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Sobre alguns traços idealistas na "interpretação espiritualista" de Max Weber: da fragmentação estética à crise ética moderna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-08)
Roselino, Luis Felipe Martins de Salles
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Maar, Wolfgang Leo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2801476327105905
The main subject of this investigation is concerned with the idealistic influences on Max Weber spiritualistic interpretation. The problem gained as heritage from German idealism, initially referred as an inverted world , since it can be understood as the difficulty that challenges the historic interpretation of practical values, this problem may be also identified inside Max Weber s interpretation of both, ethical and aesthetical phenomena. This investigation is twofold, as the subtitle indicates; the first part shall deal with the aesthetical fragmentation, the emergence of conflictive values in the artistic phenomena. The second part shall deal with the ethical crisis, undertaking this expression in the most literal sense, as a breakdown or a rupture of the ethical world. Both interpretations shall joint together, composing the Weberian diagnosis of an absolute polytheism and of the problem of theodicy. The Weberian theory of values once properly grasped shall finally guide us to draw a conclusion about the relation between spiritualistic and materialistic interpretations, as presented in the guidelines of Max Weber s greatest interests in the economic ethics of the world religions.
Lévi-Strauss e a tríade da estrutura: a linguagem, o simbólico e o inconsciente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-10)
Mendes, Tássia Nogueira Eid
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Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4996572578026059
This research had as a goal a better definition of the notion of unconscious in the work of Claude Lévi-Strauss. In the early texts, such as The Symbolic Efficacy (1949), this concept is introduced as a set of structural laws, named Symbolic function. Nevertheless, throughout the path of the levi-straussian work, this terminology fades bit-by-bit, making room for concepts like the symbolic thought. In its turn, this concept imprints the determination of symbolism, characteristic that defines mankind, and thus, the unconscious defines humanity itself. Placed between nature and culture, the unconscious therefore is paradoxically plural and universal, allowing the apprehension of an integrated reality. The pair unconscious/ conscious characterizes the different levels of the phenomenon that Lévi-Strauss analyses in his anthropology, granting two types of investigation: inductive and deductive. The proposal of an unconscious facet of the social phenomenon made possible the prescription of two discontinued methods. The exam of the empirical and transcendental realities is orchestrated in a way of establishing, at the same time, an irreducibly statement between nature and culture and a refusal to old-fashioned dualisms. In this work, throughout the developments of the notion unconscious in the work of Lévi-Strauss, we hope to demonstrate that this concept is symbolic, and that such an analysis implies the investigation of the passage between nature and culture. Therefore, we hope to set the implications of this notion to the definition of mankind in the work of Lévi- Strauss.
Estudo de superfícies inteligentes para desenvolvimento de nanobiossensores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-10)
Silva, Aline Cristine Nanuh da
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Leite, Fabio de Lima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5490031389817518
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4983942993972464
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Strixino, Francisco Trivinho
The use of herbicides has increased considerably in recent years and as a consequence, it has also been an increased exposure of ecosystems and human life to these highly toxic compounds. The study and development of metolodologies with greater sensitivity, which aims at the detection of these pesticides, are becoming extremely relevant. Thus, this study aimed to study the development of a nanobiosensor applying functionalized AFM tips and Atomic Force Spectroscopy (AFS) for detection of herbicides imazaquin and metsulfuronmethyl, ALS inhibitors. We studied the force and work of adhesion between AFM tips, unmodified and chemically modified by immobilization of ALS, and substrates contaminated with imazaquin and metsulfuron-methyl. In addition, the tips were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was possible to see differences between the tips functionalized and not functionalized, analyze the properties of each individual and develop a nanobiosensor for detection of herbicides.
Dimorfismo sexual da função quimiorreceptora a CO2/pH dos neurônios noradrenérgicos no Locus coeruleus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-10)
Dourado, Débora de Carvalho
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8613079723594091
The Locus coeruleus (LC) has been suggested as a CO2 chemoreceptor site in mammals. Most of the studies involving the role of LC in hypercapnic ventilatory response have been performed in males. Since, ovarian steroids modulate the activity of LC neurons and females have a different respiratory response to CO2 of males, we evaluated the activity of LC noradrenergic neurons during normocapnia and hypercapnia in diestrus, ovariectomized (OVX; 0,2 mL/rat of corn oil, s.c., for 3 days) and estradiol-treated ovariectomized (OVX+E2; 10 μg/0,2 mL/rat, s.c., for 3 days) female rats and in intact, orchidectomized (ORX; 0,2 mL/rat of corn oil, s.c., for 7 days), testosterone-treated orchidectomized (ORX+T; 0,25 mg/0,2 mL/rat, s.c., for 7 days) and estradiol-treated orchidectomized (ORX+E2; 10 μg/0,2 mL/rat, s.c., for 3 days) male rats by using double-label immunohistochemistry to c-Fos/TH. Additionally, we assessed the role of noradrenergic LC neurons in OVX and OVX+E2 females on respiratory response to hypercapnia by using 6-hydroxydopamine. Hypercapnia (7% CO2) increased the double-staining (c-Fos/TH-ir) in LC neurons in all groups when compared to air exposure. In the OVX+E2 group there was attenuation in the c-Fos expression in normocapnia and hypercapnia. Hypercapnia increased ventilation in OVX and OVX+E2 groups, which resulted from increases of respiratory frequency (fR) and tidal volume (VT) in sham and 6-OHDA-lesioned groups. The hypercapnic ventilatory response was significantly decreased in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats compared with sham group (29.4% in OVX group and 28.7% in OVX+E2 group) due to a reduced VT in OVX+E2 group and in OVX group due to a decrease in VT and fR. A reduction in TH+ neurons (~61% in OVX and OVX+E2 group) was observed seven days after the microinjections of 6-OHDA in the LC. LC chemical lesion and estradiol did not affect body temperature (Tb). However, hypercapnia caused reduction in Tb of sham (OVX 10 and OVX+E2) and lesioned groups. Thus, we can conclude that noradrenergic neurons in the LC of female and male rats are activated by CO2. However, in OVX+E2 group, estradiol reduced the immunoreactivity compared to OVX group during normocapnia and hypercapnia. Additionally, LC noradrenergic neurons play role in hypercapnic ventilatory response in females but do not affect temperature regulation during normocapnic and hypercapnic conditions.
Efeitos de uma intervenção precoce em pais gestantes acerca do desenvolvimento infantil e violência intrafamiliar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-10)
Gonzaga, Domitila Shizue Kawakami
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Brino, Rachel de Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4734176911057001
Primary prevention aims to identify, remove or reduce the incidence of risk factors that produce conditions of adversity. These conditions enable the link with Special Education required, since researches on strategies that can minimize or prevent the impact and occurrence of environmental events in the typical child development are essential to prevent possible deficiencies. This research was divided into two studies, Study 1 and Study 2, wich aimed to develop, implement and assess an intervention with pregnant parents about child development and prevention of domestic violence against children. Study 1 participants were a teenager couple, both 20 years old and pregnant. It was used the CAP - Inventory (Children Abuse Potential) and KIDI (Knowledge of Infant Development Inventory), a Qualitative Inventory regarding differents aspects of the intervention from the parents point of view, and a field notebook for various notes during the intervention. The intervention program consisted of two thematic blocks: 1) Child Development (CD); and 2) Parental Practices (PP). 6 2- hour meetings have been conducted with the couple at their home. The meetings began and ended with the administration of the inventories in order to assess the intervention through pre, post, and followup test scores. Therefore, the two blocks had the same structure, namely: 1) pretest administration, 2) CD theoretical explanation, 3) CD practical approach, 4) PP theoretical explanation; 5) PP practical approach; and 6) posttest administration. Three months after the posttest, the instruments were readministered - that was referred to as the follow-up score. It was used a laptop, overhead projector, some illustrative videos, some toys such as dolls and their apparatus. The overall KIDI scores showed no changes from pre to posttest for both Father and Mother. Regarding the results of the CAP, both performances were low-risk at the three assessments. The qualitative data from the questionnaire showed that the intervention was assessed with the highest score on all criterias. Regarding Study 2, 8 pregnant mothers were recruited from a public healthcare system in a suburb of the city where the research was conducted, separated into experimental group (EG) and control group (CG) participated. Three mothers of GE and GC reported experiencing some form of violence during childhood. Regarding KIDI, three mothers of GE showed an increase in overall score on the post-test and two at follow-up had their scores even higher. In CAP, two GE mothers had scores above the cutoff score on the post-test, while at follow-up; three mothers were above the cutoff. Mothers of GE evaluated the intervention as "good" to "very good" in all aspects and the note given to group was 10. Two GC mothers in KIDI presented at posttest an increase in overall score and in the follow-up two mothers had overall scores increased. In CAP, two participants scored above the cutoff score at post-test, however at follow-up, all mothers had scores above the cutoff. The performance of GE participants in the KIDI may indicate that the intervention helped in some acquisition of knowledge about child development. GC Mothers, in contrast, had all the scores of the CAP Abuse above the cutoff score at follow-up, which may indicate a very positive point for intervention, since it can be attributed to participation in the group that some GE mothers had their scores reduced below the cutoff. On quantitative data, is perceived that the EG performed better than the GC, and whereas the means of GE in the post-test and follow-up are better than the pre-test. About the correlations of the categories of instruments KIDI and CAP, there was a negative correlation between standards and Abuse, Sorrow and Loneliness. The demographic data, there was a negative correlation between education and Abuse, Sorrow and Loneliness and positive between education level and Ego and Norms.Because of that, it is reiterate the importance of approaching mothers with knowledge about child development and appropriate parenting practices. It is noticed that for both the teen couple and the group of mothers, the intervention was positive, especially with the qualitative data, and the speeches of the participants of the two studies showed that the intervention had relevance.
Pós-edição automática de textos traduzidos automaticamente de inglês para português do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-10)
Martins, Débora Beatriz de Jesus
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Caseli, Helena de Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6608582057810385
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5072255236230390
The project described in this document focusses on the post-editing of automatically translated texts. Machine Translation (MT) is the task of translating texts in natural language performed by a computer and it is part of the Natural Language Processing (NLP) research field, linked to the Artificial Intelligence (AI) area. Researches in MT using different approaches, such as linguistics and statistics, have advanced greatly since its beginning in the 1950 s. Nonetheless, the automatically translated texts, except when used to provide a basic understanding of a text, still need to go through post-editing to become well written in the target language. At present, the most common form of post-editing is that executed by human translators, whether they are professional translators or the users of the MT system themselves. Manual post-editing is more accurate but it is cost and time demanding and can be prohibitive when too many changes have to be made. As an attempt to advance in the state-of-the-art in MT research, mainly regarding Brazilian Portuguese, this research has as its goal verifying the effectiveness of using an Automated Post-Editing (APE) system in translations from English to Portuguese. By using a training corpus containing reference translations (good translations produced by humans) and translations produced by a phrase-based statistical MT system, machine learning techniques were applied for the APE creation. The resulting APE system is able to: (i) automatically identify MT errors and (ii) automatically correct MT errors by using previous error identification or not. The evaluation of the APE effectiveness was made through the usage of the automatic evaluation metrics BLEU and NIST, calculated for post-edited and not post-edited sentences. There was also manual verification of the sentences. Despite the limited results that were achieved due to the small size of our training corpus, we can conclude that the resulting APE improves MT quality from English to Portuguese.
Alternativas estruturais em paredes de concreto prémoldado de silos horizontais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-10)
Rasi, José Roberto
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Figueiredo Filho, Jasson Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0732866094426766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4500057408944101
This paper aims to present studies of various structural alternatives for precast concrete walls for horizontal silos considering the implementation of actions caused by the earth pressure of the stored products. The Horizontal pressure was determined by the GOMES (2000) model. Determining the displacements and the bending moment through the finite element method, manufacturing costs and presents the results of each panel type studied and compares the results obtained. Six types of panels with the same concrete volume: flat panel bi-supported, panel with exposed edges beans bi-supported, and panel TT bi-supported, flat panel bi-supported and supported by floor, panel with exposed edges beans bi-supported and supported by floor and panel TT bi-supported and supported by floor. These panels were considered initially as vertical slabs with horizontal load subjected to two conditions of support: simply supported on two pillars precast reinforced concrete and simply supported on two pillars precast reinforced concrete floor and the horizontal silo through embed hardware. The concrete columns and floors were admitted no displacement. The studies conducted in this work indicate that the panel bi-supported had the highest simply supported had the biggest displacement. The panel with exposed edges beans bi-supported and supported by floor was the alternative structure which had the lowest maximum displacement and the flat panel simply supported and supported by floor was the lower cost alternative manufacturing. The flat panel bi-supported presented excessive displacement in the higher loading.
O Cineclube Antônio das Mortes: trajetória, exibição e produção (1977-1987)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-11)
Campos, Marina da Costa
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Araújo, Luciana Sá Leitão Corrêa de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9890886509956837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8915084345479522
This research analyses the history of the Cineclube Antônio das Mortes, CAM, between 1977 and 1987. This organization was created in the city of Goiânia and its main activities were film screenings, discussions, study groups, film criticism and audiovisual production. Through the survey of documents, newspapers, photos, testimonials and films, it was possible to focus on three aspects of the historical process of this cine-club: The first one is its trajectory, including the study of its exhibitions, discussions after screenings, study groups and the characteristics the entity acquired during ten years of activities. The second aspect is the comprehension of CAM while a cine-club, and its relationship with the cine-club movement in Brazil. The third aspect is the film production and the film criticism by its members. This research has the main objective of identifying the various profiles that the cine-club acquired and how they had had strong influence over the relation with other cineclubs and the film criticism and the audiovisual production of the group.
O trabalho do agente comunitário de saúde: a voz dos gerentes de unidades de saúde da família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-12)
Menegussi, Juliana Morais
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Machado, Maria Lúcia Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5703683100332513
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8276084115249780
Family health program is founded on the strategy of reorienting the primary care model. This health care model marks the entry of an important professional in the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS), the Community Health Agent (Agente Comunitário de Saúde - ACS). The work of an ACS within a health unit team is very intense, given the tasks that are assigned to this professional. Therefore, there are inside the family health units professionals named managers, who have as one of his/her attributions the task of monitoring the activities performed by the ACS. Thus, since the managers are in daily touch with the community health agents, has emerged the motivation to understand the point of view of these professionals about the ACS. This study aims at understanding the point of view of managers (nurses, dentists, and doctors) about the work performed by the ACS within the family health units in the Regional Administration of Health (Administração Regional de Saúde - ARES) Cidade Aracy, located in the city of São Carlos SP. We adopted the qualitative analysis method, along with the application of semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis to form four categories: (i) comprehension of the work performed by community health agent; (ii) the ACS and his/her managers; (iii) the challenges of the management activities; and (iv) ACS: challenged of a professional category. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the managers point of view about the ACS, as well as it propose structural changes in order to allow to this professional exercising better their activities. This study also highlights the importance of the support and continuing education to the strengthening of the managers, so that this professional can better support the ACS work.
Estudo da cinética de oxidação em altas temperaturas da liga SV15 aplicada na fabricação de sedes de válvulas de escape de motores automotivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-14)
Alano, José Henrique
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Kuri, Sebastião Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6842072916153866
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0138403357197508
The SV15 alloy is applied in the production of the exhaust valve seats of automotive engines. The conditions of service in which the part is submitted require materials resistant to oxidation because of high temperature and aggressive atmosphere in which the material is exposed. The evaluation of high-temperature oxidation of the SV15 alloy is important therefore contributing in the selection or not of the material in other applications as severe as the automotive engine. The high-temperature oxidation in the alloy SV15 was studied by thermogravimetry in an atmosphere of O2 for a period of one hour at temperatures of 660°C, 740°C, 860°C and 900°C. The microstructure and chemical composition of the alloy were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the phases present in the alloy were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SEM technique was also used to assess the microstructure, morphology, thickness and chemical composition of the oxide layer. To determine the phases presented by the oxide layer were used the techniques of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), FT-Raman and XRD. The oxides formed at 660°C and 740°C follow the linear rate law, while the layers formed at 860°C and 900°C showed two stages of oxidation, an initial linear stage and a second parabolic stage. The first stage of oxidation showed an oxide formed mainly by NiCr2O4 while the second stage was composed of Cr2O3. The oxidation mechanism in the first stage of oxidation was controlled by the reaction rate of the oxygen with the metallic substrate, while the second stage of oxidation was controlled by reducing the diffusion of Ni+2 through the NiCr2O4 layer.
Análise numérica de uma ligação mista viga-pilar com chapa passante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-14)
Santos, Tiago José dos
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Nardin, Silvana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2301103903408062
Among all of the existing structural systems, the steel-concrete composite elements outstands because it takes advantage of the properties of both materials in the same element. Unlike the system in reinforced concrete cast in situ, the steel-concrete composite system is not monolithic, and therefore the global behavior of the structure is mainly linked to the behavior of the connections. Currently, the beam-column connections have been the subject of theoretical and experimental studies to better understand their structural behavior. This concern has become even bigger with the introduction of requirements on steel-concrete composite connections in the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 8800:2008. In order to contribute to this subject, in this work is studied by numerical modeling, a detail of a composite beam-column connection with shear plate using numerical models. The numerical analysis performed in the computer package ANSYS® was divided in two phases: validation of the numerical model from experimental results and subsequent parametric analysis. Despite of the simplifications adopted in the numerical simulation, the results were satisfactory and representative of the experimental behavior, especially for Force vs. Displacement at the end of the beam. Once validated the numerical model, a parametric study was conducted in order to evaluate the influence of some parameters on the bearing capacity of connections, such as the concrete slab reinforcement ratio, the slab thickness and the steel beam depth. The results of the parametric analysis showed that the variation of the slab thickness was the parameter with more influence on the bearing capacity of the composite connection with shear plate.
Aplicação de técnicas compensatórias na drenagem urbana, sob a ótica dos usuários do espaço: estudo de caso em São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-15)
Almeida, Maria de Fátima
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5370932529968411
Brazil, in the past decades, has experienced an accelerated urban growth. IBGE s (Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics) census data from 2010 showed that about 84% of Brazilian population lives in urban spaces. Tied to this growth, the classical system of urban drainage has proven itself to be insufficient and ineffective when it comes to flood control, water quality, the population´s quality of life and environmental sustainability. One alternative for this issue is the application of the low-impact development (LID) concept in the urban planning process through the Integrated Management Practices (IMPs), with the use of compensatory techniques in the management of urban pluvial water, seeking to compensate the alterations in the natural hydrological cycle caused by urbanization. Considering this context, this research has analyzed, under the perspective of public and private spaces users, the application of compensatory techniques (TCs) on urban drainage, considering legal, environmental, landscape, project, constructive, usage and space maintenance aspects. The research consisted of an application of a questionnaire to those users, according to the sample design of a case study, composed by two object areas, located in São Carlos (São Paulo State, Brazil), that use compensatory techniques on drainage. The Study Area I UFSCar, consists of a university campus, with the sample of 90 students, 19 employees and 40 professors; Study Area II, Montreal condominium, a residential space with the sample of 50 residents. The development of the questionnaires was based seeking to answer doubts and questions that arose during the process of implementation of compensatory techniques on UFSCar campus Study Area I, together with issues debated on Research Group G-Hidro. Results showed good acceptance of the existent legislation and, consequently, of the techniques, indicating that the lack of information is the main obstacle to their appliance. It is expected that the obtained results contribute to subsidize actions of straightening and enlargement of sustainable practices on urban drainage.
Plínio Corrêa de Oliveira: pensamento católico e ação política na era Vargas (1930-1945)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-15)
Alencar Júnior, Moacir Pereira
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Cepêda, Vera Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2535496075808323
The 1930s represented a new phase in the history of Brazil. The Revolution of 1930 ended the First Republic, which lasted for exactly 41 years (1889- 1930). Deserves to be emphasized the international environment of the period, where a severe economic crisis shakes the U.S. and European countries, raising questions about the functionality of democratic institutions, increasing emergence of strong states, guided by a more interventionist stance, whether in the social structure as in economics. Within this perspective, in Brazil, the new ruling elites linked to Getúlio Vargas, govern the country in the midst of a lot of events. In Brazil, we have witnessed an era of true boiling doctrinal ideologies and actions moving the national intelligentsia. The country witnessing the rise of various movements: political, Catholics, social, etc. At this time the rise of PCB (Brazilian Communist Party), the rise of AIB (Brazilian Integralist Action), as well as the consolidation of LEC (Catholic Electoral League) occurs. The Catholic movement, represented by different intellectual figures, maintains an eminently conservative and traditionalist wing, which will see its skyline early signs and protests to come to originate in the country - with more force, from the second half of the 1940s - the progressive and modernist Catholicism, inspired by the integral humanism. One of the major intellectual figures of the period representing the state of São Paulo is Plínio Corrêa de Oliveira. Lawyer and devout Catholic, and son of a family of royalist and ultramontane training, he represents through his thought and political action the Catholic conservative strand. Thus, the goal of this dissertation is to analyze the trajectory of Plínio Corrêa de Oliveira in this context. Thought and action, as a Catholic leader and political leader in the Catholic Electoral League and later as Deputy Constituency, as well as your performance in the journal 'O Legionário' and also as President of the Archdiocesan Board of Catholic Action of the State of São Paulo. To carry out this work will be analyzed his articles published in newspapers, in addition to his books, speeches and interviews.
Sites governamentais e mecanismos de informação, transparência e participação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-15)
Silva, Joscimar Souza
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Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6828567723216663
This paper analysis the reflections about information, transparency and political participation in digital spaces by political institutions. The analysis is focusing in the egovernmental sites in the subnational states, adding empirical data to a theoretical discussion on the relations of state and government on the internet, thinking of the institutions of the Brazilian states units and the prominent actors in this board debate about the relationship between the internet and politics. The theoretical discussion is fundamental in structuring this analysis. We attempted to use empirical data for the purpose of finding the quantitative and qualitative use of the internet by subnational governments in Brazil and to test some real applications worldwide network of computers for management of the state and the expansion of democratic spaces institutionalized. We take as considerations that internet use by state and subnational governments is still an open issue for further reflection and that is practical application at the same time can contribute to the change of an entire state structure and expand democratic spaces still suffers from problems of institutional junctures, with the role of political actors and external issues, such as the democratization of technological and the political culture.
Uma atividade didática envolvendo área e volume do cilindro e de prismas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-15)
Bernardini, Geferson
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Paterlini, Roberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240750958932738
This paper presents a didactic proposal for Spatial Geometry classes in High School. We were taken to create this proposal from our experience as a teacher, when we observed that the study of this content requires experimentation and contextualization activities. The study of the Spatial Geometry is of great importance in High School. It contributes to the development of the capacity of abstraction, solving practical problems of everyday life and helps to acquire skills to estimate and compare results, recognize properties of geometric shapes, calculate areas, volume and working with different units of measure. Our work uses as motivation the problem of constructing a silo for grain storage, for this it is necessary to compare the volumes of the prisms with triangular, square and hexagonal base and of the cylinder without the cover, height and total area of the fixed surface to choose the format representing the highest volume. Our work is not intended to define or obtain formulas to calculate areas and volumes. The main focus of this work is to develop the ability to manipulate these formulas and other knowledge, such as solving quadratic equation, using the Pythagorean theorem, and correctly use the calculator to solve a practical problem. This activity has been applied to three classes of Second Grade High School students in a State School of São Paulo in Agudos town. For this purpose two classes of 100 minutes were used. The pupils enjoyed the activity that was carried out in groups of three and the lesson was without complications. This is a didactic sequence that does not require many resources and may be useful for teachers who want to work the theme in context. Our proposal adopts suggestions from the National Curricular Parameters (NCP) and we believe that can be used by fellow teachers, to which our product is available.
O uso da rede social de aprendizagem Edmodo como auxílio no processo de ensino-aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-16)
Trova, Nilson Francischini
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Arantes, Alessandra Riposati
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6742903299047989
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5648453482403323
The use of computers and the Internet has become necessary in all sectors of society, including the education sector. The Internet has changed our ways of teaching and learning, accessing information and communicating. In this context, we wanted to investigate the use of these resources as tools to assist the teacher in the teachinglearning process. We assess the pedagogical potential of the Social Learning Network Edmodo, which has layout and functionality similar to Facebook and virtual learning environments. Within Edmodo we worked mainly with messaging and Learning Objects related to Dynamics, in the Physics course of high school students. We investigated the potential use of learning objects through forums where students discussed problem situations involving these resources. We observed that the use of the Social Learning Network Edmodo helped the teaching-learning process, motivating students and allowing them to develop critical thinking, acquire new skills and deepen already learned concepts. Besides the research with the students, we also present our impressions regarding the feasibility of using this tool from the point of view of other teachers, who participated in short courses on Edmodo.
Produção de audiovisuais no processo de ensino-aprendizagem: uma proposta avaliativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-16)
Rezende, Eduardo Vieira de
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Arantes, Alessandra Riposati
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6742903299047989
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4367575187761889
This work aims the development an evaluative proposal pointing criteria that may be used by teachers in the production of an audiovisual physics program that approach key contents for the understanding of various natural phenomena processes. The audiovisual production efficiency by high school students was already proved in the literature, however, in most of the times, teachers without a starting point aren't able to evalute because both how to and evaluating criteria aren't well defined. In methodological terms, students were encouraged to develop an entire script recording from theme to completion and the film editing as well. At this point, the teacher uses an interdisciplinary work with writing teachers, regarding to the linguistic aspects of the script. Concept, specific physics, and language, referring to structural issues of language: criteria linked to the review of the script, which was divided into two great moments were presented. We have observed that the students' audiovisual production is a way to motivate the research, the work group and the immersion in a meaningful school environment. The results obtained in this study has allowed the development of criteria that will be used to evaluate the efficiency of an audiovisual production by high school students. We conclude that the criteria used to assess these audiovisual projects were satisfactory, ranging from the development of scripts to the final production post on youtube. In this work, the assistent teacher can lead students to implement instructions in their classrooms. Furthermore, we've also developed an evaluative proposal which points different criteria that could be used to assess these audiovisual produced. It's important to say that each criterion was evaluated under teacher's responsability. Finally, the results of this dissertation has pointed to ways to evaluate audiovisual projects and incorporate more criteria to them.
Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana da N,N,Ntrimetilquitosana e da quitosana comercial sobre o crescimento de bactérias gram-positivas e gram-negativas e de fungos filamentosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-16)
Silva, Leandro Prezotto da
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Seleghim, Mirna Helena Regali
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998337634888263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8461731975214767
Many efforts have been dedicated in the searching of natural compounds which are suitable to be applied in food conservation. Among them, the chitosan has presented promising results concerning the antimicrobial activity, structural preservation and delay of fruits senescence. However, the chitosan, as found commercially, is soluble only in acidic medium solutions what is considered a hindrance for fully applications as food conservative. In this sense, chitosan derivations which are able to be solubilized in neutral pH have been developed. The N,N,N Trimethylchitosan (TMC) is one of them, characterized as a hydrosoluble derivative of chitosan, which has been considered as an efficient antimicrobial agent with positive action as fresh food conservative. The aim of the present was the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the TMC against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and filament fungi. The TMC antimicrobial activity was assessed by comparing with the Commercial Chitosan (CC), by means of the determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) according to M7-A6 (NCCLS, 2003) and M38-A (NCCLS, 2002) standards, both recognized by the Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Additionally, the TMC and CC antifungal activity was carried out by recoding the visual fungi growth and estimated from the percentage of infected samples by the fungy on cut faces of grape-tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum variety cerasiforme), in coated and non-coated conditions, along seven days of incubation. The results concerning antibacterial activity points to a greater action of the TMC when comparing to some analysis performed on CC coating against four of the six strains analyzed: Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. Nevetheless the CC antifungal activity was considerable superior to that observed to TMC for three different fungi tested: Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus standard and Aspergillus flavus wild. However, both polymers showed high antibacterial and antifungal activity and are therefore considered as natural agents with relevant antimicrobial potential for the fresh food conservation.
Graftização de anidrido maleico em polipropileno, por extrusão reativa, na presença de nanopartículas: estudo de reação e monitoramento in-line
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-17)
Muñoz, Pablo Andrés Riveros
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Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1950683419725387
The grafting reaction of maleic anhydride onto polypropylene by reactive extrusion, in presence of nanoclay, was studied. The organoclay (Cloisite 20A) was used as support for dicumyl peroxide (DCP), and different amounts of clay were used. The increment in the clay amount leads to reduction in the reaction rates, because it hinders the peroxide release, once organoclay absorbs partially the peroxide. Changes in the reaction mechanisms, in presence and absence of clay, were performed in a Haake internal mixing chamber, between 1 and 7 min of reaction. The results showed changes in the number, and length of maleic anhydride grafting, and in the molar mass. The reactive extrusion of polypropylene with maleic anhydride was studied based in central composite experimental design, using as factors the maleic anhydride and dicumyl peroxide concentrations. The experimental design was analyzed by ANOVA and shows that the increment in clay, used as peroxide support, leads to decrease in the grafting reaction of short succinic groups, by the introduction of long succinic groups, because its concentration increases the maleic anhydride homopolymerization. In the same way the increase in maleic anhydride concentration leads to decrease in the PP grafting level, because the maleic anhydride homopolimerization is increased, decreasing the reaction between polymer and monomer. The in-line monitoring of the reactive extrusion showed a good correlation between the light absorption measured and the formation of secondary reaction products, lately identified off-line as poli(maleic anhydride).
Encontros e desencontros nos assentamentos de reforma agrária: estudo sociológico sobre gerações e identidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-04-19)
Arbarotti, Alexsandro Elias
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0078278400218160
After some decades since the establishment of the first settlements the question on its continuity as a public policy arises. Thereby, the research sought to investigate how the generational encounters and disagreements in the settlements of agrarian reform took place. Elements that enabled to understand the historic process experienced by these subjects were sought considering their trajectories and experiences. For this purpose the privileged methodological instrument used was oral history through interviews, material that is enriched with secondary data and bibliography. The field research occurred at "Reunidas gathered" in the municipality of Promissão, SP, and enabled to realize that the subjects' motivation to permanence primarily involved the identification with the locality as a place of sossego and tranquility. However, this identity cannot be thought as something fixed, but in transit and constantly reformulated in relation to the place that is, was and tries to be, i.e., a fanciful, plural, contradictory and temporary identity. In consequence of this reformulation, strategies of permanence indicate new forms of work and income that does not necessarily involve agriculture. And finally, this historic moment of transition and generational coexistence revealed significant changes and ressignifications with regard to projects of life and a vision of land and labor when compared to second generation was the first.