Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2014-06-09"

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O céu que nos protege: a desertificação das relações humanas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-09)
Rodrigues, Ana Claudia
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Monzani, Josette Maria Alves de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0505156751073470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6190989283414190
And the world at full speed, with its re-engineering and mass production, would bring hope to men. It was possible to believe in the prosperity of technique as a compensation for the gap imposed by the Second World War. In a blend of sepia and black and white, reminder of a bygone cinema, the screen is filled as progress, speed and the principle of quantitative values are announced. Industries and factories, cars and trams, dynamism and rush, skyscrapers and neon: here is the synthesis of the universe portraited in the beginning of The sheltering sky (1990), by Bernardo Bertolucci. As colours invade the screen, through a sequence of shots, as they indicate new happenings, the essence of all that excess was made as though it was pulled away with tweezers: Port, Kit and Tunner would lead, starting from that diegetic instant, not only their own peculiarities, but also the universalization they fitted in. Thus, in the face on the mentioned anticipating elements of a leading image for the awake senses of the spectators, we seek to analyze Bertolucci s film in the meanderings of its own historical contextualization in which the characters are inserted, since they would be sharp representation of a recent second post-war, and they saw their own rebuilding in the progress of technique and therefore, through this idealization, they walked forward searching for the compensation of intrinsic gaps. But it is clear that the characters behaviour will not be restricted to the 50s but rather on the contrary, once in earlier circunstances the individuals can be seen in the look for a path, a way out from their loneliness or any other aspect concerning the sense of their existence. In the same way, nowadays , by the means of a visible technology serving a market in constant renovation, anchors reshaped in new disguises are evident, remoulding the idea of new , are evident, and these are constantly committed to the compensation of an existencial void, of a crossing in the quest for a hold for the individual. So, starting from the very genesis of the film precursor tracks common to the creative progress, of which there are no certainties, but intuition, deduction sensitive to the heterogeneous remittance of art, the route narrated in each segment of the film will be establishing itself gradually, always by the light of a methodology fit to outline each character by their own action in order to insert them in the categories given by the diegesis itself, such as travellers, tourist and those who would be in the simultaneity of those determinations, which we can name passengers all of this indicating different manners of seeing the world. Alongside whit those classifications, it is sought to establish the very path of the aesthetic element through the trails of those individuals, first in a fleeting principle, that is, easily falling in forgetfulness, through the linkage of a time in synchrony with the past of tradition, with the present of its fulfillments and with the future pointing at wherever there may be a look of reception. Thus, between the ephemerity of things and the firmness of senses, between men s trends in the front of their supposed arts and of the perennial building of the individual mirroring himself in the immortality of the artistic object, this analysis of the film The sheltering sky begins.
Avaliação da eficiência e modelagem matemática da remoção de material particulado em canal gramado integrante de técnica compensatória construída em escala real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-09)
Felipe, Mayara Caroline
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Moruzzi, Rodrigo Braga
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408665052901005
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1287505734500290
A math model was applied to describe the removal of particulate matter in lawn canal built in real scale. For this purpose different initial concentrations (Co) of particulate matter were investigated, as following: 65; 131; 196; 262 and 327 mg/L. The investigated rains, containing suspended solids, were discharged on the channel which has 100 m in length and slope of 2 %. Measurements were made of particulate material through the analysis of turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS) in 26 locations along the length of the channel. The experimental data were fit to the model using nonlinear regression parameter (kd) and (C*), which correspond to the decay kinetics constant and minimum limiting values the curve removal, respectively. Fractions removed and mathematical adjustment were assessed and performed for each isolated event and also for the result set. On average, the magnitude of the relative error ranged from 0.83% to 5.11%, with the highest average value obtained for the lowest concentration of particulate matter (65 mg L- 1). Regarding the values obtained for the decay constants (kd ), which represent the frequency of removal of particulate matter, it is noted that the same trends to a minimum value for the higher initial concentrations of particles (Co) . This fact indicates that the higher the initial concentration of particulate matter (Co), the greater the extent of travel required for its removal, with a maximum observed at around 80 m, for concentrations above 196 mg.L-1.
Programação das frentes de colheita de cana-de-açúcar: uma modelagem visando o equilíbrio das capacidades de colheita e transporte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-09)
Junqueira, Rogério de Ávila Ribeiro
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
The production of sugar, ethanol and electricity from sugar cane necessarily involves harvesting and transportation of raw materials, which are expensive and complex operations and have significant influence on the quality of the industrial raw material. The literature reports several optimization approaches related to the planning of planting, harvesting and transporting of sugarcane, however the scheduling of harvesting fronts is underexplored. This thesis intends to contribute to the state-of-art of this important issue in the context of the Brazilian agribusiness. Optimization approaches to support scheduling decisions of harvesting fronts considering the balance of harvesting and transportation capacities, as well as good agronomic management are proposed. The approaches are inspired by the representation of the problem as a lot sizing and scheduling model with parallel machines and sequence-dependent setup costs and times, a modelling technique well studied in the production planning and control literature. Three variants of this formulation, based on mathematical programming models, were developed and tested in two real case studies of medium size sugar mills. Heuristic methods based on aggregation procedures and mathematical programming have also been studied and developed to solve large scaled problems found in practice. Among the three variants studied, one presented the best solution quality within the expected execution time. Important scenario analysis were done indicating that the schedule s fulfilment provides reduction of harvesting and transporting complexity to the following season, which can generate significant saves in the cases studied. Besides that, comparing the proposed scheduling method with one of the sector s practice, it can be generated also significant cost reduction in the cases studied. The results were analyzed according to a validation methodology (descriptive facet of tetraedrum) well known in the literature.
Vegetação de cerrado e conservação : relação entre teorias, influência da escala e variação espacial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-09)
Baldoni, Raquel Negrão
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Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6904975996650586
A community can be defined purely as a group of individuals in a certain area? Since the beginning of ecology as a science, many authors have proposed theories to explain the structure of plant communities and therefore the spatial variation. However, although the accumulated knowledge has advanced to challenge the theories with each other, we have not reached many consensus within the community ecology. Likewise it has not been an easy task to establish physical or functional boundaries between the plant communities in the field, has also not been easy to establish boundaries between theories, approaches and influences of diferents areas of science, such as the biogeografia and evolution. Although some researchers have been working on attempts to establish an integrated theory was not only achieved little success and earned the antipathy of many trends or incited passions in scientific circles. On the one hand, the structure of the plant community may be the result of chance that accumulates over time and space, or by environmental heterogeneity due to specific ecological adaptations of different species. On the other hand, the gradient study indicates recognition of closed communities separated by transitional areas whose influence among communities, such highly dynamic areas, regulate their diversity, as endemic center would be essential for management and maintenance actions. Thus, the thresholds may reflect discontinuities on many different levels, but all kinds of limits can help to draw the line where there is success or failure in the prevalence of survival, growth and reproduction, sufficient to prevent the extinction of a species. In this context, the objective of this work is especially to propose a new old way to look at the structure of plant communities, trying to recognize the principles of the proposed theories from the scale of influence on spatial variation in community composition. Still, considering the current context of environmental changes caused by human activities, we will evaluate the effect of artificial transitions in the structure and diversity of communities. Furthermore, given the important contribution of ecotonal areas as endemic centers, we evaluate the contribution of the occurrence of threatened species in these areas for the Brazilian ecosystems conservation status. In this analysis, greater focus was given to the Cerrado, as the Brazilian Phytogeographic Domain presenting transition areas with almost all other ecosystems, with the exception of Pampa. Our results indicated a greater heterogeneity among the grasslands than in the savanna, but in thin scales both guard similarity close to 1, with a higher similarity between samples than expected by chance. This allows us to consider that the fine-scale continuum theory applies to structuring of communities and its spatial variation. In a coarser scale, communities vary as of continuum, in which the case studied in Itirapina Ecological Station, the continuum is represented by the part of Coutinho's gradient ("Grassland – Savanna - Forest") as Grassland-Forest. However, within a mosaic of ecotones and homogeneous types of vegetation, we find gradients nested with the refinement of the scale. In this case, the influence of the scale in approaches to the structuring of the Cerrado communities could be related to fractals, from the recognition of repeated linked units. Considering the intense fragmentation of the Cerrado vegetation, the invasibility of the communities and the biodiversity loss by invasive alien species, it is necessary to carefully evaluate the effect of artificial transitions in the structure of plant communities and establish 3 effective measures of management of invasive grasses for the focus of established invasion. Still, one must consider the ecosystem conservation status are significantly influenced by the heterogeneity that should be considered in priority actions for conservation.
Composição bioquímica de organismos planctônicos visando à aplicação em aquicultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-09)
Rocha, Giseli Swerts
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Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9522932409165588
Aquaculture is an activity of great importance in food production, but fish survival in post- larval stages represents a big challenge. Artemia sp. is successfully used as live food, but is expensive and one of the alternatives to reduce costs is to use native species, such as natural zooplankton and fairy shrimp Dendrocephalus brasiliensis, phylogenetically close to A. salina. This study examined how changes in nutritional conditions affect the algae Ankistrodesmus gracilis, and the biochemical composition of D. brasiliensis, Artemia sp. and Daphnia magna. Moreover, we studied how different combinations of food affect the biochemical composition of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). The results showed that the availability of phosphorus and copper alter the biochemical composition of algae and affect the production of chlorophyll, growth rates and resistance to metal; D. brasiliensis showed good results in terms of the content of carbohydrates and protein, and a change in the lipid composition according to sex and stage of development of animals; cod showed better results when feed on wild zooplankton added to the cultivated and enriched organisms (rotifers and Artemia) in tanks. Based on these results, we conclude that the environment and nutrient availability in the case of microalgae, affects the biochemical composition and ability to handle contaminants. The biochemical composition of zooplankton can affect higher trophic levels, affecting both the biochemical composition. For these reasons, it is important to know the optimal cultivation conditions in order to achieve the best results in each trophic level.
A família Myrtaceae na Floresta Nacional de Ipanema, Iperó, São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-10)
Silva, Alan Teixeira da
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Capelo, Fiorella Fernanda Mazine
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0400014722017129
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8524312847995625
With about 1.000 species and 23 genera occurring in Brazil, Myrtaceae is one of the most important families in floristic surveys, mainly in Cerrado and Atlantic Forest areas. The National Forest of Ipanema is occupied mostly by Atlantic Forest and small areas of Cerrado; it is also possible to observe signs of human exploration in the past in the area. The main objective of this work is to improve the knowledge of Myrtaceae in the National Forest of Ipanema. For this, field trips were made between September 2012 and March 2013 and the collections of the following herbaria were analyzed: CCTS, ESA, IAC, SP, SPSF, UEC. After data analysis 23 species of Myrtaceae and 6 genera were found: Eugenia (10 species), Myrcia (4 species), Psidium (4 species), Campomanesia (3 species), Calyptranthes (1 species) and Plinia (1 species). Descriptions, illustrations, maps of geographical distribution and keys of identification of the species were prepared. After data analyzis C. neriiflora was identified in the IUCN red list of threatened species as vulnerable risk, by the other side, Psidium guajava occurs at high frequency, as it is an invasive species, it could endanger the local biodiversity. All the collected specimens were deposited in CCTS collection.
Evangelho segundo Racionais MC'S: ressignificações religiosas, políticas e estético-musicais nas narrativas do rap
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-10)
Takahashi, Henrique Yagui
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Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8260631356720463
The present work consists in a study concerning the ressignifications in the narratives of Racionais MC s group of rap about the daily life of the urban peripheries in the city of São Paulo, during the years 1990 to 2000. These ressignifications about the peripheral dayafter- day would be in three aspects: religious a narrative composition of the rappers using the moral and ethical Christian notions, reviving a biblical narrative, more specifically of Livro Êxodo, and Livro Gênesis and the Jesus Christ, thus presenting a relevance of the peripheral pentecostal universe; politic the rap s subversive and critical bias, arising from the American black leaders discourse such as Malcolm X s, the Brazilian re-democratization process with political participation of the popular classes, and the hip-hop as political, cultural and artistic critic movement to the injustices and social inequalities in the urban peripheries engendered by capitalism and racism; and esthetic-musical through the notion of sample, audible clipping of a music or environment sounds (for example a car exhaust s noise), that composed with other musical elements would constitute the sonority while rap s expressivity constitutive elements, using mainly the black aesthetic-musical genres such as: funk, disco, gospel, soul, samba and pagode. Based on the albums Sobrevivendo no inferno [Surviving in Hell] (1997), and Nada como um dia após outro dia [Nothing as One Day after Another Day] (2002), I shall present their songs as narratives that hybridize political, religious and esthetic-musical elements, thus, establishing a Gospel according to Racionais MC s.
Monitoramento e modelagem hidrológica de plano de infiltração construído em escala real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-10)
Tecedor, Natália
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3526779414947884
The intense urbanization generated from twentieth century and the emergence of large urban centers brought about a considerable change in the use and occupation of land ; this became very waterproof resulting in increased runoff . Problems resulting from the growth of this flow we mention floods , climate change , interference in the hydrological cycle and water balance . This problem , with the passage of time has been improving sustainable urban drainage analyzing the control flow that has to be done at source infiltration , percolation and storage . The importance of this work is to know the compensatory techniques so that they can be applied in the UFSCAR campus - São Carlos - SP . This study aimed to design, build , monitor and model a plan of infiltration, built in real scale, for stormwater management of the building with an area of 3001.3 m². The funds came from Project MCT / FINEP / Action Cross Environmental and Housing 07 /2009 Drainage - MAPLU2 - . Stormwater Management Urban 2 The soil characterization was performed considering their fitness levels , grain size, permeability, degree of compaction and profile this soil. The lifting of water infiltration into the soil testing was conducted with double ring . There was an technical compensatory plan infiltration met the six physical aspects , three urban and infrastructure aspects , environmental aspects and two health and two socioeconomic aspects . The method adopted for the design was the envelope -curve , using a return period of 10 years. Through electronic equipment and measurements of precipitation 32 actual rainfall events were monitored . In this period there were no leakage of the infiltration plan representing these events , an efficiency of 100 % in reducing runoff volume. The modeling technique was using the method of PULS . This model however was considered difficult to apply this technique , that due to uncertainties regarding the areas of infiltration by high initial infiltration capacity of the soil and the fact that the water has preferred areas in infiltration plan.
Sistema multiagente para controle de veículos autônomos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-10)
Branisso, Lucas Binhardi
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Kato, Edilson Reis Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8517698122676145
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2989288919102233
Vehicle fleets are an important component in several applications, moving materials and people. Examples include material handling in warehouses, factories and port terminals, people transportation as in taxi fleets and emergency services, such as medical assistance, fire-fighters and police. Fleet operation is crucial for these applications: it can mean loss of money and commercial partners in case of industry, os loss of lives in case of emergency services. Controlling the fleet to achieve efficient levels of performance is a difficult problem, though, and becomes even harder as the fleet grows. Research in the area has been linking vehicle fleet operation to Multi-Agent Systems, because vehicle fleets are naturally distributed and Multi-agent System is a convenient abstraction to cope with distributed Artificial Intelligence problems. Therefore, it is proposed a Multi-Agent System to control vehicle fleets, focusing on material handling application in warehouses. The proposed system has three types of agents: Vehicle Agent, Loading Point Agent and Storage Point Agent. Agents interact amongst themselves through messages, trying to efficiently realize the material handling in a warehouse. System implementation is done through a simulation of a warehouse operation, built on top of MASON multi-agent system simulation platform. Task assignment strategies is also an important problem, therefore four strategies are shown and tested using the simulation: CNET, Fuzzy, DynCNET and FiTA. To enable comparison among these strategies, a Genetic Algorithm is employed to systematically search good parameters for each strategy. The proposed system, as well as the simulation, are offered as a framework for development of other vehicle fleets controlling multi-agent systems and/or task assignment strategies.
Indicadores físicos, químicos e biológicos da integridade ambiental em seis córregos da porção superior da bacia do rio Monjolinho, São Carlos-SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-10)
Barrilli, Germano Henrique Costa
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Verani, José Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8115506438230738
The analyses of the relative condition factor in fish community and of the benthic macroinvertebrates communities structure were used as a tool for assessing the influence of disturbances and water quality in the tropical streams of the upper portion of Monjolinho River basin, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. The condition factor revealed different responses of the fish species regarding the organic pollution effect. Astyanax cf paranae was found to be a sensitive species, Phalloceros harpagos to be tolerant, and Poecilia reticulate to be resistant. The analysis of the benthic macroinvertebrate community structure showed that these populations are affected by the loss of environmental quality, resulting in great differences in species diversity, with the absence of groups considered sensitive to pollution and dominance of resistant groups. In this portion of the Monjolinho River basin it was possible to identify streams with high environmental integrity as the Espraiado stream, up to strongly polluted streams as the Belvedere stream.
Origem, amplificação e difusão da preferência manual e sua relação com assimetrias intermanuais de desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-11)
Souza, Rosana Machado de
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Teixeira, Luis Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456193961124925
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2620014122591577
The effect of using the non-preferred hand on manual preference and motor performance was assessed in two experiments. Experiment 1 investigated the short-term effect of lateralized experience on manual preference and motor performance in infants reaching. Four- and seven-month-olds were induced to use the non-preferred hand through reaching for toys contralaterally to the preferred hand. Reassessment of manual preference in reaching at the central position revealed that infants used the nonpreferred hand more frequently. That behavior was similar between both age groups. Kinematic analysis of reaching did not indicate variations coherent with shift of manual preference. Experiment 2 tested the effect of practice with the non-preferred hand on manual preference and intermanual asymmetries of performance, comparing children and adults. Different tasks requiring reaching and manipulation were practiced. Manual preference was assessed through reaching toward cards at different positions on the right and left of the participant, and inserting the card into a slot. Results showed that use of the nonpreferred hand increased after practice in both age groups. There was no effect of practice on intermanual asymmetries of performance. Results indicate that manual preference is flexible and modulated by immediate lateralized experiences.
Bancos Comunitários de Desenvolvimento como estratégia de desenvolvimento territorial, microcrédito e autoconstrução. Caso : Banco Bem, Vitória-ES
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-11)
João, Callil
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Shimbo, Ioshiaqui
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315114291031702
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4709633423062991
Since 1998 it has increased the number of Community Development Banks, there are currently more than 100 operating in the country. They are a recent phenomenon and there are few studies on the cumulative impacts of this initiative in its service territory. In addition is relevant to quote the coordination and community mobilization, promotion of social currency, cultural activities, environment, health and education. These banks work with credit services, most of the time with productive credit lines and consumption, some banks proffer housing credit for renovation, expansion and even production of new housing with the self technical advice. This dissertation will examine in particular the relationship of housing production through the housing microfinance promoting by Banco Bem, Vitória -ES, and the development of its territory, with the guiding hypothesis that the Community Development Banks, in particular the Banco Bem, promote Territorial Development with its housing microcredit and free technical advice to the self, allowing housing improvements, fostering trade in materials and services in the chain of housing production and through community organization and mobilization due to the Local Development Forum. Thus is an initiative more suited to the reality of substandard clusters and potential guideline / model for Public Policy Housing in these territories. In this context, the research aims to examine the relationship between the Housing Credit via Community Development Bank, housing production, technical advice for self, Territorial Development and its dialogues with the Public Policy.
Índices urbanísticos e o ambiente térmico: estudo em uma fração da cidade de São Carlos -SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-13)
Vasconcelos, Juliano Souza
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Souza, Lea Cristina Lucas de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0083847008256434
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6323583415428794
Though urban form affects the thermal environment, there are only a few legal tools that include the thermal issue in the city planning and urban design. This research established a link between urban form and thermal environment, by considering urban indexes such as the occupation coefficient, the floor space index and the vegetation cover index, to characterize the land use and occupation. For this purpose, the study area was an urban fraction of the Brazilian city of São Carlos, in State of São Paulo. Several points of the study area were taken as references for thermal measurements, while others regional data of the climate were registered by the meteorological station situated in the city skirts. The data were collected in periods representing dry weather of winter months. The measurements allowed the validation of a computational model applied for microclimatic simulation of the urban area - the ENVI-met. The best situation performed by the model was determined by comparison of real and simulated data. This process allowed data extraction by simulation of the whole area and the development of thermal maps, considering the real urban situation, a scenario of densification and a scenario of green areas. The results pointed out that the rise of the occupation coefficient causes a slight elevation of the air temperature. Even more significant tendencies were also assessed by the development of a multiple regression model, revealing the potential of the floor space index, the urban green cover and their association with the wind speed.
Restrições ao uso de sistemas de medição de desempenho em pequenas e médias empresas: estudo de campo em indústrias de transformação do setor metal-mecânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-13)
Gloria, Marcelo Guimarães
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Oprime, Pedro Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0779089631515919
The Performance Measurement System (PMS) are one of the essential tools to withstand the demands of information at all levels within an organization, and also is an important means of measuring the effectiveness of their business strategy. However, due to several peculiarities present in Small and Medium Enterprises (SME), this tool is not always implemented and used in full. Given the above, this work aims to identify constraints that make it difficult the implementation and use of a PMS in SMEs. For this, a literature search and also a survey research was conducted, covering a unit of analysis of 21 industries in the metal-mechanical sector. This research was conducted in the region of Limeira, an important industrial center, located within the São Paulo state. As a result, it was found that SMEs face many difficulties in implementing PMS and this phenomenon is due to the fact that SMEs have characteristics that differ from large companies. Factors such as lack of resources, excessive informality, lack of a strategic long-term vision and lack of knowledge of this tool have been identified as existing in most of the surveyed companies. These factors added the characteristics of business, become serious constraints to the development and use of this tool.
Estrutura da ictiofauna e ecologia trófica de Sciaenidae acompanhante na pesca do camarão sete-barbas, no litoral de Santa Catarina, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-13)
Sabinson, Lia Mayrink
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Verani, José Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8836864670457648
In trawling a significant portion of the captured fauna has no commercial value and is returned to the sea, causing biological and ecological changes, with impacts on the food chain, modifying processes of energy transfer in the ecosystem. Studies on the feeding habits of demersal fish provide basic information for understanding species trophic relations. Thus, this work aimed the undestandment of the feeding habits of the most abundant fish present in the bycatch of the Xiphopenaeus kroyeri artisanal fisheries of the coast of Santa Catarina, through the analysis of stomach contents, describing patterns of similarity, overlap and trophic structure. Sampling took place seasonally, from November 2009 to August 2010, in Balneario Barra do Sul, Porto Belo and Penha. Whaling vessels from the artisanal shrimping fleet were used for trawling. After sorting the specimens, they were frozen until the completion of biometrics and stomach content analysis. Information obtained through analysis of stomach contents were quantified via the Kawakami-Vazzoler feeding index, combining the frequency of occurrence and the relative volume of the items. Species of Sciaenidae family were the most abundant. Ctenosciaena gracilicirrhus, Cynoscion jamaicensis, Larimus breviceps, Menticirrhus americanus, Stellifer brasiliensis and S. rastrifer were classified as crab eaters, while Isopisthus parvipinnis crab eater/piscivore, Micropogonias furnieri as annelid eater/crab eater and Paralonchurus brasiliensis as annelid eater, however species were found to have very similar diets, altering the intake of certain items between seasons and locations. According Morisita overlap index, 9 cases of overlap were observed in Balneario Barra do Sul, 9 in Penha and 20 in Porto Belo. The bipartite foodwebs showed generality in the intake of food, with most species carrying multiple trophic interactions. Once the Sciaenidade family is the most abundant and diverse in the sea-bob-shrimp bycatch, iv its removal seems to directly influence the ecosystem processes in the region, with most species performing a wide range of interactions. Therefore their removal will gradually change the stability of benthic community.
Experimento de Galileu do plano inclinado em sala de aula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-14)
Santos, Max Luiz de Oliveira
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Studart Filho, Nelson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451310772113076
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2717135056341511
This work aims to make a suited reconstruction from the classic experiment of the inclined plane, attributed to Galileo Galilei. The intention is to apply it to high school classes, claiming that it might motivate these students to learn concepts related to physics, and should be able to better understand the subjective nature of what is behind the science and its construction process. It is intended to perform the experiment and guide the activities in order that the activities that students can better understand scientific knowledge as a result of human construction, as well as its inherent limitations, realizing that the science development is based on model making and experimentation, among others, which can be modified along the time. The discussion and investigation of the assumptions made by the great physicist, in the elaboration of the theory of falling bodies, and their validity, may result in rich discussions of scientific development. Students may discuss the possibility of adoption and acceptance of misconceptions in science, and what implications these have for the development of scientific theories. The work analyzes the measurement of time of ball bearings on the inclined plane, evaluating the primitive methods that Galileo could have used to reach its conclusions regarding this type of movement. The dissertation also approaches modern methods, as for example, the measurements of falling objects using a tape recorder of a microcomputer, and finally both time measurement procedures are discussing emphasizing historical and modern discussion of both forms, comparing historical and modern aspects in the development of science. Performed activities, finalize the work with the results of the project and its completion, prospects of continuity, assessing the feasibility of its use as an educational product that can serve as a tool in the process of teaching and learning in high school and used by other teachers in other contexts.
Comportamento de busca de informação na internet: inclusão digital, modelos conceituais e estudo exploratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-14)
Abe, Veridiana
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0586494590304245
ABSTRACT The information search behavior of users of Internet rooms located at the Center for Scientific and Cultural Dissemination of the Chemistry Institute of the University of São Paulo (CDCC-USP) and at the Social Service of Commerce (SESC), both located in the city of São Carlos, was analyzed. These locations were chosen because they are institutions that promote free access to the community, constituting institutions that are active in the process of digital inclusion. With different objectives – the CDCC prioritizes school activities for elementary and high school students – while the SESC has as one of its missions the promotion of leisure – both are initiatives to combat digital exclusion in the city. The analysis of the information search behavior of users sought to identify the overall search strategy used, including the use of search syntax and semantics, the sources of information and the uses of the Internet. Sixty-one questionnaires with closed and open questions were applied, consisting of an exploratory survey. In the national literature on Information Science, there are few studies that focus on information search behavior on the Internet, and only recently has a movement in favor of information education programs begun. Studies of this nature are welcome to contribute to the development of public policies for digital inclusion that aim to create conditions for access and that, simultaneously, contemplate the development of information literacy, so that users are able to critically evaluate sources and information retrieved in electronic environments, using them to meet their needs. International literature discusses the difficulty users encounter when they need to express what they want on the Internet in terms of the system's language. Some results of this research, although not conclusive, provided evidence that users have little familiarity with the Internet, perform 1 or 2 searches and use few terms in the formulation of the search expression, even though they retrieve the information they need.
Respostas de Scenedesmus bijugus a nanopartículas de TiO2 em concentrações ambientalmente relevantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-16)
Mariano, Daniela da Silva
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Lombardi, Ana Teresa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0725648167756426
Phytoplankton cells are base of aquatic food webs, so supporting higher trophic levels and helping equilibrium maintenance in such ecosystems. As residues, nano-TiO2 particles reach aquatic environments where they pose risks to the biota. Literature is controversial about the toxicity of nanoparticles to phytoplankton in general and most data obtained so far has been based on nanoparticles concentrations well above those estimated to occur in natural aquatic environments. Because nanoparticles size vary according to its concentrations, and its toxicity and reactivity are largely dependent on its size, investigations of nanoparticles toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations are important for the understanding of these compounds onto phytoplankton cells. On the contrary, investigations using higher concentrations can be meaningless. This study aimed at investigating the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) at environmentally relevant concentrations (5.10-9 to 5.10- 6 mol L-1) on the freshwater Chlorophyceae Scenedesmus bijugus. We present data of a systematic investigation onto the effects of TiO2 nanoparticles to Scenedesmus bijugus focusing on its physiology under controlled laboratory conditions. We evaluated cell density, chlorophyll a concentrations, growth rates, photosynthetic quantum yield of PSII (continue...)
Zoneamento geoambiental analítico da bacia do Rio Clarinho a partir da técnica de avaliação de terreno, na escala 1:50.000
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-16)
Guerrero, João Vitor Roque
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Lollo, José Augusto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8987677644041247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4923798452806393
Nowadays, the disorderly way in what happens the human occupation on the physical environment, generates serious environmental, social and economic problems. In order to assuage these problems, many works in the geosciences area concerns with this subject, trying to mitigate these processes, mainly from the territorial planning. The most commonly tool used for territorial planning is the geo-environmental zoning, consisting of, from a prior knowledge of the local physical environment, defining areas of interest, where it may propose limitations and potential for its use and occupation. In this context, this work aimed to generate a chart of analytical geo-environmental zoning of the Rio Clarinho watershed (Brazil) on the scale of 1:50.000. The basin is located in the northeast of the state of São Paulo and presents area of 40.87 km ². The proposed zoning had as a major factor the relief forms of the area, from the technique known as the Land Evaluation. This technique analyzes the forms of relief (landforms), since they are reflections of the natural processes acting on the materials of the earth's surface and, therefore, should reflect the conditions thereof, providing conditions that are proposed and the potential restrictions on use and occupation of the área. As a result, the geoenvironmental zoning of Rio Clarinho chart was generated and pointed to five geoenvironmental units, where proposals for potential and limitations of land use according to the characteristics of the physical environment were presented.
Influência do comportamento das ligações na estabilidade de estruturas mistas de aço e concreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-16)
Pulido, Antonio Carlos
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Nardin, Silvana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4972734653751014
The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the rigidity of the beam-tocolumn connections as well as the transference of forces among the structural components in steel-concrete composite structures. to do this, data regarding the Moment vs. Rotation curve behavior of a concrete filled beam-to-column connection, previously evaluated on a different work was used for comparison. The experimental value of rigidity was inserted into models of plane frames and tridimensional models, in a way that the global stability parameters can be evaluated according to the rotational stiffness of the beam-to-column connections. In order to evaluate the stability, was led in consideration the ABNT NBR 8800:2008 Brazilian code recommendations. For the numeric simulations, the software SAP 2000® was used, in which it was simulated a plane frame model with ten floors, and also a tridimensional frame, varying the number of floors. Once constructed the numerical models, for the plane frame comparative analysis were performed study of the redistribution of forces, of consumption of steel and stability considering that the beam-to-column connections represented in the models, simulate the following situations regarding the system stiffness: rigid and semi-rigid connections and also ratios of experimental stiffness. For the tridimensional model, besides the variation of the stiffness connection the influence of number of floors on the parameters of stability and distribution of forces on structural elements was also analyzed in the present study. The results showed that the stiffness of the beam-to-connections alters the distribution of forces, and that the variation on the number of floors have influence on the global stability parameter. However, it is possible to design structures with semi-rigid beam-to-column connections respecting the normative limits for the parameters of stability and reducing the consumption of steel in the form of profiles.