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Professoras de crianças de 0 a 3 anos: dialogando sobre seus percursos formativos e os desafios enfrentados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Bragatto, Ana Cristina
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Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6457268618803833
The thesis presented here aims to identify which are the learning processes on teacher formation and how them take place, for kindergarten teachers that work specifically with children 0 to 3 years old, at different educational institutions. Through the analysis of the responses given to a structured interview, developed by the researcher, besides communicative reporting and discussion groups guided by the principles of Dialogic Learning, some aspects of the pedagogical practice of six volunteer kindergarten teachers from different educational institutions (one local public, one private and one connected to a public university) have been analyzed; the moments offered by educational institutions that provide training in service for these teachers have been identified; and the obstacles/challenges faced by these teachers on their daily work at the different institutions were identified and analyzed. The techniques for information gathering and the procedures to analyze them respected the postulates of the Critical Communicative Methodology (CCM), developed by the Special Center of Theories and Practices of Overcoming Inequalities (CREA), University of Barcelona, and which is present in researches since the 1990s in Europe. In Brazil it is utilized by the Nucleus of Investigation and Social and Educational Action (NIASE) from Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar) since 2002. This methodology aims to provide a dialogue between the researcher s scientific knowledge and the volunteer teachers practical knowledge. The analyses were guided by the interpretation and description of information between researchers and volunteer teachers, considering the selected social and educational theories, the hypothesis, and the objectives of the research. The conclusions and perspectives found support the hypothesis that indicated failures on initial formation of teachers working with 0 to 3 years old children. These failures are overcome after their professional insertion on the educational institution, and we denominated them as learning processes at the institution . The sources of these learning processes are: the teacher initial reception at the institution; the relationships with their peers, with children and with children s families; the infrastructure offered by the institution, the teacher s work support staff at the institutions; the moments of study and training on the institution and others provided by the institution, and finally, the institutional pedagogic proposal. Beyond the knowledge fonts, it was possible to identify positive practices adopted in a specific institution which allowed suggesting changes to provide maximum learning for children, teachers and families.
Estratégias de enfrentamento de mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Lincoln, Leila Estevão da Silva Cacciacarro
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Brino, Rachel de Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
The aim of this work is domestic violence and coping strategies used by women victims of this violence. Violence against women can be characterized by the interaction of husband / partner to intimidate, threaten, make use of physical force as well as doing something against the property of the woman. The main forms of violence against women are: physical violence, sexual violence, psychological violence and destruction of property. Coping can be understood as a set of cognitive and behavioral efforts with regard to dealing with internal or external demands that arise in stress situations. The research aimed to identify and describe the coping strategies of women who have suffered or are suffering domestic violence and as specific objectives to categorize coping strategies of women victims of domestic violence, characterize the history of violence suffered by women and finally characterize the severity of violence against the women. This was a qualitative research, exploratory kind. The choice, assembly and appropriateness of the instrument was made, being: semi-structured interview, applied individually to women victims of domestic violence. Before the data collection, there was a testing tool to estimate the time of application and suitability. After approval of the ethics committee, and the proper clarifications of the research, attended to the interview 4 women victims of domestic violence. As a result, it may be highlight that all women participants suffered psychological and physical violence, whereas two women also reported having suffered sexual violence. Regarding the severity of the violence suffered, women present level 5, 4, 3 and 2 respectively. Women had the following categories of coping strategies: removal, self-control, social support, escape-avoidance, problem solving, positive reappraisal, leisure and finally, plans for the future. Domestic violence, like any other type of violence, characterized as a violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms, which limits women the recognition, enjoyment or exercise of any right as well as the exercise of freedom. It is considered necessary the creation of public policies that will help minimize the victimization of women who suffer domestic violence, and to develop coping strategies. That this work will contribute to the construction of preventive practices that provide coping strategies such as confrontation, distancing, self-control, social support, escape-avoidance, problem solving, positive reappraisal, leisure and plans for the future. After all, it was verified that these strategies could break with some cases of severe violence.
A Libras no ensino de leis de Newton em uma turma inclusiva de ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Cozendey, Sabrina Gomes
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8994976426906652
In the process called inclusion the regular schools gradually receive students with special needs, among these students there are someone who have a hearing limitation, those students can be identified as students with hearing disability or deaf. The educational process of students with deafness is characterized by uniqueness. As a consequence of this uniqueness, they require a different proposal work by offering a bilingual education, presume that the combined use of Portuguese written and Brazilian Sign Language (Libras). This work presents a discussion about the construction of a bilingual resource, the didactic bilingual, video that can be used in inclusive classrooms with students who have hearing disability. The object of the research study, the bilingual video, was also developed during the research. Are constructed six videos that emphasized some concepts of physics related to Newton's laws: speed, acceleration, resultant force, Newton's first law, Newton's second law and Newton's third law. The resource developed used the Brazilian sign language, the Portuguese language written and spoken, and dynamic images that represent everyday situations in which the concepts discussed can be observed. The resource analysis developed in the context of Physics inclusive education occurred aimed at evaluate the resource, checking if it was in fact a potential tool in inclusion promoting, and if the recourse favored the learning of physics concepts discussed. Participated in this research eighteen students the high school of public school localized in state of São Paulo. The videos were used at two different times (test 1 and test 2) in Physics inclusive class. To analyze the effectiveness of the resource developed were used questionnaires before and after the screening of videos and the proposed discussion. The results indicate that the recourse developed can be considered inclusive, because students with and without hearing disability could follow the lesson and learn the concepts discussed at the same time. The results also indicate that although many variables are present in an inclusive context, the use of a bilingual resource can make the class more inclusive.
Demografia e diversidade genética de onça-parda (Puma concolor) e jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis) da Estação Ecológica de Caetetus SP e sua importância para a conservação desses felinos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Saranholi, Bruno Henrique
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7501155211183288
The loss and fragmentation of habitat due to intensive human intervention are the main threats to natural populations. Species with low density and large home range, like felids, are the most threatened species by these changes. In an attempt to minimize this impact, detection of population density and genetic characterization are necessary to propose conservation measures. Thus, the main objective of this study was to characterize the populations of two species of felines, cougars (Puma concolor) and ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) of Caetetus Ecological Station (EEC - SP, one of the last remnants of Atlantic Forest within the state of São Paulo), about their demographic and genetic characteristics from non-invasive samples (feces and hairs).We collected the samples on EEC tracks and identified the species, individualized each sample, sexed each individual and calculated the genetic diversity of the population using molecular markers. Abundance was estimated from the capture-recapture historic, with opened and closed population models. We identified 17 samples of feces cougar and 12 of ocelot. Of these samples, six individuals were individualized as cougar and five as ocelot, these numbers represent the minimum population sizes for the entire sample period (18 months). The values of abundance and density estimated using the model of closed population was more similar to that found in genetic individualization, five individuals for each species and densities of 4.92/100 km2 (P. concolor) and 19.51/100 km2 (L. pardalis). The genetic diversity of the two species was lower than that from other studies, probably due the landscape´s fragmentation, which reduces the gene flow with others populations. Also, the genetic diversity for L. pardalis was lower than P. concolor, which is possibly related to the ocelot behavior of avoid opened and disturbed areas, which can reduce the potential for gene flow. Furthermore, we also observed structure of P. concolor from EEC with populations from other locations, but we also identified gene flow, including relatedness. Thus, the results of genetic diversity and demographics demonstrate the importance of the Ecological Station Caetetus for these species and also underscores the importance of establishing measures to enable the viability of its populations over long term, as facilitating gene flow with individuals from others locations.
Avaliação da expansão de células estromais mesenquimais em biorreator de fibra oca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Santos, Diogo Peres dos
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Suazo, Cláudio Alberto Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2351864642712999
The use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for clinical therapy has been limited by the low amount of cells that can be obtained directly from tissue, making it necessary to develop techniques for in vitro cell number expansion. The current methods of expansion are laborintensive, exhibit unfavorable environments for cell growth, show still modest levels of expansion and low yield in the recovery of these cells. In the search for better alternatives, several types of bioreactors have been assessed, however, with results still discreet. A littlestudied system, which has showed itself very effective in the use with other types of animal cells, is the hollow fiber bioreactor. This bioreactor has relatively homogeneous culture environment, low level of hydrodynamic stress on cells and the process control is made through manipulation external to the culture. Thus, it is proposed in this work the study of the in vitro expansion of MSCs in 15 mL hollow fiber prototype bioreactor designed and built with a configuration specifically conceived for expansion of MSCs for use in therapeutic applications. The inoculum was prepared with MSCs precultured adhered to microcarrier Cultispher-S at concentration of 4 g/L in spinner flask containing 50 mL of α-MEM culture medium with 15% v/v fetal bovine serum. The preculture was performed in CO2 incubator at pH close to 7.3 and temperature of 37°C. For bioreactor expansion cultures, it was used the same culture medium, with addition of 12 g/L of alginate and 4.25-4.50 mM of CaCl2 as gelling agents to immobilize and keep in suspension the microcarriers, in the conditions of pH and temperature used in the preculture. The oxygenation of the culture medium continuously recirculated through the intracapilar space was carried out by air bubbling in an external flask. The oxygenation levels were of 70 to 90% of saturation with air. The experimental results obtained show that the used configuration of hollow fiber bioreactor promoted good conditions for expansion of MSCs without cell aggregation, reaching 15.3-fold expansion and cell recovery levels of 82%. These results also demonstrate the possibility of improving the efficiency of MSCs expansion through the renewal of medium to maintain suitable levels of arginine, nutrient present in limiting amounts, and ammonium, growth inhibitor metabolite.
Contribuições de um projeto de formação on-line para o desenvolvimento profissional de professoras do 1º ano do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Rodrigues, Marilce da Costa Campos
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4101730928383928
In this investigation, the aim is to analyse the contributions and limits of a continuous online training project for the professional development of teachers of the 1st year of basic education. The research question is: What are the limits and contributions of an online teacher-training course in the professional development of teachers? This development is related to the learning and teaching processes and of being a professional teacher, and acts as a knowledge basis for teaching. The methodological reference adopted is supported by a constructive-collaborative interaction model between teachers and researchers and focusses on the construction of investigation strategies and the promotion of professional development processes for teachers. The training strategies used were carried out in distance mode through the digital learning environment of the Teachers portal of the UFSCar. The course, with a total of 120 hours and focussing on teaching the initial years of primary education, was developed in the period between Sept. 2010 and May 2011. It was based on the understanding that professional teacher development takes place throughout their careers and continuous teacher training can contribute to this process. Its contributions and limitations are being investigated through the eyes of the teachers, that is, we take into account what they told us in the different data collection instruments and at different points of the training process. Our interpretations are based on the learning, the difficulties and the teacher knowledge required to teach the 1st year of primary education. The narratives constructed during the interventions by three experienced teachers represent the data interpreted in the study. Other instruments used in this process are: reflective memorials, training reports, teaching cases, reflective journals, a forum, individual summaries on a reference framework on the student knowledge base, and an initial questionnaire. As a result of the investigation, it was found that there was a contribution to professional teacher development in the following aspects: the training content contextualized to the teaching work carried out in the initial years; the feedback on what the participating group`s investigation found; sharing experiences on literacy with teachers from different Brazilian states; the possibility of reviewing the inherent role when teaching the 1st year of basic education; the discussion of the knowledge that composes the teaching basis; the specifics of the teaching content; the overall pedagogy and the pedagogical content. The limits are related to the difficulties in obtaining effective participation from all the teachers and the challenges presented by the dynamic and flexible digital learning environments used to create a collaborative network.
Avaliação da dor em repouso e durante atividades no pósoperatório de cirurgia cardíaca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Mello, Larissa Coelho de
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Hortense, Priscilla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7153278628783234
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8921281309407916
Some activities need to be stimulated in post-cardiac surgery, such as, mobilization, coughing, deep breathing exercises to avoid complications; however, these activities may be hinder by pain. An assessment of the pain at rest and during activities is needed in order to better deal with this occurrences. The main aim of this study was to assess the perception of pain after cardiac surgery via sternotomy during rest and in five selected activities (coughing, turning aside, deep breathing, sitting or standing up from a chair, and walking); the specific objectives were to identify the location and intensity of pain during rest and activities in postoperative cardiac surgery patients in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 6th days; to link the pain intensity with the activities and at rest, considering the postoperative days; to link the pain intensity with variables clinical-surgical; to characterize the pain through pain descriptors. A descriptive study of prospective cohort was carried out. A tool to collect socio-demographic and surgicalclinical data, a Multidimensional Scale for Pain Assessment (EMADOR) that consists of a numeric scale for pain intensity assessment, a body diagram to assess the pain location and an escalation of acute pain descriptors, were utilised. A total of 48 patients who undergone a cardiac surgery via sternotomy participated. All patients complained of pain during one of the activities in at least one of the postoperative days. The pain intensity at rest in the postoperative cardiac surgery was assessed to lessen with day in the following postoperative days. However, during the activities the pain level decreased from the 3rd, excepting for the coughing activity which decreased only in the 6th. The decreasing order of strength, when assessed the pain levels of all days, was: coughing, turning aside, deeply breathing and resting. The sternal region was the most frequently cited location of pain, followed by the epigastric region. The variables gender, age, type and duration of surgery showed weak correlation with the pain level. The keywords that best characterised the pain after cardiac surgery via sternotomy were: strong, intense, terrifying, deep and very severe. The high levels of pain may be contributing to a longer recovery period. The patients considered painful the multidimensionality of the phenomenon when using descriptors to characterize the perceived pain. The study allowed a better understanding of the aspects related to pain in the postoperative cardiac surgery.
Competitividade do complexo agroindustrial do leite de búfala no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Rosales, Fabricio Pini
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8493025223708825
This study aimed to analyze the drivers of competitiveness in the chain of water buffalo milk in the State of Sao Paulo. It also aimed to recognize the key players, distinguish and analyze the dynamics of the operation and characterize the strengths and weaknesses of the chain under study. Driven by strong demand for industrial products from water buffalo milk, water buffalo breeding the Brazilian has experienced significant growth. In Sao Paulo this situation is no different. The production of buffalo milk in São Paulo, despite representing 26.64% of the national total, cannot meet the market demand and most dairy work with idle production capacity. Given this situation, it becomes relevant to a search that will contribute to increasing the competitiveness of the chain of buffalo milk in the State of Sao Paulo. The methodology uses drivers of competitiveness and assigns ratings ranging from very unfavorable to very favorable for a number of sub-factors for assessing each director. After extensive literature review, we selected the following drivers: chain coordination, market structure, institutional environment, firm's management, quality and food safety, technology and innovation inputs and infrastructure. These drivers were evaluated through semi-structured questionnaires applied to the key players involved in the production, processing and sale of water buffalo milk (water buffalo milk producers, dairy and distributors). It was concluded that the chain of water buffalo milk in the State of Sao Paulo is formed mainly by small and medium producers with low level of technology and management. In this segment the drivers quality and safety of food, supplies and infrastructure were receiving better assessment and market structure. Quality and safety of food, supplies and infrastructure coordination and chain were the drivers with better evaluation for the processing segment. There are several points of sales, however because it is a niche product market, can say the products are distributed primarily through grocery stores, restaurants, pizzerias and supermarkets. Shop, informal market and consumer direct sales occur on a smaller scale. For the distribution segment to better assess the drivers were institutional environment, quality and safety of food and management of the firm.
Relações entre automonitoria, problemas de comportamento e habilidades sociais na infância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Robalinho, Ivana Gisel Casali
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7861631051569929
The literature recognizes the importance of social relationships for the healthy development of children. A good social skills repertoire is crucial for this because it allows one to competently deal with the interpersonal demands. Socially competent children have better prospects for the future, while, in the other hand, deficits on the social skills repertoire are associated with behavior problems and other risk factors for development. Social competence depends on a class of skill that is the basis of all others: self-monitoring. This research, which involved two studies, focused on the relationship between social skills, behavior problems and specific indicators of behaviors which are components of the self-monitoring process as well as the relationships between these variables and socio-demographic variables. In Study there were 220 children, of both genders, who attended the 3rd to the 6th grades of elementary education in public or private schools, as well as their parents / guardians who participated as informants. We used the Brazilian version of the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS-BR) and Brazil Economic Classification Criterion (CCEB). Descriptive and inferential statistics analyses pointed that: (1) the sample had scores consistent with the norm for social skills and behavior problems, and that the internalizing were more frequent, according to the parents / guardians; (2) social skills with greater loadings on predicting behavioral problems were: the Responsibility of (the self-assessed) and Composure and Civility (evaluated by informants), (3) social skills of Kindness were evaluated as the ones with greater social relevance according to parents / guardians; (4) there were significant differences for the repertoire of social skills when we take into account variables such as gender, school year and school type; the socioeconomic status, on the other hand, significantly influenced only internalizing behavior problems. In Study II there was larger sample, 30 children, divided into two groups: 15 children with higher scores on social skills and lower scores of behavior problems and 15 children with opposite repertoire. We used the Structured Situations roadmap, the Interview roadmap as well as the Protocol for the Self-Monitoring Assessment. We carried out descriptive and inferential statistical analysis and we found that: (1) children showed greater ease to Describing their own actions and more difficult to Developing possible alternatives of action, (2) in terms of the specific components of self-monitoring, the group to higher score on social skills and lower behavior problems performed better on Describing the actions of others, Developing possible alternatives of action, Predicting their own feelings, Predicting the reactions of others, Predicting the feelings of others and Reporting, where necessary, changes to the future course of action, (3) girls had significantly higher scores than the boys only for Describing the actions of those with whom they interact. The results suggest the importance of investing in planning interventions aimed at promoting self-monitoring in school-age children as a way of contributing to the socio-emotional development and prevention of behavior problems.
Entre o ócio e o negócio: possibilidades de desenvolvimento da motricidade escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Lemos, Fábio Ricardo Mizuno
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Gonçalves Junior, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9720009502941255
The productive logic invades all aspects of life, including education, and with its ideology power distorts reality and enslaves minds in order to acquire economic advantages. This cunning scheme is developed with the school aid that uses the curriculum components, such as physical education, to perpetuate the mercantile greed, by designing a practice focused on obedient fitness bodies, able to fit into a real paradigmatic business. In opposition to this ideology of quantify the results of the educative business (denial of idle state), it was proposed the development of a action-idleness (idle and fun action, lazy and playful, of a human situated in both actions and values genuinely humans) in the Scholar Physical Education (in three Basic Education schools) of two northern (interior) towns of São Paulo State, in the 2nd half of 2012. To understand the educative processes mobilized by this action, objective of this thesis, we used both Phenomenology and Analysis of the Situated Phenomenon as referential and proceedings methodological, because they allow the interpretation of lived experiences, under the person s inner perspective involved in the research process. With how the unveiled experience from the discourses analysis of both students and participants of the project in the Basic Education schools the human relations valuing and the effective participation in the proposed activities were perceived. In the undergraduates discourses, the first assessment was of doubt about the possibility to effective the action in school, however, the teaching praxis insertion had the perception that they were effectively learning it, because they could live positive experiences in relation to go-beyond the established (paradigm of Human Motricity) for the Scholar Physical Education. Within the major considerations stemming with the research, one may highlight: The necessary of being attentive for the educational pessimism both institutionalized and naturalized; the action must not start with a simulated teaching so that the praxis do not be inauthentic; By Being-More, In-Action, it is possible to change from a productive ethics to an ethics where the greatest goods are the feelings and human relationships.
Proposta curricular do estado de Minas Gerais: uma análise pela ótica de professores e alunos do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Russo, Alexandre Antonio
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Barbieri, Ronaldo Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5806529970453360
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3834294778156346
When starting the study of Chemistry Basics, we use the knowledge and knowledge that students already have and they often do not relate to chemistry, and promote thus a connection between scientific knowledge and the experience of them. Thus diagnose the need for implementation of a New Curriculum Proposal, to meet the needs of new teaching and learning processes that produce knowledge for high school students, improving school performance. Therefore, one must seek the meaning of the chemical concepts, from experimentation, interactive lessons and the use of information technology for obtaining these concepts, thus providing the student performing and interpreting experiments, forming a link between theory and practice. For this we turn to the New Curriculum Proposal - Content Chemistry of Common Basic, designed and implemented by the SEE / MG, with the prospect of developing new skills to teach, meet the demands generated by the use of new technologies, encouraging conduct research in all sources of information available, due to the variety of approaches and especially the update of the available themes. It is expected that there is an involvement of students so that they are producers and not mere consumers of technology, promoting the enhancement of interaction between students / pupils, students / teachers and teachers / teachers, from the exchange of experiences, cooperation and joint construction by paths that seem to emphasize the development of higher mental processes as opposed to memorization and retention of information, providing them means that they raise hypotheses, seek discovery and reasoning, expand your creativity to facilitate the integration of different content and use the technology to research as tools for the development of knowledge. This proposal, which may contribute to the improvement of teachers' work and their relationships with the students raised the interest and greater involvement in the construction of knowledge, renewing the way to address the diverse content. To achieve this goal, they were used for data collection instruments, an initial diagnostic evaluation and another end, an evaluation questionnaire with 14 questions. For teachers was also applied a questionnaire of 11 questions to assess the level of knowledge and involvement in the content of Chemical Common Basic. This research proposes a reflection on the implementation, results and the direction on the New Curriculum Proposal.
Cotidiano, práticas de apoio e intergeracionalidade em famílias de crianças com deficiência intelectual e de crianças com desenvolvimento típico: a ótica de três gerações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Yamashiro, Juliana Archiza
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Matsukura, Thelma Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1871971178749923
Literature has pointed to the importance of intergenerational relationships in families of children with and without disabilities. Once the familiar universe of a child goes beyond the interaction that he establishes with his mother, involving fathers, siblings, grandparents and other individuals, the focus of intergenerationality has contributed to the understanding of developmental processes and family adaptation in families of children with and without developmental abnormalities. Furthermore, studies indicate the need for greater understanding about the family s factors associated with stress reported by the elderly. The aim of this study was to identify the experiences of families of children with intellectual disabilities and typically developing children, about daily life, support practices and intergenerationality from the perspective of three generations - grandmothers, mothers and siblings. As the specific objectives we have: (1) assess the differences and similarities in patterns of intergenerational relationships and daily life of the two family groups represented, (2) identify the presence of stress in participant grandmothers. The study included 36 family members of 12 families of children with intellectual disabilities and typically developing children who were linked to public and / or philanthropic schools located in countryside of Sao Paulo - Brazil, who had older siblings and grandparents living in the same city. For data collection were used: 1) Identification questionnaire of the child and family, 2) Economic Classification Criterion Brazil (CCEB), 3) Semi-structured roadmap interviews for mothers, grandmothers and siblings of the children; 4) Inventory stress symptoms for adults (ISSL). The data obtained through the identification questionnaire, the CCEB and the ISSL were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The interviews were analyzed qualitatively using the technique of the Collective Subject Discourse. The main findings indicate that grandmothers of both family groups studied represent an important source of support for the family. Moreover, the intergenerational relationship between grandmothers and their older grandchildren presented as positive in the lives of all involved, with no significant differences between groups. However, in the case of families of children with disabilities, it was observed that the interaction between grandmothers and older grandchildren is increased with specific features of this reality, since the grandmothers seem to interfere more in the relationship between siblings than the grandmothers of typically developing children do. Furthermore, older siblings, in these families were identified as important support to their mothers and siblings with disabilities. About the stress experienced by the third generation, the results from the application of ISSL revealed that the majority of grandparents of children with disabilities are stressed, while only one grandmother of typically developing children showed symptoms of stress. It is argued about the contribution of intergenerational relationships in the development of all family members and is pointed up, in the case of grandmothers of children with disabilities, about the importance of considering them in the guidance and clarification about the issue of the child. It is emphasized on the importance of intergenerational studies and the need for education and health activities that promote and strength the intergenerational connections.
Os efeitos do laser terapêutico (λ=830NM) em modelo experimental de osteoartrite em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Oliveira, Poliani de
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Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4106611304688552
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130418327532327
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized as a chronic disease that affects synovial joints, causing degeneration and inflammation. Treatments for OA include painkillers and antiinflammatory drugs, physical exercises and, in the most serious cases, surgical interventions. Recently, can be emphasized the use of non-invasive technologies such as low level laser therapy (LLLT). In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of LLLT on the metabolism of articular cartilage on the knees of rats in an experimental model of OA. Eighty-male rats (Wistar) were distributed into four groups: intact group (GI); injured control group (GC); injured laser treated group at 10J/cm2 (L10) and injured laser treated group at 50J/cm2 (L50). Animals were distributed into 2 subgroups, with different periods of sacrifice (5 and 8 weeks post-surgery). The anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) was used to induce OA in the knee of rats. The LLLT (λ=830nm, 10 and 50J/cm2) started 2 weeks after the surgery and it was performed for 15 and 30 sessions. Qualitative and semi-quantitative histology, morphometry, immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) analysis were performed. The histological findings revealed that laser therapy modulated the progression of the degenerative process. However, laser therapy was not able of decreasing the degenerative process observed by the increased of Mankin score and cartilage thickness and it did not have any effect in the biomodulation of the expression of markers IL1β, TNF-α and MMP-13. Moreover, LLLT, at 50J/cm2 was able to increase the expression of cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. The results found in present study indicate that laser therapy 830 nm, modulate proliferation of chondrocytes in the experimental model of OA in rats but had no effect on the expression of cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. The laser therapy 50J/cm2 LLLT was able in increasing serum expression of cytokines IL-4 and IL-10, favoring a regulatory effect of the inflammatory process.
Estratégias sintéticas para a preparação de novos fotossensibilizadores do tipo ftalocianinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Gobo, Nicholas Roberto da Silva
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Oliveira, Kleber Thiago de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3759761373942891
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2271376257437396
In this work some studies about the synthesis of a new Znphthalocyanine derivative containing 8 tert-butyl groups on peripheral positions were performed. In order to obtain this compound, a new monomeric unit were synthesized 4,5-di-tert-butylphthalonitrile where a Diels-Alder reaction between a cyclic sulfone (diene) and a dinitrile (dienophile) was the key step. Beyond the synthesis and structural characterization of this phthalocyanine, preliminary photophysical studies to verify potential applications of this compound as photosensitizer were performed. To reach the 4,5-dissubstituted phthalonitrile 8, firstly, thiophene 5 was synthesized (SCHEME 8). After established the methodology to provide 5 in good yield, some tests between 5 and fumaronitrile (6) on cycloaddition conditions were performed, however, as expected, no reaction occurred, and the starting materials were recovered (SCHEME 9). Aiming at the raising diene 5 reactivity, this compound was oxidized to sulfone 9 (SCHEME 10). After that, some test between the sulfone 9 and fumaronitrile (6) were performed. The objective was to achieve a one-pot 3 steps reaction (Diels-Alder SO2 cheletropic elimination oxidation). However compound 8 was reached only in poor yields (SCHEME 10). To overcome the poor yields, some dinitrilic dienophiles were proposed. For example, dicyanoacetylene 10 (SCHEME 11) could furnish the phthalonitrile 8 after a cycloaddition and SO2 elimination. However, dicyanoacetylene (10) showed not to be accessible, and, in our hands, it was not possible to obtain with literature available procedures. According to literature, the insertion of halogens in dinitrilic dienophiles greatly raises its reactivity for cycloaddition reactions. Then, the bromination of fumaronitrile (6) to obtain the dienophile 13 was performed (SCHEME 12). After compound 13 was reached, some tests with diene 9 were done. The 4,5-di-tertbutylphthalonitrile (8) was obtained in 50% yield in a solvent-free three step domino sequence (Diels-Alder SO2 cheletropic elimination HBr elimination). Studies to obtain the phthalocyanine 14 were performed (SCHEME 13). Firstly, a current methodology in literature were tested which uses DMAE/140°C/Zn(OAc)2, however the best obtained result for 14 was only 7% yield. In addition, many polymeric byproducts were observed. Another tested methodology was the addition of phthalonitrile 8 in a solution of n-pentanol and its respective alcoxide under heating. Phthalocyanine 15 was obtained in 22% yield in these conditions. When the tetramerization was performed and the crude product metallated using anhydrous Zn(OAc)2, phthalocyanine 14 was obtained in 21% yield (SCHEME 14). In both cases these results were optimized, and the results were in agreement with the literature. All synthesized compounds were fully characterized (1D and 2D NMR, UV-Vis, IR), HRMS (ESI-TOF for compound 8 and MALDI-TOF for compounds 14 and 15) and low resolution mass spectroscopy (compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9). Preliminary photophysical and photochemical studies for phthalocyanines 14 and 15 were performed (aggregation studies, singlet oxygen quantum yield, fluorescence quantum yield and photobleaching). The obtained results demonstrated compounds 14 and 15 fulfill some essential requirements for PDT studies.
Estratégia de produção e a abordagem da manufatura enxuta: estudos de caso no setor de autopeças brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Lazarin, Daniel França
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Nogueira, Edemilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1495222500800817
In the 1950s, Japanese companies in the automotive sector, in particular the Toyota Motor Company, began to develop different methods to manufacture vehicles in relation to those used by U.S. industry, known at the time as a system of mass production (OHNO 1997; WOMACK et al. 1992; CUSUMANO, 1989). Breaking this paradigm resulted in a new production model, known as the Toyota Production System (TPS) and popularized in the west by the name of lean manufacturing (LM) or lean production (LP). With the implementation of new production systems, it is generally verified that changes occur in production strategies (PSs), in coordinating the flow of materials and information and also the relationships between customers and suppliers, and these can have major impacts on the ways organizational implemented. Given this context, the main objective of this work is to identify and analyze the relationships between production strategies and lean manufacturing approach in three companies of the auto parts industry that have adopted lean manufacturing as a system for production management, trying to verify the role that STP has in the PSs of each company. We opted for a qualitative approach and the research strategy used was the case study. The results of the study indicate that production strategies and lean production are effectively aligned in the cases studied, showing that LP acts supporting the PS of the companies.
Sensores eletroquímicos contendo supramoléculas de complexos periféricos de rutênio: obtenção e aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Silva, Monize Martins da
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Batista, Alzir Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0708303574801390
In this work were performed the reaction of the 5, 10, 15, 20- (tetrapyridil)porphyrin (TPyP) with the cations: Mn(III), Zn(II), Fe(III) and Ga(III) promoting the insertion of these metals in the porphyrin ring center. The reaction of these porphyrins (both, in free base form and in metallated form) were carried out with the complex mer-[RuCl3(dppb)(H2O)], resulting in the supramolecular species, {TPyP[RuCl3(dppb)]4} and {M-TPyP(H2O)2[RuCl3(dppb)]4}+ (M= Mn, Zn, Fe and Ga). The products were characterized by absorption spectroscopy in the UV-Vis and IR regions, elemental analysis (C, H, N), EPR, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, conductivity and magnetic susceptibility. In order to investigate the formation of films on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode the electropolymerization of the polymetallated porphyrins was performed, aiming to produce an electronically modified electrode. The carbon paste was also modified, using the same supramolecules. The modified glassy carbon electrodes were used as electrochemical sensors for determination and quantification of acetaminophen and dopamine substrates, which showed better results, when compared with unmodified glassy carbon electrode. The results obtained presents low DL and QL values. All modified electrodes were effective in quantifying the substrates, using real samples, with a relative standard deviation of less than 1.0%, showing good sensibility and reproducibility. The modified carbon paste electrodes (MCPEs) were used as electrochemical sensors for determination and quantification of real samples of paracetamol and sildenafil citrate (Viagra ®), showing good sensibility and reproducibility. The results obtained with MCPEs showed better results than with unmodified electrode. The relative standard derivation was less than 2.5%. In order to compare with the electrochemical method, a CLAE method was developed. The accuracy of the results obtained using both modified glassy carbon and carbon paste electrodes, were confirmed.
Engenharia de microestrutura de cerâmicas porosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Vivaldini, Diogo Oliva
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7161159593589399
Refractory insulating is used to reduce thermal losses in industrial processes by decreasing the energy transfer rate between regions with distinct temperatures, therefore, increasing the energy efficiency of various industrial processes. Such efficiency optimization trend is not a recent phenomenon, instead, it has been intensified with the constant rise of the energy costs. The thermal insulation capacity of processes operating at high temperatures presents a direct correlation with energy costs, which can be reduced if the insulating performance is enhanced. The present work evaluated the refractory insulating microstructure effect on the material s thermal insulation capacity by indentifying their most suitable microstructural features. Moreover, the work aimed to select and analyze processing routes that could result the required microstructures by pointing out the main variables of ceramic foams generated by aqueous suspensions. Such foams must remain stable during the curing step, inhibiting the bubble coarsening. The liquid foams stability was studied in depth and theoretical models that aim to predict the geometrical and stability/foamability restrictions of the three-phase system (gas-liquid-particles) were generated. The thermal stability of porous microstructures was also analyzed, as they must also remain stable at high temperatures, without any significative porosity reduction and dimensional change of the body. In order to avoid these drawbacks, some routes to control the pore densification rate as a function of their sizes and of the grain boundaries chemical composition were evaluated. At last, this work led to a detailed and advanced knowledge of ceramic foams technology and suggested innovative ways to enhance the thermal insulation efficiency of such materials.
Mudanças de geração na era digital: o professor de matemática e seus alunos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Gaspari, Jaqueline de
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Vilela, Denise Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9522932499424565
The society is changing, in this sense, our research arises in order to understand it better, as well as to understand the individuals who compose it. Thus, this research presents a significant relevance, to reflect on the great changes in society that the current technological, information, and digital revolution is causing. And these changes are of interest to us within schools and math classrooms, being often the technological and information area associated with the discipline of mathematics. In writing this dissertation, we present the development paths of research, from choosing a qualitative methodology, which used interviews and questionnaires to the constitution of the research data, until the resulting analyses of dialogue with the chosen theoretical framework, the Mannheim generation theory. Therefore, we intend to answer the research question and the outlined objectives; we also bring along writing, short questions and concerns towards instigating further reflection, as we propose to understand what is laid and not direct solutions. In this context, the guiding question of this research was organized in order to study the Mannheim generation theory, relating it to the social changes brought about by the technological, information, and digital revolution that plaguing the society, trying to understand these changes, especially when it regards to access to the Internet, focusing on the mathematics teacher and their students. Thus, the theoretical framework is centered on two axes; one of them relates to the new technology revolution, in which we address mainly social changes amid the digital age and internet access, as well as, how these changes are happening to our research subjects. The other axis is directly linked to generational issues, from the perspective of the generation theory, written by Karl Mannheim. It was noticed that even with some changes, what still prevails in the math classroom is the traditional teaching, and the informatics and the new technologies have emerged as a new resource for teachers at the planning time; for students, it continues as the entertainment, the search for the news, sometimes in school aid, but mainly to communicate with colleagues and friends. One of the relevant points in studying the Mannheim generational theory is the new way to realize what is a generation, away from the original idea of the chronological focus. We have understood that the speed of changes generated by new technologies leads to generational nuances in contrast to disruptions that marked the another generations in earlier times, i.e., the change of generations does not happen abruptly, but there is a continuous unfolding, where the interaction among the generations is one of the pillars of social evolution. The dissertation results in a novel and interesting theoretical approach, uniting the theme of the digital age, the math teacher and their students, present at some time in academic research, in both areas education and mathematics, with the generational studies of the sociologist Mannheim. With this dialogue, we try to show new possibilities of reflection on the daily math teacher and their students.
De pai para filho: um estudo da produção antroponômica do trabalhador canavieiro alagoano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Santos, Charles dos
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Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4736477447714245
The purpose of this research is to shed light on the process of insertion and socialization of rural workers in the sugarcane industry from Alagoas. For this, we make use of the concept of antroponomia, coined by the French sociologist Daniel Bertaux, and that try to relate the stages of production of goods to production of people. We seek on the next pages analyze critically the historical facts that led whole families to lose their condition as moradores and smallholders and to have to sell its workforce to the sugar mills and alcohol installed in the region of the tabuleiros, where they carry out services underpaid and in many cases of unworthy way. It is our intent to observe the manner in which the peasant gave way to the rural proletariat and how occurred - and occurs- the production of new workers, often children and grandchildren of those who were expelled from the morada and proletarianized. The places we elect as locus of empirical immersion were the cities of Teotônio Vilela/AL and Pilar/AL, where we interviewed cane cutters, irrigation workers, herbicide applicators and administrators, among other agents. The data collection techniques used were the life history and the semi-structured interview.
Relações estrutura: propriedades como subsídio à elucidação do diagrama de fases do sistema ferroelétrico (Pb,Ca)TiO3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-02-28)
Estrada, Flávia Regina
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Garcia, Ducinei
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3846613292162032
Solid solutions with perovskite structure, especially lead-based oxides, have been developed and investigated as single crystal and/or polycrystal ceramics since the midtwentieth century, but aspects of phase diagram of some of these systems remain controversial. Existing literature proposes, for instance, a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) for the PbTiO3-CaTiO3 ferroelectric system, in the region of concentration Pb/Ca~1.This study has investigated the crystal structure of ferroelectric ceramic systems Pb1- xCaxTiO3 (or PCT) (x = 0.24, 0.35, 0.475, 0.50, 0.55 and 1.00) using structural refinement of powder X-ray diffraction profiles, as a function of temperature. The Rietveld method was used and the convergence parameters of the structural refinement within a single phase were compared, considering different space groups among those described in literature for every composition. The assessment of macroscopic properties such as electrical permittivity, pyroelectric, ferroelectric and thermal expansion was also performed as a function of temperature and/or frequency for the construction of structure-property relationships, in order to determine the best symmetry for each composition and the phase diagram of polycrystalline PCT. At room temperature, the structural refinement analyses for ceramics with x = 0.24 and 0.35 showed tetragonal symmetry (P4mm), such as the PbTiO3, and for x ≥ 0.475 the convergence parameters indicated only one phase with orthorhombic centrosymmetric space group (Pbnm), typical of CaTiO3, as the best. For temperatures between 150 and 570 K, the crystallographic phase transition (tetragonal - cubic) was observed in only one composition, with x = 0.35. The space group Pbnm remained as the most suitable for compositions with x ≥ 0.475 across the temperature range studied, though variations of lattice parameters and/or unit cell volume were observed. Previous studies have proposed phase transitions for this system that are consistent with the variations observed, but those studies were performed by optical birefringence characterization in single crystals or by simulations based on the results of infrared spectroscopy. This is the first time that structural changes are observed as a function of temperature for the concentrations investigated. Such variations were therefore associated to phase transitions whose symmetries are represented by the XRD profiles of perovskite with super lattice reflections, closer to the Pbnm space group. These phases could not be distinguished, however, from Pbnm, probably because of the intrinsic limitations of structural characterization techniques used in this work. Furthermore, the results of the ferroelectric and pyroelectric characterization were not conclusive, mainly due to their dependence on the samples history, but the combination of electrical permittivity and thermal expansion characterizations with the structural refinements proved to be an important tool for elucidating the morphotropic phase boundary of this system. Based on these results, this work proposes a complement to the phase diagram of the Pb1-xCaxTiO3 polycrystaline systems in which phase transitions were characterized by different techniques.