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O brincar e habilidades sociais de uma criança cega e seus pares videntes na pré-escola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-19) Silva, Carolina Biondo da; Costa, Carolina Severino Lopes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0303439637261272; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8150441474858986
The visual impairment reduces the opportunities in learning and could negatively influence the interaction among peers and the social development of children with this visual limitation. Some behavior singularities are presented among visual impairments children, such as high levels of dependence and bonds with adults, difficult for socializing with other children, especially when they are not stimulated accordingly. Thus, considering the effects of visual impairment and the common difficulties in social development of blind children, in the Early Childhood Education environment, this project aimed to: (a) characterize the playing behavior of a blind child with their sighted peers in recreational activities; (b) identify the social status of the blind child as well as the selected sighted children; (c) evaluate social skills, behavior problems and academic competence of blind child and their sighted peers, according to the teacher. One blind child, 5 years old, enrolled an early childhood local school , and two sighted colleagues, a boy and a girl, both 5 years old, attended to the same class participated in this study. The data collection took place in a town in the countryside of São Paulo state. Each child was filmed in six different sessions in a playful enviroment lasting 15 minutes the session, total 90 minutes each children. Additionally, we applied a sociogram with the students. Their teacher, also answered the SSRS-BR (Social Skills Rating System) that evaluated the social skills of the children according to the teacher‟s opinion. We found resemblances among the three children, considering the act of playing, for them playing with other children and toys demanded the longest period of time. The behavior of handling toys was the second most present behavior. The blind child, in comparison with the sighted children, spent more time playing with toys and other children, besides presenting some common behaviors of people with visual impairment. The sociogram result shows the popular status for the two girls; the sighted boy was classified controversial. According to the data of SSRS-BR, the blind child and the sighted boy were considered with a good repertory of social skills and the sighted girl got a highly elaborated repertory of social skills. The results, on the whole, pointed important aspects between the behaviors of playing of blind child and their sighted peers in preschool, showing that the blind child is socially competent in her social interactions during the play.
Estudo químico do fungo Memnoniella levispora : busca por metabólitos secundários inibidores da Phytophtora nicotianae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-19) Ribeiro, Alany Ingrid; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9379209511630700
Among the various diseases which attack citrus worldwide, the gummosis is caused by species of the genus Phytophthora. The various species present in the literature, the most severe in Brazil is P. nicotianae. This pathogen produces resistance’s structures in the soil, thus the best control method is the exclusion. There are other ways to preventive, as is the case of the use of synthetic fungicides which help in the combat, however , the widespread use thereof, can favor the emergence of resistant strains to the active ingredient , as well as being damaging to the environment. In this context, one of saprobes fungi (Memnoniella levispora) found in the Brazilian semi -arid region, has received special attention as a biological control agent that proves to be an alternative and effective method. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the growth of this fungus in solid and liquid, through five different culture media (PD, PDY, PDM, CZA, CC), perform isolation and identification of metabolites from the most suitable means and then submit them to the mycelial growth tests of the P. nicotianae. After a comparative by HPLC-DAD, HPLC-UV and NMR of this media, the CC proved to be the most productive. For showing good results this medium was reproduced on a large scale in liquid medium. After partitioning and fragmentation of the material, the extracts were analyzed and biologically tested against mycelial growth of P. nicotianae, in order to realize a biomonitored study. The fraction of ethyl acetate liquid of the carrot and corn medium, was considerably inhibited the pathogen growth. Therefore, by the technique LC-SPE-NMR along with the other techniques mentioned, it was possible to identify and isolate eight structures of this fraction, which griseofulvina and analogues, 3 of which purports to be unpublished yet. The Griseofulvin was tested and showed about 72% of the inhibition of mycelial growth of Phythophtora, which leads us to research on the antifungal activity of this and other secondary metabolites in the fight against P. nicotianae and other pathogens.
Poliuretanos obtidos de fonte renovável para aplicação em produtos capilares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-19) Oliveira, Elisângela Aparecida Scorsato; Duek, Eliana Aparecida de Rezende; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4147198882685212; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245298883996397
One of the most remarkable and diverse physical characteristics among human beings - and, thus, fundamental for personal identity - is hair. The search for personal hair care products has been increasing in the last years and Brazil is the third largest consumer market for these products. There is a constant quest for cosmetic products able to align, relax and treat hair fibers. There are some products for this purpose, such as smart brushes, Japanese brushes and definitive brushes, among others. In this context, the aim of this project was to synthesize and characterize polyurethane obtained from a renewable source as well as evaluate its effectiveness as a hair treatment agent. Therefore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nearinfrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and mechanical tests for tensile properties were used. The FTIR results confirmed the synthesis of the polyurethane. The polymer was associated with citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, and sodium hydroxide with glycose, in order to increase adhesion of the polymer onto the hair fiber. After application, better hair fiber alignment and increased hair roughness were noticed. Through the spectroscopic analysis it was established that a chemical interaction between the polymer, its associations and hair was present. The micrographs also suggested that there was a deposition of the polymer on the hair fibers. The results indicated that the polyurethane and their associations with citric acid and sodium hydroxide with glycose, are promising for applications in hair care products.