Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2014-05-20"

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O uso de ferramentas de simulação humana para a avaliação de cargas físicas de trabalho: uma análise comparativa entre a aplicação em ambiente real na indústria aeronáutica e ambiente digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-20)
Diniz, Ana Carolina Parise
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Menegon, Nilton Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6644568068217636
This research introduces the use of digital human modeling packages Tecnomatic members (Simens) - Jack software - and Dassout System - Delmia software. This choice is justified by the representation of these packages in terms of industrial applications as well as by the availability of such PSPLab / DEP / UFSCar. The overall study aims: to assess the variability in responses between the results of both software and application of RULA, NIOSH and Snook and Ciriello tools in real environment. And as a specific goal: to characterize the application of these tools in both softwares and compare the performance of different softwares. While search procedures were selected common three softwares analysis tools (RULA, NIOSH and Snook and Ciriello) and applied the same work situations. As base of applications and modeling in software performed the procedures prescribed for application of the tools were made by the researcher. Thus, the same situation was analyzed in three contexts: application of the tool by the researcher in a real environment (P), in Delmia (D) and in Jack (J). The activities were selected according to what each tool aims to analyze. It was observed that the results of the RULA and Snook and Ciriello real environment and digital applications have been coming, since the results of the NIOSH applications in both environments were discrepant . It is concluded that the RULA and Snook and Ciriello tools can be applied in human simulations in softwares Delmia and Jack to assist ergonomic analysis of actual and future activities. Further studies are needed to validate the application of the NIOSH software.
Complexos mono- e bimetálicos de cobre(II) e de cobalto(III) com bases de Schiff tridentadas e tetradentadas: sínteses, caracterizações e estudos em reações catalíticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-20)
Bucalon, Daniel Haguihara
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Dockal, Edward Ralph
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461328124491559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2552019007817230
This dissertation details the synthesis with satisfactory reaction yields (between 56.3 and 96.5%) of mono- and bimetallic complexes of copper(II) and of cobalt(III), containing as ligands, tridentate and tetradentate Schiff bases. The compounds were characterized, for different techniques, such as melting point, elemental analysis, solubility in various solvents, conductometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and spectroscopy in region of the IR and in the UVvis. The results of melting point indicate that the compounds have high purity and the elemental analysis showed consistent values. The solubility tests indicate different capabilities of intermolecular interactions and labilization distinct between the compounds. The obtained molar conductivities in electrolyte solution indicate proportions expected by the proposed structures. The obtained data by 1H and 13C NMR in compounds with cobalt(III) showed concordance with the proposed structures in solution. The spectra of the compounds in the IV region show proper bands, referring to the stretch of C=N bond, in the range of 1600-1650 cm-1, stretches relating to the bonds of the metal ion with the oxygen of the phenolate group, with chlorides and with the nitrogen atoms of the imine, amine groups, the imidazole and imidazolate were evidenced, besides to help differentiation of monometallic and bimetallic compounds. In the UV-vis region measured spectra were verified the presence of bands that should correspond to the electronic transitions of π → π* type which involve the molecular orbitals imine group (C=N), of bands d-d transitions due to the metal ion present also, but related transitions to the n→π* type were not verified. The compounds were tested as a catalyst in the oxidation of 3,5-DTBC and in studies of catalytic oxidation using O2 at 25°C were obtained values of enzyme kinetics parameters and these values are comparable with the literature, kcat = 1.28 x 10-1 s-1 εcat = 6.79 x 102 L mol-1 s-1 for CuCu3EtOtetraB (best of the series), there is evidence that the mechanism is different for each used complex.
Formação técnica de nível médio em química do Centro Paula Souza e sua relação com o perfil industrial da região administrativa de Barretos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-20)
Carvalho, Ronaldo Pedrosa de
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D'Alkaine, Carlos Ventura
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8699821828310072
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475262000653274
In this work it was looked to establish a relation of as the curricular components of the current course technician in Chemistry of the Center Paula Souza can prepare level professionals technician for the agro-industries of the administrative region of Barretos. First one traced the industrial profile of the State of São Paulo and the industrial profile of the administrative region of Barretos, using itself given on employability and added value of some industrial subsectors. After that a survey on the industrial and laboratory processes of agro-industries of citric, bovine meat and sugar and ethanol was made, becoming related after that, of that it forms these processes if they relate with the curricular components of the current course technician in chemistry. From interviews in four different agro-industries of the region in study, if it evidenced the economic importance of the analysis laboratories, where if it believed that the technician in formation would be being prepared. But it was observed that the formed technician could work in any industrial sector, evidencing that its final formation if gave inside of the proper industry. It was verified that the curricular components take care of the demand for qualified professionals, since few industrial processes were not inserted in the curricular grating of the course. It was concluded that it is not necessary to change the plan of course and yes, to adapt it, guided for the industrial profile of the region. Work this that can be made by the proper professors of the course technician, guided for specialists in professional education of average level and studies of the recent changes in the industrial processes.
Leitura compartilhada e promoção do letramento emergente de pré-escolares com deficiência intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-21)
Conti, Lilian Maria Carminato
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Rose, Tânia Maria Santana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4306989351358925
Among the challenges of educational inclusion, it stands out to ensure children with intellectual disabilities effective conditions for the development of their learning to read potential. To provide opportunities since early childhood education, in order to make students have active contact with reading and writing, shows itself as a favoring factor of Emergent Literacy development, that is, the knowledge and abilities related to reading and writing increase the chances of the child to succeed on learning to decode and understanding texts. This study had as main objective to build, implement and to analyze an Emergent Literacy promotion program for preschool students with intellectual disabilities guided by a teaching approach characterized as shared reading. The study had as specific objectives: to obtain a characterization of students Emergent Literacy abilities, in order to support the planning of the interventions; to describe the activities and adaptations of the material used by teachers and students in shared reading situations, considering the sessions held; to describe students engagement in shared reading activities; to analyze the main activities developed by the researcher in shared reading context, focusing the development of the different components of Emergent Literacy, as much as the adaptations in face of the different characteristics of the students. The participants were two students with Down syndrome, aged 3 to 5 years old, that attended a municipal center of early childhood education. This is a descriptive and exploratory study, because it searches a better comprehension of a so far little studied phenomenon. The program was applied individually, and was conducted by the researcher responsible for the study. The shared reading sessions were filmed, in order to obtain the descriptions related to activities and adaptations made by the teacher, as well as descriptions of students engagement on the activities. Shared reading sessions were made, which proposed activities that could promote familiarity with Emergent Literacy components. The program results point that the participants had systematic opportunities to explore books, choose them independently, of observing and listening to the researcher read a wide range of stories, and of participating in activities that required the presentation of behaviors associated to different components of Emerging Literacy. The results referred to the engagement on the activities point that through the sessions occurred an increase of the interest by books and readings, of the participation during readings, of the comprehension of the stories, on the proper handle of the books, and on the use of concepts about reading and its functions. The participants had opportunities to be involved in make believe readings and recognizing this concept. It is discussed the possibilities of continuing the study in view of the importance of demonstrating possibilities that come of efficient approaches for the promotion of Emergent Literacy among students with intellectual disabilities, in order to guide teachers work on early childhood education context.
Ênfase em políticas sociais como indício de ideologia partidária: uma análise dos programas de governo de PT e PSDB nas eleições de 2002 e 2006
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-21)
Vizoná, Amanda
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Ribeiro, Pedro José Floriano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0395142824245016
In a context wich parties new dynamics, goals and articulations are object of analysis, this paper means to analyse the transformation in one of the most fundamental element of the political parties: it's ideological preferencies. Through the operationalization of a new variable called "emphasis on social politics", which uses the concepts of "left and right", this paper measures the ideologial preferencies by analysing the PT's and PSDB's 2002 and 2006 manifestoes. The main objective of this paper ir to test the operationalization of the method of analyse in the brazilian context through the hypothesis that the social politics were the main object in those two elections. Assuming that social politics were the main demands of the public in general, this theme may be also the main element that defines if a party is in the left side of the political spectre or in the right side of it.
Gradiente ambiental e peixes de riachos de cabeceira da Mata Atlântica (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-22)
Mello, Bruno José Gomes
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Cetra, Maurício
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775493342513120
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7167845864902922
The growing interest in studies of functional diversity allows to address the relationship between the functional characteristics of species with variations in the environment attempt to understand the organization of biological communities. We examined the relationship between physical and structural characteristics of 19 stretches of headwater streams in the Atlantic Forest and morphological characteristics related to swimming ability of fish species. The environment was described by altitude, distance from species pool, substrate composition and depth of the channel. The functional characteristics were described by 11 morphological measurements. The RLQ analysis was used and the first two axes explained 97.8% of the total variation. The first axis was interpreted as the action of the altitudinal/longitudinal gradient in the structuring of assemblies of fish which varied with morphological measurements of length of caudal fin and caudal peduncle. We can say that there are two distinct assemblies positioned at the extremes of the environmental gradient separated by capacity of swimming of the species. Within these groups we can say that on a local scale the physical structure of the channel generates subgroups related to the use of the niche, suggesting the action of environmental filters. Thus, we present evidence that environmental attributes of headwaters of the Atlantic Forest are related to the structure of the assemblies of fishes that inhabit these environments.
Estudo de uma técnica para o tratamento de dead-times em operações de rastreamento de objetos por servovisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-22)
Saqui, Diego
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Kato, Edilson Reis Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8517698122676145
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4408364907687419
Visual servoing is a technique that uses computer vision to acquire visual information (by camera) and a control system with closed loop circuit to control robots. One typical application of visual servoing is tracking objects on conveyors in industrial environments. Visual servoing has the advantage of obtaining a large amount of information from the environment and greater flexibility in operations than other types of sensors. A disadvantage are the delays, known as dead-times or time-delays that can occur during the treatment of visual information in computer vision tasks or other tasks of the control system that need large processing capacity. The dead-times in visual servoing applied in industrial operations such as in the tracking of objects on conveyors are critical and can negatively affect production capacity in manufacturing environments. Some methodogies can be found in the literature for this problem and some of these methodologies are often based on the Kalman filter. In this work a technique was selected based on the formulation of the Kalman filter that already had a study on the prediction of future pose of objects with linear motion. This methodology has been studied in detail, tested and analyzed through simulations for other motions and some applications. Three types of experiments were generated: one for different types of motions and two others applied in different types of signals in the velocity control systems. The results from the motion of the object shown that the technique is able to estimate the future pose of objects with linear motion and smooth curves, but it is inefficient for drastic changes in motion. With respect to the signal to be filtered in the velocity control, the methodogy has been shown applicable (with motions conditions) only in the estimation of pose of the object after the occurrence of dead-times caused by computer vision and this information is subsequently used to calculate the future error of the object related to the robotic manipulator used to calculate the velocity of the robot. The trying to apply the methodogy directly on the error used to calculate the velocity to be applied to the robot did not produce good results. With the results the methodogy can be applied for object tracking with linear motion and smooth curves as in the case of objects transported by conveyors in industrial environments.
Uma arquitetura para promover o uso de dispositivos com limitações computacionais na interação com mídias sintetizadas remotamente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-22)
Godoy, Arthur Pedro de
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Teixeira, Cesar Augusto Camillo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1123376648713853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6170705791509069
Computer graphics and virtual reality technologies allow audiovisual experiences with high level of realism, as the ones achieved in video games and movies. The synthetization of media with high degree of audiovisual realism demands specialized systems with high performance computing capacity. The profusion in the last decade of personal computing consumer electronics such as mobile and portable devices, encourages the interest in making possible, also in these devices, applications with high level of visual realism. However, due to the intrinsic limitations of the computing capability of mobile and portable devices, regarding to the physical characteristics of these devices, such as dimensions, electrical consume and heat dissipation, it s not possible directly process media with the same level of visual realism that is found in specialized systems. This research suggests the exploration of a traditional solution: the remote interaction with these applications. Challenges resulting from this approach are identified and studied. Solutions are proposed, analyzed and formalized in a architecture for reference. As a proof of concept the architecture is used in the development of applications on two scenarios: one in a local network with a media characterized by its low tolerance in delay of interaction response and another with a high tolerance media through the Internet. Also is showed the flexibility of the proposed architecture by integrating one of the applications developed with a multimedia context.
Acessibilidade em edifícios públicos de cultura em uma cidade de médio porte do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-22)
Gomes, Luciene
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Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5418413784503467
Since diversity is a characteristic of human beings, a crucial feature of any environment, space or object intended for use by anyone is accessibility. The city has to accommodate these differences and be adapted architectonically to enable the integration of all its dwellers. The idea driving this project is the belief that architectural planning is a potential ally in furthering the social inclusion of people with a disability or reduced mobility. This study thus deals with issues related to their access to cultural facilities, particularly by raising questions concerning the specific legislation and technical standards created to help people with disabilities. Specifically, the aim was to analyze accessibility in seven municipal cultural institutions in São Carlos city in upstate São Paulo, two of which are in outlying municipal districts. Public cultural buildings were chosen for study in the belief that a person with disability should have the same opportunities to participate in cultural life as any other person, thus becoming integrated into society. Cultural spaces should be duly adapted and accessible to the various forms of perception, locomotion and communication characteristic of an inclusive society. All cultural buildings in the chosen area were visited and, using a checklist stipulated by the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (NBR 9050, 2004), the public spaces were classed as adequate or inadequate with respect to their accessibility to people with a disability (either visual or physical).The data collected was subjected to quantitative analysis by scoring the commonest accessibility resources, according to their adequacy, as well as the resources not installed. The results show that in all the items analysed, both in the internal and external spaces of the buildings under study, there is a need for adaptations, installations or the building of equipment that allows the physically or visually disabled to interact with the environment in the cultural spaces they choose. By indicating the state of the art in the chosen city, this study contributed to the body of knowledge in the area of accessibility.
Abordagens não-locais para filtragem de ruído Poisson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-23)
Bindilatti, André de Andrade
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Mascarenhas, Nelson Delfino d'Ávila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0557976975338451
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9514883575909296
A common problem to applications such as positron emission tomography, low-exposure X-ray imaging, fluorescence microscopy, optical and infrared astronomy, and others, is the degradation of the original signal by Poisson Noise. This problem arises in applications in which the image acquisition process is based on counting photons reaching a detector surface during a given exposure time. Recently, a new algorithm for image denoising, called Nonlocal-Means (NLM), was proposed. The NLM algorithm consists of a nonlocal approach that explores the inherent image redundancy for denoising, that is, it explores the principle in which, in natural images, there are similar regions, yet locally disjoint. NLM was originally proposed for additive noise reduction. The goal of this work is to extend the NLM algorithm for Poisson noise filtering. To achieve this goal, symmetric divergences, also known as stochastic distances, have been applied as similarity metrics to the NLM algorithm. Stochastic distances assume a parametric model for the data distribution. Therefore they can accommodate different stochastic noise models. However, knowledge of the model parameters is necessary to calculate the stochastic distances. In this research, estimation and non-local filtering schemes were considered under Poisson noise hypothesis, leading to competitive results with the state of- the-art.
Operadores efetivos para guia de ondas com condição de Robin no plano e espaço
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-23)
Rossini, Alex Ferreira
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Oliveira, César Rogério de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5485204156806697
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3442840719931515
First we briefly discuss the spectral properties of the Robin Laplacian in a straight and infinitely long planar strip with Robin coupling parameter changing signs. Assuming that such parameter is a constant outside a compact set, we find the essential spectrum, and also derive a sufficient condition that guarantees the existence of bound states. Next, we have studied the Laplacian in some thin curved domains in the plane and space, with a particular type of Robin boundary conditions and cross-sections; such conditions are nonhomogeneous, in the sense that the Robin coupling parameter depends on the curvature of the reference curve. We derive, when the diameter of the cross sections tends to zero, effective operators by means of a kind of convergence of the resolvents. With such modeling framework, the main novelties are that the curvature contributes with a repulsive potential whereas the torsion (in the spatial case) plays no role to effective operators.
O teorema de Pitágoras no oitavo ano do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-23)
Stegani, Ozilde Peter
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Costa, Ivo Machado da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1111331485581633
In this paper we reflect on a group of eight lessons applied in the eighth year of elementary school. In these classes, we treat the Pythagorean Theorem, seeking to justify this outcome appropriate to the student s eighth grade elementary school mode. We were interested in seeking justifications with historical content, to rescue, to the extent possible, a part of the history of the Pythagorean Theorem. We take care to seek a mathematical justification for each procedure adopted to develop pedagogical activities. Throughout the text brushing been several suggestions for improving the finished product, though it kept almost entirely in Appendix 1. Also critical to our work interweave throughout the text, seeking both personal growth as offering the opportunity for a better match of the final product to whom this is of interest. At the end we suggest some current applications of the Pythagorean Theorem. Finished the job in the classroom involving the class with the game of dominoes, adapted to the content studied, trying to leave a better final impression on the students. We describe the construction of pedagogical object, the math worked during such construction and finally its application in the classroom. We make four appendices. In the first present the final product. In the second we seek to exemplify the student s work. In the third and fourth work building Pythagorean triangles.
Sistema pré-fabricado para aplicação em construções provisórias de canteiros de obras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-23)
Knöner, Nery
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Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4621011034954844
The use of prefabricated elements has become increasing in Brazil, This paper describes the study and the procedures for construction and erection of a building system works on a pavement. Within the concept of technological innovation seeks to show a project in precast concrete that can be applied in facilities construction sites. Enables to meet the market demand for building construction sites in accordance with the requirements of the NR18 and ABNT (NB1367/NBR 12284, 1991), where all the actions of the production of construction happening and where the facilities are usually temporary and precarious. The system proposed solutions such as fast assembly, elimination of waste, and low cost, besides being a constructive process that can be reused in another bed, starting process without any loss of parts that compose it. Attaches itself to the system with one of the solutions that meets the needs of the construction industry in which it is possible to build construction sites, providing the employee satisfactory experiences in the area of enabling a modular installation adapting to the needs and administrative for the proper performance of the employee.
Caracterização do comportamento da pressão intracraniana pelos métodos de monitoramento minimamente invasivo e invasivo no modelo experimental de epilepsia da pilocarpina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-23)
Cardim, Danilo Augusto
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Oliveira, Sérgio Mascarenhas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5310596545712175
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7641749732158046
In this work, a new minimally invasive (ICPmi) and an invasive (ICPi) intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring methods were used to evaluate intracranial pressure behavior in chronic epileptic rats, induced by the experimental model of pilocarpine. Using adult Wistar rats after three months from pilocarpine induced status epilepticus or control procedures, animals underwent a procedure for magnetic resonance imaging acquisition in order to verify volumetric changes in the hippocampal regions. Then, their ICPs were monitored simultaneously for 1 h using ICPmi and ICPi methods, followed by Neo-Timm histological processing of their brains after a week. Analyses consisted of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs) frequency quantification for the pilocarpine group; and for both groups, volume determination of the hippocampal regions using MRI techniques, short-time Fourier transform for ICPi and spectral frequency determinations for ICPmi and ICPi, and mossy fiber sprouting presence verification. Spectral frequency analysis demonstrated a correspondence between ICPmi and ICPi in the frequency domain for both groups. For short-time Fourier transform analysis, oscillations along monitoring time in the ICP frequency were noticeable for the epileptic compared with the control animals. SRSs frequency quantification for the chronic epileptic animals showed an increasing number of seizures along experimental time. Tissue volume measurements for rostral, caudal and total hippocampus showed statistically significant reductions in the pilocarpine group compared to the control. All animals from the epileptic group presented mossy fiber sprouting in comparison with the control group. ICP characteristics of individuals with epilepsy are not elucidated in the literature, since there are few studies associating these two important neurological factors. This work is intended to provide a preliminary experimental approach to these topics of major public health importance.
Diálogos com tradutores-intérpretes de língua de sinais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-23)
Menezes, Adriane Melo de Castro
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Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
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LACERDA, C. B. F. de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9319080320590984
The focus of this work was to watch, in the speeches of InterpreterTranslators of the Language of Signs (TILS), the understanding and the conceptions that they have concerning your function in the process of the deaf student's formation and of the professional alterities constitution of them. We based our study theoretically in the enunciativo-discursive language theory of Mikhail Bakhtin and, to leave of that referential, we defined the methodological procedures , as then organization and the discussions presented in the results. We left of the presupposition that to understand the subjects it is necessary to request to place them in your reality, in the universe of relationships in which they are submerged, and that are decisive the construction of meanings and the relationships and interactions for them established, considering, still, the researcher's active paper in the construction of the data. It participated with us, in the interviews and interactions, 27 TILS, located in series of the Fundamental Teaching II (6th to the 9th year), in schools of the municipal public nets of 8 (eight) Brazilian states. The interviews were recorded, and we did, also, annotations of context elements, important for the understanding of the subjects and yours speeches. We created dialogue spaces and reflection concerning the elements that guide the social practices of these subjects in your professional contexts and, leaving of discussions centered in the speech concepts, subject, dialogy and ideology, we cleaned our perception on the construction of the senses and meanings attributed by the TILS to your material realities and related universes, besides the function of the speeches in the manners as the subject of the research understand your function and responsibilities and they look at the work place for them in the sceneries of development of the deaf students' schooling. Among ours (in) conclusions, detached that the local sceneries indicate significant changes in course in what plays to the deaf students' education and, mainly, in the relationship with the TILS. The plurality of professional entails and of wages it demonstrated that there is a lot to be done in this field of the rights and duties. The suitable situations for the subjects also appeared for the distance among what it would be the ideal and what is the Real in the implantation of bilingual educational projects. We saw as indispensable the support offer to the faculty, as well as the need of the TILS of if they feel part of the teaching team and they develop partnership relationships with the teachers. We saw, also, that the realities and singularities lived by the performance in school atmospheres they hinder these professionals excessively to define your roles, the limits of your responsibilities in the teaching process and of the deaf students' learning. Finally, on formation, professionalization and politization of the TILS, we believed that are aspects they be constantly pursued her, not just in your dimension individual, but collective, considering the interlacement and the crossings of the aspects political, ideological, philosophical, that constitute them in the group of your professional identities. With relationship to the unfoldings of this research, because the done questions raised many other, we believed, mainly, in the importance and need to think on her the formation in a deep and connected way to the beginnings of the alterity. And, still, we waited that, after materializing doubts, conflicts, anguishes and reflections of TILS, this material can serve, also, to the formulation of new and others idealize and ideas of professional formation for them.
Blendas de carvão vegetal e carvão mineral para a produção de briquetes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-25)
Barros, João Lúcio de
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Yamaji, Fábio Minoru
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3142988367509007
Brazil produces about 37 million cubic meters of charcoal per year whit an increasing due to the gradual coal replacement, once the coal mined in Brazil does not have adequate levels of carbon for some purposes, such as power generation. However, the large amount of coal found in all terrestrial crust propitiates an extremely low cost this product. Regarding to it, whit the intent to add value to the coal and provide an adequate destination to by-product (fine) of the charcoal, it was made briquettes of coal blends. For briquettes production it was used coal and charcoal fines, corn starch and boiling water at different proportions, summing up 25 treatments. Ten samples were made for each treatment, summing 250 specimens, wich were analyzed by the moisture content, proximate analysis, density, mechanical strength and thermal analysis. The treatments without the addition of binder were discarded because briquettes could not be formed from them. Other treatments had good features, reaching satisfactory results expect in relation to the formation briquettes (average mechanical strength of 0,2 MPa), presenting good mechanical strength for commercial application. According to the increased proportion of charcoal in the blend, the produced briquette achieved better results, mainly to thermal properties due to higher fixed carbon content (compared to coal) and reduced ash content, an appropriate behavior for various industrial and even residential applications. It was concluded that the use of by-products from vegetable and coal briquettes was technically feasible, providing advantageous physical characteristics for storage and transportation.
Uma abordagem de otimização para a roteirização e programação de navios: um estudo de caso na indústria petrolífera
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-26)
Rodrigues, Vinícius Picanço
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6693329429907988
This work studies the ship routing and scheduling problem in oil transportation from offshore platforms to inland terminals. It is motivated by a real situation in a Brazilian oil company. Brazil is one of the world's greatest oil producers and has around 80% of its oil explored in offshore mode. Thus, transportation costs play an important role in achieving operational excellence, and the recent growth trends for oil exploration in Brazil has transformed its operations and demanded agile and effective decision support systems for addressing the oil sector dynamism. This work's goal consists in developing and applying an optimization-based approach using a mixed integer linear programming model in real decision-making situations, along with a solution method based on mathematical programming (MIP-heuristics) in order to solve the model, such as relax-and-fix. The proposed model is inspired in a problem formulation for pickup and delivery with time windows (PDPTW) and heterogeneous fleet, where costs incurred for fuel consumption and fleet contracts is the objective function to be minimized. The pickup and delivery pairs are predetermined and the model's main decision refers to ship allocation to these pairs compounding a route. Furthermore, some additional constraints are modeled and proposed, such as terminal access and platform mooring limitation according to ship types, as well as product blend incompatibility. The model was implemented in a modeling language along with an optimizarion software. Computational experiments with the model and the heuristics are presented for different data sets supplied by the case study company. These experiments show the potential benefits of this approach for finding good solutions for the problem as well as the dificulty in finding solutions for realistic instances due to its NP-hard characteristics.
A coordenação híbrida e a percepção dos fornecedores de manufatura contratada sobre a complementariedade contratual na produção de bens eletrônicos de consumo no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-26)
Cruz, Valcir de Jesus Sousa da
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Paulillo, Luiz Fernando de Oriani e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919942357089937
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8104600618605089
In the electronics industry the companies owners of brands ( OEM ) are hiring outside manufacturing service providers ( EMS ) , and transfer to them major portions of their production. The EMSs have contributed to the OEMs in activities such as supply of components, engineering, manufacturing and distribution services. With the growth of this practice, the EMSs accumulate ever more capacity as providers of highly specialized commoditized electronic products, reducing costs and sharing risks across the electronic industry.The objective of this research was to scale the perception among EMSs, about the attributes of trust, mutuality and leadership, governance mechanisms as complementary to contract manufacturing in the consumer electronics industry considering the contributions of Ménard (2004) for the development of hybrid modes of governance. A field survey was carried out, being interviewed companies providing contract manufacturing headquartered in São Paulo. The analyzes show that allowed transactions providing electronic manufacturing are coordinated by complementary mechanisms to contracts through a governance model multiple hybrid formed by trust, mutuality and leadership.
Optical and transport properties of p-i-n GaAs/AlAs resonant tunneling diode
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-26)
Awan, Iram Taj
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Gobato, Yara Galvão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558531056409406
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9790521790751945
In this thesis, we have investigated the optical and transport properties of a p-i-n GaAs-AlAs resonant tunneling diode (RTD). The possibility of controlling and significantly varying the density of carriers accumulated at different layers of this structure simply by applying an external bias makes it very useful to investigate various fundamental issues. Furthermore, the process of tunneling that critically depends on the alignment from confined energy levels and the injection of carriers that attain quasi - equilibrium distribution at distinct accumulation layers makes this structure very special for analyzing optical properties in general, and in special, spin-polarization effects when an external magnetic field is applied to the RTD. Particularly, two emission bands were observed for the quantum well (QW) of our structure and were associated to the recombination of electrons and holes that tunnel into the QW and may recombine either as an exciton involving the fundamental states of the QW or a transition involving an acceptor state in the QW. It was also observed that the relative intensity of these emission bands strongly depend on the applied bias voltage. The optical recombination involving acceptors states becomes relatively more efficient as compared to the excitonic recombination for higher densities of electrons in the QW. This effect was discussed considering how the electron carrier density depends on the applied voltage and other effects such the capture rate of holes by the acceptors and electron and hole differences concerning mobility, effective mass and tunneling processes. We have also investigated spin properties of the tunneling carriers in our device by measuring the polarization-resolved electroluminescence from the quantum well (QW) and the contact layers under low temperatures and high magnetic fields, up to 15 T. Under these conditions, we have observed that the QW emission presents a large negative polarization degree which depends on the external applied bias voltage. The VII QW spin polarization shows oscillations and abrupt changes at the electron resonant peak. The results are mainly attributed to the abrupt changes of intensity of the two QW emission lines. Furthermore, the contact-layer emission have also shown voltage dependent emission lines that were attributed to the two-dimensional electron gas formed at the accumulation layer under an applied bias. The contact-layer emission presents a large negative polarization degree which is also voltage dependent. The QW spin polarization degree was discussed considering different effects such as the presence of neutral acceptors in the QW, the voltage control of carrier densities in the device, hole and electron tunneling processes and the spin injection of spin polarized two-dimensional gases formed at the accumulation layers.
Mecanismo em nuvem de monitoramento a dados sensíveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-26)
Souza, Rafael Tomé de
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5732745431754357
The privacy guarantee of a person s data is understood as the capacity of this person to manage, store, change, restrict or disclose for groups of individual of his choice. The data shared can be sensitive, revealing private content that deserves protection in sharing, for example financial personal information. In many computing services a lot of sensitive data does not have any mechanism that guarantees the owner s privacy. This work shows a mechanism that guarantees the privacy of the person who has the data accessed, the data owner, and the privacy of the person who accesses the data. It was developed a cloud monitoring mechanism for data whose access needs to be monitored with intrusion detection scenario available for the data owner. The propose feasibility was evaluated by response time test of a monitored page access, server overload and the server resource consumption through the prism of an application using the mechanism. Such mechanism has been a viable solution due to its minimal impact in computational resources and a solution that assists in sensitive data access monitoring.