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Filtração de gases a altas pressões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-31) Franco, Kleber Serrão; Aguiar, Mônica Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9688926893364744
The filtration of gases is an important industrial operation with the primary aim of removing unwanted solid particles contained in a gas. The filtration of gases at high pressures is an operation widely used in natural gas industry with the aim of separating impurities called black powder, from rust inside pipelines along the transportation. These residues can cause wear on equipment such as, for example, rotor pump, obstruction of gauges and pressure decrease in product quality. Despite being an operation widely used, few studies exist in the area to study what the best type of filter. Therefore this study is very useful to improve the steps of transportation, measurement and purity of the final product. To simulate this process, we used the dry compressed air, injecting a phosphate rock as particulate matter. The filters were tested RAD cellulose and acrylic. The surface speed of filtration was kept constant at 0.05 m / s, throughout the filtering operation. The flow of compressed air used were 14 l / min to the total pressure 1 bar, 42 l / min at a total pressure of 3 bar and 86 l / min at a total pressure of 6 bar. Total load losses were 5, 10, 20 and 30 mbar. The results showed that, initially, the curves of head loss versus deposited mass showed the same growth trend. However, when forming a layer of cake from about 0.03 kg/m2, the filtrations higher pressures had lower pressure loss. This is because the larger pressure forming pies more porous and less resistant to air flow. At the end of the study it was also observed that the acrylic filter performed better compared to the cellulose RAD, due to its greater mass of accumulated dust and low pressure drop.
Um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem para o ensino de tópicos de matemática do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-10-31) Abbondati, Mario; Caetano, Paulo Antônio Silvani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0370219014539994; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8044007407566849
The objective of this work was the development and application of a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE), based on the Moodle platform, for the study of Mathematic topics at the elementary education level. Furthermore, another purpose is to observe the student's work within this environment and, subsequently, the analysis of the results of this proposed teaching method. The VLE concept was developed with the ISMART foundation students in mind, which are studying at the Bandeirantes School, in Sao Paulo. This foundation is a nonprofit organization that grants scholarships to academically well performing students as well as those of low income families, which are selected through exams and interviews. The selected themes within VLE are quantities and also measurements, chosen for their importance and relevance in every-day life, divided into four units: Measurements of Length, Surface, Volume and Percentage. Emphasis is given to the concept of measurement, by studying the various quantities and diverse approaches, such as: historic, the use of nontraditional unit standards and interactive applications. In relation to the percentage theme, it is important that the students familiarize themselves with different representation of rational numbers (fraction, decimal and percentage). Besides that, this theme is part of the everyday information, where we are dealing with spreadsheets, graphics and statistic data. As part of the VLE, it was the intention of this study to seek real life problems that would involve the use of calculators for more complicated calculations. Furthermore, mental percentage calculations were practiced by applying a specially developed game. Resources were utilized in form of texts, images, audio, video, flash animations and Geogebra applications, besides PowerPoint exercises that were solved in a step by step method as well as other proposed exercises. The VLE was executed with ISMART students of 2011 and 2012, whereby some activities were developed at the School and others at home.