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Incorporando dados espaciais vagos em data warehouses geográficos: a proposta do tipo abstrato de dados vaguegeometry
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-09) Carniel, Anderson Chaves; Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6350698053529179
A data warehouse is a solution for organizing and storing multidimensional data related to decision-making processes in companies, generating a historical, highly voluminous, subject-oriented and nonvolatile database. A geographic data warehouse (GDW) additio¬nally to the conventional data storage (i.e. numeric and alphanumeric data), stores spatial data as attributes in dimension tables or as measures in fact tables, storing data represented by geometries. Points, lines and polygons are examples of spatial data types. While spatial data currently stored in GDWs are crisp, i.e., they have exact location in the space, strict interiors and well-defined boundaries, geographic applications have required the storage of vague spatial data, which have inaccurate location, inexact interiors or uncertain bounda¬ries. This Master s research aims at incorporating vague spatial data to GDWs. More speci¬fically, we propose and implement a new abstract data type (ADT) called VagueGeometry to represent vague spatial data in the Spatial Database Management System (SDBMS) Post- greSQL/PostGIS. The proposal of the ADT VagueGeometry encompasses the issue of phy¬sical storage for vague spatial data, which are complex and can have several disjoint parts. It also focuses on definitions of operations to handle vague spatial objects, such as vague topological predicates and its operators. Experimental evaluations were conducted in order to assess the performance of the ADT VagueGeometry in comparison to available solutions, such as implementation of vague topological predicates utilizing existing operations of the PostGIS. The proposed ADT VagueGeometry shown reductions in query processing with vague topological predicates from 81.63% to 90.34% in spatial databases and reductions from 92.46% a 95.20% in GDW environments. This Master s project, therefore, advances in the state of art in GDWs to study this gap in the literature. Additionally, fuzzy models to represent vague spatial data was also studied, and as a result, a preliminary proposal of a ADT, called as FuzzyGeometry, was also developed.
Investigação do desenvolvimento microestrutural de eletrólito sólido β/β’’-alumina visando sua utilização em bateria ZEBRA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-09) Rodrigues, Daisy Catharina; Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6359278545689980
The ZEBRA battery (Zero Emission Battery Research Activity) is an efficient electrochemical energy storage device with high energy density and high power. This has been considered one of the key technologies for insertion into the economic market of electric vehicles and for stationary energy applications. However, due to high internal resistance of this device causes an intense search for new materials for the reduction of this issue. Na-β -alumina solid electrolytes, due to its high ionic conductivity for sodium ions, are among the most promising oxide ionic conductors for the ZEBRA battery, operating at temperatures of approximately 300 ºC, with high efficiency. However, the greatest difficulty in using Na-β -alumina is related to the instability of this phase at higher sintering temperatures, in excess of 1300 ºC. The critical point of this electrolyte is the ceramic processing, which can influence the final mechanical and electrical properties of the material. In this work, the focus was to balance the mechanical and electrical properties through the reduction of microstructure defects, using processed powders with different raw materials and sintering conditions. The microstructure, electric conductivity and mechanical strength of Na-β -alumina samples were evaluated, produced by changing the sodium (Na2CO3 or NaNO3), lithium (LiNO3 or LiAl5O8) and aluminum source (AlO(OH) or Al2O3). The microstructure, and consequently the electric conductivity and mechanical strength were dependent on the type of raw materials and sintering profile. Electrical conductivity of 10-1 S.cm-1 at 300 °C and fracture strength of ~ 111 MPa were obtained after the processing variables improvement have been reached. These values are in full agreement with data available in the literature.
Estudo da interação entre borrachas comerciais e misturas de biodiesel/diesel por espectroscopia de ressonância magnética nuclear
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-09) Silva, Lorena Mara Alexandre e; Venâncio, Tiago; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2009574020370399
Nowadays biodiesel has taken steps toward the consolidation as energetic matrices of many countries. Elastomers are one of the most important groups of materials used in engines and the compatibility of these materials with biodiesel is a growing concern. Thus, to correlate important information about compartmentalized phases of rubber/fuel system, low and high field NMR and emerging technologies such as hybrid NMR probe and imaging through mass spectrometry (DESI), were employed. This work permitted, for the first time, to understand the structural and chemical changes that diesel and mainly biodiesel induces in the structure of vulcanized rubber. For natural rubber (NR), the low-field NMR experiments have shown that the damage did not occur at the polymer crosslinking but biodiesel mostly affects the interaction between the filler and rubber. The high resolution NMR also allowed verifying the exudation of the filler and filler aggregates. The use of Comprehensive Multi-Phase NMR applied to NR, nitrilic rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and ethylene-propilene-diene rubber (EPDM), permitted to study the different phases coexisting in the complex fuel/rubber system as well as the interface between these phases. These data indicated that the carbon black aggregates are being exudate and thus, the demand for fillers with higher affinity with the elastomers seems to be one of the most important parameters in the search for materials more compatible with biodiesel. Thus, in molecular level it can be seen that the elastomer less affected by the presence of biodiesel was EPDM, followed by SBR, NR and NBR. Besides it was observed the inclusion of biodiesel molecules into the EPDM structure, in contrast to other data in literature. This finding can infer about the long-term degradation of the elastomeric structure. Furthermore, DESI demonstrated that biodiesel trapped at the EPDM is in the oxidized and unoxidized forms, and probably this oxidation has a greater effect on the structure of the rubber.
De que família cuida a saúde da família? Os efeitos de poder nas relações de cuidado entre equipe e famílias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-09) Ferreira, Luis Henrique Moura; Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035; Figueiredo, Wagner dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5780408703746760; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2088769927480204
This study adopted the Family Health Strategy (FHS) as the locus of research. The FHS is the Brazilian government's response to the organization and execution of Basic Health Care. Analyzes the FHS as a strategical dispositive in the art of governing the population wich adopts the family as a central instrument for developing epidemiological changes, based on the concept of Governamentality, an exercise of power inserted in the relationship between security, population and government. Some effects of this power are normalization of conduct, medicalization of life, imposing lifestyles considered healthy from political technologies that investing on the body, health, the right ways to eat, to live and interact, in sume an entire space of existence. This work has taken as its object FHS care practices, analyzing how they can determine the ways of life and subjectivity of families who receive assistance, for it adopted the theoretical framework of analytical power of Michel Foucaut. From the perspective of Social Constructionism, were analyzed official documents from the Ministry of Health and observed the daily work of a family health team, analyzing the discursive practices in these different fields of research. The process of this investigation resulted in the possibility to analyze and relate the meanings of three discursive practices: Families, Power and Care. In the documentary analysis, three groups of meaning were discussed: (1) as the FHS healthcare model approaches of a Governmentality dispositive; (2) the meanings of family treated in the documents, the highlight occurs in the created norms on families, and as this is an important strategy for the good government of the population; (3) the strategic position that discursive practices of Care and Humanization occupy in the documents and the changes they propel to care practices. In participant observation, we report three situations experienced in the field, it is argued from these reports the main meanings of team care concrete practices and the effects of power in families. In the final considerations discusses the three discursive practices that made up this work: Power, Families and Care, tracing possible ways that contribute to the movement of Clinical and Care Management, and indicating FHS care practices in order to enable a ethical and humane meeting between worker-user which generates autonomy, emancipation growth for these different actors.
Desenvolvimento de processos químicos seguindo os princípios adotados pela química verde: redução e conversão de CO2 usando compostos de Mn(I)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-09) Casale, Mariana Romano Camilo; Carlos, Rose Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1589143355309943; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1588289751421610
Due to its versatile chemistry and ability to stabilize metals with low oxidation states, carbonyl compounds of transition metals play an important role in various fields of organometallic chemistry. In our research group, we have studied carbonyl compounds of manganese (I) over time and investigated their photochemical and spectroscopic properties. We carried out studies in photochemistry, electrochemistry (cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry accompanied by UV-Vis and IR) and photoinduced intermolecular electron transfer (ET) reactions (with the electron acceptor MV2+, methylviologen) for the compound fac- [Mn(phen)(CO)3(4MeImH)](SO3CF3) (fac-1) where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 4MeImH = 4-methyl-imidazol and SO3CF3 = triflate ion, compound already synthesized and processed by the group. fac-1 shows electronic absorption bands in the UV-Vis at 380 (MLCT) and 270 nm (LLCT) in CH3CN and intense bands in IR between 2200 and 1800 cm-1, consistent with the facial arrangement of the three CO ligands in the sphere of coordination of the metal. The complex is stable in solid state and is a mixture of two isomers while in solution, the adjacent (A) and remote (R) isomers relative to the nitrogen atom (N) of the 4MeImH ligand which coordinates to the metal Mn. Encouraged by the results obtained by the group before, in which the compound fac-1 under irradiation of light in aqueous solution and in the absence of oxidizing agents in the reaction medium was able to cleave a molecule of water to produce molecular oxygen (O2) detected by a Clark electrode, we investigated the reduction and conversion of carbon dioxide molecules (CO2) to CO using this compound of Mn in organic solution, by photochemical and electrochemical means in N2 and CO2 atmosphere. Through the development of chemical processes, the petrochemical industry has made great contributions to mankind but at the same time the release of large amounts of CO2 in the atmosphere has harmed the environment. Capturing this gas emitted into the atmosphere primarily by the burning fossil fuels is a necessary strategy to minimize the greenhouse effect. In our photochemical studies, the complex was able to reduce CO2 to CO, product detected by 13C NMR (185 ppm), and the mechanisms of photochemical and electrochemical reactions of fac-1 in the presence of CO2 were checked. We carried out DFT calculations to corroborate experimental data and the results show the agreement of the UV-Vis and IR spectrum for the proposed product. A comparison of results shows the importance of ligand 4MeImH in the multiple photoinduced electron transfer reactions assisted by protons and the great potential of the fac-1 compound to participate in photocatalytic processes of interest, such as the reduction and conversion of CO2 to products of interest to the chemical industry.