Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2015-01-28"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Mudanças estruturais na indústria brasileira: uma análise do período de 1995 a 2009
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-28) Figueiredo, Helena Loiola de; Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3455553543736709; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9742167586538708
The objective is to analyze the structural changes in the Brazilian industry between 1995 and 2009 considering its intersectoral relations. The structural causes of change were also identified in the industrial product, value added and employment in the industry; analyzed the evolution of linkages of industrial sectors; and checked the probabilities of change in the degree of linkages of these sectors. Such objectives are achieved with the use of input-output analysis via the method of structural decomposition; calculations of linkages index of Ghosh and Rasmussen / Hirschman; and the Markov chain method. From the data analysis it is evident that the structural changes in the industry, from the process of economic liberalization in the 1990s, were to weaken the intersectoral demand of the Brazilian economy. There was an industrial restructuring with increasing of the intermediate demands of intensive natural resources sectors while, especially the intensive scale sectors and with differentiated technology reduced their intermediate demands. The main relation proven in the study is that between 1995 and 2009 there was a reduction in the share of industry sectors in employment,value added and product and a growth service sectors. This transformation was stimulated by technological changes (structural changes in sectoral linkages) and changes in final demand. In such a way that changes in final demand were that most explained the employment growth, the value added growth and the product growth in the economy. In the other way the technological changes contributed to employment growth e value added growth, but reduced economy product in the period.
Organização do trabalho : ferramentas disponíveis para avaliação e análise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-28) Foltran, Fabiana Almeida; Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8631547579695270; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3445798406709343
Work organization aspects has become increasingly important in the field of ergonomics, since they can affect both the health of workers as productivity, profitability and product quality. Therefore, this thesis has as main objectives to investigate the organization of work in a more conceptual perspective and in a more applied and for that two studies were conducted; one of them being a systematic review and the other a study a application of two different approaches to assessment of the organization. Study 1. Work organization, although currently very studied, does not present a consensus on the concept and also on the tool to be used to evaluate this aspect. This makes it difficult to compare results and to provide scientific evidence. Thus, the aim of the first study was identify the tools available in the literature to assess the organizational aspects of the work environment. Methods: We performed searches in major databases. Two reviewers independently selected relevant studies. We included studies that evaluated the organization of work and reporting tool used for this purpose. The psychometric properties of the tools used in the studies were checked and content of the tools was analyzed in the light of NIOSH concept of work organization. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results and Conclusions: The electronic search yielded 4431 references. At the end of the selection process, 43 studies were included and 15 tools were identified to evaluate the organization of work. The tool used for the most os the studies was the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) (49%). Considering the definition of organization of the NIOSH study, only two tools included 50% of items of that definition. The external context of work was neglected in studies, have been evaluated in a single item by the tool proposed by Howard et al. Few psychometric properties were reported in the studies reviewed. Thus, studies are needed to evaluate more organizational aspects systematically and methodological quality to contribute to the conceptual and operational understanding of this construct. Study 2. After identifying these tools, analysis of its contents and considering that for a more accurate assessment of work organization, it might be necessary to consider both the worker's perspective, as the observer, a second study was proposed with the objective of assess the organizational aspects of nursing staff in both perspectives. Methods: A total of 163 nurses of three sectors of the were analysed. Work organization was evaluated using two tools, the JCQ and the checklist proposed by Howard et al. Data were analyzed descriptively and by statistical tests (Chi-square). Results and Conclusions: There was a significant difference between the three sectors for control (p = 0.050) and social support (p = 0.030). The sectors had common aspects related to the general functioning of the hospital. The different aspects related to the task performed, the content of the work, female predominance in the sectors and the possibility of informal break. Few items of the two instruments correlated with each other, suggesting that they contemplate different aspects of the organization. Therefore, it is suggested that these instruments are used in addition. These results confirm the great variety of instruments identified in Study 1 and therefore the lack of consensus on the definition.
Implementação da disciplina de libras nas licenciaturas em município do interior de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-28) Costa, Otávio Santos; Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de; LACERDA, C. B. F. de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7858612215951381
Experienced in recent decades important legislative advances regarding the rights of persons with disabilities, especially the right to education. In this context, deaf education is contemplated from the recognition of their language features by Law No. 10436 of 2002 ( Law Libras ) and Decree No. 5626/2005 , which regulates provides for bilingual education for the deaf and the means for their development , including the insertion of Libras of discipline in teacher training courses. This study aimed to investigate the implementation process of Libras discipline in Undergraduate courses of higher education institutions in medium-sized city in the state of São Paulo. It was decided to carry out a qualitative research of descriptive nature, conducted with the two public universities, one federal and one state, and a university center of private initiative divided into three parts: Study I, analysis of documents characterization of disciplines of Libras; Study II , interviews with managers and teachers involved in the implementation process of the Libras discipline ; III study , focus groups with graduates of Libras disciplines of the institutions surveyed . All individuals participating in the study signed the Informed Consent Statement. The results point to the strong resistance of the institutions surveyed front to effect of the propositions of the Decree No 5626 /2005 , but also indicate that although separate the process of its implementation contexts, Libras disciplines seem to be heading for a consolidation with features to collaborate for the training of future teachers with respect to the proposed legislation to deaf education.
Deformação plástica severa em temperaturas ambiente e criogênica, de Ti comercialmente puro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-28) Mendes Filho, Anibal de Andrade; Sordi, Vitor Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8364164402481940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4033093647135538
One of the most probable fields of applications of Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) processes is that of biological implants, and the most investigated metallic material in this context is titanium and its alloys. The motivation for the present work follows a general tendency which aims to substitute the Ti-6Al-4V alloy for commercially pure Ti; a prerequisite for such replacement being the mechanical strength enhancement of the latter. Lower cost and the absence of the harmful Al and V justify the substitution. For the purpose of strength enhancement a number of SPD processes are available, but very recent investigations showed that the combination of Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) with rolling or extrusion gives excellent results. In this work SPD was applied to commercial Ti Grade 2 employing (i) four ECAP passes; (ii) same followed by rolling, at room temperature and (iii) same followed by rolling at 100oC. The focus of the investigation is centred on process (iii), its influence on mechanical properties, work hardening capacity, sensitivity to strain rate, grain size and microstructure. Highest mechanical strength among all other process conditions was produced by only two ECAP passes plus rolling at 100oC. This was achieved by the establishment of a very small grain size and a high density of dislocations. The sub-zero mode of deformation also affected positively the high cycle fatigue behaviour, the Charpy fracture energy and the thermal stability; that was determined by microhardness measurements and calculation of the activation energy for recrystallization employing DSC. Additionally were investigated a series of properties here called technological properties of utmost importance for the final product: Results show that sub-zero SPD is harmful to machinability, benefits corrosion and produces screws for bone implants whose torque limit is above this product specifications but its torque fracture angle is smaller than for the Ti-6Al-4V alloy.