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Redução de dimensionalidade usando agrupamento e discretização ponderada para a recuperação de imagens por conteúdo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-19)
Pirolla, Francisco Rocha
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Ribeiro, Marcela Xavier
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0300141044144026
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9675322602859451
This work proposes two new techniques of feature vector pre-processing to improve CBIR and image classification systems: a method of feature transformation based on the k-means clustering approach (Feature Transformation based on K-means - FTK) and a method of Weighted Feature Discretization - WFD. The FTK method employs the clustering principle of k-means to compact the feature vector space. The WFD method performs a weighted feature discretization, privileging the most important feature ranges to distinguish images. The proposed methods were employed to pre-process the feature vector in CBIR and in classification approaches, comparing the results with the pre-processing performed by PCA (a well known feature transformation method) and the original feature vector: FTK produced a reduction in the feature vector size with an improving in the query precision and a improvement in the classification accuracy; WFD improved the query precision up to and a improvement in the classification accuracy; the combination of WFD and FTK improved also the query precision and a improvement in the classification accuracy. These are very important results, especially when compared with PCA results, which leads to a minor reduction in the feature vector size, a minor increase in the query precision and a minor increase in the classification accuracy. Also the proposed approaches have linear computational cost where PCA has a cubic computational cost. The results indicate that the proposed approaches are well-suited to perform image feature vector pre-processing improving the overall quality of CBIR and classification systems.
Abordagens de otimização para transporte, armazenagem, esmagamento e refino em empresas do complexo agroindustrial da soja no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-19)
Amaral, Mônica do
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Souza, Maurício Cardoso de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2834522198832797
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254
Soybean is one of the most important Brazilian agricultural products and its complex - composed by grain, meal and by crude and refined oils - yields about $ 30 billion only in exports annually. Approximately 40% of soybeans harvested is exported, while the remaining 60% go through industries. After processing the soy grain, meal and crude oil are obtained, and crude oil can be further refined. These products can be domestically consumed or exported. This thesis propose optimization approaches based on network flow models to represent, at the operational level, decisions on intermodal transport, processing and storage along the chain. And, at the strategic level, we propose facility location models based on mixed integer programming to support investment decisions in intermodal terminals, in processing and refining facilities, besides in warehouses. To better represent this supply chain, which is a large scale system, it is also developed a highly sparse network structure, making the models more tractable computationally. In this study, the focus is on the decision-making process of companies in this sector, rather than aimming to support government decisions in the soybean chain, as in previous studies in the literature. Typical problems of companies are specialized only in the export of soybeans and also companies operating throughout the agribusiness chain of soybean and its byproducts. This assumption deals with a natural subdivision of the network flow models in problems oriented by single product, as in the case of the first companies, and by multiproducts in the case of other enterprises. Verification tests were conducted using secondary data and realistic scenarios to illustrate the applicability of the proposed approaches. For computational effort tests, instances were randomly generated. Tests conducted in an optimization software compares the computational performance of these models in different tests of control parameters, including the use of relaxations. Additionally, some mathematical programming based heuristics were proposed and tested - relax-and-fix and fix-and-optimize - for two location models of intermodal terminals, warehouses, refineries and overwhelming, comparing the results obtained with exact and approximate approaches.
Municipalidades na governança das águas: hierarquias e interdependências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-19)
Lima, Márcio Junior Teixeira de
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4648445409049021
This dissertation addresses the forms of acting of local government in water governance, presenting the case of the Basin Committee Tietê-Jacaré, located in the central region of São Paulo State. The river basin committees are decentralized bodies that aim to discuss and decide the ways in which water resources should be managed at the local level. The new form of governance of water includes several local stakeholders involved in its use, as sectors of civil society and municipalities in the region of the basin. Through a sociological perspective, the main objective is to understand the dynamics of representation and participation of stakeholders within the Basin Committee, focusing on municipal governments. The Committee is understood here as an expression of social space where different agents are present with different social positions and try to impose their world view for all who are present. Therefore, it is important to consider the construction of hierarchies and relations of interdependence involving the main groups active in this space.
Avaliação do potencial bacterívoro de três espécies de cladocera de ocorrência tropical e subtropical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-19)
Hayashi, Luciana Hitomi
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Seleghim, Mirna Helena Regali
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998337634888263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0120277643475516
Cladocerans occupy an important position in freshwater food webs, acting like a bacteria consumer; being relatively non-selective filter feeders they can exert a strong impact on reducing microbial population. This study aimed to analyze the microbial community structure and evaluate the grazing potential in different life stages of three species of cladoceran socurring in tropical and subtropical climate (Ceriodaphnia silvestrii, Ceriodaphnia cornuta and Daphnia gessneri), using a microscopic study of their filter structures and quantifying the grazing rates, the latter experiments were performed in vitro and in situ using fluorescently labeled bacteria (FLB). The in situ experiments were performed in a predominantly mesotrophic subtropical environment (Lobo-Broa Reservoir, Brazil) on two sampling points with different trophic degrees.In parallel, physical, chemical and biological water variables were also evaluated. The bacterial densities and biomass were similar to those found in freshwater environments. For the morphotypes, there was a dominance of coccobacilli and cocci (78.5% of total). In thein vitro experiments, the lowest values found for individual ingestion rates (IIR) and removal (RR) were respectively 1,1 x 105 Bact.ind -1 h-1 and 0,1 mL.ind -1 h-1 in primiparous C. silvestrii, and the highest values were, respectively, 4,4 x 105 Bact.ind -1 h-1 e 0,4 mL.ind-1 h-1, observed in adult D. gessneri. Neonate sof all species showed relatively high ingestionand removal rates. During the in situ experiments, C.silvestrii, had the highest individual ingestion rates (IIR) 27, 7 x 104 bact ind-1 h-1. In populational terms, the studied daphnids distinguished themselves by consuming large amounts of bacteria in the rainy season. The daphnids grazing for this environment may have contributed to induce changes in the structure of bacterial communities, such as increasing the size and amount of bacterial filaments. Therefore, we noted that the bottom-up control had greater importance during the dry season and the top-down control larges timportance in the rainy season; the availability of resources and predationare also importantin the regulation of bacterial abundancein the Lobo reservoir. The studied species showed a sufficiently narrow mesh network to retain bacteria, the largest average distance between setulaewas found in primiparous C.cornuta (0.39μm), and the smallest in neonate D.gessneri (0.11μm). Although the three species have thinmeshes, the changes in its meshes occur differently for each species.
As prisões de São Paulo: dinâmicas, fluxos e as implicações nas trajetórias de egressos prisionais. Uma perspectiva a partir do monitor preso de educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-20)
Melo, Felipe Athayde Lins de
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Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
The striking phenomenon of growing urban violence and the expansion of the prison while a privileged mode of punishment in contemporary societies have increasingly attracted the attention of researchers for the description and analysis of the processes that take place in prison and from it. This research is part of in this field, having a concern to question a binomial normative of the prison policy, whereby the experience in prisons opposes the paths to "reintegration" and "criminal recidivism." Discussing these concepts and opposing to them, the research points to the need to understand the social dynamics that make up the life of prison former inmates, intersecting them with the practices of the prison administration and with the flow and the increasingly more frequent links between the inside and the outside of prisons. Thus, I seek to understand the social processes that mark the paths of former inmates of São Paulo s prison system, subject little explored in the Brazilian literature and whose approach dialogues with recent studies on the social dynamics which have an effect on the lives in prison. It also dialogues with studies that are not focused on the prison, but whose themes this institution presents itself, whether as a differentiation marker of individuals, whether as a dissemination beam of social relations linked to the world of crime. The study takes place around the description of the trajectory of Diego s life, former inmate of São Paulo s prison system, and his interaction, at different times, with the research author. Therefore, São Paulo s prison system own dynamics are described and unofficial processes of shared management of prisons are emphasized between the state administration and the different groups of prisoners currently existing. In this sharing, the education inmate monitor stands out, highlighted position occupied by Diego.
Manuseio de carga : sintomas musculoesqueléticos e indicadores psicossociais em ambiente real e efeito da adaptação de caixas na redução de fatores de risco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-20)
Nogueira, Helen Cristina
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Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049547759186556
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9985037319198420
With the rapid development of civil aviation in Brazil there was a large number of subjects involved in the aircraft maintenance work. Much of workers develop tasks involving manual material handling (MMH), which already have evidenced musculoskeletal risks. However, workers from the aircraft maintenance industry suffer huge pressure due the safety issues and the quality of the work that is performed. There were no studies in the literature that addressed the risk factors present in this sector. Thus, the aim of Study 1 was to evaluate the psychosocial indicators, as well as reports of musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders among workers iof the aircraft maintenance industry. One hundred and one employees were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, a standardized physical examination, the Job Content Questionnaire and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The results indicate that the workers are exposed to good psychosocial conditions, which have neither prevented the emergence of musculoskeletal disorders, nor the self reported pain and functional disability, particularly associated with the lower back. As the MMH was the main activity performed by the aircraft maintenance workers assessed, musculoskeletal disorders seem to be associated with the biomechanical characteristics of this activity. Despite the risks already identified, the literature suggests some strategies for reducing the physical load imposed to the musculoskeletal system during MMH. These strategies such as the implementation of handles on boxes, ensuring better coupling object/hands during handling. However, the recommendations of adaptations in boxes are not conclusive regarding handle placement, and their impact on workers' musculoskeletal conditions. Thus, the Study 2 was conducted based on a systematic literature review. The aim was to synthesize evidence regarding the effect of adjustment on boxes, aiming at reduction of musculoskeletal load. A survey was conducted in the following databases: Embase, Pubmed / Medline, Web of Science, and Lilacs Bireme CINAHAL, Sportdiscuss, Cochrane. Two reviewers independently selected the relevant studies, and any disagreements were solved by consensus. Cross-sectional studies were included. The scale proposed by Ariens (2000) was used to assess the quality of the studies included in this review. The electronic search yielded a total of 1170 references published in English. At the end of the selection process, and after manual search of references, the selection included 15 cross-sectional studies. Due to do the great methodological variability, regarding both methods and the proposed adaptations (size and mass of boxes), associated with the low quality of the studies prevented the synthesis of evidence. There is a need of using objective and subjective methods to evaluate standardized boxes with handles, which can also be applied to the assessment of other ergonomic interventions. Furthermore, the handles should be investigated using various positions and inclinations, and the MMH has to be carried out to different heights, in order to provide more conclusive evidence to support the implementation of those adaptations in the occupational practice. Experienced subjects have also to be considered in future studies.
Functional status and dyspnea as performance of activities of daily living after physical and inspiratory muscle training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-20)
Regueiro, Eloisa Maria Gatti
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Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2901466840054711
Parâmetros histomorfométricos do intestino delgado em frangos de corte alimentados com rações contendo diferentes fontes de sorgo e concentrações de tanino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-21)
Cavaliere, Gustavo Alexandre
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Dias, Luciana Thie Seki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0630011302129660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2676128266592327
Sorghum is increasingly being used for animal feed replacing corn, due to their similar nutritional characteristics, but with a lower cost. However one factor that negatively influences the nutritional value of sorghum is the presence of tannin that is an anti-nutritional factor that affects the nutrients absorption by the animal. We evaluated the effect of the sorghum with high and low tannins concentrations and / or the addition of tannic acid in diets based on corn and soybean on the single jejunal (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) histomorphometric parameters in broilers. There were used 150 male chicks with 1 day old of Cobb lineage, they were created up to 42 days in cages, in a controlled environment and receiving isoproteic and isoenergetic diets. After the period, were collected fragments of the 3 single jejunal segments, where they were measured and analyzed through a microscope with a coupled camera, according with the established parameters (villus height, crypt depth, thickness of muscle layer and relationship between villus numbers and villus bifurcations numbers). The addition of tannin in diets caused histomorphometric modifications in all parameters, but they did not cause significant changes for affecting their productive performance, such as weight and carcass yield.
Estudo mecanístico de reações de estado sólido: o caso do sistema Pb/PbSO4/Na2SO4
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-21)
Freitas, Heverson Renan de
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D'Alkaine, Carlos Ventura
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8699821828310072
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8829870766609044
In this work, the growth and reduction of PbSO4 in Na2SO4 solution under transient conditions was characterized. A novel methodology for the working-electrode surface preparation before stabilization enhanced the voltametric measurements reproducibility. It was demonstrated a nucleation process during the growth first steps. It is suggested a new mechanism for the film growth by injection of non recombining point defects. On the other hand, the reduction occurs by injection of recombining point defects. It was demonstrated the validity of the Tafel equation for characterization of the metal/film interface and the ohmic model for the film. It was determined the Flade potential for the system Pb/PbSO4/Na2SO4. From the linear region on the Tafel plot, it was possible to determine the charge transfer coefficient and the exchange current density of the reaction Pb2+(metal)/Pb2+(film) at the Pb/PbSO4 interface. The ionic resistivity of the film was calculated versus the film thickness and the sweep rate during the transient. The disruption, which is the partial rupture of the passivation film into nanometric particles, was also analyzed. The anodic and cathodic charges determined here showed that the disruption does not occur when there is no potentiostatic aging of the film. Variation of the solution internal potential also does not affect the passivation film stability. However, when the film is subjected to a potentiostatic aging step after the voltammetric growth, if the cathodic sweep rate is bigger than the anodic one, the disruption can reach 10% of the total anodic charge, depending on reduction rate. Those aspects are different from what happens in the Pb/H2SO4 system, for which the disruption process can reach 60% of the film.
Os efeitos do laser terapêutico na cartilagem articular em modelo experimental de osteoartrite induzida por transecção do ligamento cruzado anterior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-22)
Santos, Anderson Amaro dos
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Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4106611304688552
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0993071180356578
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of laser therapy on the degeneratives modifications in articular cartilage after anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Methods: We used eighty-male rats (Wistar), distributed into four groups: intact, injury control, injury laser treated, at 50 J/cm2 and injury laser treated, at 10 J/cm2. Animals were distributed into 2 subgroups, with different periods of sacrifice 5 and 8 weeks post-surgery. The animals were submitted to the surgery to induce OA by anterior cruciate ligament transection. Laser treatment started 2 weeks after the surgery and it was performed for 15 and 30 sessions. A laser 685 nm, at 10 and 50 J/cm2, 30mW was used. Results: Initial signs of tissue degradation could be observed 5 weeks post- ACLT, with the decrease of proteoglycans concentration and increase of thickness in the CG. After 8 weeks post-surgery, analysis showed a progression in the degenerative process in the CG, revealed by the increase of cellullarity and higher TNF- α, IL1 and MMP-13 immunoexpression. Laser therapy was able of modulating some of the aspects related to the degradative process, such as biomodulation of the number of condrocyte proliferation, prevention of proteogycans loss and decrease of MMP-13 immunoexpression. Conclusion: This study showed that 685nm laser, especially at 10 J/cm2 prevented features related to the articular degenerative process in the knees of rats.
Estudos da fotodegradação em compostos estabilizados de ABS ocasionada por ensaios de envelhecimento natural e acelerado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-22)
Bosquetti, Péricles
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Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3637-8921
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7864244439911523
This work has made comparative assessments of the performance of ABS compounds in accelerated aging and natural exposure tests. The degradation was analyzed by measurements of the Color Variations (CIELab system), Brightness (60º) and Yellow Index (Index), besides the mechanical properties of traction and impact. These characterizations were related to the chemical composition of the ABS polymers and their structural characteristics, such as: free and total SAN contents, succulent phase grafting index and particle size distribution. Different ABS compounds formulated with the same pigments and additives were used, changing the amounts and type of stabilizers used. Some of the compounds have a primary antioxidant and a HALS such as Johoku's JF-90. In another system a HALS (Tinuvin 622) and a UV absorber (Tinuvin P) were used in addition to the primary antioxidant. These compounds were evaluated with 5 and 10% of a high flow SAN, to evaluate the effect of the degradation with the decrease of the rubbery phase of these compounds. In general, the compounds presented excellent physico-mechanical performance, with only mild surface changes over the exposures, even in QUV-B. The HALS efficiency was proportional to the amounts used, since the compounds with the lowest initial yellowing showed better results in the degradation rate, which was related to the use of higher HALS content in the formulation, since the other components were not altered. The HALS were more efficient at surface degradation when compared to the HALS system and UV absorber, without observing synergistic effect of stabilizers for the compounds. The rubbery phase content of ABS interferes with the degradation, since AG1000 compounds, with higher rubber content, presented higher degradation than AF3500, even with higher HALS content in the compound. The addition of SAN up to 10% showed less yellowing and less loss of mechanical properties, such as impact resistance, especially in ABS AG1000.
Análise da inserção do enfermeiro nos processos de educação permanente na saúde da família no município de São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-23)
Moçambique, Maria Diamantina Francisco Fernandes
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Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417
The processes of Continuing Education in Health (EPS) nurses inclusion in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) are studied aiming to identify the perceptions of nurses on continuing education as a way of work s reorganization. This is a qualitative research in the sphere of meanings constructed based on the theoretical work process. The data collection was made up by semi-structured interview after the informed consent of a total 15 nurses working in the FHS in São Carlos / SP, and has analyzed the empirical data using the technique of content analysis based on the theoretical results in three thematic 1) Continuing Education in Health versus Labour Process, 2) Facilities and Difficulties regarding EPS and 3) Actions undertaken in relation to the EPS. The results analysis showed that although nurses have the comprehensionthat EPS work process occur or should occur concurrently; this is not an easy task to put on a day-to-day work. The role of the nurse as a facilitator of educational processes still not solidifiedand the use of collective spaces for integration of actors and the expansion of autonomy. We also emphasize the importance of training professionals for the practice of EPS, considering the different concepts brought by the participants. The nurses maintain the notion of priority to management issues beside of the expense of neglecting the educational needs EPS as detector and form of solving the problems of practice. Another factor that can be seen is the lack of user involvement when it comes to EPS. Thus it is concluded the need for further research on the EPS and consequences for the quality of care users towards transformation of healthcare practices.
Infraestrutura de compilação para a implementação de aceleradores em FPGA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-23)
Rettore, Paulo Henrique Lopes
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Fernandes, Marcio Merino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7278634019537967
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9765485978306232
In recent years, performance improvements in sequential microprocessors have been limited by physical and technological factors. For this reason, alternative approaches for high performance execution have gained importance. One of them is based in the use of reconfigurable hardware, implemented using FPGAs. However, conventional methods for programming those devices are notoriously complex, usually based on hardware description languages such as VHDL and Verilog. This work presents the development of a compilation framework to support the translation of a loop, described in C language, into its corresponding version for synthesis in reconfigurable hardware. The optimized execution is based on the loop pipelining technique, which requires advanced compiler support. That is achieved by using the Cetus compiler, enhanced by a number of modifications, and thus used as a basis for the semi-automatic generation of custom-hardware accelerators. In order to guide the compiler developments and validate its basic functionalities, two study cases were considered: one based on finite state machines as the method of choice for hardware modelling (EC-1), and another based on the LALP domain specific language. In both cases, the proposed compilation framework have shown to be a facilitator element for the development of high performance custom-hardware.
Estruturas de governança na compra de laranja pelos packing houses de São Paulo : um estudo multicaso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-23)
Neves, Marcelo Costa Marques
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Paulillo, Luiz Fernando de Oriani e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919942357089937
Several studies related to agribusiness were developed trying to explain existing transactions in different agroindustrial complexes. Brazil has significant equity in the provision of products of the agroindustrial complex citrus, holding 30% of world production and moving about $ 15 billion, highlighting the state of São Paulo, holder of 70% of the planted area in the country. One of the segments understudied in the complex is the fresh fruit market, which is well developed in countries like Argentina, Italy, Spain and South Africa, and Brazil still needs to develop. Therefore, the aim of this work was through a multicase study to show the main governances used by São Paulos´s packing houses. Using Transaction Cost Economics theory, we analyzed the coordination established between the packing house and its suppliers of orange. Interviews were conducted with six packing houses distributed by the main citrus regions of the state of São Paulo. As a result it was found that the most representative governance structure present was hybrid, which has being established by agreements characterized as relational, more flexible and not formalized.
Autogravitação para espaços-tempos estáticos e isotrópicos com aplicações a modelos de interesse astrofísico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-24)
Gauy, Henrique Matheus
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Ramos-Caro, Javier Fernando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2067343302764973
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1412367289023716
In this work I consider the equations of self-gravitation for collisionless, static and isotropic systems in the context of the theory of general relativity. From these I present the form of the distribution function when we consider two equations of state, and demonstrate the impossibility of self-consistent models with equations of state of the form P^T = kP^r and P^r = \omega \rho, when k is a half integer. As an application of interest in astrophysics, I intend to extend the Newtonian models belonging to the Hypervirial family to general relativity, focusing on the Hernquist model. For this I use a solution analogous to static perfect fluid solutions with spherical symmetry, which, through the equations of self-gravitation, allows obtaining a distribution function consistent with the aforementioned metric. I present how to establish a limit for the mass of the system using this distribution function.
Juventude marcada: relações entre ato infracional e a Escola Pública em São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-26)
Borba, Patrícia Leme de Oliveira
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Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4193205735379897
This research, from a socio-historical perspective, focused the theme of young urban popular authors of offense and their relationship with the Public School in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo. Its overall objective was to investigate the relationship between the condition of youth enrolled in poverty and their school careers steeped interventions by institutions recognized as protection, according to the Statute of Children and Adolescents, once sparked the offense, in our case, the Núcleo de Atendimento Integrado (NAI). To this end, we worked with the monitoring and reconstruction of life stories of young people who committed the offense as well as analyzed the school reporting of young graduates from NAI System since its introduction in 2000 until the year 2009. This resulted in the production of a database with information from 2969 school reportings and the reconstruction of 10 teenagers life stories. Using these two data sources based on the understanding that the statistics can offer visibility and ability to generalize what their life stories is restricted because of their uniqueness, while those same stories, the depth of description and the accumulation of information, can qualify and provide concreteness to statistical analysis. Thus, the main results that this work points that young people that living in poor urban neighborhoods, attending Public School and accumulating grade failing, grade/age distortion and a high turnover within and among schools are more likely to enter the social-justice system. We emphasize the need to review the award to adolescence brand of social vulnerability, focusing the care failure and vulnerable situations that arise in the medium term in relation to the offenses are placed since the Childhood. Thus, points that the Public School is a protective element in the life of these young people, showing to the education sector linked to other social policies and family/community care that still need to be undertaken in Elementary School. Finally, it identifies the inadequacy of the system of social educational measures, focusing on open environment, its inefficiency in relation to the insertion and monitoring of their adolescents in the regular education and the demonstration that the entry in this system entails the incompleteness and the 'failure' of school life. We hoped that this study can provide references for coping vulnerabilities surrounding the daily life of adolescents and young urban popular groups and the construction of a Public School with the ability, at the same time providing quality education for all and recognizing the unique demands of caring for their students. The logic here is that this school is possible, since articulated with the network of local protection, services and community, and the operators realize the complexity of life and necessities showed by their public.
Análise de fotografias: Florestan Fernandes no tempo da ditadura militar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-26)
Cóscia, Vera Lucia
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Costa, Luzia Sigoli Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110248272001369
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4103873411732532
The purpose defined for the development of this dissertation is to analyzing a set of six pictures portraying the Brazilian sociologist Florestan Fernandes, taking as a criterion the temporal delimitation, the period of the military dictatorship and, also, the time in which it was exiled of Brazil. The pictures, alongside with several other documents that belonged to Florestan Fernandes, were donated by his family, in 1996, as a result of the acquisition of the Library Florestan Fernandes by UFSCar. The photo collection is one of the assets that make up the collections belonging to the Florestan Fernandes. It was organized according to the operating principles from the field of archival science and is very requested by readers/users. The main purpose of the research is to investigate whether it would be possible to resort to theoretical and methodological procedures arising from information science to support and complement the organizational treatment given to images. The methodological perspective adopted of content analysis, from contexts historicalpartner, allowed developing descriptions that enlarged the signification of the photos of the theme open to question. For such, one opted for the inclusion of biographical data of the characters that were photographed together with Florestan and for the transcription of the published matters made a list to the images, having in mind the language own to the time and the natural difficulty of reading of already aged originals. Such an option gave itself on account of the necessity of contextualize the whole process what the character Florestan was subdued. The documents made feasible the affirmation of such facts as soon as same there became textual proofs of the incidents. The theoretical exploration, the analyses and the descriptions of the pictures allowed noting the existence of many forms of representation of photographic contents, having in mind the senses which are intrinsic and extrinsic, visible or hidden in the images. The analyses of the corpus composed by six pictures, pertaining to series Academic life , revealed imagetic details what can make easy the access and the recuperation of the information for any users of the Bottom Florestan Fernandes. With the pictures and the documentary inquiry carried out to subsidize the analyses of content they allowed the contact to realize that the photographic images have great informative value and that it is important to be adopted the verbal language as the complementary form of the visual language. This study, besides producing information and knowledge on a period of the life of Florestan Fernandes pointed, also, to ways for similar works with other photographic series pertaining to the Bottom Florestan Fernandes. Among several additions originating from this inquiry, we can point out that the accrued apprenticeship provided a new glance on scenes and objects, when other interpretations are making possible and details what up to that time were being paid attention or not valued.
Preensão para escrita manual em universitários: diferentes tipos e sua relação com teste de destreza fina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-26)
Sime, Mariana Midori
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Vergotti, Iracema Serrat
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1317884299993069
Handwriting is indispensable in daily work, in academia and in the assertion of personal identity, although it may seem less used today. In clinical practice of occupational therapy, children, adolescents and adults are often referred by presenting postural imbalances and compensatory motor alterations in various activities, including handwriting. During the execution of this task, there is the influence of motor predominant proximal or distal upper limb, depending on the type of grasp that is used in maintaining the pencil in his hand and the performance of fine manual dexterity. These aspects define the classification grasps in patterns: primitive grasp patterns, transitional grasps patterns and mature grasp patterns. This study was divided into two phases. In Phase I we identified through filming, the different types of grasps for handwriting and the prevalence of each type in 806 university students, aged over 18 years, right-handed, of both genders and without functional impairment in upper limbs. For Phase II, 40 subjects were randomly selected among those classified in the previous phase as grasps patterns mature and transition, 20 in each group. We applied the Purdue Pegboard Test, and analyzed the relationship between the manual dexterity and fine these grasp patterns. Data were statistically analyzed using descriptive prevalence (Phase I) and the Student's t-test for independent samples with a significance level of 0.05 (Phase II). The phase I results indicate a higher prevalence of mature grasps at the surveyed population, especially the dynamic tripod, supporting the literature. There was no significant difference between the performance of manual dexterity and the two patterns grasps used by adults for handwriting, suggesting that the functionality is independent of the grasp pattern. However, although there is no difference in functionality, it is known that the extensive use of the proximal muscles of the upper extremities can lead to pain, discomfort and diseases that, in the long term, can compromise the performance and quality of life of people who do. It is important to be aware of the importance of the involvement of occupational therapists in the school environment to stimulate and guide the most appropriate use of upper limb. Adult intervention is necessary in order to prevent or handle changes in functional performance between those seeking assistance with complaints of pain and discomfort in the upper limb.
Indicadores de condições de trabalho: percepção dos atores sociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-26)
Lahoz, Manoela de Assis
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
The overlap of experiences from work, with those coming from outside, generates wear on people's health, and negative indices of health and well-being can harm both operators and the company, such as decreased productivity, absenteeism and decreased resources for the organization. In this context, it becomes important to understand how companies deal with this concern in relation to working conditions. This concern is seen in some international institutions, as well as Brazilian law, through services, programs and indicators related to working conditions. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify the perceptions of different social actors of the company about indicators and factors that influence working conditions. We used the case study in a multinational company in the state of São Paulo, in which 70 interviews were conducted with three specific groups: members of CIPA, SESMT professionals and a group of operators. In the interviews was administered a questionnaire consisting of open and closed questions and indicators related to working conditions. The results of this study showed that different groups of social actors of the company have different perceptions in relation to indicators and working conditions. On one hand, the perception of who participates in the activity, such as the group of operators, which had a perception more related to activity on the factors that influence health. Moreover, groups and CIPA SESMT focus their perception on task, and how much activity is carried away from the task or standards. Furthermore, we noted two interesting aspects: that the main concerns of these actors in relation to working conditions focuses primarily on occupational safety and also the distance of health professionals SEMST with the work environment and activity. Therefore, it is concluded that the professional services of the members of legislative agencies of the company, as SESMT and CIPA is very similar, with an eye to legislation and compliance task, unlike operators, which are very close to the activity, which provides a good insight regarding working conditions and factors present in the workplace. This study also emphasizes the importance of a professional health care more active in the workplace and in SESMT.
O kit anti-homofobia e os discursos sobre diversidade sexual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-11-26)
Pamplona, Renata Silva
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Dinis, Nilson Fernandes
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DINIS, N. F.
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0007062758838949
With this research the aim is to analyze the different discourses propagated in the Brazilian media, referring to the repercussion of the possibility of the approval of the educational material: the Anti-homophobia kit, produced and developed by MEC / SECADI, based on the project, A Homophobia-free School, between 2008 and 2010. This material is intended to support the educational task in tackling prejudice against sexual diversity and combat homophobia in schools. As methodological option, we will work with Foucaultian Arqueogenealogy, given that this event falls within the domain of knowledge and power. In this sense, it is allied to the understanding that the discourse is complex, transient, mobile, marked by historical relationships and practices that are actually alive within the discourse itself. This cannot be reduced to a set of signs and signifiers; nor is it causal. Before, it is subject to the law of becoming. In this slant, and in the understanding that sexuality is historically produced, functioning as a device of sexuality, we proceed in the first instance to analyses of the following audiovisual materials: Finding Bianca, Probability and Torpedo. Subsequently, we analyze the discourses propagated on the educational material and on sexual diversities. The entire discursive trajectory and its detailed examination offers tools which make it possible to understand the Anti-homophobia kit as a device of power. Thus, as we proceed through the discursive tangle and begin to unravel the minutiae produced by the discourses, it can be seen that these construct themselves in such a manner as to produce truth about sexual diversities, and to engender forms of subjectification of the differences. Specifically, strategies are perceived to purge or make palatable any expression of strangeness concerning: transvestites, transsexuals, lesbians, gays, bisexuals or transgender individuals. The Anti-homophobia kit resource reaffirms traditional models of heteronormativity, even though the discourses subtly construct themselves in defense of the subjects one wishes to normalize.