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A relação gestão escolar e trabalho docente: estudo de caso numa escola municipal de Votorantim/SP.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-19) Araújo, Tiago Antônio de; Nascimento, Fabrício do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3496410597486943; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5810317013662335; Nogueira, Eliete Jussara; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6088236482148682; Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279; Varani, Adriana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2971233303849752
In this work we present a qualitative study conducted in a municipal elementary school located in the city of Votorantim (SP). Informants participated in the survey as the team manager (director and education coordinator) and four teachers who teach in the early grades of elementary school. The main objectives of the research were: to determine whether the educational activities of the management team interfere in teaching developed in the studied school, see how the management team has been trying to implement improvements in the educational processes, and also the principles of a democratic management are used by the management team on ways to manage and organize the school. As an instrument of data collection, semistructured interviews, participant observation of the context of the subject and document analysis of school records were made. The data obtained in the investigative process were organized into categories for analysis, according to the research questions previously developed. As a result, it is concluded that the school management team seeks to engage democratically with the community, teachers, staff and students, so that its action seeks to collaborate with the teaching work, given the participatory work with teachers, in which subjects and anxieties brought on the context of the classroom are discussed and referrals are collectively determined.
Atividades e problemas de geometria espacial para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-19) Grillo, Jean Daniel; Paterlini, Roberto Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240750958932738
This dissertation presents as the main product a didactic proposal for spatial geometry classes in high school. The motivation for creating this proposal began with the observation of the author that the approach of spatial geometry only with the lecture method is not sufficient to provide an effective construction of abstract geometric objects. The proposal starts with planning of experiments in geometric solids, particularly the cube, with the aim of promoting the construction of abstract geometrical objects of three dimensions. In following problems using these lesson plans for solving some challenges that combine the visualization unfolds with the space object, as well as provide the contextualization of spatial geometry are proposed. The proposal is focused on the idea of proposing non-traditional activities, in which students work in groups to develop proposals with the least possible interference from the teacher. The proposal also adopts suggestions from official documents such as the National Curricular Parameters (PCN) and Curricular Proposal of the State of São Paulo, as well as authors and researchers, indicate that the use of experimentation and problem solving. For this didactic proposal was implemented by constructing "Activity Sheets" containing the activities to be performed by students with enough information for them to understand and can answer questions. These sheets were applied to three classes of high school and the results analyzed to enable the validation of educational product with eventual correction. We believe that students performed well the tasks and the work was important for their learning. There were some difficulties on their part and we interpret that this happened because they never had prior contact with this form of study. We understand that our educational product is validated with this application and we can make them available to fellow teachers, who can directly apply in similar circumstances to our pedagogical or adaptations in other environments.
Estudo de fibras de folhas de abacaxis (gênero Ananas) e sua utilização em compósitos biodegradáveis com matriz de poli(ácido lático) (PLA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-19) Sena Neto, Alfredo Rodrigues de; Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5212303626376503
In this work natural fibers from new pineapple varieties were studied aiming at their application as mechanical reinforcement for green polymer composites. Eighteen varieties of pineapple leave fibers (PALFs) were then characterized in terms of their morphology, structural arrangement (cellulose crystallinity index (Ic) and microfibril angle), chemical composition (extractives, lignin, holocellulose, cellulose and hemicellulose contents), mechanical properties (tensile strength, elastic modulus and fracture strain) and thermal stability. The studied PALFs had low microfibril angles and high Ic. Their elastic modulus, tensile strength and degradation temperature onset ranged between 15GPa-86GPa, 212MPa-1309MPa, 240°C 272ºC, respectively. All these parameters enabled to nominate the eighteen PALFs as suitable reinforcements for polymers. Close relationships between cellulose, holocellulose and Ic values, and thermal and mechanical properties of PALFs were found out, what provided guidelines for direct selection and/or to support a genetic improvement program of the Ananas genus. An example of such a methodology was presented in this work. The fiber from the pineapple variety called "Potyra" was selected to produce biodegradable composites with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) through injection molding. The Potyra fibers were before hand treated with alkaline solution in order to improve their interfacial compatibility with PLA. The treated Potyra fibers-reinforced composite exhibited an increased elastic modulus from 1,9 GPa to 3,5GPa, tensile strength from 58,8 to 69,6MPa, and notched impact strength from 2,57kJ/m2 to 4,26kJ/m2 in comparison to the pure PLA matrix. The HDT of the PLA was also incremented by 10% due to the fiber incorporation. These findings confirmed the promising potential of Potyra fibers as reinforcements in green composite technologies.