics, leaf breakdown rates and riparian forest structure were evaluated at 50 m intervals until 300 m inside the remnant, and then each 100 m. Forest structure was evaluated by mean diameter at breast height, total basal area, mean canopy height, tree stratification, and tree density per plot; the variables were later reduced to the first two axes of a Principal Components Analysis (PCA), representing two gradients, 1) forest stratification vs. tree size, and 2) tree density vs. basal area. Electric conductivity and ammonium concentrations reduced as the stream passed through the remnant, whereas dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, total dissolved P, organic P, silicate concentrations, and leaf breakdown rates increased along the remnant, as determined by first-order exponential models. Residual variation of these models was regressed against the first two PCA axes of forest structure. More stratified parts of the forest, with smaller trees, resulted in lower electric conductivity values and concentrations of total nitrogen and nitrite, whereas higher density of trees resulted in lower levels of total and dissolved P, but higher rates of leaf breakdown. This suggests that the distribution of fragments with different qualities of forest, with different structures possibly influences the quality of the water stream on a scale of watersheds.
Modelos de regressão binomial correlacionada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Pires, Rubiane Maria
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854480063777126
In this thesis, a class of correlated binomial regression models is proposed. The model is based on the generalized binomial distribution proposed by Luceño (1995) and Luceño & Ceballos (1995). The regression structure is modeled by using four different link functions and the dependence between the Bernoulli trials is modeled by using three different correlation structures. A data augmentation scheme is used in order to overcome the complexity of the mixture likelihood. Frequentist and Bayesian approaches are used in the model fitting process. A diagnostics analysis is provided in order to check the underlying model assumptions and to identify the presence of outliers and/or influential observations. Simulation studies are presented to illustrate the performance of the developed methodology. A real data set is analyzed by using the proposed models. Also the correlated binomial regression models is extended to include measurement error in a predictor. This new class of models is called additive normal structure correlated binomial regression models. The inference process also includes a data augmentation scheme to overcome the complexity of the mixture likelihood.
Avaliação dos pontos de apoio (ecopontos) na gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos: estudo de caso de São José do Rio Preto - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Silva, Augusto Azevedo da
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0432344275684134
The use of Support Points (AP), also known as Eco points, the integrated management of municipal solid waste (MSW) has occurred in different cities of the world and in Brazil, such practice is spreading, albeit slowly. The prospect is that such use contributes to a better management of MSW. It is necessary, however, to monitor and evaluate these procedures to ascertain their role and improve its functioning. In this sense, this research aimed to make an assessment of the system of points of support (Ecopoints) exists in the city of São José do Rio Preto, Brazil. Therefore, data were collected on these devices, such as the characteristics and condition of its facilities, the quantities and types of waste received and other operational data. Was also made, through interviews with locals and professional users, a query on the knowledge of them regarding the importance and correct use of PA. The results showed that the use of PA was effective for receiving small volums, they are delivered by the residents, transporting small loads or construction professionals. However, the data showed some inconsistencies, showing the need for more efficient management. Similarly, data on costs of implementation and operation need to be monitored because it was not possible to assess this aspect of management. With regard to consultation with users and other residents, there was a certain ignorance of the system, although part of the population will use, indicating the need for further clarification and guidance. In general, one can consider that the points of support are a device that improves the management of municipal solid waste (in the case studied, absorbs 23% of the waste generated RCC, besides presenting a reception higher when compared to other cities), but it is necessary an efficient and dynamic to fulfill more effectively its role and not be considered only as irregular depositions that became "organized" by the municipal administration.
Textos de divulgação científica para o ensino de química: características e possibilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Ferreira, Luciana Nobre de Abreu
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Queiroz, Salete Linhares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925870606416937
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964577964173620
In recent years, researchers in science education have showed the potential of popular science texts (PST) to promote several benefits to students. Thus, investigated in this work aspects that may contribute to the discussion about the didactic use of PST in teaching chemistry. By the way, the main objectives of this work are: to select and to analyze articles published into Ciência Hoje Magazine from 2004 to 2009 witch aim was to discuss some of their features; elaborate and analyze a didactic strategy with PST, in order to understand the functioning of reading the same in the classroom; investigate the trajectory of pre-service chemistry teachers during of the preparing and implementing PST classes making. The articles were analyzed according to the content and the structure based on an analytical tool proposed by Kawamura and colleagues and the characteristics of popular scientific discourse according to Zamboni's considerations. This analysis revealed that the articles have different characteristics, although the same conditions of production, specifically with the features of scientific, didactic and laic discourses. These distinctions are positive considering that their didactic possibilities provided that they allow the teachers to be aware of those characteristics and select texts in accordance with to their didactic goals. The trajectory analysis of pre-service chemistry teachers, we made considerations about the chosen PST, their pedagogical aim, the strategies designed to make use of PST and its functioning in the classroom. Also presented the results of the three trainees preparing and practice using PST in classroom and the types of discourses appropriated by students chemistry teacher, which was based on Discourse Analysis French Line, specifically discourse typology, developed by Orlandi. The typology results demonstrated transitions from a pedagogic discourse, predominantly authoritarian, to a polemical discourse, the suggested a teaching practice not centered on the teacher. The results from the measures in high school with PST, based on the discourse typology and authorship, beyond Orlandi s author conception, showed that the interactions established between students and teacher in the moment of the reading and the discussion about PST. It was used as a basis for encouraging discussions and contextualization the theme. The conditions of production do not favored the charging of unique responses, practice which promotes the exercise of repetition without reflection. In students' written production was possible perceive meanings expanded about the studied theme. The impressions of students about the teaching proposal demonstrate their good reception of it and indicate their contributions.
Análise da estrutura filogeográfica das espécies do grupo Pilosocereus Aurisetus (Cactaceae) utilizando marcadores moleculares do genoma do cloroplasto (cpDNA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-18)
Bonatelli, Isabel Aparecida da Silva
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9946082913752883
PILOSOCEREUS AURISETUS is a taxonomic group composed by eight columnar cacti species occurring on rock outcrops in xeric environments. As other xerophitic species found outside the Caatinga domain, the species populations of P. AURISETUS group exhibit a disjunct distribution pattern within the Cerrado domain in central and eastern Brazil. Such a distribution pattern may have resulted from long-distance dispersal events or fragmentation of a more extensive distribution in the past. The main goal of this work was identify demographic events that possibly shaped the evolutionary history of the group and resulted in the current biogeographic pattern. In the present work, phylogenetic analyses and phylogeographical inferences were implemented using the nucleotide variation of plastid genomic sequences. The phylogenetic analyses showed the absence of reciprocal monophyly for great part of the species and the occurring of quite divergent species from the others of the group: P. jauruensis, P. aureispinus e P. bohlei. In addition, P. machrisii populations formed two distinct clades highly supported by the phylogeny which partly agree with the geographic distribution of the species (north and central-south). Population analyses and phylogeographical inferences allowed the identification of the diversification origin of the group and the possible expansion and fragmentation events which determined the evolutionary pathway of the populations. The genetic variability level and the genetic structure observed alongside the current distribution pattern of the populations and biological information about the species suggest that fragmentation events were the main responsible for the biogeographical pattern of the group, which should be related to the palioclimatic oscillations of the Quaternary.
Análise das condições de desaguamento de lodos de ETEs em BAG's: o caso da ETE-Limoeiro - Presidente Prudente-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-21)
Boina, Welliton Leandro de Oliveira
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Cordeiro, João Sergio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8710752577794108
Substances in Sewage Sanitary exert deleterious effects on bodies of water; the organic matter which is present may cause a decrease in concentration of dissolved oxygen, killing fish and other aquatic organisms, eutrophication by the presence of nutrients causing an accelerated growth of algae that give odor, taste and biotoxins to the water,darkening and siltation of the watercourse. In this scenario, it is of great importance the need for sewage treatment. However, in the treatment process, occurs the production of sludge rich in organic matter and nutrients, known as sewage sludge. This residue at the end of the treatment process should receive special attention, requiring proper disposal. Moreover, it is found that several sewage treatment projects do not include the final destination of the sludge that is produced, which results in the partial annulment of the benefits of collecting and treating collected wastewater. Therefore, this study presents results of analyzes performed on sludge from sewage treatment contained in BAG's of Geotextile Blanket of ETE-Limoeiro / SABESP, located in the city of Presidente Prudente, SP. The objective of this work was to characterize the physico-chemical and microbiological parameters in accordance with Resolution N° 375/06 of Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente CONAMA, and evaluate the efficiency of dewatering of sludge. Based on this, the analysis of identification and quantification of heavy metals showed values below the maximum allowed concentrations in sludge. Regarding the assessment of macro and micronutrients, analysis showed that the sludge has significant amounts of essential nutrients to the soil and plants and it can be used for this purpose after specific treatment. Regarding the biological tests for quantification of fecal coliforms, the obtained concentrations showed values that were established for the sludge Class B. The sludge was also evaluated for stability using the relation between volatile solids and total solids. This relation presented results for SV/ST below 0.70 which allowed defining the sludge as stable according to Resolution 375/06. However, the evaluation of the water removal process showed commitment of the dewatering efficiency according to the characteristics of the sludge generated in the Sewage Treatment Plant. Geotêxtil da ETE-Limoeiro / SABESP, localizada no Município de Presidente Prudente-SP. O objetivo central desta pesquisa foi à caracterização dos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos em conformidade com a Resolução Nº 375/06 do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente CONAMA, e a avaliação da eficiência do processo de remoção de água dos lodos. Ante o exposto, as análises para identificação e quantificação de metais pesados apresentaram valores abaixo das concentrações máximas permitidas em lodos. Em relação à avaliação de macro e micronutrientes, as análises demonstraram que o lodo possui quantidades significativas de nutrientes essenciais aos solos e plantas, podendo ser utilizado para esta finalidade após tratamento específico. Referente às análises biológicas para quantificação de coliformes termotolerantes, as concentrações obtidas apresentaram valores estabelecidos para lodos Classe B. Os lodos também foram avaliados quanto à estabilidade através da relação entre sólidos voláteis e sólidos totais. Esta relação apresentou resultados para SV/ST inferiores a 0,70 permitindo definir os lodos como estáveis de acordo com a Resolução 375/06. Entretanto, avaliação do processo de remoção de água, demonstrou comprometimento da eficiência do desaguamento em função das características do lodo gerado na Estação de Tratamento de Esgotos.
Alterações agudas no metabolismo energético de ratos submetidos ao exercício resistido em escada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-05-22)
Silvestre, João Guilherme de Oliveira
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7507016341078681
Previous animal s research has shown that many protocols with aimed to mimic human exercise has been used. The endurance protocols are studied very often however, some difficulties are encountered to produce resistance exercise protocols. Some animal models of resistance training have been used, as jumping exercise. Among these, stands out the rat model performed on ladder with healthy and unhealthy animals. However, the energy system and acute physiological responses associated with this protocol have not been determined. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute metabolic characteristics and the acute effects on indirect biomarkers of muscular microtrauma of acute resistance exercise performed on ladder. Fifty males Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: Exercise (E) and Control (C). The animals of E group climbed a vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails. The session was performed once with 4 9 climbs. The lactate concentration increased at the beginning of training and there was a tendency to stabilize the blood lactate during the exercise session. Serum corticosterone found in E group was significantly higher (59%; p<0.05) when compared to C group. There was no difference between free fatty acids (24% p=0.109), in the liver (8%; p=0.575) and in the gastrocnemius fatty acids content (17%; p=0.219). The glycogen in liver (42%; p<0.05) and soleus (56%; p<0.05) were different between groups. Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatine Kinase (CK) activities were significantly higher (LDH 32%; CK 27%; p<0.05) in the E than in the C group. The results suggest that this protocol is a high intensity exercise able to induce an increase in the lactate concentration at the beginning of exercise. Moreover, there were increases in indirect markers of muscle microtrauma in rats after a single exhaustive session. However, the lactate concentration was low, suggesting that the aerobic metabolism is an important factor during the intervals between the series of climbing.