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Zoneamento geoambiental analítico da bacia do Rio Clarinho a partir da técnica de avaliação de terreno, na escala 1:50.000
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-16) Guerrero, João Vitor Roque; Lollo, José Augusto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8987677644041247; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4923798452806393
Nowadays, the disorderly way in what happens the human occupation on the physical environment, generates serious environmental, social and economic problems. In order to assuage these problems, many works in the geosciences area concerns with this subject, trying to mitigate these processes, mainly from the territorial planning. The most commonly tool used for territorial planning is the geo-environmental zoning, consisting of, from a prior knowledge of the local physical environment, defining areas of interest, where it may propose limitations and potential for its use and occupation. In this context, this work aimed to generate a chart of analytical geo-environmental zoning of the Rio Clarinho watershed (Brazil) on the scale of 1:50.000. The basin is located in the northeast of the state of São Paulo and presents area of 40.87 km ². The proposed zoning had as a major factor the relief forms of the area, from the technique known as the Land Evaluation. This technique analyzes the forms of relief (landforms), since they are reflections of the natural processes acting on the materials of the earth's surface and, therefore, should reflect the conditions thereof, providing conditions that are proposed and the potential restrictions on use and occupation of the área. As a result, the geoenvironmental zoning of Rio Clarinho chart was generated and pointed to five geoenvironmental units, where proposals for potential and limitations of land use according to the characteristics of the physical environment were presented.
Influência do comportamento das ligações na estabilidade de estruturas mistas de aço e concreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-16) Pulido, Antonio Carlos; Nardin, Silvana de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4972734653751014
The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the rigidity of the beam-tocolumn connections as well as the transference of forces among the structural components in steel-concrete composite structures. to do this, data regarding the Moment vs. Rotation curve behavior of a concrete filled beam-to-column connection, previously evaluated on a different work was used for comparison. The experimental value of rigidity was inserted into models of plane frames and tridimensional models, in a way that the global stability parameters can be evaluated according to the rotational stiffness of the beam-to-column connections. In order to evaluate the stability, was led in consideration the ABNT NBR 8800:2008 Brazilian code recommendations. For the numeric simulations, the software SAP 2000® was used, in which it was simulated a plane frame model with ten floors, and also a tridimensional frame, varying the number of floors. Once constructed the numerical models, for the plane frame comparative analysis were performed study of the redistribution of forces, of consumption of steel and stability considering that the beam-to-column connections represented in the models, simulate the following situations regarding the system stiffness: rigid and semi-rigid connections and also ratios of experimental stiffness. For the tridimensional model, besides the variation of the stiffness connection the influence of number of floors on the parameters of stability and distribution of forces on structural elements was also analyzed in the present study. The results showed that the stiffness of the beam-to-connections alters the distribution of forces, and that the variation on the number of floors have influence on the global stability parameter. However, it is possible to design structures with semi-rigid beam-to-column connections respecting the normative limits for the parameters of stability and reducing the consumption of steel in the form of profiles.
Contribuição ao estudo do fosfogesso comparativamente a algumas propriedades do gesso mineral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-16) Brondino, João Ailton; Sales, Almir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7377787166073311; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8779879054684967
The phosphogypsum is calcium sulfate (gypsum chemical), generated as waste in industrial production of phosphoric acid, the main raw material for the production of phosphate fertilizers. Is generated on a large scale, and to produce one ton of phosphoric acid are generated many tons of phosphogypsum, depending on the composition of the phosphate rock used. In Brazil are generated annually million tons and disposed in landfill or dumpsites sites without suitable destination for the volume generated, which represents a major environmental liability and worsens, progressively, with the need for increased food production. Thus, this research aimed to determine a relationship between temperature and phosphogypsum the calcination time, to study the possibility of adapting their use in construction. For this, calcined phosphogypsum samples were produced with different combinations of temperature and time, and, then were used in the preparation of the molded specimens. These were evaluated in mechanical tests (compressive strength and tensile strength in bending) and physical (water absorption). The best combination of temperature and calcination time was 159°C and 120 minutes, results that expressed the highest mechanical resistance to bending and compression, and the water absorption index met the Brazilian standards adopted in the recommendations for blocks concrete and blocks ceramic. The scientific contribution of this work will be important not only for building, but for the sustainability of the planet, because an industrial waste that is generated in large quantities, can become raw material for the production of building components for buildings, will avoid the need of new controlled landfill sites for its disposal and also, where an industrial residue replaces a raw material, it is noteworthy that, besides the use and eliminate waste landfills, we will stop exploring the raw material replaced, prolonging the "lifespan" the same and/or preserving of areas exploration.
Respostas de Scenedesmus bijugus a nanopartículas de TiO2 em concentrações ambientalmente relevantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-06-16) Mariano, Daniela da Silva; Lombardi, Ana Teresa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0725648167756426
Phytoplankton cells are base of aquatic food webs, so supporting higher trophic levels and helping equilibrium maintenance in such ecosystems. As residues, nano-TiO2 particles reach aquatic environments where they pose risks to the biota. Literature is controversial about the toxicity of nanoparticles to phytoplankton in general and most data obtained so far has been based on nanoparticles concentrations well above those estimated to occur in natural aquatic environments. Because nanoparticles size vary according to its concentrations, and its toxicity and reactivity are largely dependent on its size, investigations of nanoparticles toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations are important for the understanding of these compounds onto phytoplankton cells. On the contrary, investigations using higher concentrations can be meaningless. This study aimed at investigating the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) at environmentally relevant concentrations (5.10-9 to 5.10- 6 mol L-1) on the freshwater Chlorophyceae Scenedesmus bijugus. We present data of a systematic investigation onto the effects of TiO2 nanoparticles to Scenedesmus bijugus focusing on its physiology under controlled laboratory conditions. We evaluated cell density, chlorophyll a concentrations, growth rates, photosynthetic quantum yield of PSII (continue...)