Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2014-11"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 41

O ensino do futebol pelas abordagens táticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11) Salles, Henrique Barbosa de Oliveira Ferreira; Souza Júnior, Osmar Moreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176123942671062
The reason why Football was chosen as the subject of this study, was due to the great appreciation for this modality. For some time, the “dream of being a football player” was cultivated and very latent in my life, but for reasons of stature, I was unable to carry on this “dream”. At the University, in contact with studies about football, it became clear that the tactical aspect must prevail over the physical and technical aspect, that is, knowing how to read and interpret the game situations to respond in the most appropriate way to them is more important than that motor gestures and physical issues. And as Soccer is one of the elements of the Body Culture of Movement present in School Physical Education classes, it is the duty of the school to properly teach this modality, providing conditions for students, regardless of the desire to pursue a football career, to know how to interpret the game situations and make effective decisions before them, and for that it is necessary to break with a traditional teaching model, which prioritizes the motor gesture, and adopt a methodology that allows students to know how to read and interpret the game situations. The objective of my research is to analyze the quality of play of a 9th grade class in the individual, group and collective tactical dimensions, based on an intervention based on a didactic unit of Football based on Tactical Approaches. The present research will have as a methodological reference the Action Research. This methodology has as principles the observation of the object of study and the intervention to provide a change, which can be positive or negative. Action research starts from a social reality in order to modify this reality through pedagogical interventions, for this reason the integration of research and intervention is of fundamental importance. In this methodology, the researcher must constantly assume the role of researched and that of the group participant. For data collection, two instruments will be used, which are the diaries of classes and filming. And for data analysis we will use the Team Sports Performance Assessment Procedure (TSAP) tool, which aims to produce valid information to assess student performance in invasion sports. Classes were held with themes related to the tactical situations of football, and the application of TSAP was carried out in two moments, the first before the didactic unit classes and the second was after the end of this unit. From the data from the Class Diaries and the TSAP it was possible to identify an improvement in the quality of the students' game in the individual, group and collective tactical dimensions.
Efeitos da exposição à lambda-cialotrina no teleósteo Brycon amazonicus: metabolismo antioxidante, parâmetros histológicos e hematológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-05) Venturini, Francine Perri; Moraes, Gilberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7347561381483761
Currently, in Brazil, there has been noticed increases of agrochemicals use, in spite the trend of using less toxic products. Pyrethroids appear as the option due to low toxicity displayed to birds and mammals, and the low bioaccumulation along the trophic chain. The pyrethroid insecticide λ-cyhalothrin (LCH) is used against a variety of arthropods. These chemicals can reach aquatic environments either by direct application in fish farms to kill parasites or by runoff after agricultural and domestic use, then affecting non-target organisms. We dealt with evaluation of antioxidant responses of matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus, exposed to LCH (TrincaCaps® DVA) and its recovery, since this is a freshwater fish relevantly farmed in Brazil. Twelve fish (n=12) were exposed to 0.65 μgL-1 (10% of the LC50;96h) for 96 hours and allowed to recover in a xenobiotic free water for 7 days. Hematological, osmoregulatory, antioxidant, neurotoxic, histologic and genotoxic effects were evaluated after sub-lethal exposure and recovery. LCH was extremely toxic to B. amazonicus since the LC50;96h was below 0.1 mgL-1. After the exposure span, fish exhibited impairment of respiratory functions and hypovolemia; the hematological parameters were not completely reestablished, despite a tendency to recover. The osmotic balance was affected after exposure, and it was not completely restored after recovery. The activity of brain acetylcholinesterase did not depict any change after both evaluation periods. Antioxidant defenses were activated in liver, kidney and gills, but this fact was not enough to prevent lipid peroxidation. After recovery, some defenses remained activated; nevertheless no lipid peroxidation was observed in any tissue. Histological parameters indicated liver and kidney injury, but no one was observed in gills. The kidney morphology was severely affected, but was reestablished after recovery; an opposite response was observed in liver. Micronuclei and nuclear alterations in erythrocytes were not observed after either exposure or recovery. We call attention to the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potential of LCH in B. amazonicus, emphasizing the importance of substantial studies to ground its use regulations in agriculture and aquaculture activities, since the set of injuries observed poses risk to this fish species.
Estudo químico do fungo Colletotrichum acutatum e sua interação com Citrus sinensis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-06) Gomes, Wesley Faria; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4564802695025792
Brazil remains the world's largest orange producer, accounting for 32% of the total production of oranges and 50% orange juice. The State of São Paulo holds 97% of Brazilian exports of orange juice, possessing one of the largest citrus producing areas of the world. Citrus plants can be affected by various pathogenic agents which highlights the fungus Colletotrichum acutatum, causal agent of citrus post-bloom fruit dropwhich under certain environmental conditions, is in a limiting factor in many citrus production areas. Given the above and seen the importance of disease in the cultivation of citrus, realizes the need for information related to the chemical study of C. acutatum. Thus, this study presents the chemical study of fungal plant pathogen, in addition, discusses the study of plant-microbe interactions, identifying volatiles by HS-SPME-GC-MS as well as characteristic signals compounds produced by plants when infected. Chemical studies of C. acutatum to the isolation of certain diketopiperazines, phenolic compounds, steroids, nucleosides and glycerides. In order to encourage the production of metabolites by the fungus and understand more your metabolism, some modulators (chemical and epigenetic) were used, in addition to the growth of microorganisms in mixed cultures, where it was possible to isolate some metabolites such as 2,5-dihidroximetilfurano and IAA. Aiming to observe the behavior of the flowers as the production of metabolites when infected, the study of plant-fungus interaction, where the pathogen was inoculated in flowers of Citrus sinensis, and these were collected at 2, 4 and 7 days. The volatile components of infected flowers were identified by HS-SPME-GC-MS and compared with the healthy flowers. A methodology for biological assays as mycelial growth, spore germination and appressorium formation was implemented.
Efeitos do treinamento resistido em circuito sobre a composição corporal, capacidades cardiovascular e muscular esquelética e glicemia de jejum em mulheres obesas de peso normal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-07) Ferreira, Fabiano Candido; Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2742278993363133
The Normal weight obesity (NWO) syndrome has been characterized on subjects with normal BMI and high body fat mass percentage (BF%>30 on with women) and is a risk factor for cardiometabolic dysregulation and cardiovascular mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether circuit resistance training (CRT) improves body composition, heart size and functions, cardiometabolic parameters, and cardiorespiratory, cardiovascular and skeletal muscle fitness on women with NWO. Subjects/Methods: Data are mean [95%CI]. Twenty-nine white women participated in the study allocated to three groups: ten NWO-CRT (baseline: BMI=22.4 [21.4-23.3] kg/m2; BF%=44.5 [41.0-48.0]%) performed CRT during ten weeks; thirteen untrained NWO-control (baseline: BMI=21.7 [20.8-22.7] kg/m2; BF%=37.8 [34.6-41.1]%) and six non-obese (BMI=19.2 [17.9-20.6] kg/m2; BF%=23.6 [18.3-29.0]%). At baseline (all groups) and after ten weeks (NWO groups) performed: dualenergy- X-ray-absorptiometry, echocardiography, blood tests, arterial pressure, exercise testing, and total-overload-by-training-session (TOL) was calculated. Results: At baseline NWO-control showed almost double of body fat mass (BF) (22.41 [19.5-25.3] kg) than nonobese (11.88 [9.0-14.8] kg) (p=0.0001), and NWO-CRT had more BF than NWO-control (27.28 [23.9-30.6] kg) (p=0.0227). The NWO-CRT after training: reduced more than 8 kg of BF (p=0.000002); the BF% became lower than NWO-control (33.1 [30.1-36.0] < 37.0 [34.3- 39.6]%, p=0.0423) with 30% of NWO-CRT becoming non-obese; reduced 3 kg of trunk fat mass (p=0.000005); showed fasting glucose (72.8 [69.4-76.2] mg/dl) smaller than NWOcontrol (81.7 [78.6-84.8] mg/dl) (p=0.004) and non-obese (92.7 [86.6-98.8] mg/dl) (p=0.000003); increased TOL (5,087.5 [4,142.5-6,032.5] to 6 963.3 [6,226.4-7,700.2] rep.kg, p=0.0004); increased load at VO2peak (122.5 [106.8-138,2] to 137.5 [118.18-156.82] W, p=0.0051); reduced the double product/load at VO2peak ratio (277.4 [222.1-332.8] to 237.7 [194.2-281.2] mmHg.bpm/W, p=0.0015). The CRT increased left ventricular mass/body surface area ratio (84.29 [78.98-89.6] to 90.29 [81.45-99.12] g/m2, p=0.0215). Conclusions: CRT improves the body composition, cardiovascular and skeletal-muscle fitness and reduces fasting glucose without cardiorespiratory changes on normal weight obese women.
Impactos dos programas para a segurança do alimento (BPF e APPCC) adotados por empresas produtoras de alimentos para animais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-07) Coelho, Raquel Cristina Pelicer; Toledo, José Carlos de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6178141906333006
The need to ensure the quality and safety of food becomes increasingly a concern of the entire food production chain, from primary production to final consumption. Feed industry is an important link in this chain, because the food given to livestock can influence the quality and safety of animal products. To ensure food safety adoption of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), which, for the animal feed industry has become mandatory implementation in Brazil, from 2003 is required, and preventive approach programs like Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP), whose implementation is not mandatory. This dissertation analyzes the internal and external impacts of the implementation of GMP / HACCP factories in the feed industry associated to Sindirações as well as the perceived difficulties during deployment. We conducted a survey research (survey), through a questionnaire sent to companies, yielding 60 response units. The data were analyzed in order to characterize companies, test possible correlations between the study variables and evaluate corporate groupings (clusters) with similar characteristics. Cluster analysis showed three groups, distinguished from each other mainly by the size of the unit and certifications standards for food safety. Although the quality of the product is a general requirement of the sector, the understanding that the adoption of programs to ensure the safety of foods is important for product quality and essential to the quality of food of animal origin food supplied to the final consumer does not seem to be unanimous in researching industry. It was observed that the plants that meet the most demanding markets tend to adopt these programs as well as certification. The main internal impacts, reported after the implementation of GMP / HACCP have been improvements in the occurrence of food security issues and improving the level of training of production employees, with respect to external impacts, the most cited were improved image brand and the improvement in customer satisfaction.
Estudo taxonômico das espécies de Heterospilus Haliday, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) em áreas de Mata Mesófila Semidecídua do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-10) Chiletto, Bernardo de Oliveira; Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7906519137196189
In this paper the genus Heterospilus Haliday (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae), captured in areas of semidecidual mesophytic forests in the State of São Paulo were studied. Collections were made primarily in state parks and ecological stations in São Paulo State, Brazil. Malaise traps, Moericke traps and sweeping the vegetation were used to capture specimens. 638 specimens divided into four morphospecies based on sculpturing of the vertex (dorsal region of the head) were captured. Altogether, 14 new species with smooth vertex, 18 with granulate vertex, 18 with striate vertex and one with rugose vertex were found. The locality with the highest abundance of specimens was Núcleo Picinguaba in Ubatuba (247), followed by Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo in Teodoro Sampaio and Núcleo Santa Virgínia in São Luis do Paraitinga (150 and 115 respectively). From the analysis of Bray-Curtis, there was greater similarity between the fauna of Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo and Núcleo Santa Virgínia with over 80% of similaridae, both with a 60% similarity with Nucleo Picinguaba. Identification keys, description and illustration of the new species were provided. As the length of ovipositor is an important feature to sort of species, were described in this paper only females specimens.
Raciocínio combinatório: uma proposta para professores de matemática do ensino fundamental anos finais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-10) Gerdenits, Gisele Aparecida Massuela; Peixoto, Magda da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0413910306376054; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4887369045051484
This research has as main objective making a manipulative material to work sequences of activities by introducing the notion of Combinatorial Analysis in an intuitive and natural way in elementary school final years. Without using formulas, it presents an encouragement to use the Multiplicative Principle, tree diagram and list of possibilities as an important tool for solving various problems. We started the research making a description of the current curriculum documents in the Department of Education of the State of São Paulo, followed by historical overview and theoretical foundation. The survey was developed with the implementation of three activities with students from the 5th grade - 6 year to 8th grade - 9th year of elementary school in a Public State School in the city of Sorocaba/SP. These activities were designed to find out the students difficulties in the development of problems involving Combinatorial reasoning and to propose manipulative materials at low cost and to help in the construction and understanding of that content, since a big part of students and teachers consider it difficult to understand. These manipulative materials represent the final product of this research and it is hoped that teachers use them in their classrooms to make their classes more dynamic, rich and arousing the interest of the students.
Conflitos entre a ação ergonômica e a percepção dos trabalhadores em uma central de teleatendimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-10) Santos, Carlos Eduardo dos; Menegon, Nilton Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
This thesis aims to confront results of an ergonomic action taken by a company to improve working conditions with the perception and proposals of telemarketing operators, following a literature review and a case study. Concepts of Ergonomics and Ergonomic Work Analysis - EWA show the activity and constraints of the call center operator. Case study presents the ergonomic action taken by the company, its demand, realization strategy and policy recommendations. In field research, interviews were conducted with operators, monitors and supervisors to know their perception of work and difficulties faced. Literature shows that call center operators' work is exhausting and has a strong impact on mental factor, due to poor working conditions. Ergonomic intervention in this workplace becomes necessary in order to minimize impacts of the activity on the operators. It was observed that ergonomic action taken by the company and its policy recommendations are below the awareness of operators aiming for improvements in working conditions. Thus, one question is raised: do ergonomic actions really seek improvement of working conditions, or could it be only a decoy to demonstrate to supervisory institutions that measures are being taken?
Hormônios gonadais influenciam nas respostas ventilatórias à hipercapnia em ratos machos e fêmeas wistar adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-11) Marques, Danuzia Ambrozio; Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7037773715836136
Sex hormones may influence many physiological processes. However, it is still unclear whether sex hormones and hormonal fluctuations that occur during the estrous cycle can affect breathing. Our study aimed to evaluate the ventilation (VE), tidal volume (VT), respiratory frequency (fR), oxygen consumption (VO2) ventilatory equivalent (VE/VO2) and body temperature (Tc) of rats at different stages of estrous cycle (proestrus, estrus, metaestrus and diest responses of intact and orchidectomized (ORX) rats to females in estrous phase (when plasma concentrations of estradiol and progesterone are lower) and ovariectomized (OVX) rats during normocapnia and hypercapnia (7% CO2). VE, VT, fR, VO2 and VE/VO2 were not different among animals in different stages of the estrous cycle in normocapnia and hypercapnia. However, Tc was higher in female rats in estrus. Hormone replacement in females did not change the ventilatory and metabolic parameters. Nevertheless, OVX, OVX+E2 and OVX+EP presented lower ventilatory responses to hypercapnia compared to intact females in estrus phase. Intact animals - both males and females in estrus - showed a higher VE and VE/ VO2 in hypercapnia than castrated animals. We also observed that females in estrus had a higher ventilatory response compared to intact male rats. Thus, our data demonstrated that the different phases of the estrous cycle did not change ventilation in normocapnia and hypercapnia. We also observed that gonadectomy reduces the ventilatory response to CO2. Additionally, rats in estrus have higher ventilatory responses to hypercapnia than males.
Estudos metabolômicos e biossintéticos visando contribuições para a química e taxonomia de microorganismos da família Xylariaceae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-11) Amaral, Luciana da Silva; Rodrigues Filho, Edson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2220942607249351
The PhD work aimed the exploration of fungal metabolism of NICL3 and NICL5, both initially identified as Xylaria sp., isolated as endophytic fungi from Cupressus lusitanica. The investigation of the NICL3 metabolism allowed the isolation and identification of new compounds, one unpublished eremophilane sesquiterpene and a mixture of two cyclic peptides. In addition, from NICL5 were isolated cytochalasins C, D, Q, 18- desoxy cytochalasin Q and trichodepsipeptide. The production of this depsipeptide by NICL5 is very relevant, since there is only one paper in the literature that reports the production of this class of compounf by fungi belonging to Xylaria genus. Another aspect applied in this work was the use of OSMAC approach, through supplementation of different nitrogen sources in the culture medium of NICL5, to obtain new cytochalasins. However, only the administration of NH4Br was promising since it allowed the isolation of 4- hydroxymethyl cytochalasin C a new metabolite. The secondary metabolism NICL5 is strongly guided to the production of cytochalasins C, D and Q, independently of the nitrogen source administered in the culture medium, suggesting that the microorganism is able to perform de novo biosynthesis. Mass spectrometry studies demonstrated that administration of Na15NO3, 15NH4Cl and 15N-glycine led to incorporation of labeled nitrogen into cytochalasin D. Supplementation of the culture medium with 2-13C glycine showed the incorporation of labeled carbon in positions in which the enzyme S-adenosyl methionine is responsible for introducing two methyl groups and one methylene. However, genomic and proteomic studies are essential to prove this process. The NICL5 fungus has an interesting enzymatic potential because it was able to promote reductions of carboxylic acid into alcohol and performs the incorporation of GABA and glucose to the substrate core, when the substrate was p-bromo benzoic acid. This enzymatic potencial appears to be closely related to the eletronic nature of the substrate, since similar reaction occurred with p-cloro benzoic acid and bioreduction occurred also with p-nitro benzoic acid. A collection of fungi belonging to Xylariaceae family, which were identified according to molecular techniques was created. Interestingly NICL3 was classified as Nemania aff. primolutea and NICL5 as Xylaria aff. arbuscula. The identification techniques based on molecular biology, biomarkers profile by MALDI-TOF and metabolic profile by high resolution mass spectrometry of all members of the collection were confronted, and it was verified a good level of agreement between three different techniques.
Prioridades competitivas e inovação organizacional: um estudo de caso integrado na cadeia automotiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-12) Garo Junior, Wagner Roberto; Guimarães, Márcia Regina Neves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9250214706491925; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7239171020639064; Vanalle, Rosângela Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9625205540823263; Rachid, Alessandra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6981682198988902; Saltorato, Patrícia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
This research aimed to evaluate the strategic influence throughout the automotive supply chain, and study how such influence encourages organizational innovations. For this work was carried out a qualitative research through an integrated case study in the automotive segment of companies with business relationships with each other, so that were evaluated: one automaker three tiers and three second-tier suppliers. The results show that there is a strategic alignment between the automaker, systems suppliers and second-tier suppliers, demonstrating a high degree of strategic influence of customers in its suppliers. It was identified that systems suppliers with a greater degree of independence along the automotive supply chain are influenced by lower intensity of automakers than suppliers with greater degree of dependence. Finally, it was found that organizational innovations implemented in second-tier suppliers occur, mostly in response to pressure from customers
Uma abordagem para a decomposição de processos de negócio para execução em nuvens computacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-17) Povoa, Lucas Venezian; Souza, Wanderley Lopes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742302894743620; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0642101583402646
Business Process Management emerged as a means for managing and improving business processes. However providing efficient business processes can demand high costs due to the need of software, hardware, and technical support. Cloud Computing emerged as a means for providing a fast and cheap way of acquiring computational resources in a pay-per-use manner, and can be employed for achieving efficient business processes with low costs. However, due to safety requirements, certain data or activities of a business process should be kept within the user premises, while others can be allocated to a cloud. This master dissertation presents a generic approach for decomposing business process taking into account costs, performance and safety requirements, thus granting greater reliability in the use of cloud resources. This approach is illustrated by means of a case study in the Healthcare domain.
Alunos com deficiência na educação de jovens e adultos em assentamentos paulistas: experiências do PRONERA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-17) Gonçalves, Taísa Grasiela Gomes Liduenha; Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5621711552244157
The history of our country has shown conflicts over land distribution within a context of social inequality and neglect of the public policies. The production in the area of special education that treats people with disabilities living in the countryside is scanty; although legislation guarantees this legitimate right and the official data indicate the existence of such population. Furthermore, the illiteracy rate is high in our country. If we associate the condition of the disabled youngsters and adults living in rural areas, the situation becomes more alarming. Historically, social movements have played significant actions in our country, such as the claim for public policies to eliminate or reduce illiteracy for those who had no access and permanence during school age. It was created in the countryside the National Education Program in Agrarian Reform (PRONERA) which presents for Adolescents and Adults (EJA) a project developed in partnership with higher education institutions and the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA). Recently, the state of São Paulo, PRONERA has set a partnership with the Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (UNIMEP), the INCRA and the Organization of Women Settled and Quilombolas of the State of São Paulo (OMAQUESP) in order to develop the EJA project. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the educational status of the young adults with disabilities in the countryside. The specific objectives were: analyze the interfaces, Special Education, EJA and the Countryside education, social indicators, within legislation and in academic research; analyze the history of special education, adult education and the Countryside Education to understand the difficulties encountered in the process of education of the disabled, illiterate population who live in rural areas; analyze the history and structure of PRONERA, with particular reference to the EJA; analyze under the focus of special education the organization of an EJA school project from PRONERA developed in two settlements in São Paulo. The study was based on critical pedagogy and its principles. The methodological procedures were guided in: 1) collection and analysis of social indicators, especially the school census, the academic literature and legislation; 2) historical analysis of special need education, adult education, the Countryside Education; 3) document analysis of PRONERA, the initial design and the EJA project report conducted in the state of Sao Paulo; 4) interviews with members of the settlements and people who participated in the project of the EJA from PRONERA. The results showed that despite the legislation and social indicators reveal the interface, there is no academic research on young and disabled adults who live and study in the countryside. Once the story of these three themes is marked by the social exclusion organized into targeted policies such as PRONERA, that intending to correct the process of exclusion of the rural population, makes a mistake in silencing over the educational issues involving students with special educational needs. Thus, relating the settlements, the EJA is developed in precarious conditions; therefore, it does not provide specialized educational services to young people and disabled adults who are getting this type of education in the settlements. It is hoped that this study may support the debate over the right to education for all students and promote the knowledge production about the actual living conditions of people with disabilities living in the countryside.
Uma história de Dilma Rousseff em imagens na mídia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-18) Santos, Sidnay Fernandes dos; Baronas, Roberto Leiser; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2216543407273699
Notre recherche a pour but d’analyser les sens donnés à circuler dans le média journalistique par des photographies du visage de Dilma Rousseff et les probabilités que ces sens se constituent en parcours déontiques d’interprétation. Notre théorie de base est l’Analyse du Discours d’orientation française, principalement l’approche de Dominique Maingueneau (2007b ; 2008 ; 2010 ; 2014a), mais nous recourons aussi à l’approche anthropologique au sujet de l’histoire du visage, proposée par Courtine et Haroche (1988) et à une discussion théorique au sujet de la photographie et du photojournalisme. Méthodologiquement, nous nous appuyons sur la notion de récit d’événement, proposée par Guillaumou (2009), et sur la notion de parcours, présentée par Maingueneau (2008) et nous visitons une archive que nous délimitons à partir de l’événement Élections Présidentielles Brésiliennes de l’année 2010 et, par extension, la première année de Gouvernement de la première femme présidente du Brésil. Nous organisons notre matériel au moyen de « l’intrigue narrative » qui aborde la proximité politique entre Dilma Rousseff et Lula qui est narrativisée par le ton de la contradiction et, pour cela, nous nommons Dilma marionnette versus Dilma autonome. Avec pour base ce récit discursif, nous mobilisons des textes qui ont circulé dans les plus divers médiums (revues et journaux imprimés ; revues et journaux en ligne ; blogs) dans les entre-deux de la campagne électorale et de la première année de gouvernement. Nous vérifions comment deux positionnements discursifs antagoniques - Dilma Rousseff traitée dysphoriquement et Dilma Rousseff présentée d’une façon euphorique - se servent d’images photographiques pour construire un parcours interprétatif donné et nous constatons que, dans la sphère de l’activité journalistique, le visage ne parle pas par lui-même, mais il est, au premier plan, « parlé » par une institution médiatique donnée. Les discours qui signifient la relation entre Lula et Dilma Rousseff négativement se centrent sur le sème /Dépendance/, tandis que les discours opposés se centrent sur le sème /Partenariat/. Ainsi, à l’intérieur de ces discours, deux parcours interprétatifs se constituent déontiquement : celui qui présente Dilma Rousseff comme une candidate et présidente dépendante/filleule politique/marionnette qui n’a pas de compétence pour gouverner le pays et celui qui signifie Dilma comme une candidate et présidente partenaire du Gouvernement Lula et compétente pour gouverner le Brésil. Nous constatons encore que la photographie dans le média journalistique brésilien fait abstraction de l’histoire et cela justifie le fait de la grande récurrence de citations et de reprises d’images, dont nous analysons le parcours de circulation. Notre recherche indique encore la viabilité de la théorie de Dominique Maingueneau pour travailler sur la matérialité imagétique.
Biologia e genética de Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818) (Mammalia, Mustelidae): uma revisão e ensaio a respeito do uso de marcadores moleculares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-18) Oliveira, Raphael de; Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
The neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis) is one of the 13 species of otter and has one of the widest geographic distribution, occurring from the north of Mexico until northern Argentina. Along its distribution the species, inhabits a variety of habitats facing different environmental quality levels. The availability of food and places to build burrows are the key factors to its occurrence. The species is defined as top predator and because its generalist habits, it has been suggested as a community structure species. Although the species tend to be generalist it shows a preferences for fishes and crustaceans in its diet. Its IUCN classification (data deficient) is based mainly on studies related to its diet and habitat use. Nevertheless, information about the species still have too much gaps in relation to populations studies, current distribution and environment requirements. This paper aims to review the current status and species information with the purpose of propose future conservation actions for the species, and therefore propose further information to enable a most appropriate classification on the conservation status of the neotropical otter.
Suporte especializado de hardware para geração automática de loop pipelining em FPGAS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-19) Souza, Guilherme Stefano Silva de; Fernandes, Marcio Merino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7278634019537967; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9579251667291494
Loop pipelining is a technique that may offer significant performance improvements, being employed not only in conventional compilation targeting microprocessors, but also by High Level Synthesis (HLS) tools, targeting heterogeneous architectures and hardware accelerators. This work presents a specialized hardware support aiming at facilitate compilation tasks for HLS tools, along with potential advantages in execution performance and total silicon area employed. Two specialized hardware modules are presented: a queue register file and an instruction predication control module.
Determinação dos nucleotídeos inosina 5’monofosfato (5’imp) e guanosina 5’ monofosfato (5´gmp) em extrato industrial de levedura utilizando a quimiometria e a espectrofotometria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-20) Pereira, Regina Andréia Ferrari; Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
It has being proposed in this paper, a spectrophotometric method to determine simultaneously the compounds Inosine 5 'monophosphate (5'IMP) and guanosine 5' monophosphate (5'GMP) in extracts of dry yeast (final product) and process samples using UV-Vis spectrophotometry technique combined with chemometric tools. Nowadays, 5’IMP and 5’GMP can be determined by chromatographic methods which have high operational costs (equipment, consumables and maintenance) and require more time due to the time spent in obtaining the results. Thus, developing methods that provide a fast quantification of compounds at a lower cost is important from the industrial point of view, mainly regarding processes control. The 5’IMP and 5’GMP have absorption wavelength very close (248 and 253nm, respectively), with UV-Vis spectrum overlap. Pirouette software version 4.5 was used to apply chemometric tools, using chromatographic results for the calibration of the regression models. The experimental procedure was based in dilution of the samples and obtaining spectra in the range of 200 to 350 nm. Exploratory analysis was applied from the PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and method of calibration PLS (Partial Least Squares). Three types of pre-processing were used to calculate the PLS models: normalization of the spectrum, first derivative and centering the datas. The calibrating models were validated with different samples from the ones used in the models. The proposed method sets up a simple and low cost strategy to identify the compounds 5’IMP and 5’GMP derivatives from yeast samples increasing the process assertivity, and company productivity.
Câmara de Wilson eletrônica para o auxílio na aprendizagem de física moderna no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-21) D'Andrea, Alexandre Dimas Queiroz; Barros, Marcelo Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8492073994763872; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996032276970027
The introduction of the Teaching of Modern and Contemporary Physics (MCP) in the curriculum of the middle school in Brazil evidenced the need to adapt the activities didacticpedagogical in the classroom, in order to reposition the cognitive and interpretative attitude of the student in a society where technology is an integral part of his daily. In this process of adequacy and implementation of this didactic transposition, teachers have been facing some epistemological obstacles and didactic difficulties. This present work had as objective the development of an Educational Instrument to help in the teaching-learning process of MCP, mainly those related to the topics of Structure of Matter, Radioactivity, Cosmic Rays and Elementary Particles. It follows an epistemological obstacle related to the phenomenology associated with the proposed contents, since they refer to structures and physical phenomena that are not easily and directly observable in the student's everyday life. In this sense, this present work proposes the construction of an Electronic Wilson Cloud Chamber, inspired by the Wilson Cloud Chamber and the Langsdorf s Diffusion Chamber, but using easily obtainable materials and that can be built without great difficulties by teacher. There are several tutorials for constructing them, but the main feature of such chambers is the formation of temperature gradient using solid carbon dioxide (dry ice). However, this product is not easily found, besides being highly sublimable, hindering their storage and large loss occurring overnight. The Electronic Chamber proposed here circumvents this problem by introducing the concept of electronic cooling by electronic solid state thermoelectric modules (Peltier effect), facilitating its transport and use in the classroom. The Educational Instrument shall then be presented to the students in a context of Education by Research or Investigative Methodology, given that many authors advocate the practical activity, laboratorial, the observation exercise and the investigative thinking as being valuable tools from didactic point of view.
Investigação do processo de corrosão do aço API 5L_X65 em meio de bicarbonato e cloreto utilizando serie temporal de imagens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-21) Fraga, Eduardo Fagiani; Mascaro, Lucia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5044362786141483
The carbon steel corrosion process used at in machines and pipelines of oil fields is mainly attributed to the presence of CO2, and H2S dissolved at solution. These compounds usually can to carry the corrosion type more common in this system: the pit corrosion. Depending on operation conditions of the pipe (pressure, temperature), the formation of different corrosion products can occur, as iron carbonate (FeCO3). So, this work presents a pit corrosion study of the API 5L_X65 carbon steel in carbonate solution and different chloride concentrations. The measurements were made at steel samples with and without any heat treatment. The corrosion process was evaluated using the techniques of chronopotentiometry of zero current, to measure the open circuit potential (Eoc), the polarization curve (PC) and chronoamperometry (CA). In all cases was evaluated in situ the metallic surface using an optical microscope (OM). The in situ images were separated into a sequence of micrographs and processed with Image-J software to convert the image into quantitative information. The pits were selected by adjusting the image histogram (Threshold) and then the images were binarized to separate the bottom (steel) from the object (the pits). This procedure makes it possible to quantify black (bit 1) and white (bit 0) regions, to determine which part has been corroded relate the area and number of punctual attacks. The time series of image was acquired at 3 and 120 frames min-1 during the Eoc and CA, respectively. The Eoc was monitored for 9000 s or until its stabilization and the CA was performed polarizing the electrode at 350 mV more positive than Eoc obtained. The electrolyte used was a solution of 0.1 mol L- 1 NaHCO3 and NaCl chloride at different concentrations. A factorial design was made by varying the concentration of chloride ions at 2.25, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 3.75% (w / w) and the temperature was 18.5, 25.0, 40.0, 55.0 and 62.5 °C. In all measurements the Eoc initially presented abrupt drop and after stabilized at potential near -0.69 V. The micrographs in situ obtained during CA showed the formation of pits but it has not been possible to relate the corrosion rate increases with temperature and ion solution increase. Passivation of the surface was observed with the aid of OM considering a slight darkening of the metal surface. The characterization of the films was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that the formation of a film over whole surface and pitting occurs at some points, indicating that corrosion occurs in two forms, localized and generalized.
Os intelectuais da libertação e o intercâmbio educativo: uma leitura gramsciana da Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira (1972 - 1986)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-11-21) Reis, Egberto Pereira dos; Rothen, José Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7689635605346521
This thesis has, as research objective, the Eclesiastic Brazilian REB Magazine,during the period 1972-1986, and how a group of intellectuals interacts in a specific ideology, establishing an educational proposal together with the Basic Ecclesial Communities (BECs). It was raised the hypothesis that the magazine can be a source of understanding and a diffusing way of the intellectual and moral reform and, also, an instrument in search of hegemony. Therefor, as a theoretical reference, it was used Antonio Gramsci s way of thinking, who, in his work Caderno do Cárcere developed a valuable study of magazines. For Gramsci, the importance of the magazines exceeds the purely academic question constituted of the dialectical relationship between intellectuals and working class. It was used, mainly, the concept of war for position to understand the quest for hegemony within the church and state. Thus, this thesis aims to explain how the ideology of libertation of theology was elaborated, explaining its main sources and currents of thoughts, that offer theoretical soundness to this theology. To understand the educational principle, it was analyzed, starting from the concept of positional war, how are waged the hegemony disputes regarding the intellectuals from REB, in a confrontation with the civil society and with the church structure itself. Thus, the concept of organic intellectual was the foundation to identify the intellectuals who published in the magazines and acted in the civil society. The identification of these actors contributed to analyze which disputes were conducted and if in fact, happened the exchange of knowledge, producing, this way, the educational principle. The methodology used was the bibliographic literature having as main source the magazine itself with its editorials and articles. The bibliometric analysis was also used as a way to measure the magazine gathering important informations to understand the type of intellectual his titration on the issues addressed forming a group with the same liberating bias. The thesis seeks to demonstrate, through REB, the existence of a group,that forms a relatively cohesive movement in the search for political, economic and social liberation. In order to do so, it was set up an educational relationship between the people of CEB and the intellectuals, this is the educational principle elaborated by Antonio Gramsci. As a result the education/educator experience was required for the exchange of knowledge between the intellectual and regular people establishing this way, the educational reciprocity. The consequences of these disputes were the presence of a theology that became a reference for intellectual production and especially it identifies itself with the people of BEC in a dialectical party movement according to the Gramsci s notion.The intellectuals of REB, together with people of the grassroots communities formed a Party committed to the social issues in an attempt to change the superstructure.