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Influência de variáveis de sinterização na microestrutura e propriedades mecânicas de peças de PTFE moldadas por prensagem isostática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-03) Strabelli, Patrícia Giunchetti; Canto, Leonardo Bresciani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7287108960864123; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1484520971056165
Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) is used in a wide range of critical applications because of its outstanding chemical and thermal resistance, low surface energy and special tribological properties. Because of its ultra high molecular weight, which leads to high melt viscosity, PTFE cannot be processed by traditional extrusion and injection methods. Cold pressing followed by sintering above its melt temperature is the main processing technique. The sintering time is defined according to the dimensions of the manufactured part and may last from a few hours to several days for large parts. Studies of the influence of sintering time and temperature on PTFE crystalline microstructure and mechanical properties are scarce in the scientific literature, being the main objective of this study. PTFE plaques were isostatically pressed and sintered at temperatures from 360XC and 390XC for times between 10 e 10:000min. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), measurements of mass loss and density, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), compression and tensile tests were performed. The results of mass loss demonstrated that degradation is more pronounced in the surfaces of the PTFE parts and increases with sintering time and temperature. Analysis of the enthalpies of fusion and density measurements indicated indirectly the reduction in the molecular weight and increase in the crystallinity degree with increasing sintering temperature and time. The SEM analysis allowed the direct observation of crystalline microstructure, indicating a trend of increasing of the width the crystalline lamellae with sintering time and temperature. Tension and compression tests have shown that even under a wide range of sintering conditions, for which the polymer molar mass, crystallinity degree and structure are modified, PTFE mechanical properties are not significantly affected. The results obtained will guarantee PTFE parts processors and users to rely on polymer performance, even for parts exposed to extreme sintering conditions, current found in the industry.
Mapeamento e análise do perfil científico-tecnológico de organizações atuantes no desenvolvimento de instrumentação aplicada ao agronegócio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-03) Bessi, Nayara Cristini; Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4926716777749536
In order to assist the institutions of science and technology to obtain actionable information for use in strategic processes and innovation, this research proposes a systematic, based on the practices of Competitive Intelligence to verify in an area of knowledge, which are organizations that can help in their research and development by mapping them and analyzing their scientific and technological profiles. The difference of this research is in this systematic emphasis on the recovery process of technological information. This process should be more rigorous, or even better investigated because, when not applied correctly can result in a skew analysis, compromising the information production. To develop a systematic methodology adopted was the case study, choosing Embrapa Instrumentation for the application. This institution was chosen because is a unit of EMBRAPA (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, which actively participates in innovative practices in agribusiness and intelligence. The systematic was developed in the area of instrumentation applied to agribusiness comprising four main processes: a) identification of needs and categorization of activities; b) planning; c) mapping the organization and retrieval of information; d) analysis of the scientific- technological profile and classification organizations. The results were: a) a systematic of mapping and analysis of scientific - technological profile; b) the main organizations with potential contribution in research and development activities of the institution of study; c) the scientific - technological profile of each organization; d) the positioning of these in the agro-industrial system e) the key organizations, specifically, that acted more broadly in the categories of research and development of institution of science and technology. It is evident from the results that the objective was achieved contributing to the bottleneck that exists in the literature about recovery of technological information and providing actionable information to the institution of science and technology to understand your context of operation. Universities Nanjing University, Zhejiang University, Beijing University of Technology and the Company Sinopec were identified as key to the institution of study organizations. The development and implementation of systematic contributed in so far as possible the replication of this research in other areas, at other times, to other institutions of science and technology, and foster studies of other authors in order to promote improvements in the systematic, particularly in the process of technological information retrieval.
Modelo do projetista e modelo do usuário no design de produtos: um estudo da atividade de lavar roupas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-03) Medeiros, Marcella Hellen Rezende de; Menegon, Nilton Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7296068570556260
In the product development process, user-related issues have achieved increasingly more relevance as they are progressively being perceived as strategies for innovation and competitiveness. In defining product specifications, designers strive to meet user needs. However, in real-use situations, a number of variability factors will result in gaps between what was anticipated by designers and actual user activity (DANIELLOU, 2002). This research was deployed during a laundry machine development process. The aim was to understand the existing gap between the designer model and the user model with regard to laundry activity, as well as user strategies to circumvent these gaps. Starting from the assumptions in Situated Ergonomics, we applied the activity analysis method. The results presented multi-determinants of the design process, such as: market needs; user knowledge; deadlines; financial resources; and project team member expertise. These determinants influenced the drafting of usage requirements, which, in real-use situations, reflected some gaps between designer and user models. Field research uncovered user strategies, such as: resorting to other information sources; creating new ways of use in line with user habits or interaction conditioned by their environment; and ignoring product functions they did not understand. This study's contributions relate to the importance of activity analysis in the design process and the role of the ergonomist in product design.
O papel da escola normal secundária de São Carlos na constituição de um poder local de elite (1911-1923)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-03) Jambersi, Belissa do Pinho; Riscal, Sandra Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3818427329401721
The research, based on the Sociology of Education, had, by goal, to understand the role played by the old Secondary Normal School of the city of São Carlos, in the constitution of a local leverage of intellectual elites characterized by a socially valued in the city lifestyle, during the period from 1911 to 1923. The research, through primary sources, rebuilt the relationships established between the school and the city, pointing out the symbolic elements of leverage / knowledge that determined the formation of the old Normal School, as a field of leverage propagated by cultural differences, disseminated within the daily relationships established in the city. As a category of analysis, was used the concepts of field, symbolic leverage, cultural capital, elite education and habitus from Education Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu, and also the concept of elite, according to authors like José Murilo de Carvalho.