Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2015-01-30"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 16642

Scaffolds de óxido de titânio e biosilicato para aplicações médicas e odontológicas obtidos com o uso de partículas orgânicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-30)
Fernandes, Mérilin Cristina dos Santos
;
Paulin Filho, Pedro Íris
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9542027656569433
;
Morelli, Márcio Raymundo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991
Scaffolds are an alternative to natural grafts to help bone regeneration in large bone defects. Regardless of the material chosen for its manufacture, scaffold should have a suitable dimensional microenvironment to promote osteogenesis and an appropriate mechanical stability for the defect site. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a highly biocompatible ceramic with good osteoconductive properties and high reliability mechanical; biosilicate has excellent bioactivity level. Thus, in order to fabricate scaffolds allying positive mechanical strength and bioactivity characteristics necessary to a good product, biosilicate was pioneered combined with TiO2. Among the techniques available for scaffolds production, the sacrificial template method, in which porosity is generated by thermal elimination of organic materials added to the ceramic matrix, has a low cost, simplicity and versatility. Different sacrificial agents were tested and the presentation of sawdust as a promising material in scaffolds manufacture proved to be innovative and satisfactory. Microstructural analyzes showed that controlled addition of wood sawdust amounts generated a homogeneous and highly interconnected pore structure with 63% apparent porosity and an average pore size higher than 200 μm. Bioactivity tests in SBF showed that after 4 days of immersion has already observed starting precipitation of hydroxycarbonate apatite in products with biosilicate, and after 12 days of immersion the scaffold was fully covered by this mineral. Mechanical tests allowed evaluating the scaffolds behavior when they are requested by tensile efforts, and revealed for samples with maximum porosity obtained, higher values of strength for samples containing biosilicate. The produced scaffolds had success in the pore structure obtained by sacrificial template method being biosilicato addition guaranteed improvements in bioactivity and mechanical strength.
Manejo genético para a conservação ex situ do Mutum-do-Sudeste, Crax blumenbachii (aves, cracidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-30)
Costa, Mariellen Cristine
;
Francisco, Mercival Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2645130303841091
Captive populations of endangered species are often small, isolated, and founded by a limited number of individuals, which makes them more susceptible to genetic drift and inbreeding effects. Thus, the preservation of the maximum genetic variability is a major concern of captive breeding programs, and understanding the levels of population structuring and genetic variability is important for developing management strategies of captive populations. The Red-billed Curassow (Crax blumenbachii) is endemic to the Brazilian lowland Atlantic Forests and is considered extinct in most of its original distribution. A captive breeding program was initiated during the 70s with the independent foundation of two breeding stocks, that posteriorly supplied animals to other aviaries. With the success of the captive propagation, a reintroduction program has started in 1991, and more than 226 animals have been released into the wild so far. However, animals descending from only one aviary have been used, and the capability of other lineages to increase genetic variability in these, and future released populations, has never been investigated. Then, we analyzed the genetic structure and diversity of the founders and two further important breeding facilities reproducing this species, using 8 microsatellite loci. Bayesian clustering analysis revealed two distinct groups that were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and did not present significant evidences of inbreeding. The existence of two distinct lineages in captivity has implications for breeding and reintroduction programs. We recommend populations to be managed as independent units, but admixted individuals should be produced as a manner to increase reintroduction success.
Estudo das propriedades dos filmes de fosfato de cálcio produzidos pela técnica de sputtering
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-30)
Piraja, Juliana
;
López, Johnny Vilcarromero
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6059162410604594
;
Cruz, Térsio Guilherme de Souza
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0705292304279277
The study of calcium phosphate coatings, in particular hydroxyapatite for applications on metal implants, has increased in order to improve the interaction between the tissue and the implant. In this work, calcium phosphate thin films were deposited by rf-sputtering and rf-magnetron sputtering techniques over Si and Ti substrates. For the films deposited by rf-sputtering the target was pressed at 2,5x103 kg and sintered at 600° C for 1 h. For the films deposited by rf-magnetron sputtering the target was pressed in the range of 1,5x103 kg to 3,5x103 kg and sintered in the range of RT (room temperature) to 750° C for 1 h. The chemical structure, composition and morphology of the coatings were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared transmission (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), thickness measurements and bioactivity evaluation over biologic fluid in vitro (SBF) procedures on the sample were made. The purpose of this work was evaluate the influence of the deposition parameters used in the sample prepared by rf-sputtering such as self bias voltage and substrate temperature on the structural properties and physicochemical characteristics of coatings. By the analysis of X-ray diffraction in samples prepared by rf-sputtering and rf-magnetron sputtering it was noted a significant crystallization of coatings resulting from the presence of (002) and (112) peaks and 30 nm grain size. Infra-red spectra results of the samples prepared by rf-sputtering and rf-magnetron sputtering showed one vibration frequency normally observed on hydroxyapatite samples at 1030 cm-1 and 520 cm-1. The presence of this very intense and defined bands indicated that the phosphate bands are well-ordered and similar to the hydroxyapatite s structure. EDS analysis showed that the ratio between the atomic concentration Ca/P of thin films prepared by rf-sputtering decreased with the increase of rf power. On the other hand, a ratio of 1,67 was obtained for coatings prepared by rf-magnetron sputtering. It was also observed that the maximum deposition rate occurred in samples prepared by rf-sputtering at 200°C. SEM analysis revealed the presence of hydroxyapatite grains uniformly distributed in the films prepared by both techniques. These results indicate that the films have potential for biomedical applications.
Influência do defeito tipo cunha no comportamento mecânico de juntas de liga de alumínio 2198 soldadas por fricção por ponto (FSpW)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-01)
Barros, Pablo Aronne Funchal de
;
Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2543672908474005
One of the main considerations in selecting materials to manufacture aircraft structures is related to weight saving [1]. In this context, the promising aluminum-lithium alloys have been receiving special attention in aerospace applications due to its attractive combination of low density, high specific strength and corrosion resistance [2-5]. Due to difficulties joining these alloys by conventional welding processes associated to their high thermal conductivity and low melting temperature, solid-state joining technologies emerge as great possibilities to simultaneously solve problems of solidification defects and increasing weight. The feasibility of Friction Spot Welding (FSpW) in joining sheets of lightweight material (e.g. aluminum alloys) places this technology as a potential replacement to the spot-like joint processes, as resistance spot welding (RSW) and laser spot welding (LSW), for application in automotive and aerospace industries [6-8]. In this work, the influence of hook defect on the lap shear strength (LSS) of AA2198-T8 friction spot welds was studied. The effects of process parameters was evaluated in terms of LSS and related to the microstructural configurations. The values of hook length measurements and the LSS were used as response in optimization process developed using the statistical tool of DoE technique with Taguchi Method. Finally it was possible to compare the hook behavior with lap shear strength results. The higher influence on the weld performance was exerted by plunge depth whereas rotational speed was found to be a less significant parameter. Through the minimization of the hook defect, a beneficial response on the weld performance was observed, which was associated to the absence of a potential site for crack nucleation. In spite of inherent discontinuities, promising results were found for aluminum joints for aerospace applications.
Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática de médicos e enfermeiros da estratégia saúde da família em relação à incontinência urinária feminina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-02)
Rocha, Ana Carolinne Portela
;
Callegari, Fernanda Vieira Rodovalho
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6123189460389930
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5179370667311806
Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as the complaint of any involuntary loss of urine. It is a highly prevalent condition in women which impacts strongly their quality of life. In spite of this, it remains underdiagnosed and undertreated because a great number of women doesn´t seek for treatment, health professionals don´t ask them about these symptoms and/or they don´t provide appropriate treatments to women. In Family Health Strategy (FHS), physicians and nurses, who are general professionals, provide urogynecology assistance. This study aimed to examine knowledge, attitudes and practice of physicians and nurses from the FHS in a city into São Paulo state about female UI. This is a cross sectional study, classified as a survey on primary care. At total 33 FHS´s professionals participate of the study, being 15 physicians and 18 nurses. To collect data was developed and used a self-application questionnaire with open and closed questions. Results show that most professionals have an adequate level of knowledge about UI´s clinical propaedeutic. However, a great number of them doesn´t know complementary tests and treatment for the initial management of UI in women, mainly for the Urgency UI. In general, there wasn´t significant difference at level of knowledge between physicians and nurses about UI, except the fact that nurses were more familiar with the current definition of UI than doctors. Related to the attitudes, the majority considers that doing diagnostic investigation and treatment of non-complicated UI are part of their attribution. About the practice, an expressible amount of these professionals doesn´t prescribe pelvic floor strengthening exercises, doesn´t perform popular education in health actions with the women or doesn´t promote permanent education with the health team in their working places. These findings suggest the requirement for investment in matrix support teams, such as Support Centre for Family Health (NASF) or by the partnership with graduation and post graduation health courses from local universities.
A biomassa de macrófitas flutuantes como suplemento alimentar para o cultivo de organismos aquáticos: estratégia de manejo que favorece o rendimento econômico e ambiental na piscicultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-03)
Proença, Maíra Alcântara
;
Verani, José Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7800633821187899
Macrophytes, in specific circumstances, may have accelerated growth to the point of becoming undesirable and harmful to the environmental balance. When this occurs, appropriate disposal methods are required, or preferably, the economic and environmentally friendly use of the macrophyte biomass. Thus, studies aiming to develop management strategies or to promote the use of macrophyte biomass as a source of energy to other aquatic organisms may contribute to the development of control techniques, or costeffective strategies to increment the development of aquaculture, decreasing production costs. The present research study aimed to test the use of macrophytes as a nutritional supplement to culture zooplankton with potential to be used as live food for juveniles of fishes and to test the inclusion of the biomass of two species of macrophytes Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia minima as an ingredient of fish rations. Analyses were carried out regarding the nutritional characteristics of the macrophytes and their dried biomass was crushed and added at increasing proportions to replace the algae, usedas a foof control. Experiments were carried out to measure individual and population growth rates and the reproductive performance of two species of Cladocera whose diet was supplemented with the weeds. The treatments with the inclusion of the macrophyte P. stratiotes as a food supplement for Daphnia laevis and Moina micrura resulted in similar or superior performance of that in the control, regarding individual and population growth rate, reproductive performance in the treatments where the algal biomass was replaced by 25% and 50% of P. stratiotes. Experiments were conducted with the tilapias where they were fed on diets formulated including percentages of 5, 10, 15 and 20% of the dry crushed biomass of the macrophytes. The greatest weight gain and individual growth was obtained with the diet with inclusion of 15% of the biomass of P. stratitotes, than the diet with 10% of S. minima resulting in lower production costs than that of the control diet. We suggest, therefore, the use of biomass in P.stratiotes with inclusion levels of 10% or 15% in the feed ration in order to ensure both economic and environmental benefits. The weeds that are often used to treat aquaculture effluents have great potential as a food supplement for zooplankton, and also as raw material for the production of fish feed. The use of this biomass is beneficial both as a management strategy of the fish pond and the economy fish cultures, resulting in both economic and environmental benefits
Propriedades espectroscópicas da ação antimicrobiana do peptídeo polycerradin
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-03)
Nascimento, Isabella Sampaio do
;
Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8257371551653352
The spectroscopy is a technique based on light-matter interaction, which provides information about the composition and structure of molecules. For this reason, it is used in various fields of science, including the biology. There are various types of spectroscopy, based on different physical phenomena, however, in this article, we had addressed only two types: Raman and photoluminescence. Raman spectroscopy consists in the analysis of the inelastic scattering of radiation by focusing on a molecule. The light-matter interaction in this case results in a molecular vibrational energy change. On the other hand, the photoluminescence spectroscopy analyzes the radiation emitted by molecules due to electronic transitions induced by absorption of a photon. This study addresses the application of both techniques in the problem of combating pathogenic microorganisms. Some fungi and bacteria are causative of serious diseases and, therefore, the enhancement of efficiency in identifying and combating these microorganisms is of great interest to public health. This work aimed the application of Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence to the identification of three pathogenic microorganisms and changes in the spectra emitted by them by adding an antimicrobial agent. In this study a novel peptide with antifungal and antibiotic action was used, called polycerradin, with biological activity demonstrated by agar diffusion tests. The spectra obtained by the Raman scattering technique were not conclusive, since there was photoluminescence emission concomitantly. However, the photoluminescence spectra showed a significant decrease in peak intensity at 695 nm when the ELP was added, for all three microorganisms studied. These results demonstrate, therefore, the great potential application of photoluminescence spectroscopy not only for the identification of microorganisms as well as for determination of the inhibition and/or killing of the same by adding an antimicrobial agent. As a future prospect, we aim to develop a biosensor based on photoluminescence technique, to be used in the identification and monitoring of micro-organisms. This biosensor could be applied in various areas such as medical, food industry, sanitary, among others.
Políticas públicas de avaliação na perspectiva docente: desdobramentos da Provinha Brasil, Prova Brasil e SARESP para o trabalho de professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-03)
Martins, Priscila de Paulo Uliam
;
Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214
In the past two decades the external evaluations have influenced public educational institutions in Brazil. Educational programs, public policies, educational practices and curricula are being rethought to meet the goals of evaluations such as Prova Brasil and SARESP. However, few discussions have focused on the perspective of the professionals who are directly affected by the results of these evaluations: the teachers. In this context, the objective of this research was to analyze the consequences of the external evaluations, Prova Brasil, Provinha Brasil and SARESP, on the teaching work, from the perspective of teachers from two primary schools in a medium-sized city in the state of São Paulo. This research is qualitative and was carried out by means of a structured questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with teachers. The bibliographic and documentary research was based on studies of official publications on external evaluation, as well as the critical theoretical framework assumed in the study. The survey results indicated that most teachers had no objection to the implementation of external evaluation itself. However, the criticism settled on the processes they proportionate. Through the data analysis it can be inferred that the external evaluations have stimulated competition among schools. The race for results, besides generating an environment of pressure and stress, ultimately guides the work of teachers towards training for testing. One highlight was the criticism of teachers on the bonus for results in São Paulo.
Formação de professores para educação musical: base de conhecimento necessária para a docência on-line
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-03)
Colabardini, Júlio César de Melo
;
Oliveira, Marcia Rozenfeld Gomes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1142442570155148
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5855267359776889
This work focuses on teacher learning and new knowledge towards the use of digital technology resources and its relation to the professional development of teachers working in Music Education courses Distance. The guiding questions were: What skills are required for teacher training in music education to work with digital technology resources, particularly in Distance Education? How these new learnings contribute to the professional development of teachers? The justification of this research permeates the relevance and topicality of the subject and deployment, relatively recent, the first three graduate courses in Brazil Music taught in distance education mode - UFSCar, UNB and UFRGS - observed the need for discussion of different aspects of the area of Musical Distance Education, especially the discussion on teacher training and educational alternatives in teaching in these institutions. Regarding the methodological procedures was followed a qualitative, descriptive and analytical approach. The study gathered six active teachers in Undergraduate Music courses in distance education mode, three of UNB and three UFSCar. Questionnaires were applied online, formed of objective and essay questions. The questionnaire was also used to select the subjects that were interviewed. The interviews were conducted online, focusing on the deepening of the data and filling gaps left by the questionnaire. The theoretical framework used in this work include the following topics: Distance Education, Teacher Training, Technology and Music Education. To guide and organize the development of this research this study was organized into four chapters: 1. Considerations training possibilities in contemporary society, TDIC and Music Technology. 2. Teacher Training and Distance Education. 3. methodological research course. 4. Analysis of the data. Finally, the conclusion, resumed the guiding questions of this work and the main elements of this work, looking for answers and highlighting certain aspects the light of the theoretical framework presented, finally seeking the completion of this work.
LALPC: uma ferramenta para compilação de programas em C para exploração do paralelismo de loops em FPGAs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-04)
Porto, Lucas Faria
;
Menotti, Ricardo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2509766431540422
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2383360392057247
The physical limitations of silicon forced the industry to develop solutions that exploit the processing power of combining several general purpose processors. Even complex supercomputers that have multiple processors, they are still considered to inefficient processes that require large amounts of arithmetic operations using floating point data. Reconfigurable computing is gaining more space to have a performance close to a specific purpose devices (ASIC), and yet keep the flexibility provided by the architecture of general purpose processors. However, the complexity of hardware description languages often becomes a problem to the development of new projects. Tools for high-level synthesis have become more popular, they allow the transformation code in high-level hardware simply and quickly. However, solutions found in current tools generate simple hardware that does not exploit the techniques to improve the pipeline in hardware. This paper presents the development of techniques to exploit processing parallelism of the reconfigurable devices through programs described in language C. These techniques identify loops and improve the performance in hardware. As a result, we have improved in the high-level synthesis process generating optimized hardware.
Comportamento reprodutivo do tangará-dançarino, Chiroxiphia Caudata (aves Pipridae) em uma área de Mata Atlântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-04)
Zima, Paulo Victor Queijo
;
Francisco, Mercival Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233
;
Paulo Victor Queijo
The family Pipridae is endemic to the Neotropics, having frugivorous habits. Males of some species make complex sexual displays to attract the females, and they live in the middle stratum of tropical forests. Of 51 species, 29 have their nests described, five have incubation periods descriptions, and six have nestling periods reported. The Blue Manakin, Chiroxiphia caudata, is common in humid and secondary forests of southeastern Brazil, northeastern Argentina and eastern Paraguay and its breeding biology is poorly documented. Here analyzed 36 active nests in two breeding seasons (2013/2014 and 2014/2015) in a well-preserved Brazilian Atlantic Forest continuum. Nests were swallow cups hung by their rims in horizontal forks, built in bushes or saplings, over or near forest streams. Reproductive activities were recorded from October to February and clutch sizes were invariably two eggs. Incubation period was 18 days, and nestling period was 15 - 16 days. Estimated overall nesting success, from egg-laying to fledging, was 40%, being higher than most studies on piprids that have been conducted in disturbed habitats. Our data give support to the theory that in the Pipridae family only females provide parental care.
O impacto do processo de financeirização sobre a estrutura social nas empresas: estudo de caso no setor elétrico paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-04)
Matsuda, Patricia Mari
;
Donadone, Julio César
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9302285145256743
With the process of financialization of the economy, companies are reorganizing themselves. In front of this, the present work has as main objective observe the process of financialization and its impact on the social structure of a company that went through the privatization process. Also, analyze in the corporate environment, (the new) forms of organizational management and production, as well its key actors and their forms of interrelationship. This work is based on Political Economics, with studies in the financialization process rooted in culture, history and policy of a company that has undergone in a series of transformations. This research develops how the company changes its conception of control, and how this change has an impact in its overall structure. Thus, the scope of this work focused on an exploratory study in Eletropaulo. The central importance of the study in the Brazilian electric sector is that this sector has undergone to the most radical changes in the financialization since 1990. However, any research on the built of the executive s careers, in this Brazilian context, has been done so far. The analysis of curriculum is the most important contribution from this case study research. As a research procedure of this work, were combined quantitative and qualitative methods. In order to analyze the careers of executives of AES Eletropaulo, were collected the curriculum of the Board and Directors, since its appearance as state-owned company in 1979 to the year 2012. It is applied a cumulative frequency analysis and other correspondence multiple analysis to study these curricula. Also, to see how the company was restructured as a whole after the change of ownership, were used other qualitative tools, such as questionnaires and interviews to key players in the buying and selling process. To develop this thesis, the case study will be separated into three parts. In the first are analyzed and presented data, in the form of graphs, related to the performance indicators of the company's case over his years before and after privatization. The second part is related to the new organizational management, which refers to the shareholding after the sale of the company, thus, opens up the discussion to the internationalization of ownership and National Development Bank in Brazil - BNDES, being the major shareholders of AES Eletropaulo an international company and BNDES. And in the third, the focus is on the analysis of the careers of executives of this company, and how they constructed and reconstructed their careers after major changes. As result, it was observed that the case company has undergone a series of transformations, including the creation of a new identity. The Government acts in two different moments at the same company. It is observed in this study that the pressure of these new owners have consequences in organizational design and composition of the power of the company to a search for maximization of the value of the company. And the executives of the company had to find ways to rebuild their careers in accordance with the new financial logic at the moment. The present analysis also extends to the electricity utility workers and their vulnerabilities occurred by the financialization process.
Ambientalização universitária: o olhar dos estudantes da UFSCar para as questões ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05)
Vieira, Marisa Sartori
;
Zuin, Vânia Gomes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5265150425993880
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7590495006139255
The process known as greening universities refers to the introduction of environmental issues in the teaching-research-extension and management fronts. Considering the various initiatives of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) insert the environmental education in the curricula and management, this study aimed to assess what form and how is this process in view of undergraduate students in chemistry and Pedagogy in three campuses UFSCar (São Carlos, Araras and Sorocaba). To this end, a virtual tool known as "Sustainability Test" was used (www.projetosustentabilidade.sc.usp.br) to assess sustainability practices in academic spaces. The themes analyzed in this study were divided in four categories: a) Environmental Management (waste management, water, energy, mobility / accessibility, green areas and green technologies); b) curriculum greening (environmental education in teaching / curriculum); c) Involvement and Participation d) The role of universities face to environmental issues. In addition to the questionnaire, interviews were conducted focus group type and consulted institutional legislation concerning the issue investigated. While acknowledging the Environmental Education (EE) in the institution, it was observed that most students of both courses were unaware of the actions related to environmental management, especially in the campus of San Carlos. The theme of "green technologies" still seemed far from the Education field, as well as the Science-Technology-Society-Environment Approach (CTSA). The main difficulty pointed out by students for their involvement in environmental issues is the lack of time and information, which may be a priority target given to the theme in these spaces. According to the data collected, the role of universities would be to invest in educational processes and disseminate scientific knowledge, approach the community, addressing EA critically. It was found that the promotion of reflection and dialogue between institutional subjects that carry different views on the greening of HEIs should be seen as necessary strategies to face the challenges inherent in such a process.
Escala de metacognição: evidências de validade, precisão e estabelecimento de normas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05)
Pascualon-Araujo, Jussara Fátima
;
Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6944428231595473
The thoughts and knowledge that individuals have about their own thoughts and cognitive processes correspond to metacognition. This concept has different aspects, but by focusing on the area of education, the skills involved in cognitive monitoring and self-regulation are the most relevant. Metacognitive skill assume that status because it allow the individual to assess their performance during the execution of tasks and if he conclue that it is not reaching the target set, he can change the strategies being used by more efficient ones. The use and mastery of skills to monitor and self-regulate cognitive activities are important for learning. Therefore, it is understood that the stimulation of such skills could be an alternative for achieving better academic performance. However, before stimulating, conducting assessment of metacognitive repertoire of students is required. The national literature demonstrated lacking in tools to measure child s metacognition and, in a previous study, the Metacognition Scale (EMETA) to assess these skills in children 9-12 years of age has been established. This study aimed to continue the analysis of the psychometric properties of the scale, more specifically to the analysis of evidence of validity based on the internal structure, the accuracy of the scale and the relationship with other variables such as gender, type of school, age and school year . It also investigated the correlation between performance in EMETA and Learning Strategies for Assessment Scale for Elementary Education (EAVAP-EF) and the grades in the subjects of Portuguese and Mathematics. Later, there was the confirmatory analysis to verify that the model found in the exploratory factor analysis fit the theoretical model used as the basis and preliminary standards for the scale to gender and age was elaborated. The results show that EMETA was composed of two factors, namely: a) Metacognition Knowledge b) Metacognitive Monitoring and Cognitive Strategies that explain 34% of the variance of the scale and precision of the 0,805. Statistically significant differences in performance was found for the variables gender, age and school year and the value for correlation between Metacognition Scale and EAVAP-EF was 0.48 considered good for instruments that measure similar constructs. Finally, participants with higher grades were also those who had higher scores on the scale.
Análise da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e da pressão arterial sistólica na síndrome da fragilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05)
Buto, Marcele Stephanie de Souza
;
Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8336705133403404
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7436622763487036
Frailty is related to a decrease in the physiological reserves that causes a difficult to maintain homeostasis. The analysis of heart period (HP) and blood pressure (BP) variabilities can contribute to the understanding of cardiovascular homeostasis in the frailty syndrome. Objective: To compare HP and BP variabilities in frail, prefrail and nonfrail, un supine and orthostatic positions, by univariate and bivariate analysis. Methods: 39 elderly were evaluated and distributed in frail, prefrail and nonfrail groups, accordingly to frailty phenotype. The RR interval (RRi) and the systolic BP (SBP) series were registered for 15 minutes in the supine position and 15 minutes in orthostatic position. Univariate analysis (RRi: mean, variance, LFnu, HFabs and LF/HF and the SBP: mean, variance and LFabs) and bivariate analysis (phase, gain (α) and coherence (K2)) were performed. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA test was used for the statistical analysis; a 5% significance level was considered, along with group, position and interaction effects. Results: Univariate analysis do not detected changes in frailty syndrome. However, in the bivariate analysis frail presented lower K² than nonfrail in orthostatic position. Prefrail and frail reported a significant decrease in K² values in orthostatic position in comparison to the supine. Conclusion: Univariate analysis of HP and BP variabilities do not change when frailty syndrome is present. However, bivariate analysis indicated decoupling between HP and BP in frailty presence. Thus, a reduced K2 might be a marker of frailty process.
Invasividade de Hedychium coronarium J. Köenig (Zingiberaceae) em diferentes umidades do solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05)
Almeida, Renata Vilar de
;
Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1349296611385947
Biological invasion is a threat to biodiversity, due to competition for resources between invaders and native organisms, decreasing the overall biodiversity. So, studies about the invasiveness of the ecossystems and invasion potential of exotic plants several environments must be taken to control this species. Hedychium coronarium, from the Himalayas, is an example of a high invasivisiness plant, taken to different places in the world, mainly due to ornamental uses. This study evaluated the development (height, diameter, birth and ramets mortality and internal rhyzome anatomy) of plants under different moisture contents, in in situ and in vitro experiments. We found the existence of plasticity for both vegetative ramets growth, and the internal rhyzome anatomy, which may contribute to the invasive potential of this plant.
Efeito químico de aditivos em suspensões aquosas de magnésia para potenciais aplicações em concretos refratários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05)
Santos, Ana Maria dos
;
Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
Magnesium oxide is an important subject of investigation because of its physical and chemical properties, mainly for its application to refractory ceramics. However, magnesium oxide hydration generates its hydroxide, Mg(OH)2, which may cause a volumetric expansion, possibly tightening and damaging components made from this material. These factors are limiting for the use in refractory castables and, as a result, most studies regarding this application is focused on minimizing its harmful effects. In order to minimize the effects of hydration on refractory compositions, this work evaluated two types of magnesia presenting different reactivity, caustic and sinter magnesia, with additives (CaCl2, MgCl2, CaF2, MgF2, acetic acid, magnesium acetate, citric acid and EDTA). The results indicated that the soluble salts (CaCl2 and MgCl2) accelerated the hydration, diminishing the apparent volumetric expansion, increasing the mechanical strength and the hydration heat. Because the addition of insoluble salts (CaF2, MgF2) promoted a reduction in the hydration degree, however, samples showed cracks, became crispy, and presented low mechanical strength. In the case of adding acetic acid or magnesium acetate, it occurred a precipitation acceleration of brucite, Mg (OH)2, as a result of the acetate ion complexation power generated, being mechanical resistance of the acetate greater than the acetic acid. The chelating agents (citric acid and EDTA) had distinct behaviors: the citric acid caused hydration decrease because of the absorption effect; and EDTA caused hydration increase as a result of its Mg2+ ions complexation power. It may be concluded that additives, presented in the compositions studied herein, are promising materials for refractory application, assuming that the additives hydrating will improve refractories mechanical strength, and those decreasing the hydration must be incorporated to other materials to improve their performance.
Efeito do nado sustentado sobre o metabolismo intermediário e antioxidante de matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05)
Fabrizzi, Fernando
;
Moraes, Gilberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1144207796332494
The significant increase in fish consumption in recent decades has led to considerable extractive exploitation that can bring harmful consequences to the environment and the community living the fishing sustainable exploitation. Therefore, it is essential the search for ways to mitigate this condition. The fish farming development appears as an alternative capable of contribute to the solution of this problem, since it would be possible to maintain the social demand for fish. In a strategic way, the exercise have been standing out by the effects produced directly on animal physiology. On fish, there is sustained evidence that swimming practices brings improvements in hematological parameters, in the metabolic profile of the animals and that may lead them to have great benefits into health and well-being. In study was evaluated the hematological and metabolic parameters and antioxidant response of Brycon amazonicus under control or not of sustained swimming and submitted or not to nitrite excess stress. Currently a major problem in recirculation systems face in fish farming in their biological filters.The submitted animals to sustained swimming activity had an attenuation indicative metabolic adjustment on the stress caused by nitrite. The animals on sustained swimming effects optimizes the carbohydrates oxidation aiming the energy production, thereby minimizing amino acids oxidation for this purpose. Similarly, the fish that were submitted to sustained swimming had produced reduced FOX values, indicating that this swimming activity can be a great tool against oxidative stress. In conclusion, Matrinxãs adapted to sustained swimming have a better ability to face oxidative stress caused by environmental nitrite, making changes hematological, biochemical and metabolism, which can improve oxidative metabolic processes.
Cultivo hidropônico de alface com água de reúso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-06)
Cuba, Renata da Silva
;
Souza, Claudinei Fonseca
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4858219292242433
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6176952602937083
The water for many years was considered inexhaustible, and only in recent decades, became aware of the shortage and the need to rationalize their use, look for ways to reuse and recovery of its quality. In this search context for reuse alternatives, the use of treated sewage sludge in agriculture can become an important tool in water management. Therefore this study evaluated the production of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) using hydroponic reuse water from sewage treatment plant. The experiment was conducted at Agricultural Science Center - UFSCar, in Araras, SP, in the greenhouse. Crops occurred from February to March (summer) and July-August (winter) 2014. The hydroponic system adopted was the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), three treatments, with the first supply of water and fertilizers (TA ), the second with sewage treated and supplemented with fertilizers according to results of previous chemical analysis (TRA), and the third only treated sewage (TR), distributed in four randomized blocks. Each treatment consisted of four plots (stands), a 500 L tank for storing the nutrient solution, a motor pump assembly and a timer. Four polypropylene hydroponic profiles with 3 meters long were used in each bench, with 48 plants per plot, totaling 192 plants per treatment. We evaluated the fresh weight, nutritional status and the microbiological quality culture, and the amount of fertilizer used in the treatments. The fresh weights were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. Only the TR treatment showed a significant difference compared to the other, in which the plants showed symptoms of deficiency and have significant reduction in fresh weight (p <0.01). There was no detectable presence of E.coli in any treatment, and it was possible to obtain a saving of fertilizers in some of TRA compared to TR. These results suggest the feasibility of reusing water application as a water source for hydroponics, with the necessary corrections, and that the hydroponic profile can act as a barrier to prevent contact of the effluent with the lettuce leaves, according to the conditions and care adopted in handling.
Predadores de ninhos em uma comunidade de aves da Mata Atlântica do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-06)
Silva, Lais Ribeiro da
;
Francisco, Mercival Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2453022793635681
The loss of nests is the main cause of failure in the birds reproduction, so predation becomes an important component in the events related to life history adaptations. An adaptation widely recognized is the smallest cluth size in tropics than temperate areas. One of the main hypotheses that try to explain this fact is the Skutch’s hypothesis, which predicts that predation rates are higher in the tropics and increase according visitation rate of parental in nest. Predation is also commonly associated with decline of birds population in fragmented areas, the mesopredators release hypothesis is widely used to explain this fact. This hypothesis predicts that in fragmented areas the top predators are the first to become extinct, leading to an increase in the density of mesopredators, which increases the nests predation rate, resulting in a decline of birds. Thus, the main goal was to identify nest predators in Atlantic Forest using cameras trap, allowing to infer about some assumptions of Skutch’s hypothesis and "mesopredators release". During two breeding seasons 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 were found 154 nests of 28 species of birds, of which 41 were preyed (26.62%). The contribution of each type of predator (day x nocturnal) can be evaluated and corroborated with the premise of Skutch’s hypothesis, they are mainly diurnal predators. There were no differences between the stages of the nesting cycle (incubation and nestling), so it was not possible to relate the predation with the activity of parents. The predation rate for the study area was low when compared with other studies, this can occur due to the area be well preserved and continuous, unlike most studies that are conducted in disturbed areas. Mostly identified nest predators are part of the diet of top predators, but there is indirect evidence (diet) that the smaller cats are probably more important to control density of nest predator, like small marsupials. Although the birds are not commonly quoted in these studies, they contributed greatly to the predation rates presented, reinforcing the importance of further studies on the birds fit in this context.