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Quando corpos se fazem arte: uma etnografia sobre o Teatro Oficina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-01)
Sousa, Maria Angélica Rodrigues de
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Lanna, Marcos Pazzanese Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8355559441138016
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8531036731457968
The present work performs an ethnographic investigation of some artistic and organizational aspects of the oldest Brazilian theater company in activity: the Teatro Oficina. The analysis intents to discuss the development of the group's unique relation between body and art, that was partly responsible for its success. In order to promote this debate, it's necessary to deeply understand the parameters that guide Oficina's theatrical production, such as the company's use of space, its internal organizational mechanisms, its history and historicity, the company's notion of art as well as its aesthetical operators. The goal is to delineate the aesthetic and social field that enables the emergence and fruition of the body's artification (Shapiro, 2007) process, which will be taken as a reference vector in the analysis of the multiple languages that have been experienced over half a century of interventions. This paper sought to demonstrate that for some artists and some audiences the body in art is seen as an active part in the process of producing subjects and subjectivity, going past the simple aesthetic experience to lead us in the construction of a body that refuses to remain a passive object, that denies the condition of mere receptacle in which an idea is presented or coupled.
Liberdade e incondicionalidade do dever na filosofia moral de Kant
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-02)
Rauber, Jaime José
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Baioni, José Eduardo Marques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9613180348313909
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4310756538456490
The aim of this thesis is to show that Kant's moral philosophy, which finds its basis in the concept of freedom is established with absolute independence of any appreciable influence. Only when man is able to determine their willingness to unconditionally, ie, free from everything empirical effectively becomes free. Within this perspective, there is no room for exceptions to the duty claimed on the basis of empirical circumstances of the shares, as this would lead to a contradiction of pure practical reason with itself. This absoluteness of duty does V. Hösle criticize Kant's moral philosophy insensitivity. At first glance, a response to criticism of V. Hösle seems to be anticipated by Kant with the distinction between duties of strict obligation and duties of obligation can, but research has shown that Kant's moral philosophy remains unconditional and there is no room for exceptions to duty or under or in connection with legal ethics. Nevertheless, the moral philosophy of Kant touches indirectly sensitivity insofar as we are affected and feel the effects of the moral law within us, but this in no way contradicts the purity of his thought.
Propriedade e renda fundiária: configurações contemporâneas do rural paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-02)
Reis de Souza, Tainá
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3601577908568788
The objective of this study was to understand the current relations of rent of land for sugarcane production in São Manuel and Barra Bonita - SP, with the guiding hypothesis that the current relationship between property and land rent keeps the agrarian question as pertinent issue in the understanding of what is termed as a new brazilian rural and that the current social relations of production and property present in rural areas are also expressions of the contemporary rural metamorphoses. From the research objectives, it was decided for a methodology of qualitative basis, with direct observation and unsystematic, and semi-structured interviews. The literature was reviewed, which pervaded themes as agrarian question in Brazil, new ruralities and land rent. In documentary research was conducted survey of municipal institutional records of the land uses, identifying genres produced and the quantity and size of farms. During the fieldwork were interviewed small farmers who rent or have rented - partially or completely - their lands for growing sugarcane, and representatives of the main rural local institutions. It was reported that due to the great regional demand of sugarcane and the difficulties in maintaining other crops, most growers began to devote himself to the production of sugarcane. This transition took place in the 60 and 70 - precisely the period of greatest State action on the sugarcane industry, with the policy of credits and other incentives. Later, with the need for mechanical harvesting and the use of more advanced technology, the maintenance of small sugarcane suppliers became more difficult. For this reason, and also due to the aging of the producers and the lack of interest of the heirs to maintain production, the rent of properties for mills or major producers of sugarcane appeared as a "solution". During the research it was discovered that in fact it not rent of land, but agricultural partnership. In the case studied smallholder cede their land for a large sugarcane agribusiness unit, for whom the partnership, and not the purchase of the land, it becomes more advantageous. It is stated that in this case the partnership do not appear as a remnant of past relationships, but as an expression of relations metamorphosed. With the presence of almost total rent properties is rare to have smallholder farmers, they are, in fact, small owners, who for years even live in the properties. The owners hold title of the land, but only in the legal form. The economic property of the soil, in other words, the appropriation of the economic excess of land, belongs to the mill partner. This theme is not only present in contemporary rural, but also a sign of its metamorphoses. As a final consideration it can be said that facing the transformations which the rural past has in recent decades, the issue of land rent appears as one more factor that should be considered. The debate that has guided the transformation of rural areas does not question the presence of land rent - even the agrarian question. In such a way that the changes concerning the relations between property and land rent are part of the rural areas and also point the metamorphosis of the contemporary rural.
Mecanismo para personalização da privacidade em dispositivos móveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-03)
Melo, Leonardo Leite de
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8226386907565166
Technological advances present in mobile devices feature such as camera, GPS tracking system, internet connection which has enabled the installation of applications that use these resources enabling access to almost unlimited amount of information. Some users have on their mobile devices more sensitive data than those contained on their personal computers, generating a growing concern about the possibility that such information can be used maliciously, resulting in damages for theft of information or physical vulnerability. This dissertation proposes a tool that allows to transfer for the user of mobile devices the control of access permission, as well as aims to make user to be aware of what each application is running. This tool can be used by an individual or by companies to manage security devices of their employees. A prototype implementation of the mechanism for customization of privacy on mobile devices using the Android platform as well as the use and performance assessments conducted in order to validate the proposal are presented in this dissertation.
Resistência cultural na implantação de uma ferramenta de controle fabril
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-03)
Koda, Carlos Alberto Yoshida
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0363120291896116
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Jardim, Maria Aparecida Chaves
This research is based on the concepts of the social structure theory by Pierre Bourdieu and total production management, which pretends to analyze the process of social reproduction during the application of the OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) in a cable manufacturing company following the action research steps. The results shows how the process of social reproduction occurs and the impact of the OEE data, including specific information about the inside rules and the strategies of the involved agents to maintain or look for a new position in the organization. The other part of the results shows how the opportunities of improvements have been identified and the increase of the OEE at the extruder process as a consequence of the execution of the action plan, which is based on the information provided from this tool.
Mapeamento da pesquisa no campo da formação de professores de química no Brasil (2000-2010)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-03)
Silva, Osmair Benedito da
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Queiroz, Salete Linhares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925870606416937
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7461115783885907
The purpose of this paper is to map out academic production in the form of theses and dissertations on the topic of chemistry teacher education, submitted to graduate programs in chemistry, education, and teaching of science and mathematics in Brazil (CAPES areas 4, 38, and 46), between 2000 and 2010. To this end, 33 doctoral theses and 104 master s dissertations were analyzed in their entirety based on the following descriptors: year of submission, academic level or title, geographic region, institution and graduate program of origin, supervisor and author, education, theme, and academic genre. Results from this study suggest the consolidation of the field of research on chemistry teacher education in Brazil in view of the growth in academic production within the period under investigation. Dissertations were found in all geographical regions of the country. Regarding the institution of origin, USP ranked first in the number of studies (20.5%), followed by UFRN (7.5%), UNESP at Bauru (5.8%), and UFSCar (4.4%). Despite its growth, results also show that in most regions, especially in the North, research in this field is rather frail and erratic, which indicates the need to establish new research groups. As for publications derived from dissertations and theses, 194 papers, 87 articles, 17 book chapters, and seven books were produced. The most frequently addressed educational levels were: higher education (54.6%) and high school (36.5%), while the most recurrent research themes were preservice teacher education (56.2%) and inservice teacher education (24.1%). At lesser proportion, there were found studies on teacher identity and professionalization (9.5%) and teaching pedagogical practice (3.6%). With respect to preservice teacher education, the most recurring topics involved teacher education programs, whereas with regard to inservice education, the ones related to teachers conceptions were favored. The preferred academic genre was research. The most commonly employed research methodology was qualitative in nature, predominantly anchored in content analysis and case studies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to contribute to the ongoing debate on chemistry teacher education in Brazil and pose questions concerning existing and future research conducted on this subject.
Mulher fiel: as famílias das mulheres dos presos relacionados ao Primeiro Comando da Capital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-03)
Lima, Jacqueline Stefanny Ferraz de
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6360042109630956
This ethnography is about the families of cunhadas (sisters-in-law). Women so called for establish affective bonds with men related to Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC). More specifically, the interlocutors of this research were cunhadas who were visiting their husbands in prisons composed mostly by prisoners of the PCC. The construction of this ethnography arises from the different points of view expressed by cunhadas about the notion of family. Therefore, firstly, it was favored the point of view of cunhadas about the view of the functional body of penitentiary complexes. Secondly, it was benefited the point of view of cunhadas about the point of view of prisoners. And finally, it was privileged the point of view of cunhadas themselves about the notion of family. Ser-família (Family-being), ter-família (family-having), família-sagrada (sacred-family), família-imperfectiva (imperfective-family), família-manutenção (maintenance-family), família-completa (complete-family) and family as synonym of visita (the visit). These were the varied meanings given to the notion of family according to the statements of the cunhadas. The guiding thread of this text is a day of visit trip in Cerejeira s penitentiaries. These descriptions were densified by the events experienced with the cunhadas and their experiences related to the prison-event. Thus, on the displacing of their points of view about family, we will see an ethnography about faithful and unsubmissive women. Women who valorized and were recognized by facing of the sacrifices, for knowing the discipline and for having proceder. Women that signaled an ethical environment that manifested itself as a referential ground for the production of moral. More than that, for the production of a moral pluriverse. Women que gostam do preso (who like the prisoner), as mulheres dos caras (the guys' women), women que gostam do ladrão (who like the thief). Briefly, this ethnographic effort is about mulheres fiéis (faithful women) contrastively produced by the existence of talaricas women, recalcadas women, women que gostam de cadeia (who like the jail), de ladrão (the thief), do crime (the crime). An ethnography about the families of cunhadas. Families of faithful women.
Corpos abertos: sobre enfeites e objetos na Vila de Cimbres (T.I. Xukuru do Ororubá)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-04)
Lima, Clarissa de Paula Martins
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Cardoso, Marina Denise
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8109498755414467
Talk about their existences through objects and ornaments (enfeites) is something the residents of the Village of Cimbres (Terra Indígena Xukuru do Ororubá) constantly do. This work is, in this sense, an endeavor to pursue them, people, objects and adornments likewise, through the paths they trace, the connections they engender and, at the same time, constitute all of them. As I seek to discuss in this text, something enable objects and ornaments in being active parts in person making, and vice versa: the capacity of everything that is matter to be occupied by existences that go beyond their boundaries, something that constitutes them and is always open to continuous changes. This capacity makes possible to access many portions of Xukuru world through objects and adornments. Thus, looking to the Xukuru through those artifacts, I aim to set forth the multiple connections that they create, and are creating them respectively, and that concerns to relatives and families, person making, politics, cosmology and so on. This text is an exercise to, just as the Xukuru do, look into their world through their objects.
Educação, subjetivação e singularidade em Max Stirner
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-04)
Figueiroa, Jonas Nogueira
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Abramowicz, Anete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7104816752471715
This study aims to problematize, based on a bibliographic study of the German philosopher Max Stirner, the modern paradigm on education, more precisely on the practical of subjectification that compose this paradigm and the possibilities of singularity, as a resistance method to this process. For this purpose, the current study aim to revisit the debate conducted by the author in his book The Ego and his Own, in which the modern subjectivity is presented as a result of a process that started in the antique times and the rise of christianity, pointing to the appearance of a specific type of rationality and morality, constitutive parts of that subjectivity. Moreover, the discussion turns to the characteristics that education acquires in Liberalism, pointing to a better understanding of the liberal education as a process constructing subjectivities, in which the modern rationality and morality occupy a central role to internalize and naturalize domination and governance used nowadays. Finally, we discuss the possibilities presented by the author to construct other relationships socially and pedagogically, besides the ones of subordination that define education in current times.
Pedagogia da terra na UFSCar: uma análise acerca da proposta metodológica e das práticas educativas da turma Helenira Resende
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-04)
Silva, Paula da
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Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7175852696694290
Our goal in this paper is to report and try to analyze the methodological approach and the pedagogical practices of the first Field Education Course conducted by INCRA and PRONERA in partnership with the Universidade Federal de São Carlos and Social Movements of the field, between the years 2008 and in 2011. For this we used a literature review, participatory research and data analysis. We started the work with a brief contextualization of social and economic conditions that trigger land struggles, then we characterize the four social movements struggling for land that participated in the planning, development and evaluation of the course. Given the role of the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra MST, in the fight for land and rural education and have a better defined educational proposal, we list as a parameter to the proposals and actions of course. Then, in the second chapter, devote ourselves to education in the MST, your concept of school and the Pedagogy of Movement, and approach the issue of rural education and the contribution of PRONERA in its consolidation. Finally, in the third chapter we highlight our object, featuring the gang Helenira Resende, pioneered the Pedagogy Course Earth in the State of São Paulo, and reporting pedagogical and methodological approach of the course, in addition to practices performed during the four years, thus, we describe the evaluation process, the organization of the steps, the stage, the pedagogical practices in communities, the community, the times and educational spaces, in addition to mechanisms for monitoring the course. Thus, we seek to contribute to this account future research and the construction of memory of Pedagogy in the Field, in São Paulo and Brazil.
Ergonomia e projeto: contribuições da Teoria de Solução de Problemas Inventivos (TRIZ)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-05)
Tosetto, Thaís
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6834973992915212
The ergonomics actions demand design processes for working conditions, products, processes or working organization. However, the integration of ergonomics into the design processes of organizations is still new. Several reasons account for this, whose common point rests on the failure of the models and practices to trigger design processes from the results generated by the analysis. It is recommended that these processes are developed within a paradigm of social construction in order to facilitate the participation of social actors and stimulate cooperation and incorporation of diverse knowledge involved. From a qualitative analysis, essentially descriptive, of ergonomics and design approaches, the research aims at defining an integrated approach, from the exploration of the contributions of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) and its tools to design process in ergonomics. The tools of TRIZ, in the context of ergonomics, can be applied at all stages of the design process, encouraging and equipping analysis, scenario building, anticipating conflicts and developing solutions. The proposed approach covers five main points including (i) system analysis / problem and constraints identification, (ii) analysis of the situation from the perspective of ideality, comparing past, present and future. (iii) determination of parameters and contradictions by building scenarios, (iv) use of the matrix of contradictions to explore the most relevant inventive principles, and (v) thereafter, the collective construction of the solution, its implementation and reassessment. The research also proposes a matrix of contradictions along with 39 ergonomics parameters. Built on the traditional TRIZ matrix structure and keeping the original inventive principles, the matrix enables the exploration of ideas to solve the contradictions found in the course of the project. The results are a conceptual and a operative starting point for the integration of ergonomics to design processes.
Articulação entre questões étnicas e raciais e a Educação de Pessoas Jovens e Adultas em propostas pedagógicas difundidas pelo site do Ministério da Educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-06)
Correia, Rosimara Silva
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Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4027599916702641
The current research, named Articulation among ethnical and racial issues and the Adults and Young Adults Education in Pedagogical Proposals widespread by the Education Ministry website , unleashed from the personal motivations and bibliographical and exploratory research, was dedicated to identify and analyze in the Pedagogical Proposals published on the Education Ministry website by the Continuous Education Secretary, Literacy, Diversity and Inclusion proposed to the Adults and Young Adults Education elements to education of the ethnical and racial relationship and identify in the Pedagogical Proposal presented in the book Guidelines and Actions for the Education of the Ethnical-Racial Relationship , published on the Education Ministry website by the Continuous Education Secretary, Literacy, Diversity and Inclusion proposed to the Adults and Young Adults Education. From these objectives, the research was guided by the following questions: in the Pedagogical Proposals, published on the Education Ministry website, about Adults and Young Adults Education, what is the role of the ethnical and racial issues? And in the book Guidelines and Actions for the Education of the Ethnical-Racial Relationship what is the role of the Adults and Young Adults Education? Is there an effective dialogue between them? To answer this question the studies were based on the analyze research of quantitative and qualitative content proposed by Bardin. For the qualitative analyzes, realized in the Pedagogical Proposal for the Adults and Young Adults Education a semantic field was created with the radicals: cult , differenc , discrimin , diversit , ethn , identi , prejudice , blac , and racism and an analytical frame was synthesized and for the quantitative analyzes realized in the book Guidelines and Actions for the Education of the Ethnical-Racial Relationship we pointed out all of the indications and recommendations to implement the law 10.639/03 in the modalities of Childhood Education, Elementary Education, High School, Adults and Young Adults Education, Licentiate and Quilombola Education and we synthesized in a comparative frame. About the results, in the Curricular Proposals for the First and Second Segment, the Ethnical and racial themes are approached in a transversal way with emphasis on the areas of Society and History studies and, in the Pedagogical Proposal for Education of Ethnical and Racial Relations, the Adults and Young Adults Education occupies one of the least prominent roles related to the suggestion of activities for the effectiveness of the law 10.639/03. Therefore, these two axles do not have an effective dialogue between each other.
Participação de áreas do tronco encefálico na resposta respiratória ao CO2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-06)
Lopes, Luana Tenório
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2915992384961428
The periaqueductal gray (PAG), a midbrain structure, is directly related to the modulation of survival behaviors and has direct projections to several central nuclei that are involved in breathing control, including the A5 cell group, nucleus of the solitary tract, rostral ventrolateral medulla, raphe nuclei among others. It also receives afferents from areas involved in the control of body temperature such as dorsal medial hypothalamus. Although it is already known that the PAG elicits ventilatory responses when stimulated, the neural circuits involved in this response are not fully elucidated. Therefore, this study explored the involvement of dorsal and ventral PAG on cardiorespiratory and thermal responses to normocapnia, hypercapnia and hypoxia. Thus, ibotenic acid (IBO) or vehicle (PBS, Sham group) was injected into the dPAG (dorsomedial/dorsolateral) or vPAG (lateral/ventrolateral) of male Wistar rats. Pulmonary ventilation (VE), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and body temperature (Tb) were measured in unanaesthetized rats during normocapnia normoxic, hypercapnic and hypoxic exposure (5, 15, 30 min, 7% CO2). The first set of experiments with hypercapnic challenge, IBO lesioning of the dPAG caused reduction of 31% of the respiratory response to CO2 (1094.3 ± 115 mL/Kg/min) compared with Sham (1589.5 ± 88.1 mL/Kg/min), whereas lesion of vPAG caused a decrease in 26% of hypercapnic hyperpnoea (1215.3 ± 108.6 mL/Kg/min) compared with Sham (1657.3 ± 173.9 mL/Kg/min). Basal VE, MAP, HR and Tb were not affected by dPAG or vPAG lesion. These results suggest that dPAG and vPAG exert an excitatory modulation of hypercapnic ventilatory response in rats but do not affect MAP, HR or Tb regulation in resting conditions or during hypercapnia. As to hypoxic challenge, lesions of 3.9 e 2.8% of dPAG and vPAG, respectivally, promoted by microinjection of 0.5 μL of IBO in dPAG and vPAG, did not change the cardioventilatory and thermal responses to hypoxia. The increase of the volume of injection of IBO to 1 μL caused 9.8% and 6.7% of dPAG and vPAG lesion, respectivally. Lesion of dPAG increased 67% the hypoxic ventilatory response (1730 ± 282.5 mL/Kg/min) compared to Shamp group (991.4 ± 194 mL/Kg/min), but lesion of vPAG did not change the cardiorespiratory and thermal responses to hypoxia. As observed with 0.5 μL of IBO, the increase of the size of dPAG and vPAG lesion did not affesct MAP, HR and Tb. In conclusion, dPAG neurons exert an inhibitory modulation of hypoxic respiratory. Additionally, the PAG does not appear to exert a tonic role on cardiovascular and thermal parameters during normoxia and hypoxic conditions.
Efeito de agromineral e vinhaça em atributos químicos de dois tipos de solos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-06)
Lopes, Otavio Mitsuhiro Motizuki
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Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2793506618750803
Can vinasse accelerate the change of minerals in rock powder for obtaining fertilizer, with utilization of residues from alcohol agro and mining industries? Answering this question was the main objective of this study. So, it was carried out two experiments in a laboratory in a completely randomized set using PVC columns in which we reproduced the 0-50 cm layers of a very clayey Red Oxisol and a Quartzipsamment. In the first test, with duration of 30 days, it was evaluated the application form of the mixture into the soil. It were tested incorporation of basalt powder previously in soil and incubation of basalt powder and vinasse in the laboratory for 24 hours and then applied to the soil. In Red Oxisol were used two doses of basalt powder (0 and 2,0 t ha-1), a dose of vinasse (200 m3 ha-1) and as a control, a dose of water (200 m3 ha-1) using the same amounts of rock powder. For this test, samples were collected from the surface of the columns in 1, 7, 15 and 30 days of experiment. In the second test, with duration of 90 days, using the two soils, were added three doses of basalt powder (0, 2,0 and 4,0 t ha-1) and a dose of vinasse (200 m3 ha-1). The control was made by treatments with water (200 m3 ha-1) with the same doses of rock powder. Samples were collected on the surface of each column in 1, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days and at the end of the experiment, in botton and in the leachate. For the surface samples in the first and second tests and the botton in the second test, we determined the levels of macronutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg, S), micronutrients (B, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn), H + Al, Al, organic matter, pH in CaCl2, sum of bases, base saturation and cation exchange capacity. In the leachate were determined Ca, Mg, K, SO4, Fe, Mn and Zn. In the first test, the evaluation of the application form of the mixture indicated that there was no difference between the use of basalt powder and vinasse incubated for 24 hours or previously incorporation of rock powder in the soil and then application of vinasse. In the second test, there were significant effects of solvent and soil in the surface layer, with variations in the levels of the attributes analyzed over time. The dose of basalt powder was not significant for most attributes analyzed, except for the levels of boron and iron. On balance levels at the beginning and end of the experiment, the results suggest that sorption phenomena with neoformed mineral phases or organic acids may have occurred. The mixture of vinasse and rock powder is an alternative fertilizer and reduces the consumption of soluble fertilizers, but further studies are needed to evaluate the sorption phenomena and availability of cations in the mixture.
Análise ambiental da Bacia do Ribeirão Fazenda Velha, Ibiúna-SP: subsídios para o planejamento ambiental e conservação dos recursos hídricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-07)
Lorca Neto, Rafael Ocanha
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Arruda, Emerson Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3099157857752899
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Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos
This study aimed to conduct an environmental analysis of the River Fazenda Velha Watershed, providing subsidies to planning for the conservation of water resources. We used a set of tools in a Geographic Information System - GIS for spatial interpretation of data, statistical analysis and preparation of cartographic products. The maps generated were used to characterize the physical area and its environmental analysis. In the field trips were identified many environmental problems such as siltation of water bodies, soil erosion, release of untreated effluents and deforestation of riparian vegetation. After the environmental analysis was prepared a map of priority areas for conservation of water resources. The sector of the upper basin is the region that contains most of the priority areas and very extremely high. Due to the structuring of relief, marked by the presence of interfluves, with steep slopes (above 20%) becomes a strategic area for groundwater recharge and protection of soil and springs. Were also identified priority areas in the field of middle basin, characterized by slopes greater than 20% and the presence of natural vegetation. With the map of priority areas was possible to draw a map of Environmental Zoning, taking into account the conservation of water resources and the use for human activities. The proposed zoning map has four zones: Zone Conservation of Water Resources, Sustainable Use Zone, Intensive Use Zone, Agricultural Use Zone.
O imagético de uma comunidade caatingueira e os sentidos atribuídos à onça em um processo formativo de educação ambiental crítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-09)
Hofstatter, Lakshmi Juliane Vallim
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Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5821740936715059
This dissertation presents an environmental education research, grounded in an understanding and critical perspective which seeks to contribute to the formation of subjects able to read and act in the world, positioning themselves critically towards the lived reality. This qualitative survey was conducted in concert with a teachers and community members environmental education formation process at the Brejo dos Olhos d Água community, in the caatinga region of Barra-BA. It is also a contextualized educational process, which considers the historicity of the subjects included in social contexts grounded in the popular education disseminated by Paulo Freire. Participatory methods were used to understand the environmental and social perception of the participating group, such as the biomap and rotating panel, deepening the study through photography using a method known as photo-elicitation. Following this stage, our research builds up the main issue of the dissertation, the analysis of the meanings attributed to the jaguar (Panthera onca) and puma (Puma concolor). The relationship between humans and jaguars is extremely conflicted due to the ecological role that this animal occupies: a top predator chain. Thus, there are conflicts of habitat, natural resource use and cattle predation. In order to fulfill our objective of to better understand the origin of so many negative feelings towards these animals, the participant group conducted field interviews with hunters and collected stories related to jaguars and pumas. At the end of this work we used the focus group technique to deepen some of the issues relevant to all research. We applied questionnaires at all stages of the research to obtain data on environmental and social perception and to evaluate the educational process. We adopted hermeneutics as a theoretical perspective to interpret subjective questions implicit to humans, and other relevant techniques within each of the issues addressed, such as the use of semiotics to interpret images. The resuIts evidenced the fact that living in the Caatinga, where livelihoods are directly related to the use of resources and where water is a limiting factor, makes the conflict even more emblematic and therefore this must be considered in any decision. We point out possible ways for continued and contextualized teachers formation processes; awareness of emerging forms of perceiving natural resources beyond the utilitarian; the demystification of fear through information and, if possible, contact with animals; joint planning and participatory use of the area may ensure the survival of both people ways of life and of the jaguar.
Dielectric and elastic response of perovskites: modelling and simulation
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-09)
Jiménez, Rolando Placeres
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Rino, José Pedro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6801067322823031
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2841993868062910
Nesta tese é estudada a resposta elástica e elétrica das perovskitas. As perovskitas são amplamente utilizadas em aplicações técnicas, sendo fundamental na eletrônica e no campo relativamente novo da nanoeletrônica. Elas representam um desafio muito interessante do ponto de vista teórico, devido a uma série de questões ainda não resolvidas. Dois problemas são tratados com diferentes abordagens teóricas. O primeiro problema é focado no comportamento elástico anômalo do CaTiO3 em torno de 200 K. A dinâmica molecular é usada para simular a resposta elástica de uma configuração de monodomínio e polidomínio de CaTiO3 usando o potencial interatômico Vashishta - Rahman. O comportamento anômalo é reproduzido, mas nenhuma mudança estrutural foi detectada. Utilizando a análise não-linear de séries temporais é mostrado que tais anomalias são dinâmicas e são geradas pelo movimento das paredes de domínio. O segundo problema tratado é mais geral e refere-se à resposta dielétrica não-linear. Dois modelos para o movimento de paredes de domínio são propostos com o qual é possível reproduzir os efeitos da intensidade do campo elétrico e frequência, e comportamento transientes. No primeiro modelo, a parede de domínio é considerada como uma membrana esticada. As relações de dispersão e dependência da permissividade com campo elétrico são derivadas. Com este modelo é possível reproduzir o comportamento histerético do permissividade em função do campo elétrico. O modelo explica corretamente o efeito do tamanho de grão na resposta dielétrica. O segundo modelo considera que a parede do domínio comporta-se como um corpo rígido que se move sob a ação de um campo de forças de potencial num meio com dissipação. Supondo que a constante dielétrica segue a dependência É α/1 (α + βE) é obtida a expressão exacta do potencial efectivo. Simulações de corrente de polarização preve corretamente uma lei de potência. O modelo é estendido para amostras polarizadas permitindo o estudo da permissividade dielétrica não-linear para campos elétricos de subswitching. Estes modelos simples para o movimento da parede de domínio podem ser muito úteis para obter informação dos parâmetros microscópicos a partir de medições dielétricas. Também poderiam ser muito úteis para separar correntes condutoras de mecanismos de polarização, especialmente em filmes finos ferroelétricos.
Pressupostos pedagógicos das atuais propostas de formação superior em saúde no Brasil: origens históricas e fundamentos teóricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-10)
Conterno, Solange de Fátima Reis
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Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3619930912262742
The study approached the pedagogic assumptions of current proposals of health graduation in Brazil, disclosed by the Health Ministry as innovative and as the only possibility, nowadays, of a competent, critical and progressive health graduation. The recommended assumptions are expressed by the quotations of learning to learn; the facilitating professor; signifying learning; teaching centered in the student s interest and problem based learning. Worked with the premise that the assumptions of innovative methodologies if historically situated they lose their inventiveness and originality not constituting themselves in something new. The research aimed systematizing the historical background of the changing movement in graduation of professionals connected to health in the last decades; to identify and analyze the suggestions of changes in health training in different historical moments by different actors. To apprehend from official documents the methodological assumptions divulged to health graduation in Brazil in the last years, aiming to identify the theoretical origins of the identified pedagogical assumptions. For carrying out the present study there were recurred to primary sources, official documents which explicit the reorientations of health professionals training; ordinances; resolutions; reports; recommendations and official discourses elaborated and divulged by institutions, organs and people, which one way or another, are connected to the discussion of professionals formation which act in health field in Brazil and in the world. The secondary sources used in the course of study are intellectual productions identified as disseminators of the movement which encouraged and still do the change in health graduation based in the adhesion of innovative and intellectual methodologies which analyze the limits of active and non-directive assumptions. Through the systematization and analysis of data it was possible to identify the burden that the international movements, mostly those connected to the discussion of medical education and the role of different international organisms as the OPAS and Kellog foundation had in the disclosure of theoretical-methodological change proposes in professional training in the health field. By analyzing the main initiatives of changes in the health training disclosed in Brazil there were explicit the theoretical and political influences which conducted the Health Ministry to induce the proposes of training backed by innovative/active methodologies, which started to divulge the pedagogical assumptions theoretically connected to the active and non-directive pedagogies. Starting from the assumption that not always what is referred as new is new itself, or brings in it a significant progress related to what has been already established, along to the study of the theoretical-methodological origins of the recommended pedagogical assumptions. We conclude that the pedagogical assumptions divulged may be considered innovations in the context in which they were produced, beginning of the last century, because they constitute answers to the problems faced in the field of education, mostly in the beginning of the last century and which had as main point basic education, notedly, children s education. In the field of health, is not something new, but it is strongly anchored in one of the most advanced movements concerning the field, Preventive Medicine, which since the last century has defended the necessity of change, the curricular readjustment and the incorporation of active methodologies in health training. Currently such assumptions are resignified, losing their original sense.
Objetos virtuais de aprendizagem aplicados ao ensino de física: uma sequência didática desenvolvida e implementada nos conteúdos programáticos de física ondulatória, em turmas regulares do nível médio de escolarização que utilizam um sistema apostilado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-11)
Miranda, Márcio Santos
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Studart Filho, Nelson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451310772113076
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5264432549302955
The use of digital learning objects (DLO) in the classroom has become more relevant and frequent. Therefore, reflecting on pupils and teacher s attitude, in real-class situations about the insertion of new educational technologies has proved pertinent and up to date. This paperwork presents a didactic sequence about Physics of Waves using mainly PhET Interactive Simulations. The methodological approach is based on the Meaningful Learning Theory by Ausubel and coworkers and the Face-to-Face Collaborative Method developed by Moreira. The sequence was applied in two Physics classes of two different Brazilian High Schools which use a Teaching Structured System. All the activities are designed in the form of a preliminary, Interaction with the DLO, and outcome and planned for double 45-minute classes. The continuous use of Maps of Concepts in order to follow the evolution of concepts understanding of the student has allowed to conclude that there have been effective learning gains in the process of hierarchical organization and relationship between the concepts involved in the Physics of Waves. The work described here has shown that it is possible successfully insert DLO in the regular classrooms of a traditional private school. However, the most important result from this work has been the change in the attitudes of students and teacher and their behavior in the classroom. After this practice, the teacher has planned the classes more carefully, introducing new teaching initiatives, and the students have experienced a more active and protagonist role in the process of knowledge building.
Zéolitas ZSM-12 mesoporosas textura, cristalinidade e atividade ácida para o craqueamento de cicloexano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-12)
Carvalho, Kele Tatiane Gomes
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Urquieta-González, Ernesto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7263345705541875
The research addressed the generation of mesoporosity in the zeolite ZSM-12 (MTW). In the first part we studied the synthesis of ZSM-12 via conventional methodology and in the presence of a mesopore directing agent, organosilane [3-(Trimethoxy-silyl)propyl] octadecyldimethylammonium chloride (TPOAC). It was verified to influence the TPOAC/SiO2 and H2O/SiO2 ratios and, also the aging of the reaction mixture, temperature and time of the hydrothermal treatment. In the second part we studied the formation of mesoporosity by post-synthesis treatment with alkaline solution (NaOH). For optimization of such treatment the concentration of the NaOH solution and the temperature were varied. The zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance of 27Al, and temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia. By the analyses of X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement, we verified a decrease in crystallization kinetics with increasing TPOAC/SiO2 ratio and a tendency for simultaneous crystallization of MFI and MTW phases with increasing H2O/SiO2 ratio, temperature and aging time. It was possible to obtain mesoporous ZSM-12 with high purity and crystallinity with only small quantities of TPOAC and relatively long crystallization times. For ZSM-12 zeolites treated in basic medium, there was the formation of mesopores in the range from 2.9 to 23 nm due to the silicon extraction from the crystalline framework, which caused a decrease in the volume of micropores and an increase in the total acidity, assigned to the decrease in Si/Al ratio. In the cracking of cyclohexane at 400 °C, although the presence of mesoporosity had caused a decrease in the total acidity, the zeolites synthesized with TPOAC showed similar conversions to conventional zeolite with minimal catalytic deactivation, which was attributed to the better mass transfer and less coke formation. The ZSM-12 zeolites treated with NaOH exhibited activity and stability similar to those obtained in the presence of TPOAC. By its higher proportion of strong acid sites, the conventional ZSM-12 zeolite showed higher hydrocarbon yields in the range from C2 to C4 in comparison with the mesoporous zeolites, with the latter showing a higher yield for C6 hydrocarbons.