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Influência da adição de Nb, Ti e Zr nas propriedades de fluência da liga HP fundida por centrifugação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-05)
Andrade, Antonio Rafael de
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3878393158100376
This work aimed to evaluate the influence caused by Nb single addition and by Nb-Ti and Nb-Zr combined addition in the high temperature mechanical properties of a centrifugally cast HP alloy. Particular investigation was carried out on creep and hot tensile properties in the temperature range between 900 to 1100 oC. Seamless tubes were casted by horizontal centrifugal process with the following nominal composition 0.50C-25Cr-35Ni, 0.50C-25Cr-35Ni-1Nb, 0.50C- 25Cr-35Ni-1Nb-0.1Ti e 0.50C-25Cr-35Ni-1Nb-0.1Zr. These 04 alloys were evaluated using the following techniques differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical and electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical characterization was performed by elevated temperature tension tests with 3 different strain rates and constant load creep rupture test in the stress range of 65 to 15 MPa and comprising rupture times between 10 to 2000 hours, with or without extensometer using. The results were interpreted using classical methodologies (Norton, Arrhenius, Monkman-Grant, Larson-Miller, and others). The results shown that these elements addition did not change significantly the macrostructure, but they played an important role on formation, fragmentation, size, quantity, distribution, coarsening and coalescence on the carbides in the microstructure. Additions also refined the dendritic arm space. These microstructural changes led to a different mechanical behavior in each alloy. In the elevated temperature tension tests the Nb addition led to the highest values for mechanical resistance. On the other hand, Nb-Ti and Nb-Zr addition presented the highest time to rupture in creep tests, but in opposite conditions of temperature and stress.
Influência da adição de BaTiO3 nas propriedades estruturais, elétricas e anelásticas de cerâmicas piezoelétricas de Bi0,5Na0,5TiO3-BaTiO3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-07)
Diaz, Julio Cesar Camilo Albornoz
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Silva Junior, Paulo Sergio da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7418621942217628
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5796421075622433
Motivated by the great growth presented in the last decade in research on lead-free piezoelectric ceramics and the fact that some ceramic systems, as those based on bismuth, have been identified as promising candidates to substitute the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) in their present technological applications, was proposed as the objective of this work, study the effect of adding 𝐵𝑎𝑇 𝑖𝑂3 (BT) on the structural, electrical and anelastic properties exhibit by the system (1−𝑥)𝐵𝑖0.5𝑁𝑎0.5𝑇𝑖𝑂3−𝑥𝐵𝑎𝑇 𝑖𝑂3 (BNT-BT). The structural characterization was performed by the techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The morphological and compositional aspects (qualitative), in the calcined powders, and the sintered samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ferroelectric and dielectric character of the compositions were obtained through characterization of ferroelectric hysteresis exhibit and using the technique of electrical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. Phase transitions and the possible mechanisms of anelastic relaxation were studied by the technique of mechanical spectroscopy. Samples were obtained by the method of solid state reaction, where it was possible to obtain compositions with 0.00 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0.08 with relative density greater than 95% and without the presence of spurious or secondary phases. On profiles of X-ray diffraction for the different studied sintered compositions was applied the method of Rietvelt refinement which allow the determination and confirmation of the crystal structures in the samples under study, and the presence of a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) for the BNT-BT. The XRD results were corroborated by the results of Raman spectroscopy. The ferroelectric nature of the different compositions of BNT-BT system studied was confirmed. Electrical phase transitions (F-Af and Af-P) and structural transitions (R-T and T-C) exhibited by the BNT-BT were characterized by mechanical spectroscopy (using a dynamical mechanical analyzer (DMA)), and by electrical impedance spectroscopy, employing the results in complementing the electrical and structural phase diagram of this system. In addition to the phase transitions obtained, the technique of mechanical spectroscopy for compositions between 0.00 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0.03, allowed the observation of a complex process of anelastic relaxation that was associated with interactions and mobility of different defects present, which possibly contribute significantly to an increase of conductivity in these materials, which had not been previously reported in the literature.
Recuperação de fosfolipídeos residuais do farelo desengordurado de soja
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-07)
Siqueira, Paula Fernandes de
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Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5011-9881
;
Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo
In soybean processing industry, oil extraction with hexane generates defatted meal. Next, soybean protein concentrate (SPC) production from the defatted meal by using ethanol solution generates alcoholic micelle as a byproduct. Following stages of ethanol recovery and concentration of that micelle, a sugared product called soybean molasses is produced. Observations of the presence of a viscous fraction (precipitate) in storage tanks of alcoholic micelle were the reason of this study which aimed at recovery of that phospholipids-rich material, main components of lecithin which presents high value in the market of soybean derivatives. So, the work was divided into three stages: development of technology, laboratory testing, and industrial testing. First of all, an analytical method by liquid chromatography for quantification of phospholipids was developed and validated. Next, assays in laboratory scale were worked out in order to evaluate the efficiency of phospholipids extraction from soybean defatted meal in different solvent systems, besides studying the behavior of each phospholipid in the system of solvent selected and the correlation between phospholipid extraction and protein concentration. The extraction process of residual phospholipids from defatted meal was studied by using varied mixtures of solvents. The following yields were obtained, in % (m phospholipids/m meal): 0.42 ± 0.01 (Hexane), 1.44 + 0.03 (Hexane: Ethanol 4:1), 1.08 ± 0.07 (Chloroform: Methanol 2:1), 1.48 ± 0.01 (Ethanol 75% v/v). As the extraction with 75% ethanol was the most efficient, the ethanol system : water was more deeply studied, because that is also the system used in SPC production. By varying the ethanol concentration, the best condition of extraction (70% v/v ethanol) enabled a recovery of 1.53 ± 0.02% (m/m) of phospholipids in the extract and 71.69% (m/m) of protein in solid fraction. Solubility of phospholipids was also tested in aqueous ethanol and remained between 0.499 g/L in 50% ethanol (v/v) at 25oC and 6.225 g/L in 90% (v/v) ethanol at 75oC. At last, industrial tests were carried out, in order to observe the production of material from actual conditions of process. Tests carried out were on micelle centrifugation and gum recovery (lecithin), and on drying of material obtained in continuous drier, besides analytical and commercial assays of the product, pure or as component of chocolates. It was possible to obtain a lecithin within commercial specifications, with high quality, and a yield of recovery of approximately 18.7 g lecithin to each kilogram of dried defatted meal. Results from this work showed the possibility of utilization of a residue from the soybean protein concentrate present in residual alcoholic micelle of the process.
Polímeros de hidrogéis com água de reúso e de abastecimento no desenvolvimento de mudas de espécies arbóreas da floresta estacional semidecidual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-07)
Ferreira, Alexandre José Domingues
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Penha, Alessandra dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9799774247477252
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6154403932271449
The seasonal semideciduous forests from southeastern Brazil have high plant species richness, but have been strongly affected by human interferences, which let them very degraded: nowadays they are represented by small isolated fragments, immersed in a landscape dominated by agriculture and large urban centers. In this sense, the ecology of restoration arises in order to facilitate, accelerate and direct the processes of secondary succession to manage such areas, considering the knowledge about theoretical concepts that aim to review the effectiveness of natural ecosystem management techniques and practices. In such a perspective, we aimed in this experiment to test the following question: During de production of seedlings of the native forest tree species, Ceiba speciosa (Malvaceae) and Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Bignoniaceae), different dilutions of hydrogel associated to irrigation with reused water, could improve their development? To answer this question, we selected three treatments (1g, 4g and 8g of hydrogel), beyond the witness (no hydrogel). The seedlings of both species were irrigated during one month with water reused and water supply. After this period, we estimated the growth of seedlings: roots, height and diameter. We used ANOVA (p = 0.001), and Tukey s test to verify significative differences between the mean of the treatments. We found significative differences in both height and diameter growth from 4g of hydrogel as to C. speciosa as H. heptaphyllus. In relation to the growth of root system of both tree species, the mean of superficial root area differed significantly from 4g of hydrogel when compared to the witness, confirming our initial assumption that the roots would grow in a lower proportion of area because they are in their hydric comfort zone. With such results added to theoretical knowledge in the ecology of restoration, the association of hydrogels with reused water comes to stand up for the sustainable use of water in the irrigation of native seedlings.
Reações de adição conjugada de indóis e oxindóis empregando organocatálise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-07)
Silva, Rodrigo César da
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Paixão, Márcio Weber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123398279809365
Organocatalysis has emerged as a powerful synthetic tool which accelerated the development of new methods to obtain symmetric and asymmetric molecules. Furthermore, the use of small organic molecules such as amino acids derivatives, ureas, thioureas and squaramides are the leading characters in this area. In the present work, we designed a new class of organocatalysts, acting as hydrogen bond donors activation mode and subsequently catalytic activity was evaluated in the Michael addition type reactions of indoles to nitrostyrene. The synthetic route for obtaining the organocatalysts was extremely short, providing the product in just a single synthetic step in excellent yields. (CONTINUA...)
Otimização do processo de soldagem por fricção por ponto (FSpW) de soldas de materiais similares e dissimilares de ligas leves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-07)
Piccolo, Debora Regina Gastaldi
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3586398504200450
Currently there is a lot of pressure in the aeronautical and automobilistic transport section in order to reduce the fuel consumption and consequently cost and gas emissions. This measure has increased in the last years the use of light alloys, as the alluminium s alloys and of more efficient methods for joining them. Nevertheless, there is some difficult in joining these alloys using the conventional methods. The Friction Spot Welding (FSpW) is a solid state joining technique, that has great advantages regarding others joining techniques, and therefore could be a viable alternative to replace the established technologies as Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) and riveting, which are widely used by the automotive industry. The present works aims to study, through the Friction Spot Welding process (FSpW), the similar welding conditions of AA5754-H111 aluminium alloy and also the dissimilar welds between AA5754-H111 aluminium alloy and AZ31-O magnesium alloy. The influence of process parameters over the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the welded joints, as well as, the optimization of the welding process were evaluated. The joints were produced in overlap configuration through a different combination of parameters, which were established by statistical methods for design of experiments, and later submitted to mechanical and metallurgical characterization. The results proved the feasibility of joining the similar and dissimilar plates of aluminium AA5754 and magnesium AZ31 through FSpW process. The similar joints showed great results of shear strength. However, in the dissimilar joints, the utilization of a zinc interlayer, in spite of leading to a great superficial finishing, didn t effectively decrease the amount of intermetallic compounds formed in the joint as it was expected, leading to low values of shear strength.
Regulamentar para quê(m)? As representações sociais de prostitutas sobre a regulamentação da "profissão"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-07)
Afonso, Mariana Luciano
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4148954960536963
The general theme of this research is prostitution, known by common sense as the "oldest profession in the world", and always surrounded by much controversy, both nationally and internationally. Historically, the states are divided between their prohibition or regulation. Some social groups claim that prostitution should be regulated and recognized as a "job like any other," while others consider its exercise as a form of exploitation and commodification of the female body and expression of unequal power relations between men and women. Nationally, prostitution is already included in the Brazilian Code of Occupations, indexed with number 5198-05 in the category of "service provider". The Brazilian Penal Code does not criminalize the prostitutes, but punishes pimping. Since 1997 four law projects were shown to regulate prostitution, after many discussions, however, did not come to a conclusion about them, which seems to reflect the divergences in society about the subject. In 2012, Jean Wyllys proposed PL 4211/2012 which is currently in progress. In this interim, we propose to investigate what the main affected, the prostitutes themselves, think about the question. The theoretical and methodological framework is the Theory of Social Representations. The empirical field where this research was conducted is the central area of Sorocaba (SP), the region is historically known for sheltering prostitution. The subjects of this research are seven low-income prostitutes that exert their activity on the streets of this area. To understand the social representations of the subjects, direct observations were made and registered in a field diary and in-depth interviews, with semi-structured script were conducted. Institutions of the city with close contact with these women have been mapped: One of the Security Councils of Sorocaba, composed by tradespeople and police, one religious association, that is wing of the Catholic Church, and one Non- Governmental Organization (NGO), which works with Damage Reduction policy. Interviews with representatives of these institutions were conducted and documents produced by them were analyzed. To further understand the national context in which the theme is located, the content of the law projects, and the forces against and in favor of regulation were investigated, especially between State, Church, and social movements. It s concluded that the social representations of prostitutes are far from these speeches, and it s anchored in their own experience. They didn t know the particularities of each one of the law projects and they are against the regulation of prostitution.
Análise de um método de elementos finitos com interface estabilizada para a equação de advecção - reação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-07)
Leiva, Rosalia Taboada
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Rodrigues, Savio Brochini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1302085627916721
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849264231932809
In this study we present an interface stabilised finite element method for the scalar advection-reaction equation... (CONTINUA - VER NO PDF)
Laminação em atmosfera inerte de ligas à base de magnésio para armazenagem de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-08)
Lago, Milton Luis do
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Ishikawa, Tomaz Toshimi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5726055117451807
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7895347968659345
In recent decades, the use of energy presented strong growth due to the need of supplying the daily energy consumption of approximately seven billion people. To solve this problem, it has been investigated the nature, alternative energy sources which respect the environmental issues, to provide social and technological development without negative impacts on the environment. Several processing routes have been investigated in recent years in order to overcome the obstacles of storage and availability of hydrogen as a clean, safe, cost effective and of easy manipulation energy source. The solid state reaction of magnesium and hydrogen gas produces the magnesium hydride compound which provides safe manipulation, high volumetric and gravimetric densities when compared to other traditional forms of storage (liquid or gas), coming out to be promising for being used on an industrial scale as energy carrier for mobile application. However, conventional processing routes produce a material which requires the use of high temperatures during cycling, as well as low speed of the kinetics of absorption and desorption of hydrogen gas, which limits its possibility of application. This work aims to improve the properties of magnesium alloys by cold rolling under inert atmosphere. To achieve this goal, it was developed a laminator equipped with speed control of cylinders that has capacity of 1.1 kilowatts, which works inside a glovebox. The equipment allows producing, by severe plastic deformation, voluminous magnesium-bases samples to storage hydrogen gas, under controlled atmosphere in order to avoid the incorporation of gaseous and/or solid impurities usually found on other viii routes of processing. Structural characterization of the processed samples was performed by techniques of analysis of XRD, SEM and TEM. The hydrogen storage properties were evaluated by DSC and measurements of PCT.
Ação do tratamento com Mentha piperita L. e Harpagophytum procumbens contra Schistosoma mansoni - in vitro: análise proteômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-08)
Correia, Ricardo de Oliveira
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1683990324591251
Mansonic schistosomiasis is a disease that infected more than 240 million people worldwide, it is caused by Schistosoma mansoni. It is the second only to malaria in public health importance. The only drug currently effective against S. mansoni is Praziquantel (PQZ), however, has been reported strains of S. mansoni with loss of sensitivity. Such reports reinforce the need to develop new safer treatment against S. mansoni. The natural compounds are important to develop new drugs. Mentha piperita L. also known as peppermint, studies reported the treatment as antiparasitic diseases (for example giardiasis). In ours laboratory showed a decrease of inflammatory process of schistosomiasis in a murine model after treatment with ethanolic extract of M. piperita. However don´t know nothing about action of this plant against adult worms of S. mansoni. Harpagophytum procumbens is a plant that has origins in Africa, studies showed promising results antibacterial and against rheumatism diseases, but has no studies against schistosomiasis. In this study we evaluated effect of ethanolic extract of H. procumbens and ethanolic extract of Mentha piperita L. and its fractions against Schistosoma mansoni, its observed for optical microscopic and change in protein expression, after in vitro assay. It was observed that all extract and its fraction caused the motor activity reduction and separation of couple worms. Exceptions of hydroalcoholic fraction of M. piperita, S. mansoni adult worms were death after treatment. We observed that ethanolic extract of H. procumbens showed more promising results when compared with M. piperita. And we observed that ethyl acetate shoed more promising result than ethanolic extract of M. piperita and its other fractions.In this work was observed change in protein expression in 2D gel electrophoresis after all ethanolic extractions and fractions treatment. The proteins in gel electrophoresis have been identified by mass spectrometry. The mass spectrometry assay showed important proteins for S. mansoni homeostasis and possible therapeutic target, for example actin, enolasis, fructose-biphosphate aldolase, and others important proteins. These results indicate that these plants may be anthelmintic activity against S. mansoni. However, it has need for more studies to complete undesiring of these extract against S. mansoni.
Gestão de suprimentos e oportunidades de melhoria: estudo de caso em uma montadora de equipamentos médico-odontológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-08)
Baptista, Sergio Alexandre
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Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7205530534286356
The importance of supply management for the medical-dental equipaments assemblers due to its contribution to the success of their business strategies, since more efficient delivery operations ensure the profitability of these companies. Such operations are based on the supply of parts and components with the desired quality in the required quantity, on schedule and at competitive costs. This paper analyzes the supply management of a medical-dental equipaments assembler, aiming to propose improvements in the practices currently adopted and thereby increase the performance of this important role at the company studied. To fulfill this objective, first developed a theoretical framework in order to develop a thorough knowledge of the subject, studied the industry and also to establish a conceptual framework focused on field research. Was then carried out a case study in the exploratory character of the analyzed company. The description of the results involved a comparison of the practices adopted in the enterprise with the theory of supply management, allowing the proposition of improvements, as gaps, which should provide the elevation of performing this important function in the company studied were found.
Método para prognóstico do consumo de materiais em instalações prediais elétricas utilizando sistemas inteligentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-11)
Milion, Raphael Negri
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Paliari, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9474661381756524
Given the importance of forecasting costs in early stages of architectural projects, when it is possible to make changes in the product design and therefore obtain changes in the production costs, and also due to the difficulty of electrical-material consumption prognosis, this research proposes models for predicting electrical-material consumption used in buildings electrical installations. It was used artificial neural networks, an inteligent system, and conventional methods, such as linear regression and consumption rates for the prognostic models. The available data were collected from projects feasibility study and draft design. The research method includes the following steps: a) creation of a database with information collected in quantitatives used for estimates, b) data analysis and preprocessing for use in inteligent and conventional systems, c) attribute selection for best feature identification, i.e, for identifying features with high ability to influence the prognosis and d) development of the models and performance analysis, comparing the predicted values with the actual values. The developed models improves the consumption prognosis performance when compared with common prognostic tools. Current tools consists in multiplying quantitatives by a comsumption rate. Also, the novel models allows more cautious decision-making in projects early design phases, allowing greater awareness of costs impacts. It is expected that this metodology could be used for predicting other building materials.
Estudos de poligalacturonases do fungo mutualista Leucoagaricus gongylophorus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-12)
Golfeto, Camilla Calemi
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Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9969351629353020
Polygalacturonases (PGases) are enzymes which hydrolyze glycosidic linkages - 1,4 between pectic acid residues, and are produced by plants, fungi, bacteria and yeasts. The fungus L. gongylophorus, Atta sexdens ant mutualist, secretes enzymes with PGase activity. The project was developed in two approaches: study with recombinant and native PGase. The activity on polygalacturonic acid of native PGase in fungus culture medium was determined, and its purification from crude extract was performed by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and molecular exclusion chromatography. PGase kinetic parameters (Vmax and KM), optimal pH and temperature were determined, and the enzyme was immobilized on magnetic particles, proved to be a good method to future work inhibitors search. A cDNA library was constructed from total RNA obtained from L. gongylophorus culture in induction medium. 816 clones from the library were sequenced, allowing the identification of enzymes sequences involved in the plant cell wall degradation, some already in cloning and expression in our laboratory. Using a deposited L. gongylophorus PGase (PGase-Lg) sequence (GenBank: ADV30326.1), primers were designed to amplify the PGase-Lg gene, with cleavage sites for EcoRI, HindIII and NotI enzymes, respecting the pETSUMO (for E. coli expression) and pPICZA (for P.pastoris expression) reading phase vectors. From the cDNA, the PGase-Lg ORF encoding was amplified by PCR and cloned in both vectors. The clones were confirmed by plasmid DNA extraction and PCR. E. coli expression experiments of pETSUMO-PGase-Lg construction showed a great expression of His.tag-SUMO.tag-Lg-PGase fusion protein in the insoluble form and many expression and solubility assays were inefficient in solubility of expressed fusion protein. The protein refolding was performed and this was obtained in soluble form but lacks PGase activity, showing that folding may not have been correctly or E. coli fusion protein expressed does not undergo post-translational modifications to have enzymatic activity. The rPGase-Lg expressed in P. pastoris showed PGase activity on polygalacturonic acid and electrophoresis analysis suggest more than one enzyme expression, with different glycosylation content.
Alteridade e alienação: os impasses da intersubjetividade na filosofia de Sartre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-12)
Santos, Vinícius dos
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1422927411438060
From the consciousness that comes across the objectification of the other s gaze in Being and nothingness, to the social life practical reciprocities of Critique of the dialectical reason, Sartre s thought is increasingly taken by a deepened reflection about the otherness. In fact, over the years, sartrean theory is gradually characterized by the challenge of explaining the nuances of intersubjectivity, permanently supported in the major axis of his work: freedom. However, this movement will never be ease the dialog with Marx, for instance, being the climax of this tension. That s why its investigation becomes a prime key to understand the entirety and the depth of his work which also means to point its potential explanatory limits and its intrinsic contradictions. In this sense, the goal of the thesis is critically inquire the conceptual nexus of Sartre s philosophy, its force lines and its weaknesses, from the point of view of the otherness. In doing so, we intend to reveal the impasses caused by the problem of the other in the sartrean thought, which is concentrated in the essential, never changed conception of the original experience of the otherness as alienation. In other words, our proposal is to discuss the assimilation between otherness and alienation throughout sartrean s work.
Composição da fauna de mamíferos não voadores presente em um remanescente florestal no munícipio de Ribeirão Bonito, São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-13)
Dias, Willian Alexandre Ferreira
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Garavello, Júlio César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2778105126670170
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8906511795425295
The São Paulo State is suffering an urban and rural expansion that has been causing fragmentation and isolation of Cerrado domain in forest remaining. Most of these occupied areas in São Paulo State have put the vertebral animals, mainly the mammals, in danger. The aim of this study was do the mastofauna survey present in a forest fragment with 260 ha located in Ribeirão Bonito municipality in this State, relate this fauna with the vegetation that compose the forest fragment and collect biological data and information about mastofauna conservation. Were performed 33 field visits for the sampling and the methodology consisted in mammals observations and capture. The observations were made by active search, allowing research mammals of medium and large size, and the mammals capture utilized pitfall for small mammals study, both carried out in the period between February 20013 and January 2014. The studied fragment can be classified as a transition area among Cerradão and Semideciduous forest, where were identified 114 plant species. Were identified 16 species of non-flying mammals of various sizes, ranging from small to large, and grouped in 10 families (Didelphidae, Canidae, Felidae, Procyonidae, Dasypodidae, Cricetidae, Hydrochoerinae, Cervidae, Tapiridae and Atelidae) belonging to seven orders (Didelphimorphia, Carnivora, Cingulata, Rodentia, Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla and Primates). Among this species identified in the study area, highlight sensitive species to anthropic pressure like Tapirus terrestris e Lycalopex vetulus. Analysis showed influence of plant species composition and richness in the distribution of small mammals within the forest fragment studied.
Mineração de genes em regiões genômicas bovinas associadas à resistência ao carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-13)
Catoia, Vitor
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Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8745400308294828
The Brazilian cattle industry is presented as highlighted on the world stage and the significant participation of this productive sector in the economy means that there is concern with production losses, among which stands out those caused by infestation of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, main ectoparasite vector cattle and various diseases. The genetic variability for resistance to the cattle tick shows that this trait can be genetically improved. For the execution of this work, it was used a study of genome wide association (GWAS) for resistance to Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, performed by Dr. Fernando Flores Cardoso, with 260 Hereford and 500 Braford animals. The monitoring of the infestation was accomplished by counting tick females larger than 4.5 mm from one of the animal's body side, and the degree of infestation was evaluated for each animal by averaging at least two consecutive counts, with intervals of approximately thirty days, in the months of highest incidence of the parasite. The animals were genotyped using a 50K SNP chip, and it was found a total of 37,346 SNPs that passed in quality test. Among these markers, 178 showed significant effects and allowed the mining of 175 genes in these regions, at an interval of 200 Kb (100 Kb for each side of each marker). Most of these polymorphisms associated with the trait is located in regions without defined functions (intronic and intergenic), and only one of them is located in the splicing region. The most significant regions of the GWAS were identified on chromosomes 7, 21 and 23, which were found 72 genes in linkage disequilibrium with the molecular markers. Therefore, a functional annotation of the genes on these 3 chromosomes was performed, allowing the choice of 11 candidate genes for the study of various metabolic pathways in which they are inserted. Among these pathways, the most important are those related to immune responses, secretion and intracellular transport, calcium influx and epidermal growth and differentiation.
Exemplos de T-espaços e T-ideais infinitamente gerados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-14)
Urure, Ronald Ismael Quispe
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Gonçalves, Dimas José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1668407948840456
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6520475883577474
Let F be a field of characteristic p ≥ 3. Denote by F0(X) and F1(X) the free associative algebras without and with unity, respectively, freely generated by the infinite set X. In this dissertation we study T-spaces and T-ideals infinitely generated. In [2] the mathematicians Aladova and Krasilnikov exhibited in F0(X) a T-ideal infinitely generated that contains the polynomial x2p. In [9], the mathematicians Goncalves, Krasilnikov and Sviridova exhibited in Fi(X) limits T-spaces when F is infinite. The objective of this dissertation is to study the results of the two papers cited above.
Produção de sentidos e de significados de estudantes do ensino médio sobre o conceito de volume e capacidade de prismas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-14)
Magalhães, Marcos Hirota
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Sousa, Maria do Carmo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5031532275444654
The objective of this research is to analyze the production of feelings and meanings that high-school students experience when enrolled in activities related to the concept of the Prisma Volume. The activities were organized by the teacher and considered the contents of composition and decomposition of figures. During the development of the manipulatives activities, for example, the golden material was used. Acrylic prisms were also used so that students could manipulate and calculate their volumes. The research is qualitative and can be characterized as a Case Study. The question guiding this study is: what are the feelings and the meanings that can be produced by high-school students when they experience educational activities while studying the concept of Materials Volume? The survey was conducted in a private school in São Carlos-SP, where classes were filmed and, after the development of activities, an analysis of their speeches and writings was held based on the interactions within the classroom with the teacher s mediation. Students performed three activities in thirteen classes, which were divided didactically, to be analyzed in the form of teaching episodes. Thus, information that enabled the understanding of what is interpreted to be the production of feelings and meanings made by students were pooled. Results suggest that the production of feelings and meanings explicited by the students are related to the skill of spatial visualization of the prism and its constituent elements, such as: measurement, size, composition area and perimeter.
Who Am I? uma arquitetura para a coleta, modelagem e oferta de perfis de usuários para a computação ubíqua
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-14)
Alencar, Tatiana Silva de
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Almeida, Vânia Paula de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0149606919335608
One of the core requirements of Ubiquitous Computing is to be user context aware for software solutions developed may be adapted to the different skills and capabilities of users, with regard to physical and cognitive characteristics and interaction preferences. However, the focus of research has been in adapting the systems to different devices. The adaptation to different users profiles still demands further investigation, especially on how to understand and model the physical and cognitive characteristics, and users preferences. It is possible to find several studies that present user profiles models in the literature. Some of these models include a large set of features related to the users. However, only a few works provide an indication of how the information about the user is captured and how the profile already mapped in the model is turned available for applications. Moreover, these models do not take into account the user's interaction needs and preferences, since they only focus on personal information, physiological state, demographics etc. Thus, this work aims to support the flexibility of ubiquitous systems, considering different user profiles, facilitating the collection and delivery of these profiles for ubiquitous computing. To achieve this goal we defined the "Who Am I?" architecture to meet the users diversity by considering their interaction needs and preferences as part of the adopted user profile model; enables the collection of user profiles by means of a collector; and allows communication between the collector and the ubiquitous systems of an interoperable manner. To evaluate the feasibility of this architecture and verify that it meets the diversity of users, a case study was conducted with two scenarios of use. In the first scenario, a bus stop system and the second, a simulation for a smart kitchen was developed. The evaluation of the two software solutions developed was performed with real users and included both technical and emotional aspects. The results indicate that the interaction with both solutions through "Who Am I?" architecture gave satisfaction and motivation in users, and that communication and the adaptation of ubiquitous systems are given appropriately.
Efeito fundador em populações de cativeiro: o caso do urso de óculos (Tremarctos ornatus Cuvier, 1825) e seu significado para o manejo e futura conservação ex situ
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-14)
Corrêa, Mariana Coletto
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5069534293364740
Species kept in captivity are of great importance for in situ conservation of natural populations. In order to fulfill this role, they need to be properly managed with the aim to avoid the consequences of a captive environment, such as: loss of genetic diversity, inbreeding depression, accumulation of deleterious alleles and genetic adaptation to captivity (the first three due to the small number of breeding stock). Thus, with the aim to test founder effects in captive ―populations‖, we used as study model the spectacled bears from Brazilian zoos. This ―population‖ consists of twenty-one bears found in eight zoos along the country, which are originated from just twelve founding individuals. To test a possible founder effect, we analyzed twelve heterologous microsatellite loci for all the specimens of the species in Brazil. Results for the number of alleles and allelic richness obtained through the rarefaction method showed that spectacled bears in captivity have reduced levels of allelic richness in relation to three natural populations (Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela) studied by other authors; suggesting that bears from Brazilian zoos suffered the consequences of a founding effect, as they have only a fraction of the gene pool of the ancestral population. From the information present in the studbook was possible to verify that there are two families of spectacled bears, and according to the individuals´s multilocus genotypes, we found alleles that are present in a same family and absent in the other. Regarding the kinship, there was a discrepancy in the results with the molecular estimators through the softwares ML-Relate and Coancestry and the information given by the institutions. The information obtained in this work are fundamental to the ex situ conservation program in Brazil with the objective of maintain as high as possible the genetic diversity for future reintroduction plans of the species in nature.