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Influência da redução do tempo de tratamento térmico de homogeneização contínua na microestrutura e qualidade metalúrgica de tarugos de alumínio, liga 6063 e diâmetro de 6”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-28) Corrêa, Renan David; Jorge Júnior, Alberto Moreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6360362248108490; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6496720328311781
The homogenizing heat treatment of aluminium billets has direct influence on extrusion process productivity, surface quality and mechanical properties of extruded shapes. The homogenizing process parameters that impacts on metallurgical properties of 6063 alloys are: temperature, time and cooling rate. The maximum recommended homogenizing temperature for 6063 alloy is 590ºC. The minimum homogenizing time is 2,25h. The minimum cooling rate recommended is 400ºC/h. As for extrusion logs homogenizing process of 6063 6” diameter at Sapa Aluminium Brasil the furnace is a process bottleneck for logs production, this work has investigated about the possibility of time reducing without negative impacts on billet metallurgical properties and without detrimental impacts on productivity of extrusion process and quality of its products. This investigation was done by billet metallographic analysis, cold and hot mechanical tests and extrusion/anodizing trials for different homogenizing time conditions. The results have shown that the time reducing did not cause negative impacts for metallurgical neither for mechanical properties and because of that no detrimental effects for extrusion performance and surface finish and anodized quality was observed. Hence, was possible to decrease 20 minutes on homogenizing time and gain 14,5% of productivity on heat treatment process.
Efeito do treino de curta duração no alcance manual de lactentes a termo e suas implicações clínicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-28) Cunha, Andréa Baraldi; Tudella, Eloisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
Objectives: Part I) To verify the effect of short-term training on reaching behavior in fullterm infants at the onset of reaching. Part II) To know the behavior of reaching, the reaching training protocols in full-term and preterm infants and to adjust these training for children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: In Part I, it was conducted a randomized controlled trial. 30 healthy infants at 3-4 months of age (M =14.0 ±1.6 weeks of age) were randomly assigned to: 1) reaching training group; 2) social training group (control group). The infants were submitted into 3 assessments (kinematics and qualitative) at 45° reclined position (until 5 days after the onset of reaching): 1) Pre-training, before the first session of training; 2) Post-training 1, after the first session of training, at the same day; and 3) Posttraining 2, after three sessions of training, at the following day. To perform the reaching training and social training, the infants were submitted into three short-term sessions of training, one performed on the first day and the two performed on the second day. All infants were seated reclined 45° in the researcher s lap. The infants of training group received three activities of interaction with the object under serial practice (i.e.: ABC, ABC, ABC) in each session. The infants of social group received no reaching training or stimuli for their upper limbs of each session. The variables considered were: characterizing the sample, the total reaching frequency, distal adjustments (hand orientation, hand opening, and surface of the hand contact), and spatio-temporal variables (duration of movement, mean velocity, straightness index, deceleration index, and movement unit). In Part II, we performed a literature review on: the reaching behavior in infants with typical developmental, preterm infants and infants with CP from 0 to 2 years of age; the main techniques of reaching assessment; models of reaching training protocols (immediate and short-term effects) developed for full-term and preterm infants and; on a way of adjusting reaching training for children with CP in clinical practice. Results: In Part I, a training session was effective in increasing the number of reaches and the percentage of reaches with ventral hand, and decreasing the percentage of reaches with closed and dorsal hand. In addition, three training sessions resulted in changes in the spatio-temporal variables (with shorter and more fluent reachs) and increased the percentage of reaches with vertical hand. For Part II, it was highlighted the importance of determining immediate, short, medium and long term goals, planning the therapeutic procedures directed to the goals. In addition, to use and adapt existing training protocols to intervene in infants at risk and / or diagnosis of CP, and others. Conclusions: A few short training sessions under serial varied condiction were effective in improving the reaching performance, such as changes in the number of reaches, in distal adjustments and spatio-temporal reaching variables. These results reflect the flexibility of the perceptual-motor skills development and the important role of experience in the improvement of motor behavior in infants. Furthermore, to direct the interventions to the functional objectives and, to use and adapt existing training protocols, may provide to the professionals one more tool of intervention in infants at risk and / or established diagnosis of CP.
Traçados de caldeiraria no desenvolvimento da geometria no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-28) Dias, Rodrigo Domingos; Sampaio, João Carlos Vieira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8286887389013685
A course of Professional Qualification in Boiler Tracing aims to develop the capacities to calculate, chart, plan parts, prepare technical design, modeling sets and subsets. However the aim of this work is not training in Tracing the Boilers, but working some topics of boiler tracing in order to bring the student to see and better understand some basic concepts of geometry inherent to high school instruction, since in this way he will have the opportunity of a practical activity. We begin by presenting a brief history of geometry, delineating how it has being developed and crafted for thousands of years, and how the evolution of mathematics developed by great characters influenced the development and growth of societies as well as humanity as a whole, and further, how geometry is still crafted in society in general. In this work we examine how and to what extent a more technical classroom professionalizing activity can assist the needs of the curriculum of high school and even more, wondering whether the high school curriculum meets the needs of the contemporary challenges of the 21st. century society, which is increasingly characterized by intensive use of knowledge, either to work, socialize or exercise citizenship. The research methodology used was the Didactical Engineering, that guided us in the creation and use of a planned teaching sequence, in a group of students, for the teaching and learning of geometric concepts, drawn from the observation of the difficulty faced by students to understand these concepts.
Estudo da eletroxidação de CO e metanol sobre eletrodos multicamadas metálicas Ptpc/Rh/Pt
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-28) Silva, Camila Daiane Ferreira da; Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8646821920462899
Fuel cell is an alternative studied in recent years for energy conversion. A problem of this type of device is the choice of anode material and fuel used. Thus, different materials have been proposed besides the pure metals, such as alloys and metallic multilayers, and the direct conversion cell using small organic molecules has received particular attention. In this work we developed metallic multilayer Ptpc/Rh/Pt materials for the electroxidation of methanol and carbon monoxide. The technique used for the characterization of the electrodes and also to study the electroxidation of methanol and carbon monoxide was cyclic voltammetry. In addition, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used in order to characterize the oxidation of methanol on these multilayers. The methanol electroxidation showed an onset potencial shifted towards more negative potencials over Ptpc/Rh/Pt and the peak current density increased about 283% over Ptpc/Rh2.0/Pt1.0 compared to Ptpc. EIS data indicated a lower resistance to charge transfer in the reactions performed on multilayers. Carbon monoxide electroxidation showed a higher current density for all multilayers electrodes when compared to Ptpc.
Síntese de porfirinas contendo grupos do tipo uracil fundidos nas posições β-pirrólicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-28) Fujita, Marta Akemi; Oliveira, Kleber Thiago de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3759761373942891; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0342354416159412
In this work the synthesis of new porphyrin derivatives were proposed. The preparations of new compounds containing uracil groups at β-pirrolic position were studied based on their interest in organics synthesis. We also have performed reactions with metals salt in order to evaluate the different photophysical properties of the porphyrin complex. In the first step was performed the synthesis of precursors 2, 3 and 4 in order to prepare porphyrins 5 and 6 (SCHEME 1). The pyrrole 3 was obtained from the protected uracil 2. For the synthesis of the pyrrole 4, a deprotection was performed before, to yield the compound 3. After the synthesis both 3 and 4, tetramerization reactions were tested under acid conditions, to yield porphyrins 5 and 6 after aromatization. Classic conditions for the porphyrin synthesis were tested aiming at the obtainment of porphyrinoids in good yields, thus a systematic study was performed. Until this part, only the porphyrin 5a was obtained. And the synthesis of the compound 5a, we have observed a regioisomer mixture through the 1H NMR. It was expected since pyrrole 3 was not symmetric. (CONTINUE.......)