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Processos de ensinar e de aprender: os instrutores militares e os cadetes da aeronáutica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-25) Kirsch, Deise Becker; Mizukami, Maria da Graça Nicoletti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0963011593452039
This study was part of a Doctoral Course research, of the Post Graduate Program in Education, by the Federal University of São Carlos, and was developed at the Brazilian Air Force Academy (AFA) in the city of Pirassununga / SP. The research aimed to map the specificities of the military instructors teaching and learning process, regarding to the theoretical and practical concepts about the teaching, and the teaching and learning process of cadets at the Air Force Academy. Therefore, the research subjects were three military airmen instructors,graduatedby AFA, who taught classes in the AFA´s Division of Education; were also subjects of this study 78 cadets of the Aviation Course who, in 2012, were in the last year of the mentioned Course. The theoretical referenceof the work was composed by Libâneo studies (1994), regarding to traditional and technicistpedagogical trends, the role of teacher and student and the characteristics of the educational process in these conceptions. Mizukami (1986, 2002, 2004, 2005-2006) contributes towards to traditional, constructivist and technicistteaching, and discuss about the initial and continuing education, as well as details the processes of teaching and learning. About the construction of teacher identity, the contribution comes with Veiga (2010, 2011), Gatti (2011), Pimentaand Anastasiou (2011). The authors, as well as Gil (2009) refer to higher education, about giving classes, about being a teacher. Still, Zabala (1998) addresses the interaction in the classroom as fundamental for the growth of the students, also bringing consistent arguments about the conception of constructivist education. The teachingactivity as a work, the teacher´s knowledge and the professional development have theoretical basement in Tardif (2002, 2009). Processes of teaching at university, coined by Anastasiou and Alves (2003), is developed in this study. Finally, Shulman (1986, 2004, 2005) collaborates with its work on the knowledge base for teaching, pedagogical reasoning and also considers the reflective processes on that path. However, about thethinking aboutteaching practice, the ideas of Schön (1995, 2000) and Pérez Gómez (1995) are discussed. The methodology used in this study was a descriptiveanalytic one, based on data collected from open non-structured interviews, open semistructured interviews and questionnaires applied to the subjects. From the data analysis it was possible to comprehend that the military instructors have a very consistent specific training in their area, Aviation,while they don´t have preparation for teaching in military higher education and learn to be a teacher in pedagogical practice in the classroom . The responses of cadets confirmed this situation, and also demonstrated that their conceptions about the teaching, learning, the importance of interaction in the classroom, the didactics, the best and the worst teacher, are very close to the concepts of the military instructors. Therefore, the processes of teaching and learning are constructions that occur throughout the school experience, at any of the levels that the subject is inserted. In short, it demands work, knowledge and commitment by the teacher; and activity, study, dedication and interest by the student.
Ministério Público de São Paulo: atuação frente à pessoa com deficiência na inclusão escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-25) Lago, Sandra Regina dos Santos; Denari, Fátima Elisabeth; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
Inclusive education is a disturbing and challenging issue for its difficulties and limitations. Throughout history, this subject has constituted controversial. However, in recent years that legal achievements are being achieved, leading to a new social positioning, especially in regards to education. However, the fact that there are standards supporting the right to education for all, including those with disabilities, it doesn't mean that such guarantee is being observed for real, which is why effective oversight is needed by society and institutions. One of the existing institutions that have empowered by the constitution to oversee and enforce legal requirements that protect the interests of society is the prosecutor, through establishment of administrative procedures. Thus, the present study aimed to search, identify and analyze the proceedings instituted in the prosecution in the state of São Paulo, involving the theme of rights to educational inclusion of people with disabilities in regular schools, in the period between 12/01/2009 to 12/01/2011, based on the previous work discussing the role this institution and defending the right to education . Having in mind the purpose of the research, we used a qualitative approach to document analysis some court procedures. The results point the prosecutor as an important ally in the legal achievements of people with disabilities related to educational inclusion and brought the discussion of the importance of public awareness of people with disabilities to advance their rights.
Impacto da bovinocultura leiteira de base familiar em área sob influência do corredor ecológico da Mantiqueira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-25) Santos, Gabriele Medeiros dos; Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1148337882251821
Contemporary society faces problems arising from impacts to the environment, causing damage to the countryside, agricultural production and family farming. This study aimed to know the relationship of man field with his work environment, evaluating management practices used by him to guarantee a living for his family and their financial stability. It were interviewed school-age young adults and milk producers of thirteen family farms located around the Mantiqueira Ecological Corridor under influence of Ibitipoca State Park. . The physical and socioeconomic characteristics of the study area was based on relief, vegetation, climate, use and land cover, the local economy, the relationship between the community and the Ibitipoca State Park, and communities profile. It was used a qualitative-quantitative methodology named Discourse of Collective Subject (DCS),, with tabulation and organization of interviews by means of the Qualiquantisoft® Software. Based on the PSR (Pressure-State- Response) model, indicators were proposed that generated pressure indexes on the producer s decision making (IP), for the application state of management practices (IE) and for the response of the environment to the producer s management (IR). The property sustainability index (ISP) was calculated from the arithmetic mean between IP, IE and IR, and indicated the evolutionary trend for these properties.The results indicate that the study area has a history of environmental, social and economic pressure. Despite the intense scrutiny and understanding of the need environmental conservation, a variety of environmentally inadequate management practices are used in order to supply family demands and maintainining the family income. Farmers and school-age young adults consider the environment an obstacle to production and stay in the field. We conclude that, despite the historical tradition of agriculture in the studied area, the way in which dairy cattle activity has been developed can compromise environmental integrity and therefore the life quality and the local population income.
Preparação, caracterização e testes de filmes bicamadas de polipirrol-poli(DMcT) sobre fibra de carbono para eletrodos de supercapacitores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-25) Aikawa, Yves; Biaggio, Sonia Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0418215244233120; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8347859421976562
The aim of this work was to synthesize and characterize bilayered films of polypirrole and poly(2,5- dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole) poly(DMcT) as possible materials for supercapacitor electrodes. Composites of carbon fiber (CF) and polypirrole (Ppy) were prepared at 0.8 V vs. SCE up to charges of 1, 2, 5 and 10 C in order to verify the experimental conditions to obtain films presenting the best morphological and electrochemical properties, as well as to optimize a methodology to obtain the composite CF/poly(DMcT)/Ppy. Morphological analyses indicated that Ppy is globular and grows homogeneously all over the CF surface, and electrochemical tests of the composites CF/Ppy led to the highest specific capacity for the thinnest (1 C) film. The presence of both polymeric films was confirmed by IR and Raman spectroscopies, and their distribution on the carbon fiber was checked by elemental analyses using Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS). Galvanostatic charge-discharge tests on a two-electrode cell having the same composite as cathode and anode (Type 1 supercapacitor) indicated a fair initial capacitance value of 200 F g-1 for the CF/Ppy (1 C) composite, but presenting low electrochemical stability (capacity loss of 72% after 1000 cycles). When narrower intervals for the cell voltage (0 to 0.5 V, 0 to 1 V and 0 to 2 V) were employed, both composites CF/Ppy and CF/poly(DMcT)/Ppy presented high electrochemical stability during 5000 cycles. Finally, spectroscopic studies indicated the reduced, polaronic and bipolaronic forms of Ppy, and possible interactions between the Ppy and poly(DMcT) molecules.