Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2015-02-03"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

A biomassa de macrófitas flutuantes como suplemento alimentar para o cultivo de organismos aquáticos: estratégia de manejo que favorece o rendimento econômico e ambiental na piscicultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-03) Proença, Maíra Alcântara; Verani, José Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7800633821187899
Macrophytes, in specific circumstances, may have accelerated growth to the point of becoming undesirable and harmful to the environmental balance. When this occurs, appropriate disposal methods are required, or preferably, the economic and environmentally friendly use of the macrophyte biomass. Thus, studies aiming to develop management strategies or to promote the use of macrophyte biomass as a source of energy to other aquatic organisms may contribute to the development of control techniques, or costeffective strategies to increment the development of aquaculture, decreasing production costs. The present research study aimed to test the use of macrophytes as a nutritional supplement to culture zooplankton with potential to be used as live food for juveniles of fishes and to test the inclusion of the biomass of two species of macrophytes Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia minima as an ingredient of fish rations. Analyses were carried out regarding the nutritional characteristics of the macrophytes and their dried biomass was crushed and added at increasing proportions to replace the algae, usedas a foof control. Experiments were carried out to measure individual and population growth rates and the reproductive performance of two species of Cladocera whose diet was supplemented with the weeds. The treatments with the inclusion of the macrophyte P. stratiotes as a food supplement for Daphnia laevis and Moina micrura resulted in similar or superior performance of that in the control, regarding individual and population growth rate, reproductive performance in the treatments where the algal biomass was replaced by 25% and 50% of P. stratiotes. Experiments were conducted with the tilapias where they were fed on diets formulated including percentages of 5, 10, 15 and 20% of the dry crushed biomass of the macrophytes. The greatest weight gain and individual growth was obtained with the diet with inclusion of 15% of the biomass of P. stratitotes, than the diet with 10% of S. minima resulting in lower production costs than that of the control diet. We suggest, therefore, the use of biomass in P.stratiotes with inclusion levels of 10% or 15% in the feed ration in order to ensure both economic and environmental benefits. The weeds that are often used to treat aquaculture effluents have great potential as a food supplement for zooplankton, and also as raw material for the production of fish feed. The use of this biomass is beneficial both as a management strategy of the fish pond and the economy fish cultures, resulting in both economic and environmental benefits
Políticas públicas de avaliação na perspectiva docente: desdobramentos da Provinha Brasil, Prova Brasil e SARESP para o trabalho de professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-03) Martins, Priscila de Paulo Uliam; Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214
In the past two decades the external evaluations have influenced public educational institutions in Brazil. Educational programs, public policies, educational practices and curricula are being rethought to meet the goals of evaluations such as Prova Brasil and SARESP. However, few discussions have focused on the perspective of the professionals who are directly affected by the results of these evaluations: the teachers. In this context, the objective of this research was to analyze the consequences of the external evaluations, Prova Brasil, Provinha Brasil and SARESP, on the teaching work, from the perspective of teachers from two primary schools in a medium-sized city in the state of São Paulo. This research is qualitative and was carried out by means of a structured questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with teachers. The bibliographic and documentary research was based on studies of official publications on external evaluation, as well as the critical theoretical framework assumed in the study. The survey results indicated that most teachers had no objection to the implementation of external evaluation itself. However, the criticism settled on the processes they proportionate. Through the data analysis it can be inferred that the external evaluations have stimulated competition among schools. The race for results, besides generating an environment of pressure and stress, ultimately guides the work of teachers towards training for testing. One highlight was the criticism of teachers on the bonus for results in São Paulo.
Formação de professores para educação musical: base de conhecimento necessária para a docência on-line
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-03) Colabardini, Júlio César de Melo; Oliveira, Marcia Rozenfeld Gomes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1142442570155148; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5855267359776889
This work focuses on teacher learning and new knowledge towards the use of digital technology resources and its relation to the professional development of teachers working in Music Education courses Distance. The guiding questions were: What skills are required for teacher training in music education to work with digital technology resources, particularly in Distance Education? How these new learnings contribute to the professional development of teachers? The justification of this research permeates the relevance and topicality of the subject and deployment, relatively recent, the first three graduate courses in Brazil Music taught in distance education mode - UFSCar, UNB and UFRGS - observed the need for discussion of different aspects of the area of Musical Distance Education, especially the discussion on teacher training and educational alternatives in teaching in these institutions. Regarding the methodological procedures was followed a qualitative, descriptive and analytical approach. The study gathered six active teachers in Undergraduate Music courses in distance education mode, three of UNB and three UFSCar. Questionnaires were applied online, formed of objective and essay questions. The questionnaire was also used to select the subjects that were interviewed. The interviews were conducted online, focusing on the deepening of the data and filling gaps left by the questionnaire. The theoretical framework used in this work include the following topics: Distance Education, Teacher Training, Technology and Music Education. To guide and organize the development of this research this study was organized into four chapters: 1. Considerations training possibilities in contemporary society, TDIC and Music Technology. 2. Teacher Training and Distance Education. 3. methodological research course. 4. Analysis of the data. Finally, the conclusion, resumed the guiding questions of this work and the main elements of this work, looking for answers and highlighting certain aspects the light of the theoretical framework presented, finally seeking the completion of this work.
Propriedades espectroscópicas da ação antimicrobiana do peptídeo polycerradin
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-03) Nascimento, Isabella Sampaio do; Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8257371551653352
The spectroscopy is a technique based on light-matter interaction, which provides information about the composition and structure of molecules. For this reason, it is used in various fields of science, including the biology. There are various types of spectroscopy, based on different physical phenomena, however, in this article, we had addressed only two types: Raman and photoluminescence. Raman spectroscopy consists in the analysis of the inelastic scattering of radiation by focusing on a molecule. The light-matter interaction in this case results in a molecular vibrational energy change. On the other hand, the photoluminescence spectroscopy analyzes the radiation emitted by molecules due to electronic transitions induced by absorption of a photon. This study addresses the application of both techniques in the problem of combating pathogenic microorganisms. Some fungi and bacteria are causative of serious diseases and, therefore, the enhancement of efficiency in identifying and combating these microorganisms is of great interest to public health. This work aimed the application of Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence to the identification of three pathogenic microorganisms and changes in the spectra emitted by them by adding an antimicrobial agent. In this study a novel peptide with antifungal and antibiotic action was used, called polycerradin, with biological activity demonstrated by agar diffusion tests. The spectra obtained by the Raman scattering technique were not conclusive, since there was photoluminescence emission concomitantly. However, the photoluminescence spectra showed a significant decrease in peak intensity at 695 nm when the ELP was added, for all three microorganisms studied. These results demonstrate, therefore, the great potential application of photoluminescence spectroscopy not only for the identification of microorganisms as well as for determination of the inhibition and/or killing of the same by adding an antimicrobial agent. As a future prospect, we aim to develop a biosensor based on photoluminescence technique, to be used in the identification and monitoring of micro-organisms. This biosensor could be applied in various areas such as medical, food industry, sanitary, among others.