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Avaliação do híbrido CTA-MCM-41, modificado por poliestireno, na transesterificação catalítica de monoéster
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-29)
Cruz, Ivana Helena da
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Cardoso, Dilson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3731669911153393
The present work shows a new technique applied to the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts MCM-41 containing basic alkylammonium cations and the study of stability in the transesterification reactions of monoesters. MCM-41 was developed by Mobil Oil Corporation in 1992 due to demand for materials with pore diameters in the range of mesoporous and is characterized by the arrangement of hexagonally ordered channels. Its synthesis involves precursors such as silicon source, hydroxyl source and surfactant, this latter in aqueous solution assumes the provision more favorable to their bi-functional character, forming a structure called a micelle. Recent polls show MCM-41, containing alkylammonium cations as an excellent base catalyst in fine chemistry and applicability in the production of biodiesel possessing strong basic sites related to the presence of anions siloxy ≡SiO- from interacting with the surfactant alkylammonium cations. The potential for reuse of heterogeneous catalysts brings economic benefits to the chemical processes involved, but the stability is needed in the different uses and leaching of these cations to the reaction observed in the different uses of the catalysts MCM-41 CTA+ reconciled to the loss of catalytic activity observed in literature motivated the search for new methods of synthesis with the aim of setting alkylammonium cations (CTA+) in the catalyst micelles. With this objective the styrene was used in synthesizing and expanding agent micellar enabling it inside the micelles and subsequent polymerization. X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy in the region, elementary chemical analysis (CHN) techniques were used for characterization of new materials poly (styrene)-MCM-41 CTA+. The new catalysts provide high conversions (82%) transesterification of monoester (ethyl acetate) and methanol (1:6) at 50 ° C and were more stable catalytic achieving the proposed objective.
Transferência de oxigênio e condições de cisalhamento em biorreator convencional com impelidores orelha de elefante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-30)
Bustamante, Maritza Catalina Condori
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Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7269967957109739
Due to owing to the nature of culture involving aerobic filamentous microorganisms, conventional aerated stirred-tank bioreactors using the Rushton turbine impeller are widely employed in order to achieve good mixing and oxygen mass transfer. However, this impeller presents disadvantages such as high power consumption, and generates higher shear in the medium, which can cause irreversible morphological changes in microorganisms, damaging the culture performance. In literature, impellers called "Elephant Ear" (EE), presented in down-flow (down-pumping) (EEDP) and up-flow (up-pumping) (EEUP) configurations, are indicated as suitable for cultivation of shear sensitive cells. However, this characteristic has never been demonstrated quantitatively. In the present study, the oxygen transfer and hydrodynamics parameters were evaluated and compared in a conventional aerated stirredtank bioreactor equipped with impellers as the classical impeller Rushton turbine (RT) and with EE in EEDP and EEUP modes. Firstly, prediction equations were obtained for quantifying the average shear rate (Ýav) in the different systems, as function of the operating conditions (600≤N≤1000 rpm and 0.40≤Ýavar≤1.2 vvm) and rheological properties of the pseudoplastic fluids (K and n), based on a methodology that uses the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient as characteristic parameter. The values of Ýav obtained from the correlations for the RT impeller were within a range of values estimated from correlations of the literature, showing that the methodology utilized is valid. Based on correlations of Ýav and on results of power consumption, the energy dissipation and Kolmogorov micro-scale (micro eddy sizes) could be estimated. For non-Newtonian fluids, the RT and EEUP impellers generated micro-eddies with smaller sizes in the range from 45.0-127.0 and 80.6-123.7 μm, respectively, showing that the impellers RT and EEUP are more shear than EEDP impeller. Using the prediction equations of Ýav the effect of shear conditions in cultures of Streptomyces clavuligerus were evaluated in conventional bioreactor equipped with RT, EEDP and EEUP impellers at 800 rpm, 0.50 vvm and 30C. Profiles of the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient and shear rate were obtained during the cultivation. The morphological changes resulted from shear conditions imposed for the different impellers were analyzed using image analysis technique. The RT and EEDP impellers imposed the highest oxygen transfer and smaller shear to the broth, respectively. The flow pattern generated by EE impellers was crucial at the beginning of the cultivation, and is highly beneficial when EEUP impeller were used, since it presented a controlled shear throughout the cultivation. The best cultivation condition for the clavulanic acid production was obtained using the EEUP impeller, which resulted in a maximum concentration of 453 mg/L and a consistency index K= 2.5 Pa.s0.27. The results suggested that the isolated hyphae are directly related to the K of the broth and clavulanic acid production. According to the rapid fragmentation of clumps and emergence of isolated hyphae, it was concluded that the RT impeller presents shear rates higher than the EEs impellers, since the size of branched and non-branched hyphae were smaller and in greater quantities. This fact shows an advantage in the EEUP impeller use in shear sensitive microorganism cultures that requiring high levels of oxygen, without affecting the process performance. This advantage is associated with the flow pattern generated for the EEUP impeller.
Sinterização por micro-ondas em uma e em duas etapas de varistores à base de ZnO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-30)
Gunnewiek, Rodolfo Foster Klein
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Kiminami, Ruth Herta Goldschmidt Aliaga
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643216999108223
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5185829124608696
This thesis is aimed at one-step microwave sintering at frequencies of 2.45 GHz and 30 GHz and the development of two-step microwave sintering (MW-TSS) at 2.45 GHz of ZnO-based nanostructured semiconductor compositions for application in varistors. The synthesis of nanostructured additives Mn, Cu, Cr, Co and Bi oxides with particles below 100 nm, based on the cationic exchange of soluble salt/polymer was developed and improved. After preparation and conformation, the samples were ultra-rapidly sintered at heating rates of 100 °C/min at 2.45 GHz and 20 °C/min at 30 GHz, both at 10 minutes of holding time, and in the two-step sintering the t2 holding time did not exceed one hour. The MW-TSS technique enabled us to reduce the pure ZnO average grain size from 4.85 (micro) to 2.85 (micro) while increasing density from 96.9% to 97.9%. For the Matsuoka nano composition, sintering at 30 GHz proved more effective, reaching a non-linear coefficient (atto) of 37 and a density of 96.5%. The addition of copper to the composition improved the value of (atto) reaching 71.4 at 2.45 GHz. However, the two-step sintering by microwave permitted a reduction in the average grain size and an increase in the electrical properties, reaching of 40 in the copper-free composition, and with the addition of copper it reached 83 with the breakdown electrical field achieving 14 kV/cm, with average grain size always below 3 μm, and, in the best condition in which the electrical properties were optimized, of merely 1.84. Although the average grain size attained is not located within the nanometric scale, sintering by microwave proved effective in obtaining varistors with excellent electrical properties, achieving finer microstructures when the two-step sintering by microwave technique is applied, with greatly reduced times for both one-step and two-step sintering techniques. The accelerated diffusional processes relative to the possible nonthermal effects caused by the microwave processing were also discussed.
A experiência da estereoscopia no audiovisual contemporâneo (2005-2012)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-30)
Cordebello, Pedro Dolosic
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Massarolo, João Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7962735326969600
Stereoscopic three dimensional pictures has gained significant importance in the entertainment industry nowadays. 3-D movies are intended to bring back the audience to the theater, and the stereoscopic television is the technology which will bring such immersive experience in the home. However, to produce, transport and show high quality stereoscopic content many skills and technologies are involved. The aim of this work is to bring some of the newest technological achievements in this area to anyone interested, and to contribute to scientific production in this research field.
O mal-estar em Guimarães Rosa - os empecilhos da cultura encenados nas famílias rosianas: a tragicidade da constituição cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-30)
Cardoso, Naiara Mangino
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Alves-Bezerra, Wilson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1602719736498812
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3951720136978245
En este trabajo proponemos analizar tres cuentos de João Guimarães Rosa Sorôco, sua mãe, sua filha (1962), A terceira margem do rio (1962) y Meu tio o Iauaretê (1969) por medio de la teoría psicoanalítica. Las dos nociones principales que estructuraran nuestra lectura son: la cultura (Kultur), a partir de los estudios de Sigmund Freud (1930), y el significante, a través de los apuntes de Jacques Lacan (1957). Teniendo por base tales nociones pretendemos demostrar cómo en Rosa se arquitecta estéticamente la tragicidad de la constitución cultural (cf. Walnice Nogueira Galvão, 1978). La cultura (Kultur), establecida a partir de los tabúes que limitan la realización de los deseos humanos, causa malestar (Unbehagen). De este modo, el hombre crea una relación problemática con este universo lleno de privaciones fundamentadas en la Ley. Tal problemática es puesta en escena en estos tres cuentos rosianos de distintas maneras. Somos así, colocados delante del sentimiento de culpa oriundo de la instauración cultural (Freud, 1912-1913) , de la locura, y de la ilusión (Illusion) (cf. Freud, 1927) de un posible regreso a la Naturaleza tiempo mítico y místico de la plenitud del sujeto. Todo se pasa en el microcosmo de las relaciones familiares (padre e hijo en las márgenes del río, Sorôco, su madre y su hija, y el sobrino de Iauaretê), que se confrontan con las relaciones de parentesco (cf. Lévi-Strauss, 1949); o sea, prenderse en la familia perjudica la unión en la cultura (Kultur), que tiene por objetivo la supremacía de los lazos artificiales sociales en detrimento de las relaciones naturales (cf. Lévi-Strauss, 1949) familiares.
Abordagem do ensino de desvio padrão em livros didáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-30)
Francisco, Sérgio Luiz
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Moura, Renato José de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5227908949297904
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7962308898758608
Teaching Statistics as part of the axis Treatment Information is seen by PCN (Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais) as a tool for the interpretation of the world that surrounds the pupil, in view of the diversity of areas using the typical elements of Statistics (such as tables, graphs, etc.) in the dissemination of information. Hence, the need for teaching this subject should strive for contextualization of its contents and provide information for decision-making. The objective of this work was to present a didactic sequence that judges be more appropriate as the significance for the student with regard to the teaching of some of these elements of statistics, specifically the Standard Deviation, the application of an exercise in a class of 3rd. year of high school public school education in the city of Jahu. Together, adds that, after analysis of seven textbooks indicated by PNLEM programs (Programa Nacional do Livro Didático do Ensino Médio) and PNLD ((Programa Nacional do Livro Didático) as to approach the teaching of statistics, it was found that in one there is the option for this instructional sequence in which the settings of the approach is associated with the Normal Curve probabilities related to a frequency distribution. Expected to lead teachers and mentors to reflect on the teaching of this subject, both in performance in the classroom or guidance for professionals in education, as in the choice of books or other educational materials.
Desenvolvimento de três aplicativos educacionais para plataformas de tablets e smartphones baseados em sistemas iOS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-30)
Varjão, Ricardo Moreira
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Garcia, Ducinei
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5329334049890115
This study aimed to produce educational apps for tablets and smartphones targeted to teaching physics and mathematics that could be used both in the classroom and in informal places of learning and teaching. "Kinematics", "String" and "Equation" with themes of kinematic waves on strings and polynomial equations up to the third degree, respectively, three applications for iOS systems were developed. Until the release date at the Apple Store, between December 2011 and January 2012 up to September 2013 were made more than fourteen thousand downloads in one hundred and twelve countries spread across all continents. Comments sent to the author, both the virtual store, and through social networks, demonstrated the successful implementation of these new applications as educational tools.
Desenvolvimento de sistemas automáticos empregando flow-batch e multicomutação para análise fotométrica de amostras de interesse farmacêutico e agronômico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-30)
Pereira, Alessandra Félix da Costa
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Reis, Boaventura Freire dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7619359855870896
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3911505765005171
In this work is proposed the development of automated procedures with sufficient sensitivity for photometric determination of aluminium in water used for hemodialysis treatment and nickel in digested plants. ANVISA established that the maximum allowable concentration is 10 μg L-1 Al (III) in solution for hemodialysis. The matrix has a high concentration of salts such as Ca, Mg, K and about 30% (w/v) NaCl, thus causing difficult to determine the metal. This drawback was overcome in this work by employing a multicommuted flow-batch system and a LED photometer equipped with a flow cell with optical path length of 200 mm. There was no prior preparation of the sample and the method was based on the reaction of Al (III) with chromeazurol S, producing a compound of pink color, which absorbed electromagnetic radiation with maximum at 530 nm. After optimization of the parameters, the proposed procedure showed a linear response range between 5.0 and 125 μg L-1; a detection limit of 0.6 μg L-1; consumption of 12 mg and 85 mg S chromeazurol and hexamine per determination, respectively; a sampling frequency of 70 determination per hour and a waste generation of 1.6 mL per determination. To evaluate the accuracy of the methodology was employed standard addition and the results showed a recovery in the range 90-113 %. The analytical module for the determination of nickel was developed to implement the multicommutation process with the use of solenoid minipump as fluid propelling device. The procedure was developed based on the reaction with Ni (II) with dimethylglyoxime in alkaline medium, producing a compound which showed maximum absorption at 490 nm. After optimization of the control parameters, the proposed procedure showed a linear response in the range from 0.13 to 2.0 mg L-1; detection limit of 0.04 mg L-1; 2.40 mg consumption of trietanolamine; 2.00 mg of potassium persulfate; and 0.40 mg of dimethylglyoxime, all for determination.
Modelagem da eficiência de coleta em ciclones utilizando a fluidodinâmica computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-30)
Ramirez, Maribel Valverde
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Gonçalves, José Antônio Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0337997526924402
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9371597807489520
Cyclones are used to separate suspended particles from gas streams. The analysis of flow inside the cyclone is complex due to the large number of parameters and operating variables that influence the dynamics of the system. Due to its versatility of use and its robustness, results in computational fluid dynamic are an important alternative often used to study the dynamics of flow in the cyclone. In the literature, several works make use of computational fluid dynamics in order to study the pressure drop of cyclones. However, the works about the efficiency of collection are fewer. For the cyclone, computational fluid dynamics allows an accurately simulation of the collection efficiency of particles with diameter greater than 5 µm; but for particles with smaller diameters the simulated results diverge from experimental values. In this work, Stairmand s cyclone was numerically simulated with injected particles with diameters from 1 to 5 µm. The results were verified using available experimental data reported in the literature. The experimental data taken from literature belong to Zhao and Shen Kang (2004) and Zhao (2005). The simulation mesh was analyzed before and after the simulations. The turbulence models used in the simulation of flow in the cyclone were: Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The dispersed phase was simulated considering one and two way couplings. The equation of motion of the particles was integrated using the integration schemes: implicit, analytic, trapezoidal, and Runge-Kutta. The results showed that the methodology was adequate to reproduce the behavior of the flow in the cyclone. The error percentages obtained in pressure drop were under 5% and the average collection efficiency was reproduced with good accuracy for diameters of 3, 4 and 5 µm.
Nação em processo e identidades em trânsito: a face pós-colonial em o último voo do flamingo, de Mia Couto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-01)
Pimenta, Dionisio da Silva
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Valentim, Jorge Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427303771174064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569800642482195
This work intends to analyse the novel O último voo do flamingo, by Mia Couto, through the postcolonial theory, showing how the narrative constructs a political criticism to the administration of a small village called Tizangara, possible metonymy of Mozambique. In this way, the goals are to demonstrate how some aesthetic resources that the novel uses, such as the satire, the uncommon, the oral tradition and the discursive construction of the difference, work as mechanisms of expurgation of a political corruption and contribute to the fiction to be a way of promoting the catharsis of a postcolonial locus.
Expressão heteróloga em Saccharomyces cerevisiae e ensaio de atividade de uma ß-1,4- endoglucanase isolada do cupim Velocitermes heteropterus (Isoptera, Termitidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-01)
Sabadine, Maria Augusta
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Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329741640375661
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7721637683679619
The current world scenery points out that the environment changes in the Earth planet is due to the intense use of fossil fuels along decades. This panorama launched the needs for the replacement of fossil fuels to sustained renewable fuels. In this context new technologies are being developed for the production of new bioenergy sources. The lignocellulosic biomass represents an abundant renewable source of cellulose on Earth. This is certainly one of the cheapest materials and therefore has been extensively studied as source of sustainable energy for industrial purposes. Several methods for obtaining bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass are being seeked worldwide and in that regard it is essential that the Brazil could keep its natural leadership in this field of research. In this way, the use of cellulases from eukaryotic organisms has achieved high importance in the commercially-available enzymes repertoire with purpose to degrade lignocellulosic materials in reduction sugars (glucose) for the fermentation process. The termites, eusocial insects, are potential organisms for this research investment, because they feed lignocellulosic materials and their digestory system presents the enzymes for cellulose hydrolysis generating glucose for the industrial process for production second generation ethanol.. Thus, the identification, isolation and expression of termites cellulases can be considered are a key-step to search for enzymes suitable for the use of cellulose-derived glucose in current process of ethanol production implemented in Brazil. Velocitermes heteropterus can possibly express a cellulase of interest presumably active in the fermentation tanks. In this study, we identified, sequenced and cloned one of three major enzymes of the cellulose degradation system , the endo-1,4-ßglucanase from Velocitermes heteropterus. Our results showed a high expression of its enzyme in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (FGSC9721 strain). Experiments for purification and enzymatic activity of this enzyme are in development.
Da impotência à impossibilidade: a escrita do objeto a na pornografia de Hilda Hilst
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-02)
Morel, Kátila Kristhina Kormann
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Alves-Bezerra, Wilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1602719736498812
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5122520095282946
In 1990, Hilda Hilst announces she would be leaving serious literature and would write pornografphy to earn money and readers. However, since the 1970s, there is in her speech a declared tension between what she writes and what editors and readers would like her to write. From the viewpoint of lacanian psychoanalysis, it can be said that in this speech is in question the attempt always impossible of satisfying the demand of the Other. Such discourse permeates the work of Hilda Hilst, so much so that her first prose tale, "Fluxo", has writing as a theme and as in line with his speech, the character Ruiska, writer, is also trying to satisfy the demand of the Other. Faced with this impasse between what he would like to write and what the editor required, Ruiska succumbs and goes mad. When Hilda Hilst announces she would write porn, she seems to have yielded to the pleas of publishers and would offer the target-object, object demanded. Various aspects of pornography make it operate via the sense, leading to an enjoyment of sense and thus getting the level of demand. However, Hilda Hilst, in the book O caderno rosa de Lori Lamby , subverts the usual procedures of pornography that would take this to operate via the sense, making her pornographic writing operate by way of the enjoyment out-of-sense, making an edge to the actual passing of impotence and inability for allowing something that meshes of desire. Thus, Hilda Hilst´s pornography now functions as an anal object a, double-face, which seems to have the brightness agalma, but which is actually garbage.
A internacionalização de empresas brasileiras e recrutamento de seus executivos: estudo de caso do grupo Gerdau
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-02)
Julian, Erica Ambiel
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Donadone, Julio César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5243693744850673
The present research seeks to explore the influence of international studies inside companies, this study is about managers hiring for transnational companies. The globalization of Brazilian businessare driven by the desire ofnew markets and growth capital, motivate by some Brazilian companies that occupy space in the global scenario. This is a result of several factors that make easy the transition of knowledge and managerial, people and capital, creating an open world market, and to receive strong competitors who aspire to work globally with consumers and employees. The consequences for thisprocess described are diverse within the internal scenarios in each country, both for those countries that receive foreign capital,or for those countries that allow the entry of foreign products, and for those who seek new horizons. Professionals who hold positions within these organizations turn into an international model. Their executives modify the professional profile of the field, transforming the way of hiring their successors to meet international requirements. The arrival of foreign structures to local, and mainly local expertise, renews the perception that agents have on the field of disputes, best professional positions in the job market also propose changes in the type of trajectory and how they make choices for desire positions of importance. Thus, besides the economic and cultural aspects surrounding the circulation of companies, it is interesting to note the changes in the social environment and internal policy related. To better understand the phenomenon described, was used this research in the Metalúrgica Gerdau S.A., its employees and its history.
Efeitos da eletroestimulação intravaginal e da eletroestimulação de superfície em mulheres com incontinência urinária de esforço
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-03)
Correia, Grasiéla Nascimento
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Driusso, Patricia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8878717048564522
Several Studies evaluated the effects of intravaginal electrical stimulation (IVES) in the stress urinary incontinence (SUI) treatment. However, few studies assessed the effects of surface electrical stimulation (SES), which, according to studies, is effective to SUI, cheap, and less embarrassing to the patient. Despite these advantages of SES, the IVES is the most used type of electrotherapy in clinical practice. Moreover, there are not any studies which compared the effects of SES with the ones of IVES treatment, what justifies the importance of this doctoral studies. Two studies were performed. In the STUDY I the objective was to evaluate and compare the effects of SES e IVES in women with SUI. In the STUDY II, the objective was to verify the effects of SES in the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) electrical activity. In order to performe these studies, were included 45 women, with SUI and who were more than 50 years old. These volunteers were randomized in three groups: intravaginal electrical stimulation group (IVESG, n=15), surface electrical stimulation group (SESG, n=15), and control group (CG, n=15). The IVESG used intravaginal electrode in the treatment and the SESG performed the electrical stimulation with four silicone electrodes, bilaterally fixed in ischial tuberosity and suprapubic region. Both, IVESG and SESG performed 12 sessions of treatment (equipment Dualpex 961), with the same parameters. The CG did not receive any treatment during the corresponding time. In the STUDY I, the volunteers from all the groups performed the evaluation before and after the treatment. In which was performed the 1-hour pad test, the quality of life with the King s Health Questionnaire ad the evaluation of PFM function and pressure with the equipment (Peritron 9300). The STUDY II, which included the SESG and the CG, evaluated SUI severity by the 1-hour pad test, the PFM electrical activity and the quality of life with the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF). The result of STUDY I show that the SES and IVES improved the SUI, PFM pressure and the quality of life. In the STUDY II was verified that the SES treatment also improved the PFM electrical activity. With the result of these studies it is possible to conclude that the SES and the IVES show a similar results and, therefore, both are important option of SUI treatment.
Análise reflexiva da produção participativa e da dimensão crítica de materiais de educação ambiental no contexto de bacias hidrográficas no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-04)
Figueiredo, Andréia Nasser
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Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1512617583290864
Participation, as one of the assumptions of a critical and emancipatory Environmental Education, is essential to promote the meeting of people with different knowledges that create a new knowledge, that is the dialogue.Starting from concrete experiences and seeking to substantiate them, this study aims to understand how the processes of participatory elaboration of materials with the context of Hydrographical Basins contributes to the critical educational process ( involving three dimensions : knowledge, ethical and aesthetic values and political participation ) for the proposed theme and the concept of participation, to contribute to consideration of new processes. From five interviews, the first step to answer our purpose was to analyze the participatory methodological approaches, degrees and concepts of participation and identifiable complex concept Basin in these processes. The development of materials based on the concept of participation is an alternative to overcome the linear view and simplifying the understanding of environmental issues and allows for a critical understanding of the environment and their interrelationships. The socioenvironmental issues may generate a critical and boost the subjects to participate, acting on a broader field, in decision making, as a way of strengthening their citizenship through dialogue in reflective action. The materials bring one of the most prominent themes of the present time, namely the management of water in the context of watersheds or hydrological basins. The holistic concept of basins can help the educational process as a means of integrating the collective. And, in this sense, the materials elaboration through participative methodologies represents a constitutive process to the remaking of the relationship between society and environment, and represents an act of citizen participation. When we understand that the major product of the process is the shaping experience and not only the materials, we understand the importance of encouraging participative methodologies. Furthermore, we believe that a good practice that should be assumed by a/one educator/environmental educator when facing a new process of developing materials based on the evaluation is guided by similar materials. The second stage of the research resulted from analysis of seven materials, resulting from projects systematized interviews, aiming the occurrence of the three dimensions of educational practice which we consider inseparable in an effective work of Environmental Education. The exercise of reflection on past experience provides the teacher/educator the opportunity to learn and not to stumble on the same obstacles encountered by other/the educators/s, thus avoiding presenting the same weaknesses. We understand that this reflection brings methodological contributions to research in environmental education, while, at some point, innovates to analyze and reflect on participation, a concept that permeates the educational action critique, and on the concept and theme Hydrographical Basins. A reflective analysis of the processes of development and some aspects of the materials showed that we deem interesting for the field, and so we gathered in ten guidelines for the participatory preparation of materials to support environmental education. The importance of having guidelines is to support the initiative to the dialogue and to the transforming actions.
Concretos refratários espinelizados : projeto da microestrutura e análise da corrosão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-04)
Sako, Eric Yoshimitsu
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8928860067817842
The addition of magnesium-aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4) in refractories for secondary steel refining has been considered for years one of the more feasible alternatives to reduce the corrosive wear imposed by the aggressive steel ladle environment. Nonetheless, the corrosion resistance of spinel refractory castables is still not fully understood, mainly regarding to the influence of chemical and microstructural characteristics of such materials. This aspect is basically related to: 1) the limited knowledge on the castable microstructural evolution with temperature and, 2) the usual evaluation of commercial products with unknown compositions. In order to overcome this drawback, the main objective of the present project is to understand the microstructural behavior of spinel refractories during sintering and, as a consequence, how the generated microstructure interacts with basic slags at high temperatures. The slag penetration into these materials was clearly associated not only with the sort of incorporated spinel (pre-formed or in situ), but mainly to the previous location of crystals of an additional phase, the calcium hexaluminate (CaO.Al2O3 - CA6) one. When present at the border of the aggregates, CA6 grains provide a suitable protection of the castable structure during the interaction with molten slag, suppressing further infiltrations. Additionally, materials with reduced apparent porosity and average pore size also presented high corrosion resistance. Based on this information, high performance refractories were obtained by a better raw materials selection procedure. The colloidal alumina addition, for instance, resulted in a microstructure with favorable physical aspects, whereas the presence of in situ spinel led to CA6 further generation at target locations. The attained results disclose novel opportunities to produce refractory castable with excellent corrosion resistance, which may reduce the failures rate during operation and increase the steel ladle productivity.
Áreas verdes ocupadas: realocação dos moradores ou urbanização? estudo de caso no município de Votorantim-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-07)
Savella, Elzo
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Pagani, Maria Inez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7524778123773562
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9112446766242372
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Mariano, Neusa de Fátima
Open spaces for public use, the green spaces include squares, public gardens, urban parks and areas with woody vegetation. In this work the object of study are the woody vegetation areas intended for environmental and recreational purposes. In the municipality of Votorantim/SP there are 133 spaces that fit in this concept, while 20 were occupied by people looking for housing space. As a result some questions arise. The first is about the appropriate use of these spaces. The second is how to solve the problem of precarious housing in these areas: residents should be relocated and the areas should be recovered, or the residents should remain in the urbanized area? Two experiments are models. In the first, the residents remained on the place which was urbanized. In the second, residents were relocated in the same neighborhood and the area was recovered. At the end of the study we consider that the main cause of the problem of the occupation of the green spaces are the lack of policies that would define the destinations of these spaces, and that in cases of occupation solutions should be analyzed respecting the communities territory. Thus the ideal solution, relocation of the families and recovering of the green space, is not always the one that best serves the community.
De escuro a escuro: terra, trabalho e memória nikkei no município de Lucélia-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-07)
Hasegawa, Aline Yuri
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Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5445719339415235
Esta investigación se dedica a analizar las consecuencias de la expansión de la agroindustria de caña de azúcar sobre la pequeña producción agricola en el municipio de Lucélia-SP. La perspectiva de la comunidade nikkei acerca de este proceso proporcionó las bases materiales - entrevistas, visitas, el compartir sus memorias y emociones - a partir de las cuales emprendemos análisis respecto a la relación con la tierra; a las formas de resistencia de un modo de vida rural; a la experiencia inmigratoria; y a las estrategias familiares. Elementos que informan la constitución de una subjetividad basada en elementos identitarios étnicos que, como apuntados por los sujetos de esta investigación, hacen frente a la recurrente amenaza de subsunción de sus especificidades al capital colonizador. La metodología elaborada para esta investigación tuvo como objetivo principal hacer un cruce entre los vários niveles de la análisis sociológica: desde las estrategias de los sujetos envolucrados en los procesos sociales, de que manera ellos articulan y elaboran sus memorias y proyectos a fin de hacer frente a la contingencia del cotidiano; hasta el análisis de las formas más amplias de la reproducción del capital por el territorio. Articulamos, de esa manera, la memoria a la tierra, síntesis que, profundamente informa en que base se asenta el modo de vida rural y proponemos la narrativa cartográfica como el resultado de ese cruce. Así, precisamente en la fusión de la cartografía y de la historia oral, condensamos lo que nombramos narrativa cartográfica. De cierta manera, confiamos que ellas facilitan y potencian la comprensión y visualización de la cuestión planteada en esta pesquisa. De ese modo, todo este texto, al hacerse en la frontera de diversas áreas, dialoga con diferentes corrientes de pensamiento y por eso, recurre a fuentes tan heterodoxas para hacerse posible. También enfrenté el desafío teórico-metodológico de trabajar con una comunidad de la cual soy parte, discusión que también fue enfrentada en este texto. Entrevistas, observación participante, fotografías, levantamiento cartográfico, documentos históricos y textos acadêmicos historiográficos fueron, principalmente, los elementos que alimentaron los análisis aqui emprendidos. Apresentamos, por fin, un texto permeado por la narrativa de la experiencia del establecimiento de auténticas relaciones de conocimiento con los interlocutores.
A flecha mata porque tem vida: um estudo etnográfico sobre os artefatos de caça dos Gavião Ikólóéhj
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-08)
Bento, Rodolpho Claret
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Vander Velden, Felipe Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7289231173735671
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3283988707462852
This work aims to elucidate the relationships the Gavião people of Rondônia engaged when manufacturing and using of hunting artefacts. From an ethnographic approach, I explore pertinent notions to comprehend the agency of warfare objects, hunters, dogs, and enunciations in hunting activity. I develop a parallel between the manufacturing of artefacts bodies and the constitution of artifactual anatomies of men, wishing problematize how encounters between bodies and materials (or substances) conforms the effectiveness of hunters and their hunting instruments. If into Gavião s discourse the arrow kills because has life , I propose to think what is that concept of vitality and the relationships produced about this assumption. It is a challenge outlined by a biographical study of the hunting artefacts, that is presented as an interlacement of vital forces in the interactions between humans, animals, spirits and objects.
Aplicando princípios de aprendizado de máquina na construção de um biocurador automático para o Gene Ontology (GO)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-08)
Amaral, Laurence Rodrigues do
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Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6978567037098928
Nowadays, the amount of biological data available by universities, hospitals and research centers has increased exponentially due the use of bioinformatics, with the development of methods and advanced computational tools, and high-throughput techniques. Due to this significant increase in the amount of available data, new strategies for capture, storage and analysis of data are necessary. In this scenario, a new research area is developing, called biocuration. The biocuration is becoming a fundamental part in the biological and biomedical research, and the main function is related with the structuration and organization of the biological information, making it readable and accessible to mens and computers. Seeking to support a fast and reliable understanding of new domains, different initiatives are being proposed, and the Gene Ontology (GO) is one of the main examples. The GO is one the main initiatives in bioinformatics, whose main goal is to standardize the representation of genes and their products, providing interconnections between species and databases. Thus, the main objective of this research is to propose a computational architecture that uses principles of never-ending learning to help biocurators in new GO classifications. Nowadays, this classification task is totally manual. The proposed architecture uses semi-supervised learning combining different classifiers used in the classification of new GO samples. In addition, this research also aims to build high-level knowledge in the form of simple IF-THEN rules and decision trees. The generated knowledge can be used by the GO biocurators in the search for important patterns present in the biological data, revealing concise and relevant information about the application domain.