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Prospecção química do metabolismo de fungos endofíticos isolados de maçã (Malus domestica) e goiaba (Psidium guajava)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-31)
Medeiros, Lívia Soman de
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7404733691134037
Few studies are targeted concerning the chemistry of the secondary metabolism from endophytic fungi associated to edible fruits. In this sense, it is worth to explore the the microbial metabolic skills, particularly from the fungi species naturally present in this host, since a plethora of compounds from different biossintetic groups with diverse bioactivities may have been directly introduced to human diet. Therefore, the aim of the work encompassed the chemical and metabolic investigation of the fungus isolated from sympthomless apple fruits, the specie Talaromyces rugulosus, as well as the fungus Setophoma sp. isolated from healthy guava fruits. The study was based on the chemical prospecting of the fungal metabolism by means of OSMAC approach. In this step, besides the screening of known metabolites, the investigation was carried out in order to encounter new natural products biossintetized by the studied strains. Aiming to reach a fast and effective dectection, the UHPLC-HRMS based dereplication combined to dedicated database queries was extensively applied. The use of these integrated approaches allowed the establishment of a broad chemical profile owned to each microorganism and has led to the identification of seven new depsides produced by Setophoma sp. and novel halogenated alkaloids by T. rugulosus through spectroscopic data, chiefly NMR and HRMS-MS. In addition to these results, the induction of known perilenequinones produced by Setophoma sp. strain was observed when it was submitted to the co-cultive with other fungi species. Some of the novel poliketides showed moderate antimicrobial activity against S.aureus, while the perilenequinones comprised a seeming inhibition of some tested Penicillium species. Concerning T. rugulosus, it was also verified if the fungus showed to be skillfull in biotransformations of compounds naturally owned to apples chemical composition, such as flavonoids and organic acids. Whereas any product from this proposal was detected, a remarkable production of multicolanic acid was observed by the use of the tested substrates into the culture medium, suggesting a likely marker for this specie. Finally, taking into account the fact that fruits represent a rich source of nutrients for its associated microbial inhabitants, it is worth to consider that secondary metabolites biosynthesis in loco be favoured. Therefore it was proposed the monitoring of the most common metabolites produced by T. rugulosus into commercial apple extracts. The detection study was carried out by UHPLC-MS/MS via dynamic MRM experiments, which allowed the detection of compounds potentially produced by the fungus in the evaluated apple extracts.
Estudos de expressão em genes potencialmente envolvidos no processo reprodutivo em Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera, Tephritidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-31)
Nakamura, Aline Minali
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Brito, Reinaldo Alves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8253066295947754
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6716341388414833
The majority of species in the genus Anastrepha is endemic to the Neotropics and many are of great economic importance because they inflict great damage to several different fruit crops. Brazil has low insertion in international markets because of the demand for quality products with no pesticide residues, which force the improvement of control techniques. Thus, an alternative to insect pests control is the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), which reduces the pest population by mass release of sterile insects. However, sterilization by radiation has many side effects, reducing the competitiveness of released males relative to wild males. For this reason, different strategies have been used, such as the production of transgenic individuals not only in order to sterility but also increasing the vitality presented by these males compared to wild males. To accomplish that, an important approach could be the study of genes involved in the reproductive process. In this work, we selected nine candidate genes for expression studies of our transcriptome data, which have the potential of being involved in the reproductive process in Anastrepha because they belong to gene families that have already been associated to the reproductive process, and showed differential expression between the contrast of virgin and post-mating of transcriptome data in Anastrepha flies. Since no qPCR study has been done to date in Anastrepha, we tested several reference genes for normalization of expression data. The genes Rpl18, Rps17 and Ef1a were deemed suitable and used here to standardize studies of expression between life stages of A. obliqua. The qPCR gene expression analysis revealed interesting gene expression patterns for AttA, Obp56a and Obp99c, which increases the potential of these genes being involved in the reproductive process. Obp56a showed a higher expression in virgin females in contrast to postmating, whereas AttA and Obp99c showed higher expression in male in contrast to females, which may be interesting for genetic control techniques. We applied the RNAi silencing technique with AttA and Obp99c, aiming to generate information about the participation of these genes in reproduction. Thus, our results pointed for three candidate genes that could be interesting for population control techniques, with potential of being involved in the reproductive process, which stimulates further researches in Anastrepha obliqua.
Trigonometria por apps
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-31)
Mastronicola, Natália Ojeda
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Sampaio, João Carlos Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8286887389013685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8713439729693928
In this work the author intends to show an experience of implementation of alternative activities to traditional teaching of trigonometry in 9th year of Fundamental School (Brazilian curriculum). The theme choice came from the author's finding of difficulties presented by pupils in face of a great amount of formulas without meaning for them. The goal of these activities was to stimulate the students to make them construct their own knowledge, culminating in a meaningful learning. It was intended to formulate activities with the use of smartphones and tablets. The technological advance of cell phones has provided a range of different tools that fit in someone's palm and can be accessed immediately. Some of these tools provide the use of tablets and smartphones in the educational context, aiding student's learning in an innovative form, making it more pleasurable. All activities followed the guidelines of didactical engineering as research methodology. The activities were applied in a school were the author is a teacher.
Efeitos da realidade virtual para treino de habilidades motoras e cognitivas em idosos institucionalizados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-31)
Soares, Mariana Cristina
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Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8825982864094227
With advancing age, there is a tendency of loss of cognitive aspects such as memory, attention, learning new technologies and motor aspects such as loss of range of motion of the upper limbs. The literature points to investments made to investigate the use of virtual reality in cognitive and motor aspects, however, due to the few researches found on the topic, is one notable gap in terms of describing the training of motor skills of the member and higher cognitive skills using virtual reality applications. This research aimed to evaluate the use of virtual reality application KapMan® for training of motor skills of upper member and cognitive in institutionalized elderly. The research was performed in a long - term institution, located in a midsize city in the state of São Paulo. The participants in this study were six seniors and we used a questionnaire about participants - to make sure about their skills and understanding about the game - measurement of range of motion, heart rate and blood pressure, the DASH questionnaire was used and Mini - mental State Examination. Furthermore, adaptations in the original game KapMan® were made. The results indicated a reduction in execution time of activity between the first and last time, and an increase of the final score (score) obtained, leading to believe that the adjustments made in the game and the training of the proposed activity resulted in better performance of the elderly. There were no observable changes in variables heart rate and blood pressure. The data shows an improvement in pain and upper limb function, and increased range of motion of the upper limb of the elderly. As the cognitive aspects, four elderly have compatibility with cognitive disabilities and two do not have this loss. Nevertheless, the elderly understood, learned and developed motor skills of the upper limb and cognitive training with the proposed activity. Thus, the premise that the deployment of virtual reality applications help the training of motor skills and cognitive upper limb was confirmed.
Relações com o saber : um estudo sobre o sentido atribuído por alunos da rede pública à escola, à língua inglesa e à sua aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-31)
Ianuskiewtz, Andréia Dias
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Viana, Nelson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8530008627127423
In this qualitative study, we aim to investigate the senses of learning English and the relationships established by elementary school students in the context of public school education with the world (with the transmitted/acquired knowledge in school, with the school, the classroom and everything that surrounds it), with the other (teachers and peers) and with themselves (their knowledge, their expectations, their goals and motives). Thus, the research focuses on understanding the meaning that the school has for students and the conceptions they have about the English language and its learning, considering the epistemic, personal and social dimensions of knowledge. It also seeks to identify the processes that structure the motivation to learn English and the mobilization to learn the language. The work is based on studies conducted by Bernard Charlot (2000, 2001, 2005) about the relationship to knowledge, which seek to understand how the subject categorizes and organizes their world, how they attribute meaning to their experience, especially their school experience. The theoretical basis of this research is also composed by principles and concepts that constitute the Activity Theory, developed by Vigotski (1980, 2001, 2005, 2007) and Leontiev (1978, 1984), as well as conceptions about motivation, within the area of language teaching and learning (DÖRNYEI, 2001; DÖRNYEI & USHIODA, 2013; GARDNER, 2002, 2010; DECI & RYAN, 2000; VIANA, 1990). Data collection involved classroom observations in two 6th grade classes of elementary school of two public schools in the state of São Paulo during the period of one year, and it included the following instruments: questionnaires, drawings produced by the students, researcher's field diaries and interviews. Through data analysis, we found that students recognize the role of the school as a learning space, but the relationship they establish with the institution is based on the valuing of relational/affective learnings. We observed that students begin the 6th grade with a positive perception of the English language and they are motivated to learn it, but in spite of this, there is neither mobilization nor establishment of personal sense, due to the mismatch between motives and purposes of the learning activities.
O ensino do futebol pelas abordagens táticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11)
Salles, Henrique Barbosa de Oliveira Ferreira
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Souza Júnior, Osmar Moreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176123942671062
The reason why Football was chosen as the subject of this study, was due to the great appreciation for this modality. For some time, the “dream of being a football player” was cultivated and very latent in my life, but for reasons of stature, I was unable to carry on this “dream”. At the University, in contact with studies about football, it became clear that the tactical aspect must prevail over the physical and technical aspect, that is, knowing how to read and interpret the game situations to respond in the most appropriate way to them is more important than that motor gestures and physical issues. And as Soccer is one of the elements of the Body Culture of Movement present in School Physical Education classes, it is the duty of the school to properly teach this modality, providing conditions for students, regardless of the desire to pursue a football career, to know how to interpret the game situations and make effective decisions before them, and for that it is necessary to break with a traditional teaching model, which prioritizes the motor gesture, and adopt a methodology that allows students to know how to read and interpret the game situations. The objective of my research is to analyze the quality of play of a 9th grade class in the individual, group and collective tactical dimensions, based on an intervention based on a didactic unit of Football based on Tactical Approaches. The present research will have as a methodological reference the Action Research. This methodology has as principles the observation of the object of study and the intervention to provide a change, which can be positive or negative. Action research starts from a social reality in order to modify this reality through pedagogical interventions, for this reason the integration of research and intervention is of fundamental importance. In this methodology, the researcher must constantly assume the role of researched and that of the group participant. For data collection, two instruments will be used, which are the diaries of classes and filming. And for data analysis we will use the Team Sports Performance Assessment Procedure (TSAP) tool, which aims to produce valid information to assess student performance in invasion sports. Classes were held with themes related to the tactical situations of football, and the application of TSAP was carried out in two moments, the first before the didactic unit classes and the second was after the end of this unit. From the data from the Class Diaries and the TSAP it was possible to identify an improvement in the quality of the students' game in the individual, group and collective tactical dimensions.
Efeitos da exposição à lambda-cialotrina no teleósteo Brycon amazonicus: metabolismo antioxidante, parâmetros histológicos e hematológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-05)
Venturini, Francine Perri
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Moraes, Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7347561381483761
Currently, in Brazil, there has been noticed increases of agrochemicals use, in spite the trend of using less toxic products. Pyrethroids appear as the option due to low toxicity displayed to birds and mammals, and the low bioaccumulation along the trophic chain. The pyrethroid insecticide λ-cyhalothrin (LCH) is used against a variety of arthropods. These chemicals can reach aquatic environments either by direct application in fish farms to kill parasites or by runoff after agricultural and domestic use, then affecting non-target organisms. We dealt with evaluation of antioxidant responses of matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus, exposed to LCH (TrincaCaps® DVA) and its recovery, since this is a freshwater fish relevantly farmed in Brazil. Twelve fish (n=12) were exposed to 0.65 μgL-1 (10% of the LC50;96h) for 96 hours and allowed to recover in a xenobiotic free water for 7 days. Hematological, osmoregulatory, antioxidant, neurotoxic, histologic and genotoxic effects were evaluated after sub-lethal exposure and recovery. LCH was extremely toxic to B. amazonicus since the LC50;96h was below 0.1 mgL-1. After the exposure span, fish exhibited impairment of respiratory functions and hypovolemia; the hematological parameters were not completely reestablished, despite a tendency to recover. The osmotic balance was affected after exposure, and it was not completely restored after recovery. The activity of brain acetylcholinesterase did not depict any change after both evaluation periods. Antioxidant defenses were activated in liver, kidney and gills, but this fact was not enough to prevent lipid peroxidation. After recovery, some defenses remained activated; nevertheless no lipid peroxidation was observed in any tissue. Histological parameters indicated liver and kidney injury, but no one was observed in gills. The kidney morphology was severely affected, but was reestablished after recovery; an opposite response was observed in liver. Micronuclei and nuclear alterations in erythrocytes were not observed after either exposure or recovery. We call attention to the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potential of LCH in B. amazonicus, emphasizing the importance of substantial studies to ground its use regulations in agriculture and aquaculture activities, since the set of injuries observed poses risk to this fish species.
Estudo químico do fungo Colletotrichum acutatum e sua interação com Citrus sinensis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-06)
Gomes, Wesley Faria
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4564802695025792
Brazil remains the world's largest orange producer, accounting for 32% of the total production of oranges and 50% orange juice. The State of São Paulo holds 97% of Brazilian exports of orange juice, possessing one of the largest citrus producing areas of the world. Citrus plants can be affected by various pathogenic agents which highlights the fungus Colletotrichum acutatum, causal agent of citrus post-bloom fruit dropwhich under certain environmental conditions, is in a limiting factor in many citrus production areas. Given the above and seen the importance of disease in the cultivation of citrus, realizes the need for information related to the chemical study of C. acutatum. Thus, this study presents the chemical study of fungal plant pathogen, in addition, discusses the study of plant-microbe interactions, identifying volatiles by HS-SPME-GC-MS as well as characteristic signals compounds produced by plants when infected. Chemical studies of C. acutatum to the isolation of certain diketopiperazines, phenolic compounds, steroids, nucleosides and glycerides. In order to encourage the production of metabolites by the fungus and understand more your metabolism, some modulators (chemical and epigenetic) were used, in addition to the growth of microorganisms in mixed cultures, where it was possible to isolate some metabolites such as 2,5-dihidroximetilfurano and IAA. Aiming to observe the behavior of the flowers as the production of metabolites when infected, the study of plant-fungus interaction, where the pathogen was inoculated in flowers of Citrus sinensis, and these were collected at 2, 4 and 7 days. The volatile components of infected flowers were identified by HS-SPME-GC-MS and compared with the healthy flowers. A methodology for biological assays as mycelial growth, spore germination and appressorium formation was implemented.
Impactos dos programas para a segurança do alimento (BPF e APPCC) adotados por empresas produtoras de alimentos para animais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-07)
Coelho, Raquel Cristina Pelicer
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6178141906333006
The need to ensure the quality and safety of food becomes increasingly a concern of the entire food production chain, from primary production to final consumption. Feed industry is an important link in this chain, because the food given to livestock can influence the quality and safety of animal products. To ensure food safety adoption of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), which, for the animal feed industry has become mandatory implementation in Brazil, from 2003 is required, and preventive approach programs like Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP), whose implementation is not mandatory. This dissertation analyzes the internal and external impacts of the implementation of GMP / HACCP factories in the feed industry associated to Sindirações as well as the perceived difficulties during deployment. We conducted a survey research (survey), through a questionnaire sent to companies, yielding 60 response units. The data were analyzed in order to characterize companies, test possible correlations between the study variables and evaluate corporate groupings (clusters) with similar characteristics. Cluster analysis showed three groups, distinguished from each other mainly by the size of the unit and certifications standards for food safety. Although the quality of the product is a general requirement of the sector, the understanding that the adoption of programs to ensure the safety of foods is important for product quality and essential to the quality of food of animal origin food supplied to the final consumer does not seem to be unanimous in researching industry. It was observed that the plants that meet the most demanding markets tend to adopt these programs as well as certification. The main internal impacts, reported after the implementation of GMP / HACCP have been improvements in the occurrence of food security issues and improving the level of training of production employees, with respect to external impacts, the most cited were improved image brand and the improvement in customer satisfaction.
Efeitos do treinamento resistido em circuito sobre a composição corporal, capacidades cardiovascular e muscular esquelética e glicemia de jejum em mulheres obesas de peso normal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-07)
Ferreira, Fabiano Candido
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2742278993363133
The Normal weight obesity (NWO) syndrome has been characterized on subjects with normal BMI and high body fat mass percentage (BF%>30 on with women) and is a risk factor for cardiometabolic dysregulation and cardiovascular mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether circuit resistance training (CRT) improves body composition, heart size and functions, cardiometabolic parameters, and cardiorespiratory, cardiovascular and skeletal muscle fitness on women with NWO. Subjects/Methods: Data are mean [95%CI]. Twenty-nine white women participated in the study allocated to three groups: ten NWO-CRT (baseline: BMI=22.4 [21.4-23.3] kg/m2; BF%=44.5 [41.0-48.0]%) performed CRT during ten weeks; thirteen untrained NWO-control (baseline: BMI=21.7 [20.8-22.7] kg/m2; BF%=37.8 [34.6-41.1]%) and six non-obese (BMI=19.2 [17.9-20.6] kg/m2; BF%=23.6 [18.3-29.0]%). At baseline (all groups) and after ten weeks (NWO groups) performed: dualenergy- X-ray-absorptiometry, echocardiography, blood tests, arterial pressure, exercise testing, and total-overload-by-training-session (TOL) was calculated. Results: At baseline NWO-control showed almost double of body fat mass (BF) (22.41 [19.5-25.3] kg) than nonobese (11.88 [9.0-14.8] kg) (p=0.0001), and NWO-CRT had more BF than NWO-control (27.28 [23.9-30.6] kg) (p=0.0227). The NWO-CRT after training: reduced more than 8 kg of BF (p=0.000002); the BF% became lower than NWO-control (33.1 [30.1-36.0] < 37.0 [34.3- 39.6]%, p=0.0423) with 30% of NWO-CRT becoming non-obese; reduced 3 kg of trunk fat mass (p=0.000005); showed fasting glucose (72.8 [69.4-76.2] mg/dl) smaller than NWOcontrol (81.7 [78.6-84.8] mg/dl) (p=0.004) and non-obese (92.7 [86.6-98.8] mg/dl) (p=0.000003); increased TOL (5,087.5 [4,142.5-6,032.5] to 6 963.3 [6,226.4-7,700.2] rep.kg, p=0.0004); increased load at VO2peak (122.5 [106.8-138,2] to 137.5 [118.18-156.82] W, p=0.0051); reduced the double product/load at VO2peak ratio (277.4 [222.1-332.8] to 237.7 [194.2-281.2] mmHg.bpm/W, p=0.0015). The CRT increased left ventricular mass/body surface area ratio (84.29 [78.98-89.6] to 90.29 [81.45-99.12] g/m2, p=0.0215). Conclusions: CRT improves the body composition, cardiovascular and skeletal-muscle fitness and reduces fasting glucose without cardiorespiratory changes on normal weight obese women.
Conflitos entre a ação ergonômica e a percepção dos trabalhadores em uma central de teleatendimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-10)
Santos, Carlos Eduardo dos
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Menegon, Nilton Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
This thesis aims to confront results of an ergonomic action taken by a company to improve working conditions with the perception and proposals of telemarketing operators, following a literature review and a case study. Concepts of Ergonomics and Ergonomic Work Analysis - EWA show the activity and constraints of the call center operator. Case study presents the ergonomic action taken by the company, its demand, realization strategy and policy recommendations. In field research, interviews were conducted with operators, monitors and supervisors to know their perception of work and difficulties faced. Literature shows that call center operators' work is exhausting and has a strong impact on mental factor, due to poor working conditions. Ergonomic intervention in this workplace becomes necessary in order to minimize impacts of the activity on the operators. It was observed that ergonomic action taken by the company and its policy recommendations are below the awareness of operators aiming for improvements in working conditions. Thus, one question is raised: do ergonomic actions really seek improvement of working conditions, or could it be only a decoy to demonstrate to supervisory institutions that measures are being taken?
Estudo taxonômico das espécies de Heterospilus Haliday, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) em áreas de Mata Mesófila Semidecídua do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-10)
Chiletto, Bernardo de Oliveira
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Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7906519137196189
In this paper the genus Heterospilus Haliday (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae), captured in areas of semidecidual mesophytic forests in the State of São Paulo were studied. Collections were made primarily in state parks and ecological stations in São Paulo State, Brazil. Malaise traps, Moericke traps and sweeping the vegetation were used to capture specimens. 638 specimens divided into four morphospecies based on sculpturing of the vertex (dorsal region of the head) were captured. Altogether, 14 new species with smooth vertex, 18 with granulate vertex, 18 with striate vertex and one with rugose vertex were found. The locality with the highest abundance of specimens was Núcleo Picinguaba in Ubatuba (247), followed by Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo in Teodoro Sampaio and Núcleo Santa Virgínia in São Luis do Paraitinga (150 and 115 respectively). From the analysis of Bray-Curtis, there was greater similarity between the fauna of Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo and Núcleo Santa Virgínia with over 80% of similaridae, both with a 60% similarity with Nucleo Picinguaba. Identification keys, description and illustration of the new species were provided. As the length of ovipositor is an important feature to sort of species, were described in this paper only females specimens.
Raciocínio combinatório: uma proposta para professores de matemática do ensino fundamental anos finais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-10)
Gerdenits, Gisele Aparecida Massuela
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Peixoto, Magda da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0413910306376054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4887369045051484
This research has as main objective making a manipulative material to work sequences of activities by introducing the notion of Combinatorial Analysis in an intuitive and natural way in elementary school final years. Without using formulas, it presents an encouragement to use the Multiplicative Principle, tree diagram and list of possibilities as an important tool for solving various problems. We started the research making a description of the current curriculum documents in the Department of Education of the State of São Paulo, followed by historical overview and theoretical foundation. The survey was developed with the implementation of three activities with students from the 5th grade - 6 year to 8th grade - 9th year of elementary school in a Public State School in the city of Sorocaba/SP. These activities were designed to find out the students difficulties in the development of problems involving Combinatorial reasoning and to propose manipulative materials at low cost and to help in the construction and understanding of that content, since a big part of students and teachers consider it difficult to understand. These manipulative materials represent the final product of this research and it is hoped that teachers use them in their classrooms to make their classes more dynamic, rich and arousing the interest of the students.
Hormônios gonadais influenciam nas respostas ventilatórias à hipercapnia em ratos machos e fêmeas wistar adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-11)
Marques, Danuzia Ambrozio
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7037773715836136
Sex hormones may influence many physiological processes. However, it is still unclear whether sex hormones and hormonal fluctuations that occur during the estrous cycle can affect breathing. Our study aimed to evaluate the ventilation (VE), tidal volume (VT), respiratory frequency (fR), oxygen consumption (VO2) ventilatory equivalent (VE/VO2) and body temperature (Tc) of rats at different stages of estrous cycle (proestrus, estrus, metaestrus and diest responses of intact and orchidectomized (ORX) rats to females in estrous phase (when plasma concentrations of estradiol and progesterone are lower) and ovariectomized (OVX) rats during normocapnia and hypercapnia (7% CO2). VE, VT, fR, VO2 and VE/VO2 were not different among animals in different stages of the estrous cycle in normocapnia and hypercapnia. However, Tc was higher in female rats in estrus. Hormone replacement in females did not change the ventilatory and metabolic parameters. Nevertheless, OVX, OVX+E2 and OVX+EP presented lower ventilatory responses to hypercapnia compared to intact females in estrus phase. Intact animals - both males and females in estrus - showed a higher VE and VE/ VO2 in hypercapnia than castrated animals. We also observed that females in estrus had a higher ventilatory response compared to intact male rats. Thus, our data demonstrated that the different phases of the estrous cycle did not change ventilation in normocapnia and hypercapnia. We also observed that gonadectomy reduces the ventilatory response to CO2. Additionally, rats in estrus have higher ventilatory responses to hypercapnia than males.
Estudos metabolômicos e biossintéticos visando contribuições para a química e taxonomia de microorganismos da família Xylariaceae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-11)
Amaral, Luciana da Silva
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2220942607249351
The PhD work aimed the exploration of fungal metabolism of NICL3 and NICL5, both initially identified as Xylaria sp., isolated as endophytic fungi from Cupressus lusitanica. The investigation of the NICL3 metabolism allowed the isolation and identification of new compounds, one unpublished eremophilane sesquiterpene and a mixture of two cyclic peptides. In addition, from NICL5 were isolated cytochalasins C, D, Q, 18- desoxy cytochalasin Q and trichodepsipeptide. The production of this depsipeptide by NICL5 is very relevant, since there is only one paper in the literature that reports the production of this class of compounf by fungi belonging to Xylaria genus. Another aspect applied in this work was the use of OSMAC approach, through supplementation of different nitrogen sources in the culture medium of NICL5, to obtain new cytochalasins. However, only the administration of NH4Br was promising since it allowed the isolation of 4- hydroxymethyl cytochalasin C a new metabolite. The secondary metabolism NICL5 is strongly guided to the production of cytochalasins C, D and Q, independently of the nitrogen source administered in the culture medium, suggesting that the microorganism is able to perform de novo biosynthesis. Mass spectrometry studies demonstrated that administration of Na15NO3, 15NH4Cl and 15N-glycine led to incorporation of labeled nitrogen into cytochalasin D. Supplementation of the culture medium with 2-13C glycine showed the incorporation of labeled carbon in positions in which the enzyme S-adenosyl methionine is responsible for introducing two methyl groups and one methylene. However, genomic and proteomic studies are essential to prove this process. The NICL5 fungus has an interesting enzymatic potential because it was able to promote reductions of carboxylic acid into alcohol and performs the incorporation of GABA and glucose to the substrate core, when the substrate was p-bromo benzoic acid. This enzymatic potencial appears to be closely related to the eletronic nature of the substrate, since similar reaction occurred with p-cloro benzoic acid and bioreduction occurred also with p-nitro benzoic acid. A collection of fungi belonging to Xylariaceae family, which were identified according to molecular techniques was created. Interestingly NICL3 was classified as Nemania aff. primolutea and NICL5 as Xylaria aff. arbuscula. The identification techniques based on molecular biology, biomarkers profile by MALDI-TOF and metabolic profile by high resolution mass spectrometry of all members of the collection were confronted, and it was verified a good level of agreement between three different techniques.
Prioridades competitivas e inovação organizacional: um estudo de caso integrado na cadeia automotiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-12)
Garo Junior, Wagner Roberto
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Guimarães, Márcia Regina Neves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9250214706491925
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7239171020639064
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Vanalle, Rosângela Maria
This research aimed to evaluate the strategic influence throughout the automotive supply chain, and study how such influence encourages organizational innovations. For this work was carried out a qualitative research through an integrated case study in the automotive segment of companies with business relationships with each other, so that were evaluated: one automaker three tiers and three second-tier suppliers. The results show that there is a strategic alignment between the automaker, systems suppliers and second-tier suppliers, demonstrating a high degree of strategic influence of customers in its suppliers. It was identified that systems suppliers with a greater degree of independence along the automotive supply chain are influenced by lower intensity of automakers than suppliers with greater degree of dependence. Finally, it was found that organizational innovations implemented in second-tier suppliers occur, mostly in response to pressure from customers
Uma abordagem para a decomposição de processos de negócio para execução em nuvens computacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-17)
Povoa, Lucas Venezian
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Souza, Wanderley Lopes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742302894743620
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0642101583402646
Business Process Management emerged as a means for managing and improving business processes. However providing efficient business processes can demand high costs due to the need of software, hardware, and technical support. Cloud Computing emerged as a means for providing a fast and cheap way of acquiring computational resources in a pay-per-use manner, and can be employed for achieving efficient business processes with low costs. However, due to safety requirements, certain data or activities of a business process should be kept within the user premises, while others can be allocated to a cloud. This master dissertation presents a generic approach for decomposing business process taking into account costs, performance and safety requirements, thus granting greater reliability in the use of cloud resources. This approach is illustrated by means of a case study in the Healthcare domain.
Alunos com deficiência na educação de jovens e adultos em assentamentos paulistas: experiências do PRONERA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-17)
Gonçalves, Taísa Grasiela Gomes Liduenha
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Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5621711552244157
The history of our country has shown conflicts over land distribution within a context of social inequality and neglect of the public policies. The production in the area of special education that treats people with disabilities living in the countryside is scanty; although legislation guarantees this legitimate right and the official data indicate the existence of such population. Furthermore, the illiteracy rate is high in our country. If we associate the condition of the disabled youngsters and adults living in rural areas, the situation becomes more alarming. Historically, social movements have played significant actions in our country, such as the claim for public policies to eliminate or reduce illiteracy for those who had no access and permanence during school age. It was created in the countryside the National Education Program in Agrarian Reform (PRONERA) which presents for Adolescents and Adults (EJA) a project developed in partnership with higher education institutions and the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA). Recently, the state of São Paulo, PRONERA has set a partnership with the Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (UNIMEP), the INCRA and the Organization of Women Settled and Quilombolas of the State of São Paulo (OMAQUESP) in order to develop the EJA project. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the educational status of the young adults with disabilities in the countryside. The specific objectives were: analyze the interfaces, Special Education, EJA and the Countryside education, social indicators, within legislation and in academic research; analyze the history of special education, adult education and the Countryside Education to understand the difficulties encountered in the process of education of the disabled, illiterate population who live in rural areas; analyze the history and structure of PRONERA, with particular reference to the EJA; analyze under the focus of special education the organization of an EJA school project from PRONERA developed in two settlements in São Paulo. The study was based on critical pedagogy and its principles. The methodological procedures were guided in: 1) collection and analysis of social indicators, especially the school census, the academic literature and legislation; 2) historical analysis of special need education, adult education, the Countryside Education; 3) document analysis of PRONERA, the initial design and the EJA project report conducted in the state of Sao Paulo; 4) interviews with members of the settlements and people who participated in the project of the EJA from PRONERA. The results showed that despite the legislation and social indicators reveal the interface, there is no academic research on young and disabled adults who live and study in the countryside. Once the story of these three themes is marked by the social exclusion organized into targeted policies such as PRONERA, that intending to correct the process of exclusion of the rural population, makes a mistake in silencing over the educational issues involving students with special educational needs. Thus, relating the settlements, the EJA is developed in precarious conditions; therefore, it does not provide specialized educational services to young people and disabled adults who are getting this type of education in the settlements. It is hoped that this study may support the debate over the right to education for all students and promote the knowledge production about the actual living conditions of people with disabilities living in the countryside.
Uma história de Dilma Rousseff em imagens na mídia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-18)
Santos, Sidnay Fernandes dos
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2216543407273699
Notre recherche a pour but d’analyser les sens donnés à circuler dans le média journalistique par des photographies du visage de Dilma Rousseff et les probabilités que ces sens se constituent en parcours déontiques d’interprétation. Notre théorie de base est l’Analyse du Discours d’orientation française, principalement l’approche de Dominique Maingueneau (2007b ; 2008 ; 2010 ; 2014a), mais nous recourons aussi à l’approche anthropologique au sujet de l’histoire du visage, proposée par Courtine et Haroche (1988) et à une discussion théorique au sujet de la photographie et du photojournalisme. Méthodologiquement, nous nous appuyons sur la notion de récit d’événement, proposée par Guillaumou (2009), et sur la notion de parcours, présentée par Maingueneau (2008) et nous visitons une archive que nous délimitons à partir de l’événement Élections Présidentielles Brésiliennes de l’année 2010 et, par extension, la première année de Gouvernement de la première femme présidente du Brésil. Nous organisons notre matériel au moyen de « l’intrigue narrative » qui aborde la proximité politique entre Dilma Rousseff et Lula qui est narrativisée par le ton de la contradiction et, pour cela, nous nommons Dilma marionnette versus Dilma autonome. Avec pour base ce récit discursif, nous mobilisons des textes qui ont circulé dans les plus divers médiums (revues et journaux imprimés ; revues et journaux en ligne ; blogs) dans les entre-deux de la campagne électorale et de la première année de gouvernement. Nous vérifions comment deux positionnements discursifs antagoniques - Dilma Rousseff traitée dysphoriquement et Dilma Rousseff présentée d’une façon euphorique - se servent d’images photographiques pour construire un parcours interprétatif donné et nous constatons que, dans la sphère de l’activité journalistique, le visage ne parle pas par lui-même, mais il est, au premier plan, « parlé » par une institution médiatique donnée. Les discours qui signifient la relation entre Lula et Dilma Rousseff négativement se centrent sur le sème /Dépendance/, tandis que les discours opposés se centrent sur le sème /Partenariat/. Ainsi, à l’intérieur de ces discours, deux parcours interprétatifs se constituent déontiquement : celui qui présente Dilma Rousseff comme une candidate et présidente dépendante/filleule politique/marionnette qui n’a pas de compétence pour gouverner le pays et celui qui signifie Dilma comme une candidate et présidente partenaire du Gouvernement Lula et compétente pour gouverner le Brésil. Nous constatons encore que la photographie dans le média journalistique brésilien fait abstraction de l’histoire et cela justifie le fait de la grande récurrence de citations et de reprises d’images, dont nous analysons le parcours de circulation. Notre recherche indique encore la viabilité de la théorie de Dominique Maingueneau pour travailler sur la matérialité imagétique.
Biologia e genética de Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818) (Mammalia, Mustelidae): uma revisão e ensaio a respeito do uso de marcadores moleculares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-18)
Oliveira, Raphael de
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
The neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis) is one of the 13 species of otter and has one of the widest geographic distribution, occurring from the north of Mexico until northern Argentina. Along its distribution the species, inhabits a variety of habitats facing different environmental quality levels. The availability of food and places to build burrows are the key factors to its occurrence. The species is defined as top predator and because its generalist habits, it has been suggested as a community structure species. Although the species tend to be generalist it shows a preferences for fishes and crustaceans in its diet. Its IUCN classification (data deficient) is based mainly on studies related to its diet and habitat use. Nevertheless, information about the species still have too much gaps in relation to populations studies, current distribution and environment requirements. This paper aims to review the current status and species information with the purpose of propose future conservation actions for the species, and therefore propose further information to enable a most appropriate classification on the conservation status of the neotropical otter.