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Caracterização termo-óptica quantitativa de fibras de poliéster e seus compósitos com polietileno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-08)
Bicalho, Luciana Assumpção
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Silva, Jorge Manuel Jardim da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5480257384064266
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Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
The work herein aims at investigating the thermo-optical behavior of polyethylene terephthalate and its composites with polyethylene, in real time, by means of an optical module recently developed in our research group. Polyethylene terephthalate was the material of choice because of its various thermal transitions and optical properties. Multilayered films comprising fibers of polyethylene terephthalate sandwiched with polyethylene films were prepared to study the influence of a matrix on the fibers thermo-optical responses. This was investigated by coupling a hot-stage onto a stand-up optical microscopy and placing the optical module into the analyzer slot. The module encompasses adjacent photocells with/without analyzer to read both turbidity (resulting from scattered light) and depolarized light intensity due to crystallites. In order to handling the signal a software was developed in LabView 8.6 platform from National Instruments for data collection, real-time calculation, screen presentation and data saving. In addition, all parameters set on the CSS 450 can be controlled via software. Finally, a digital camera was coupled on the top of the microscope (ocular tube) to allow for both image capturing and video recording. The structural changes arising from the thermal protocol were assessed following the elicited responses present at the depolarized light intensity and turbidity. Both optical phenomena were sensitive to polymer thermal transitions such as glass transition and melting temperature. The photocell with analyzer is able to collect the thermal transitions and the cold crystallization typical of polyethylene terephthalate resin. The introduction of the optical path difference, an alternative way of displaying the optical data as function temperature, makes easier the understanding of molecule mobility, cold crystallization and melting. The narrow relation existent between the optical behavior and that obtained from the differential scanning calorimetry measurements leaded to the validation of the thermo-optical method, which has the advantage to provide additional information on the fiber orientation and stretching.
Estabelecimento de classes de estímulos equivalentes com estímulos significativos: investigando a atitude racial preconceituosa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Mizael, Táhcita Medrado
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Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4870583403228039
Research upon attitude s formation and change using the stimulus equivalence paradigm has shown, at the same time, a potential for the formation of new classes, and a difficulty with respect to teaching new relationships when the stimuli used are familiar and socially loaded. As racial prejudice is a problem worldwide, and stimulus equivalence paradigm has proven to be useful when studying attitude s formation and change, the aim of this study was to verify, from a systematic replication, if teaching new relations to children who showed a negative racial bias towards black people could revert the pre-existing classes. The level of 54 children s bias was assessed by the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), an instrument that measures the affective experience of individuals on pictures or events. The 22 participants who had attributed to black people s pictures lower levels of pleasure compared to white people s pictures also performed a second test aimed to confirm the bias shown. The 13 participants whose negative bias towards black people was confirmed were trained to match indirectly black people s pictures with positive attributes in a matching-to-sample task. Two experimenters, a black and a white one conducted the research with different children, to evaluate possible differences in the participants performance. The performances of these children were compared in two conditions: using simultaneous or delayed matching-to-sample, analyzing 1) How many children formed the expected equivalence classes; 2) in which of the two conditions the results were more robust; and 3) if the presence of white faces as a third comparison-stimuli in a modified equivalence test caused changes in the previous responses given by the participants who responded in accord with stimulus equivalence. Two instruments, a self-report and a implicit measure were used as complementary measures of transfer of functions, to evaluate the meaning of the stimuli. Results showed no differences between delayed and simultaneous matching-to-sample, or between the experimenters in the formation of the equivalence classes. All 13 participants who demonstrated a negative racial bias showed formation of the equivalence classes experimentally planned. Of those 13 children, nine have maintained their responses on the modified equivalence test, and the group data showed transfer of function, evidenced by SAM. Although there was a statistically significant difference between the pleasure levels of white and black faces before the class formation, post-test data revealed no statistically significant differences; this was also confirmed by the results of another instrument, called Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP). Future research should recruit a larger number of participants and systematically change variables such as the use of mixed training of trained relations and the review of baseline relations, in order to identify which of them may be responsible for the positive results of equivalence.
Uma abordagem subjetivista da resistência dos executivos à mudança: análise de duas corporações americanas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Garrido, Giovanna
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6587482176123640
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Moreira, Carlos Augusto Amaral
This study aims to discuss the Resistance to Change as a non rational phenomenon. Aiming to think about the theme by a different focus, the study looks for promoting a reflection about the executive's resistance to change, assigning a view to this individual as a complex subject and considering his subjectivity, unconsciousness and his psychic fragility as central elements for the study of the resistant behavior in the organizations. Based on bibliographic researches of exploratory feature, this study is established in a central idea that, basing in a subjective focus of the resistance phenomenon, is possible to consider the executives' resistant behavior as external reflexes of that is reproduced inside these subjects' psyche. The research that was done showed favorable arguments for this idea. Considering the way that the alienation of these subjects and the consequent occult meaning assigned to organization that they administer influence the way that they interpret the world, is possible to say that a big part of the assumed behavior as regards as the organizational change is resulted from internalized and repressed anxieties, ranging from annihilation fear to way of thinking that symbolizes their core identity. It is noteworthy that, in the search for concretization of this theoretical debate, were analyzed two big happenings of the history of two american organizations, AnheuserBusch and RJR Nabisco, translated in the works of Macintosh (2013) and of Burrough and Helyar (2009), respectively. The analysis and the interpretation of both cases enhance the discussion in favor to a practical content for the issues that were discussed in this study. Reached its aims, the research's results point to the fragility of the predominant approaches as regards as theme and promote openings paths for new researches that could be done via subjective analysis.
Protocolo NICHD : validação e capacitação em uma amostra de profissionais brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Hackbarth, Chayene
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Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7785657130976304
This Master’s thesis is a compendium of three scientific texts. Each one describes different steps of the study in order to contribute to the validation of the NICHD protocol in Brazilian context. The first article describes a systematic international literature review regarding to the appropriate listening and strategies for investigation of child sexual violence, with special emphasis on NICHD Protocol (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development). This protocol is recognized by the international specialized literature as one of the most appropriate tools for structured interviews with children victims of violence. It appears as a structured instrument, providing superior information to those obtained by interviews with fewer open questions. The result of this review showed that NICHD protocol produce more precise answers compared to others, with more both detailed and rich reports and with more revelations. The second text produced was related to a pilot study conducted to evaluate a training course on the NICHD Protocol to Brazilian psychologists, with the purpose of analyzing the quality of information obtained in interviews with children in cases of suspected sexual abuse. The results indicated that interviews that included sexual abuse revelations presented both a satisfactory amount of open questions and forensic relevance detail, showing good quality information. Those findings suggest a future application of the protocol to a higher number of participants in order to compare the quality information obtained during the interview before and after the course. Finally, the last article evaluated a training about the NICHD protocol offered to 15 professionals (psychologists and social workers) of two Brazilian cities. The results suggest that after training, there was a significant increase in using open-ended questions during interviews, as well as significant increase rate in forensic relevance details regarding to direct questions. The participant’s evaluation was positive. Limitations founded refer to small number of participants during the training and consequently low quantity of interviews, as well as intrinsic problems to the Brazilian forensic context, which foreseeing direct and suggestive questions during children testimony.
Processamento e propriedades do sistema ferroelétrico livre de chumbo (Bi, Na)TiO3 (Bi, K)TiO3 BaTiO3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Quiroga, David Antonio Barbosa
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Silva Junior, Paulo Sergio da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7418621942217628
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2669823237330082
In this work, the lead-free ceramic powders of xBi0,5Na0,5TiO3 - (0,7186 - 0,7143x) Bi0,5K0,5TiO3 - (2814 - 2857x) BaTiO with x = 0,8200; 0,8625; 0,8792, 0,9126 and 0,9300 (BNBK1000x) were prepared by the solid state reaction method, followed by conventional densification. The ceramic bodies showed high density, which was higher than 95% in obtained samples. For the all ceramics were performed structural, micro structural, electric and anelastic characterizations. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the formation of the complex perovskite type crystaline structure for all compositions analyzed without the presence of spurious phases. By the structural refinement by the Rietveld method of XRD data and by Raman spectroscopy were observed that for BNBK912 and BNBK930 compositions, at room temperature, the predominant symmetry is rhombohedral (R3c), while the BNBK820 composition exhibits a tetragonal crystalline symmetry (P4mm). For the BNBK879 and BNBK826 compositions presented a mixture of phases, possibly with rhombohedral and tetragonal symmetry, reaveling the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) of this system. The microstructure of BNBK1000x ceramics was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), where the morphology grains with irregular sizes and shapes, where the increased levels of K+ and Ba2+ ions suppressed the growth of the grains. The characterizations by Raman spectroscopy at room temperature showed broad Raman modes, due to the chemical and/or structural disorder related to the substitution of elements Bi and Na for Ba and K. The ferroelectric characterizations at room temperature of the BNBK1000x ceramics showed that all compositions studied are ferroelectric. Through the comparison among the measurements of electrical impedance and mechanical spectroscopy, was possible to identify the different structural and electric phase transitions that were employed in the construction of a pseudodiagram of phases for the BNBK1000x compositions.
Métodos de Monte Carlo Hamiltoniano na inferência Bayesiana não-paramétrica de valores extremos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Hartmann, Marcelo
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Ehlers, Ricardo Sandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4020997206928882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3110887195109056
In this work we propose a Bayesian nonparametric approach for modeling extreme value data. We treat the location parameter _ of the generalized extreme value distribution as a random function following a Gaussian process model (Rasmussem & Williams 2006). This configuration leads to no closed-form expressions for the highdimensional posterior distribution. To tackle this problem we use the Riemannian Manifold Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm which allows samples from the posterior distribution with complex form and non-usual correlation structure (Calderhead & Girolami 2011). Moreover, we propose an autoregressive time series model assuming the generalized extreme value distribution for the noise and obtained its Fisher information matrix. Throughout this work we employ some computational simulation studies to assess the performance of the algorithm in its variants and show many examples with simulated and real data-sets.
Da ficcionalização da história: um estudo da metaficção historiográfica em estação das chuvas, de José Eduardo Agualusa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Lima, Danuza Américo Felipe de
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Valentim, Jorge Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427303771174064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6572687204780170
This dissertation aims to analyze the novel Estação das Chuvas, by José Eduardo Agualusa, drawing on the assumptions of postcolonial theory and poetics of postmodernism in converging points of the two reviews. The aim is to demonstrate how the narrative fictionalizes the Angola s conflicting conditions, through historiographical metafiction, discussed by Linda Hutcheon. In this case, recovering the facts during the period pre and post-independence national. Estação das Chuvas is a novel built from the dialogue between fiction and history, therefore, the author turns to the past proposing its reconstruction under a critical bias about the discourses and power positions. In this return, issues are addressed for the Portuguese context of post-colonialism and conflicts of the war surrounding the political independence of Angola. Related to these historical periods, the narrative engenders selfreflection on literature and the prospect about the heterogeneous national identity, multifaceted and creole. In this sense, the reading focuses to analysis the resources used in the novel for the fictionalization of history and for the rethinking of social, cultural and political contexts of Angola.
A comunidade zooplanctônica de rios amazônicos na área de influência da Usina Hidrelétrica de Santo Antônio do Madeira, RO: diferentes abordagens no monitoramento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Silva, Lidiane Cristina da
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Rocha, Odete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0980251001185976
The growing world interest for the Amazon region has risen up the most diverse issues. Among these are those of ecological importance, to promote the conservation and maintenance of natural resources of the region. It was intended to, in this study, analyze the structure of the zooplankton community and its spatial distribution and temporal patterns on the Madeira River and tributaries in the area of influence of the Santo Antônio HPP, before, during and after their deployment, to verify the occurrence possible changes. Quarterly samplings were carried out for four years for the physical and chemical variables and zooplankton. The zooplankton community structure varied widely depending on the hydrological events, but was little changed after filling the reservoir probably because the HPP be of the run-of-river type. Changes in the density of zooplankton were lower than those observed in large accumulation reservoir previously built in the Amazon. However there have been changes in the proportions of biomass of different zooplankton groups. Whereas the functional approach, in all analyzed rivers was observed that before the filling had greater selection of r strategists and smaller species and after filling greater numbers of functional groups coexisted. In relation to the components of diversity, greater evenness values were recorded in the last years of sampling. For other functional and taxonomic indices (richness, Shannon, FDis and FEev), differences related to impoundment on the Madeira River were not verified. Considering the approach of surrogates, the amounts recorded for analysis of concordance between the zooplankton community groups and also among the taxonomic classification levels were low significance, which prevents them from being used separately in biomonitoring studies in the region. We conclude that the Madeira River and its tributaries have high zooplankton diversity and until the moment the changes in the community were low, presumably by maintaining the short residence time. The results show that different approaches, both functional as taxonomic, evaluated together, can be a great step toward understanding the relationship between environmental standards, management practices and production of ecosystem services.
Relação família e escola: programa para profissionais pré-escolares de alunos público alvo da educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Borges, Laura
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Cia, Fabiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4828937301601338
Various studies show benefits of family-school relation on development and performance of students that are target audience of special education (TAEE) especially on early childhood education. However, they also show lack of information and training of school professionals to establish such relation with families. Considering such needs, an intervention program was implemented aiming to offer means to favor family-school relation of preschool TAEE students. This study aimed to: (a) identify possible opinion switch of school professionals regarding families , families of TAEE students and family-school relation after attending an intervention program; (b) analyze family-school relation during school professionals attendance in the program and (c) assess structure and social validity of the program. Data collection occurred during the program offered to seven preschool professionals of municipal schools who taught TAEE students. The intervention was held in the university dependencies and comprised nine 2-hour meetings totaling 18 hours. To achieve proposed goals, participants filled in: (a) an identification questionnaire; (b) pre and posttest focal group guides and (c) an intervention program evaluation. Participants also registered contacts made with TAEE students relatives in a biweekly field journal. Content analyses were made with data obtained in focal groups and field journals. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were made with data obtained via program evaluation. Results indicate that participants presented conceptual change regarding proposed topics after attending the program. Participants opinions and perceptions were improved and regarded more positive aspects with reduced frequency of references to demands, stigma, guilt and negative comments towards families. They also cited more aspects related to family involvement and its benefits to students development. Regarding practical relation between participants and TAEE students relatives, no significant changes in quantity, frequency and duration were observed in a general analysis, although positive changes were observed in some cases such as the insertion of topics that are more positive, pleasant, and that evidence progress in students behavior/development/performance, changes in participants evaluation regarding meetings productivity and relatives posture during the intervention, and the withdrawal of barriers and harmful factors to the relation. Regarding program evaluation, positive aspects were (a) manner and strategy used to contact relatives and (b) contributions to the establishment of family-school relation. In addition, participants unanimously reported (a) satisfaction with day, quantity and frequency of meetings, (b) that the program aided their teaching practice, and (c) that they would refer the program to a colleague. Lastly, six participants reported change in their relation with TAEE sutdents relatives. In conclusion, the program reached favorable results to family-school relation in this context and may have its results used to support further research and intervention.
Processamento e propriedades do sistema ferroelétrico (Li,K,Na)(Nb,Ta)O3 dopado com CuO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Zapata, Angélica Maria Mazuera
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Zambrano, Michel Venet
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1830376229286038
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7995302836049658
The search for new lead-free piezoelectric materials has been a major goal of many scientists in recent years. The main cause is the replacement of widely used lead zirconate titanate (PZT) based ceramics due to the highly toxic characteristics of the lead element. Potassium sodium niobate based ceramics have shown high piezoelectric coefficients and a morphotropic phase boundary close to the composition (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 (KNN), similar to that found in lead zirconate titanate. However, the preparation of highly dense KNN based ceramics is extremely difficult. In this work, the structural, mechanical and electrical properties of lead free ferroelectric ceramics with compositions Li0,03(K0,5Na0,5)0,97Nb0,8Ta0,2O3 + xwt% CuO (x = 0; 2 and 3.5) were studied. All the compositions, sintered at 1050ºC for 2 hours had high density, approximately 95% of the theoretical value. Rietveld refinement of the X ray diffraction patterns showed a mixture of both orthorhombic Bmm2 and tetragonal P4mm phases, for all compositions. Nevertheless, compositions with high CuO contents have mainly the tetragonal phase. Dielectric and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements showed two polymorphic phase transitions with increasing temperature. Both phase transitions have diffuse character and they can be related with the transformation of the orthorhombic phase fraction in the tetragonal one, and with the transformation of the tetragonal ferroelectric phase to a cubic paraelectric one. The origin of the difference observed between the temperatures where both techniques, dielectric and mechanical, see the diffuse phase transition is discussed. The ceramic with 2wt% of CuO is electrically softer than the other compositions and it has the highest value of the piezoelectric coefficient d31. Also, in this work we studied the possibility of using high contents of CuO to promote the formation of liquid phase for obtaining and extracting single crystal seeds, which can be used for the texture of KNN-based ceramics. The ceramic Li0,03(Na0,5K0,5)0,97Ta0,2Nb0,8O3 + x wt% CuO with x=16, sintered at 1090ºC for 2 hours, is a perfect candidate for extracting grains which may be used as seeds. Furthermore, ceramics with x=13, sintered at 1110ºC for 2 hours, showed a partial melting of the material, which caused the growth of highly oriented grains. This material can be practically considered as a single crystal and, with a proper cut procedure, the desired single crystal seeds can be obtained. This method to obtain single crystal seeds, as proposed in this work, is very simple and novelty.
Análise quantitativa de culturas de neurônios em matrizes de microeletrodos por meio do processamento de imagens de microscopia confocal de fluorescência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-09)
Mari, João Fernando
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Saito, José Hiroki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7065615446493390
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3582704696209050
Microelectrode arrays (MEA) are devices that allow chemical and electrical stimulation and recording of the extracellular electrical activity from entire neuronal cultures over long periods of time, such as several weeks. Some MEA models have transparent substrate, which enables the imaging of culture using optical microscopy. The images are taken from two channels: fluorescence light and transmitted light channels. In the first one, it is possible to visualize the neurons, while in the other one, it is possible to observe the microelectrodes. The objective of this work is to develop methods that enable performing quantitative analysis of the dissociated culture of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons plated on MEA by means of the processing of the images, obtained from confocal fluorescence microscopy. We proposed and developed the following methods in order to achieve this objective: (A) A method to automatically identify the microelectrodes in the transmitted light channel using circular Hough Transform and error correction based on the Delaunay triangulation; (B) the registration of a number of images taken at different parts of the MEA in order to generate a unique and high-resolution representation of the whole culture; (C) the segmentation of the neuron in 2D images taken from the fluorescence channel, composed by the steps: preprocessing, thresholding, morphological filtering, neurons occlusion correction, watershed transform and object classification; (D) 2D quantitative analysis based on the identified microelectrodes and on the segmented neurons; (E) a method for generating 3D polygonal models of the neurons from the volumetric images, to be used for visualizing the culture on the MEA by different points of view and zoom levels; and (F) 3D quantitative analysis performed by the processing of the polygonal surfaces in conjunction with the information about the microelectrodes positioning. The results show that the methods are capable to identify the neurons and microelectrodes on the 2D images efficiently. In the 3D images, the preprocessing step which uses information from the 2D segmentation method, showed to be capable to generate correct polygonal models efficiently. Most of the studies involving the analysis of neuron cultures on MEAs consider only qualitative analysis or simple quantitative measures. However, the methods proposed in this thesis enables to obtain important measures related to the neuron culture, such as: the density and morphology of the neurons, and the spatial and topological distribution of the neurons and microelectrodes. The information about neuron morphology is important because they are related to the behavior of this kind of neuron. The spatial and topological distribution of neurons and microelectrodes are used for providing models of the interface between these elements, for supporting the analysis of the electrophysiological signal recorded by the microelectrodes, as well as in the computational simulations of the neuron culture behavior.
A formação do técnico em agroecologia na Escola Professora Nair Luccas Ribeiro, no Assentamento Gleba XV de Novembro, SP : sua gênese e seus egressos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Pontes, Flávio Aparecido
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834
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Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9330438553830026
Agroecology considered scientific approach, theoretical, practical and methodological, based on different areas of knowledge, proposes to study development processes from an ecological and socio-cultural perspective, from a systemic approach, adopting the agroecosystem as the unit of analysis for support the transition from conventional agriculture models for styles of sustainable agriculture. In this context our goal was to understand how was the training of graduates of the first class of the Technical Course in Agroecology, carried into a school in Glebe XV settlement November in Rosana (SP) and the post-training course and the contribution them be as technicians in the settlements or in family plots. It is an applied research, qualitative and exploratory nature. The technical procedures used were bibliographical research, documentary research and surveys. To achieve the research objectives, we analyzed the political pedagogical project (PPP) of the course, the syllabus of the subjects interviewed and 9 teachers of the first class ,. We also interviewed 16 technicians Agroecology formed in the first class in order to verify the performance of these technicians. We carry out visits to four properties in order to verify the performance of these technicians, the techniques used and how the agro-ecological transition is taking place. It is concluded that in the process of transformation, knowledge and social change the formation of the first class of the technical course in agroecology has advanced, transforming through actions and thoughts forms of production of their families.
Familismo, maternalismo e políticas sociais : o caso da política nacional de microcrédito do governo Lula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Miguel, Antonia Celene
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Grün, Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4416584988381559
The granting of the low-income population through micro credit has been held in several countries, mainly as a way to combat poverty. Much of the population served is not only without an alternative income, but without access to loans for fostering economic activities because it is excluded from the traditional banking services. However, most microcredit loans has been held by women. This trend is related to the finding that female-headed households tend to have the worst economic conditions, which would mean a feminization of poverty. This direct relationship between poverty and women has resulted in the prioritization of women for anti-poverty policies as a means to promote their empowerment through access to economic resources. In Brazil women also has emerged as the main borrowers of microcredit loans, mainly under the National Program for Productive Microcredit (PNPMO), a generation of work and income program. In Brazil, women's access to microcredit is associated with the actions of the Secretary of Policies for Women (SPM/PR) to promote the economic empowerment of women through access to this resource type and the stimulus to female entrepreneurship. Thus, the prospects of feminization of poverty and empowerment permeate the issue of gender and public policy, as well as the form of participation of women in social policies in Brazil, where the ideals of familism and maternalism delimit the design of these policies. Considering this scenario, this research is to address the promotion of women's access to micro-credit as a result of a consensus that expresses an interpretation of the relationship of women to the economic (feminization of poverty, women heads of household, empowerment/autonomy and entrepreneurship female). From the Brazilian case, we point out that familism and maternalism produce effects not only on policies for women, but also on policies that, although the family focus, aim at its realization through the leadership of women. Therefore, there is an interweaving of the ideals of familism and maternalism the "new" categories: the feminization of poverty and women heads of household, passing the proposal emphasizes the need to economically empower women. This justification, that makes sense by naturalization of these categories themselves. In addition, another check is that the role given to women in social policies can have a conservative character for meeting a model of welfare policies with familista design with an emphasis on motherhood. But on the other hand, may be part of a policy proposal is nevertheless progressive to try through this arrangement, justify and ensure greater participation and inclusion of women in public policy.
O segredo é a alma do negócio : mídias digitais móveis e a gestão da visibilidade do desejo homoerótico entre homens na região de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Padilha, Felipe André
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Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5608497895561456
This dissertation wish to comprehend the strategic use of digital and mobile medias by men from countryside of São Paulo state that search for secret relations between men. My field has its base on Sao Carlos’s city, located in the central area of the state, and focus on the use of seeking applications for loving and sexual men partners between 18 and 60 ages. Considering Queer Theory, Brazilian studies of sexuality and other searches about digital medias, I take as hypothesis that the dynamic of secret that involves the homoerotic relations in this area has the objective to preserve the security in spaces such as family and work. Associating the ethnography work to the interviews, quantitative data and sources about use of digital medias, I look for understanding how the secret is connected to the interurban mobility, geographic location, life’s style, education, income and profession. Taking into consideration the social and technical context of medias reception, I analyze which displacements and repertory’s rearrangements to qualify the desire have been possible by means of the conventions and codes flow digitally mediated.
Efeitos da microcistina-LR sobre parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo de duas espécies de teleósteos neotropicais, traíra, Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) e matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Martins, Nathan Dias
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Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8750681952201253
Cyanobacteria, under favorable conditions can form large superficial masses of green color called blooms. Some genera of cyanobacteria are toxins producers, and during the bloom, there may be risks of water bodies contamination and thus of those organisms that depends on this. Among the toxins produced by cyanobacteria, stands the microcystin. This type of toxin has pronounced effects on the liver, although it can exhibit its effects in several organs. Moreover, it is the cyanotoxin which is more widely distributed in various types of ecosystems. In addition to the phosphatases inhibition, microcystins may also affect DNA repair systems and gene expression, and appear to interact with the mitochondria of animal tissues leading to oxidative stress and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiorespiratory responses during graded hypoxia and also the biomarkers of oxidative stress in two species of Neotropical teleost, traíra, Hoplias malabaricus, and matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus in control condition and 48 h after of an intraperitoneal injection of lyophilized extract containing microcystin -LR (MC-LR - 100 μg.Kg-1 body weight). The results indicate that exposure to MC-LR induced oxidative stress in liver and gills, and changed the cardiorespiratory responses of both species. In traíra, the exposure to MC-LR increased PCO2 values, caused hyperventilation, increased metabolic rate, increased heart rate values and decreased oxygen extraction, it was also observed oxidative stress in the gill tissue. In matrinxã was observed hyperventilation, increased metabolic rate and PCO2, and reduction in oxygen extraction. This specie was more sensitive to the effects of MC-LR, due to the occurrence of oxidative stress in both tissues (gills and liver), and the death of some animals during the development of graded hypoxia. Therefore, our results indicate that exposure to MC-LR has harmful effects on the two species analyzed, both in cardiorespiratory responses, as in the establishment of oxidative stress, however the magnitude of this effect appears to be species-specific indicating major susceptibility of the specie Brycon amazonicus to the effect of this cyanotoxin.
Sentidos do trabalho e formas de participação : o caso da Cooperares - Cooperativa de Produtores Rurais de Agrobiodiversidade Ares do Campo, Assentamento Mário Lago, Ribeirão Preto-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Melo, Thainara Granero de
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2048855070049817
The problem of participation is constantly discussed in the studies about self-managed cooperatives. The participation in rural settlements was studied by different points of view, more or less optimistic, but either consensual or conclusive. In any case in the literature review we verified multiple factors that contribute for workers difficult to truly participate in this organizations, particularly because the access to credit lines and public policies to familiar agriculture are conditioned to cooperatives creation. The goal of this master’s research was think about this problem by the study of the meanings assigned by rural workers of Cooperares, a cooperative in the Mario Lago Rural Settlement, city of Ribeirão Preto, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. In qualitative perspective, the empiric research was built by three different moments: theoretical, bibliographic and documental surveying data; cooperative meetings observation; and semistructure interviews with ten workers and two mediators, one of the Landless Workers Movement (MST) and one of the settlement’s technical assistance. The analysis was made by the triangulation of different data sources. From the relational point of view, we identified that the instrumental participation in the cooperative was produced by a pool of psychosocial forces that reinforced institutional and symbolic dependencies. Also the senses about the cooperative has not connection with the meanings of self-management work. On the other hand, the cooperative assumed recognition and belonging functions for the workers, bounded by evangelic values. This different forces revealed that the way which development rural policies in Brazil were conceived and applied reinforce an occasional cooperativism by the need to access public policies, whose participation meaning also is misused by the State to control the workers and strengthen hegemonic interests.
Sensibilidade a dicas sociais humanas e comportamentos emergentes em cães domésticos (Canis familiaris)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Zaine, Isabela
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Domeniconi, Camila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0665572503019533
Animal experimentation with several species contributes to knowledge and understanding of different learning principles and aspects of human behavior. The domestic dog has been appointed as interesting to the comparative study with humans because of the long history of sharing the same physical and social environment. Among the lines of research pursued with dogs, two are of greater importance for the studies presented in this Thesis: sensitivity to human social cues and investigation of potentially symbolic behavior. Article 1 aimed to investigate the role of ontogenetic learning in the sensitivity to social cues of puppies in two experiments. The main results showed that exposure to human social environment had a significant impact on the performance of subjects, as well as the different degrees of salience of the social cues. Article 2 provides a number of experimental techniques used in studies with dogs, monkeys and bees in attempts to establish visual arbitrary conditional relations between stimuli. These techniques were insufficient to produce such a repertoire in dogs and bees and were partially effective with capuchin monkeys. For dogs, there was a prominent interference of preference for positions or stimuli during the procedure. Article 3 presents an experiment of responding by exclusion in a context of simple discrimination with adult dogs. The results showed evidence of exclusion responding for almost all subjects. Finally, Article 4 aimed to replicate the exclusion results presented in Article 3, adding some experimental controls, and evaluate emergent learning as a result of exclusion trials. The data pointed that, again, the dogs showed exclusion responding, however, learning of new functions of stimuli only occurred after a few repetitions of exclusion trials. Combined, these results add data to the literature of behavioral repertoire with dogs and basic learning processes regarding both sensitivity to social cues and symbolic behavior.
Curso a distância de análise do comportamento para professores em formação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-11)
Lorena, Angela Bernardo de
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
;
Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
The contribution of Behavior Analysis is useful for teachers, primarily the studies about principles of behavior. The goal of this doctoral was to describe the construction and implementation of an extension course for teachers in training from a context not yet explored in national literature: Distance Education. Article 1 presents the process of construction of an extension course designed to teach some principles of behavior - reinforcement, punishment and extinction -, having as target audience student teachers of the undergraduate degree in Pedagogy of the Open University System of Brazil. The activities proposed for the extension course were drawn from the preliminary identification of behavioral-objectives. There were ten tasks and five teaching conditions. Some aspects of the data are discussed, such as the number of registered participants and evasion. Article 2 aims to evaluate the teaching of the concepts of reinforcement, punishment and extinction for six participants from Article 1, considering three activities and two teaching conditions of the extension course. In order to analyze the data, we have considered the rate of occurrence of three thematic groups: 1) To identify or describe the concept of reinforcement; 2) To identify or describe the concept of punishment; 3) To identify or describe the procedure of extinction. The results showed that the learning conditions were sufficient to teach reinforcement for all participants. However, the concepts of punishment and extinction reached only part of the participants, indicating a need to revise the conditions of teaching. This thesis contains, in addition to the two articles, a section for discussion of the data of eleven participants approved in the extension course. This work opens a new research front, approaching the technologies of teaching developed by behavior analysts in Distance Education and its contributions to the field of Education.
Dos consultórios sentimentais à rede : apoio emocional pelas mídias digitais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-11)
Prado, Juliana do
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Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7255943544162438
The purpose of this research is to analyze the uses of digital media such as emotional support, conceptualized as a social relation in which people are looking for help to deal with emotional demands. These are referred initially to love relationships which lead to subjective processes that deal with gender, social class, sexuality, race, age, occupation, among other possible axes of analysis. The goal is to discuss what digital media settings have assumed about the search for emotional support, articulated the morals of their uses and subjective processes. Thus, the empirical field was constructed from three research fronts: the first analyzes speeches of sites that present emotional counseling through the mode I call as digital sentimental office; the second analyzes the professional use of new technologies by psychologists that provide therapeutic care over the Internet, setting the counseling and the third in which I analyze the online community uses, called networks. I intend to explore meanings and morals around digital media uses from discourses and practices of both people who use these media with these objectives, as the professionals who have joined the appeal of digital media to promote counseling. Throughout the work are presented discussions of these three fronts that constitute this research, in order to point some aspects that allow confronting the different search modes for emotional support by digital media in their speeches, uses and interests remain in the dispute for expertise in this area. The hypothesis is that has set up an emotional support market through digital media. However, differently to other media, the segmentation occurs concomitantly to the uses of people, allowing agencies and flows between platforms which can culminate into other forms of support. The proposal is addressing the elements of emotional support in each front in order to verify continuities and ruptures between what is conceptualized as support, especially pointing to morals and specific forms of subjectivity.
De tombamentos e museus. Estratégias político-culturais no candomblé de Salvador
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-12)
Sörensen, Sheiva
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Andrello, Geraldo Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447074379881029
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1001249715310400
The work has as study object the Candomble temples Protection process and its museums organization in Salvador city (Bahia-Brazil) and its surroundings. The aim of this study was to understand what issues emerge from the making safeguard policy by IPHAN and the process of "becoming cultural heritage". At first data was collected during field research, from documents produced during the cultural heritage Protection process, especially those of proceedings 1067-T-82 (which reffers to the emblematic Casa Branca temple case) and 1498-T-02 (the Ile Axe Oxumarê tipping) as well from minutes of IPHAN meeting. In a second moment, this work focused on the growing process of museums organization in african-religious spaces. The investigation considered both general context and the specific cases of São Jorge Filho da Goméia afro-brazilian temple and Mokambo afro-brazilian temple.