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Avanços e desafios ambientais da Educação Ambiental brasileira entre a Rio 92 e a Rio+20
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-31) Otero, Patrícia Bastos Godoy; Neiman, Zysman; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6435341856481082; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8028451153276262; Rabinovici, Andrea; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4506171831521594; Carvalho, Jussara de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9314401251003025
The thesis discusses the progress and challenges in the field of environmental education (EE) in Brazil, in the period between the two world conferences on Environment and Development organized by the United Nations (UN) and performed in Brazil, the Rio-92 and Rio +20, which happened in 1992 and 2012 respectively. The main objective was to analyze the evolution of the Brazilian Environmental Education in the period between the two great conferences, from the systematization of information of official documents, reports published by the media about the two events and interviews with environmental leaders, politicians and technicians who were in the events and are prominent actors in the field of Environmental Education of Brazil. Since 1992 there has been the emergence and consolidation of various social practices and public policies that favored the development of environmental education in Brazil. Environmental education has influenced the thought and life of Brazilians.
Influência da deposição de filmes finos organosilicones na fotodegradação do polipropileno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-31) Mena, Rodrigo Lemes; Waldman, Walter Ruggeri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322; Mancini, Sandro Donnini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5091149098462301; Botaro, Vagner Roberto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2907189124654066
It is known that polypropylene is degraded in the presence of UV radiation, making difficult its use in applications where occurs this kind of radiation. This situation arises a need to improve the properties of polypropylene under photodegradation. Some work was done in order to improve the surface properties of the polypropylene film with deposition of organosilicon, but the photoprotection caused by these films is still poorly studied. The purpose of this study was to deposit a film prepared from organosilicon plasmas of HMDSO (Hexamethyldisiloxane) on the surface of polypropylene films and verify the protection provided against photodegradation. Depending on the plasma deposition conditions, we detected a variation in the protection exerted by the deposited film. Among the tests, the chemical vapor deposition on low pressure plasma by radio frequency of 13.56 MHz using a mixture of gases with pressure O2/HMDSO added 6 Pa and a power of 80 W for a period of 1 h showed the best protection results, measured by comparing the evolution of the area in the region with the carbonyl peak at 1722 cm-1. FEG-SEM analysis showed that the film generated have adhesion to the substrate. Profilometry analyzes demonstrated that increasing the deposition time increases the film thickness and decreases its surface roughness.
Aprimorando o desempenho de algoritmos de roteamento em VANETs utilizando classificação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-31) Costa, Lourdes Patrícia Portugal Poma; Marcondes, César Augusto Cavalheiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4431183539132719; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9158996149202223
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are networks capable of establishing communications between vehicles and road-side units. VANETs could be employed in data transmission applications. However, due to vehicle mobility, VANETs present intermittent connectivity, making message transmission a challenging task. Due to the lack of an end-to-end connectivity, messages are forwarded from vehicle to vehicle and stored when it is not possible to retransmit. Additionally, in order to improve delivery probability, messages are replicated and disseminated over the network. However, message replication may cause high network overhead and resource usage. As result, considerable research e_ort has been devoted to develop algorithms for speci_c scenarios: low, moderate and high connectivity. Nevertheless, algorithms projected for scenarios with a speci_c connectivity lack the ability to adapt to situations with zones presenting diferent node density. This lack of adaptation may negatively a_ect the performance in application such as data transmission in cities. This masters project proposes develops a method to automatically adapt message replication routing algorithms to diferent node density scenarios. The proposed method is composed of three phases. The first phase collects data from message retransmission events using a standard routing algorithms. The second phase consists in training a decision tree classifier based on the collected data. Finally, in the third phase the trained classifier is used to determine whether a message should be retransmitted or not based on the local node density. Therefore, the proposed method allows routing algorithms to query the trained classifier to decide if a message should be retransmitted. The proposed method was evaluated with real movement traces in order to improve Spray and Wait and Epidemic routing algorithms. Results indicate that the proposed method may contribute to performance enhancement.
Validação do Questionnaire on Resources and Stress - Short Form (QRS-F)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-07-31) Zanfelici, Tatiane Oliveira; Aiello, Ana Lúcia Rossito; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0269442842332108
Family members of people with disabilities may be exposed to various stressors, among them the disability itself, becoming potential targets of stress. In this context, several models have been designed for the study of stress, among which highlights the Cognitive Assessment and the ABC-X, which comprise the coping strategies as a way to mediate the perception of stressors. Researches conducted with several family members have pointed out that the constant stress can lead to more roughness family relationships, and fewer opportunities for stimulation of child development, which contribute to enhance family relationships with any child, including those with disabilities. For the evaluation of the parental stress variable, studies show the use of different instruments, including the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress - QRS-F which stand out for being directed especially to families of children with disabilities and chronic illnesses. Given the above, this study proposed two objectives: 1) the cross-cultural adaptation of the QRS-F, since the translations available in Brazil do not have this treatment, or definitely modified the structure of the questionnaire, 2) a study of the evidence of psychometric validity of the instrument . The first study involved five independent translators, five professionals on the thematic area of the instrument and seven relatives of people with autism. The questionnaire underwent procedures of translation and retranslation, as well translations adjustments, resulting in altered or partially altered. The evaluation of the expert committee regarding the relevance of the questions in the conceptual levels, language and experimental indicated substantial kappa at all levels of assessment, indicating that the translation was adequate for the pilot application. The second study involved 57 mothers, fathers, grandparents and sister of children with and without various disabilities. Their analyzes showed significant correlations with the measure of stress obtained by Symptom Inventory Lipp Stress and the instrument that assessed coping resources, the Coping Strategies Inventory, indicating associations with the dimensions of the QRS-F Parental Problems, Pessimism and Physical Incapacity . The reliability coefficient obtained by the proof of Kuder-Richardson pointed a ratio considered adequate (KR-20 = .64). The test criterion validity indicated higher scores related to the dimension of the QRS-F called Pessimism, when compared groups of respondents relatives of people with and without various disabilities. It was considered that this version of the QRS-F, now called Questionnaire of Resources and Stressors, possesses the attributes necessary to be considered a valid tool in research in the area of parental stress in Brazil. It is suggested to do a further study, covering a broader sample of respondents, which allow the realization of more sophisticated analyzes, but indispensable for the consolidation of this instrument.