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PSF e ODM: a influência do Programa Saúde da Família para os estados brasileiros atingirem a meta de mortalidade na infância dos objetivos de desenvolvimento do milênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-24) Pedro, Márcio Vinícius; Justo, Carolina Raquel Duarte de Mello; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9209489935777843; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2060331534435669
What influence Family Health Program‟ (in portuguese, Programa Saúde da Família, or PSF) had on Brazilian states in their attempt to achieve the Millennium Development Goals - especially on reducing infant mortality until 2015? In 2000, the United Nations along with global leaders established an international research agenda with eight Millennium Development Goals, intending to promote human dignity. The purpose of the present thesis is to evaluate the influence of the Family Health Program - the main strategy to reformulate the basic care - in reducing child mortality within Brazilian states. For this matter, I analyze descriptive and inferential statistics, with bi and multivariate techniques, and data from DATASUS, IBGE and SIGO databases. The present thesis covers the period from 2000 to 2011, when Brazil reached the goal. Throughout this time ten states went above the goal specified by ODM (1,79): in all of them the Program had low range. However, the states with higher PSF range presented higher average rates of reduction of infant mortality. Overall, the hypothesis that PSF has a positive influence on reducing infant mortality rate can be confirmed, considering that the states with higher reduction of the rate had a higher proportion of population benefiting from the PSF.
“Contrariando a estatística”: a tematização dos homicídios pelos jovens negros no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-24) Ramos, Paulo César; Silvério, Valter Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5326866987114044
Homicides in Brazil have become a major social problem in recent decades. Young black males are the main victims. This paper presents a genealogy of the way black young people have brought the theme of murder and violence against blacks to the national agenda, from spaces of social participation, the black social movement and public youth policies. We conducted about 20 interviews with militants from black movements and other actors related to the topic. We also use data from fieldwork and participant observation, as well as reports, manifests, pamphlets and photographs, in order to understand when and how long these problems have been thematized. We tried to reflect on how the black movement thematicises violence / murder, its limits and potentials, contradictions and innovations in dialogue with social theory about recognition, identity and race relations. It has been possible to identify important moments of the trajectory of black movement, for example: violence as a reason for both performing public acts and for the emergence of organizations, such as the Unified Black Movement (MNU) until the 2000s; violence as the strongest theme of rap lyrics; and, in the last 15 years, violence / homicides against black youth as a central reason for the emergence of black youth as a new category of political action. In this work, gained prominence the Youth Alive Plan (2012-2013), the Working Group Black Youth and Public Policies of the National Youth Council (2008-2010), and The First National Conference of Black Youth (2005-2008) . Among the various ways of categorizing this issue, the term "genocide" draws attention - the was first used by Abdias do Nascimento to denounce racism and it is now widely used by social movements. Among the various forms of organization of young blacks, the claim for leadership of a brand new generation of militants is also emerging, with a set of experiences that allow them to create semantic bridges to act on the institutional sphere and demand public policies against violence.