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Relações genéticas em espécies de camarões peneídeos (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeidae) de ocorrência no litoral brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-21)
Marques, Carla Guinart
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Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5647631868534064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5052695259738538
Penaeidae family occurs in all oceans, particularly in tropical regions and represents an important global fishing resource. In Brazil, penaeid species have been shown decline, of their populations, which are considered overexploited. Therefore, a greater knowledge about these species is required for the developing of appropriate conservation actions. However, genetic studies of penaeids, including phylogeography, geographic distribution and phylogeny, are still scarce. In the present work, genetic structure and genetic relationships were characterized for different marine shrimp species belonging to the Penaeidae family, with special emphasis on those of occurrence in the Brazilian coast (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, Farfantepenaeus paulensis, Farfantepenaeus subtilis and Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis). Mitochondrial and nuclear markers were used in order to clarify aspects related to the geographic distribution and genetic relationships among the studied penaeid species and the implications for conservationist approaches. Specific oligonucleotides were designed to amplify four mtDNA regions (COI, 16S, Cytb and DLoop). The results showed efficient patterns for 16 native species of Brazilian and Mozambican coasts. Numts presence and its implication for penaeid genetics were investigated using specific and universal primers for COI gene. Pseudogenes were detected for some penaeid species. Cytb pseudogene for the Penaeidae family was reported by the first time. DNA barcoding approach was tested in several species from Brazilian coast. The barcoding analysis evidenced a high range of intraspecific distance, suggesting the necessity of taxonomic review into Penaeidae. The existence of species complex was investigated for both X. kroyeri and F. subtilis. Phylogeographical signs and population structure were no observed for F. subtilis along the Brazilian coast. F. paulensis populations, collected in Lagoa dos Patos (RS) and Cananéia (SP), showed genetic structuring by analyzing of COI gene. That data can be reflecting the existence of differentiated-genetically adult stocks or ancient structure. Two recent population expansions, one of them before and the other one after the last period of the maximum glacial, were observed for F. paulensis. mtDNA and RAD-seq data were using to study the species X. kroyeri populations. The mtDNA analysis suggested that the upwelling from Cabo Frio (RJ) consists in a semipermeable barrier to X. kroyeri species, limiting the genetic flow between populations from North and South of Cabo Frio for. The analysis of approximately three thousand SNPs revealed three different genetic stocks, possibly related to the hydrodynamic characteristics of the sampled geographic regions, which may be holding different larvae pools. The study herein brings important information about genetic relationships and population structure for Penaeidae species, mainly those species occurring in Brazil. Such data can be help to foment future actions aiming the conservation of penaeid species, which present ecological and socioeconomic relevance.
O funcionamento do GPS e a matemática do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-21)
Moraes, Marcelo Cardozo de
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Malagutti, Pedro Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462523657624050
;
The main objective of this work is to make students understand the mathematical foundations for the operation of Global Positioning System (GPS). The research was done in a school in the state of São Paulo with students of the second year of high school and the analysis was done in a qualitative as well as quantitative manner. Two sheets of directed activities, were used so students were induced to understand what happens at the intersection of spherical surfaces and this was carried out in three stages. During the first activity, students reviewed the circles of intersection of ideas, both geometrically and algebraically. In the second activity, these ideas were enlarged to spheres. The operation of the GPS was exposed in the activity three using PowerPoint slides, so goal that students learned a little about the history of the GPS creation and its operation, and the central theorem of this work: "If four spherical surfaces intersect and their centers are not coplanar, then this intersection is a single point." The Didactic Engineering was the methodology used for the survey. The result indicates that although many students present difficulties during the activities, everyone understood the mathematical principles behind the GPS operation.
Criando mensagens secretas na escola básica utilizando a criptografia – RSA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-21)
Castro Junior, Waldir Claudio de
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Malagutti, Pedro Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462523657624050
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0175966970077868
Cryptography is a fascinating topic, concerning the practical point of view, and it is useful to access bank accounts, e-mails and social networks. According to this perspective, this study aimed to show how simple it may be to make use of cryptography. It was proved, through the work performed, that it is possible for students from elementary and high school to encrypt and decrypt messages using R.S.A. Cryptography, which involves the concept of creating public keys and private keys for the encryption of messages. A simple but powerful activity on the utility view was assigned to show students from the 9th grade of elementary school and from the 1st and 2nd years of high school from a private school in São Paulo State how interesting and pleasurable the use of Mathematics can be. Such activities are not usually present in the traditional didactic materials. The theoretical tools, containing theorem and corollaries, as well as their demonstrations, which mathematically justify the validity of techniques and the algorithm used on R.S.A. Cryptography will be presented. The activities do not assume sophisticated prerequisites and can be applied in the classroom, in real situations, so that the students can appreciate the beauty of Mathematics.
Política local de ciência e tecnologia para o desenvolvimento social : mapeamento das ações do Parque Tecnológico e da Prefeitura Municipal na cidade de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-21)
Araújo, Juliana Sauer de
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Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9603130412933758
This work has as its theme the Politics of Science and Technology focusing on the city of São Carlos in the State of São Paulo. From a theoretical development of Science and Technology Policy in general in Brazil and locally analyze the case of San Carlos taking as its starting point the perspective of the Science and Technology for Social Development. Highlighting various information of socioeconomic and scientific-technical policy of the municipality, two objects of research, the Technology Park of San Carlos (ParqTec) and the Municipal Sustainable Development, Science and Technology, representing the Municipality, were studied in search up which elements contribute or not to social development. From this study we show that San Carlos is the technological center model because of the multiplicity of actions and institutions with innovative potential, but needs to consolidate to fulfill this role as a development model locally, and a C & T for social development.
Emprego de técnicas espectroanalíticas para a análise de amostras de solos e de coprólitos : análise de textura e exploratória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-21)
Sperança, Marco Aurélio
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5905694821382851
In this study, samples of coprolites (fossilized feces) were analyzed in LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) to evaluate the chemical profile in these samples using hyperspectral images, which enable us to assess the different concentration of several elements in the same image. One of these samples was submitted to analysis by ICP OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy) separately (rock and coprolites) to assess the actual concentration of each element in both of the arrays. Through the results of both techniques, it was possible to infer the diet of animals that generated the coprolites. The samples correspond to the Oligo-Miocene, Cretaceous, and Permian periods (28, 85 and 260 million years, respectively). Coprolites samples showed positive correlation between the Ca and P elements, indicating the presence of Ca3(PO4)2, compound generally present in carnivorous animal waste. In rock samples, the predominant elements were Al, K, Na and Si. Through a PCA analysis (Principal Component Analysis), it was found that the elements that characterized the samples changed as the age. Through scores graph analysis, it is possible to identify groups of samples in chronological order. The soil samples were analyzed by NIRS (Near-Infrared Spectroscopy) in an attempt to create classification models for soil texture, which is characterized by sand fractions, clay and silt soil. These are differentiated by particle size. Various strategies have been adopted in an attempt to improve the created models and several chemometric tools were utilized, such as SIMCA, KNN and PLS-DA for classification, giving satisfactory results as accuracy 83-100% for the calibration set. PLS to quantify the levels was also tested, but without success. The samples were also subjected to analysis by LIBS and soil encapsulation strategy with a polymer was tested, also without success, since the LIBS generates the spectral profile elements and does not distinguish particle size.
Corpo e resistência : reflexões sobre tecnologias de poder e experiências de fuga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-21)
Mello, Thiago Henrique
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Freitas, Denise de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2034661401598407
O estudo de simetrias com frisos e questões da OBMEP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-21)
Nardelli, Renan Eduardo
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Malagutti, Pedro Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462523657624050
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5095095788326803
This work handles topics involving geometric transformations and friezes for the study of symmetry. It aimed to present students from the Ninth Grade of a public school in São Paulo State activities, in order to enrich them scientifically, culturally; sharpening their curiosity and critical reasoning. For this, a series of activities related to the theme symmetry was developed: first of all, students solved questions on a diagnosing sheet of paper about translation, reflection and rotation movements on the plan, followed by a slide presentation of these same topics. Then, they watched a video about Alhambra Palace in Spain to motivate them to study the symmetries in decorative friezes. Students solved various problems of OBMEP involving symmetrical situations and they ended up the work building seven patterns of friezes. The analysis of these solutions is presented in order to verify whether there was a contribution to the learning of geometric transformations related to symmetries. Such analysis is based on the researcher’s experience and also on testimonials from the participants.
Avaliação da atividade bactericida do biovidro F18 e F18 com prata para aplicações médicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-21)
Campanini, Lidiani Aparecida
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Peitl Filho, Oscar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3007441705652783
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Souza, Clovis Wesley Oliveira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0781683628437007
Millions of surgeries for implants and prosthesis placement are performed annually worldwide. Among these surgical procedures are observed some types of failures. The most worrying complication is the infection that can cause deformity in the region, amputation of body parts, and may progress to osteomyelitis and patient death. In this context, the bactericidal property of the bioactive glasses is being widely studied. The F18 is a new bioglass that was developed at Vitreous Materials Laboratory (LaMaV) and can be manipulated in different forms to be used as auxiliary agent in the medical treatment of infectious processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bactericidal activity of F18 in powder form for coating implants and in fibers form to be used in wound healing, on the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, it was proposed to compare the kinetic of bactericidal activity of F18 in powder, F18 in powder doped with silver (F18Ag), and the standard bioglass called 45S5, on S. aureus. The bactericidal activity of F18 was tested using an analysis method based on a standard JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) Z2801: 2010, where the inoculum was in contact with the material for 24 hours and the reduction of viable cells was observed after this period. For the realization of kinetic tests the powder samples from different materials were placed in contact with the S. aureus suspension and an aliquot of these mixtures was plated in a culture media at different times. The direct count of colony on Petri dishes demonstrated the viable cells reduction. F18 both in powder form and in the form of fibers showed an extremely efficient bactericidal activity. The elimination of the microorganisms was close to 100%. The log of reduction of bacteria was between 5.9 ± 0.4 and 7.0 ± 0.2 log10 CFU ml-1, and the standard considers as a bactericide the material that shows a reduction of 2.0 logs or more. The bactericidal activity of F18Ag began after the first 30 minutes of contact with microorganisms and practically eliminated the bacterial colonies after one hour of contact. The bactericidal action of F18 started after six hours and eliminated viable cells after 24 hours. Both materials demonstrated bactericidal action similar to that presented by the standard 45S5.
Estudo e desenvolvimento do protótipo de aplicativo móvel : “cateterismo intermitente limpo : guia de apoio para adultos”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-24)
Pereira, Barbara Juliana da Costa
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Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9744833903914682
The clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is an effective alternative to indwelling catheterization, being used for the management of bladder dysfunction including in the home environment through clean technique. The objectives of the study were: Identify, analyze and summarize the scientific evidence on caring for clean intermittent catheterization in the home environment; organize, from the review of the data, the contents of a support tab for adults; and develop a prototype application for mobile devices with organized content. It is a study with a quantitative approach, descriptive exploratory and technological development. It was carried out in three stages, being them the Integrative literature, Organization and content, and Mobile Application Prototyping. From the review, it was possible to evidence the related factors of the CIC success in the home enviroment, guiding the elaboration of the educational content. These data were organized along with other current related subject works in the literature, composing the guide’s educational content, based on recommendations on the development of health’s educational materials. The review of the data contributed to the evidence-based information to make up the mobile application prototype to be built on a digital platform, aiming to promote the improvement of care provided by nursing professionals to individuals using intermittent urinary catheterization, as it is related to the self-care education. The application prototype development involved its preparation in Unity platform by a multimedia professional, structuring the interface, preparing the navigation features and creating icons. Finally, we performed the evaluation of the usability of the built prototype that demonstrated good usability of it, though it is still necessary to carry out evaluation by experts of the end product development. We hope the results of this study can contribute to the advancement of research related to the use of CIL, by developing technologies that bring customers to scientific knowledge on the subject in order to provide these individuals the required quality and safety, and so, achieve higher levels of adherence to the practice of clean intermittent catheterization.
Planejamento e avaliação de fragmentos moleculares como inibidores da enzima cruzaína
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-24)
Rangel, Karen Cristina
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Montanari, Carlos Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9200533791228786
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4726384027462430
The available drugs for treating Chagas disease are not effective, therefore the development of new therapies is needed. Cruzain is the major Trypanosoma cruzi cysteine protease, the causative agent of the disease, and is a validated therapeutic target for the discovery of new trypanocidal agents. Our group has identified a cruzain inhibitor with fragment characteristics - [5- (2-chlorophenyl) -1,3,4- oxadiazol-2-yl] acetic acid (Neq0147) and its mode of interaction was validated by determining orthogonally its crystal structure. However, interactions of this inhibitor were not yet appropriately optimized. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize the interactions of Neq0147 to identify new fragments as non-peptide cruzain inhibitors, which was carried out through a structure-activity relationship study (SAR). Molecular modifications have been made based on Neq0147, wherein initially carboxylate was replaced by a nitrile to increase the affinity of the inhibitor and to act as an anchor to explore other modifications. Then it was made the replacement of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring for others heterocyclic five-membered rings, with the intention to explore interactions with Asp161 and Gly65. The position of the chlorine atom on the aromatic ring was also varied to explore interactions with amino acids in the S2 subsite. The compounds were tested against cruzain to determine its inhibition constant. From the SAR study it can be concluded that the change that generated higher affinity gain was the replacement of the carboxylate group by nitrile. It can also be seen that the presence of chlorine is essential for the fragments activity, which preferably should be present in the ortho or para positions. Among the evaluated inhibitors one fragment, Neq0617, has an affinity 14 times greater than the original fragment. Moreover, various inhibitors similar to fragments with high affinity and interaction efficiency have been identified, therefore these inhibitors are potential candidates for optimization.
Contribuição ao estudo do sistema de pré-lajes tipo painel treliçado em pavimentos de edificações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-24)
Rocha, Filipe de Lima
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
;
lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9481565357564253
The civil construction more than ever is challenged by the circumstances faced by the country, the economic crisis experienced in these last few years puts into perspective the necessity of more rational choices avoiding unnecessary dispenses and wastes. In face of this scenario the pre-cast elements became vital to guarantee the conclusion in less time and trying to reduce constructive bottlenecks. The latticed pre-cast concrete slabs are one of the many types of pre-cast parts which can be used at the construction sites, however the national standards are confuse and vague about some aspects contained especially in the European standards. Even the last review of the NBR 6118 of 2014 adds little about the issue and the more specific standard (NBR 14680) has few constructive details regarding the connection between elements and the calculus procedures, therefore this work tries to discuss the main questions related to this kind of pavement, introduces knowledge coming from other standards trying to answer some less usual doubts, but extremely pertinent ones such as, for example, the concept of self-portance, the use of this material in bridge floors and also the type connective reinforcement needed to attain the effective monolithism at the interface between beamstructure. This dissertation also presents some examples of pre- and post-constructive deflection limits, fissured deformation and a full example of calculation for a common pavement. Some data from the experiments realized at the NEPRE in the University of São Carlos and their practical application are shown as well.
Treinamento e capacitação dos profissionais da construção civil baseados nos conceitos da mentalidade enxuta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-24)
Panaino, Brunna Bernardo de Faria
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Paliari, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7981134066791604
The industry of civil construction presents frequent progress in material development, but a notable delay in management. To assist in the management process, it has been sought to adopt the concept of lean thinking that emerged in the automotive industry and it has been adapted to various segments because of its efficiency. They have developed several theoretical works on the subject, but there are still difficulties in the implementation in construction due to low education of the workforce; lack of organizational diagnosis, among others. This work aims to present a form of training for the workforce with a focus on reducing waste and loss based on the concepts of lean thinking. Classified as action research, the following steps were included: (1) literature review on teaching methods, training and lean thinking; (2) development of preliminary proposal of training and capacity and its evaluation mechanisms and subsequent (3) application and validation (4) final proposal for the training and qualification method. The application shows that the model developed contributes to filling thegap between the lean construction theory and the practice of construction. The uniqueness of the model consists of the application of the training with pedagogical foundations of learning styles to best suit the target audience.
Toxicidade, eficácia e efeitos morfofuncionais do antimicrobiano azitromicina para a tilápia Oreochromis niloticus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-24)
Shiogiri, Natália Sayuri
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Cruz, Claudinei da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1023527914463601
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Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
The increase of fish production in intensive systems involves the use of antimicrobians in the treatment of diseases caused by bacteria. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate acute toxicity (CL50; 48h) of the antimicrobial azithromycin (AZT) for fingerlings of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), the effects on young tilapia, after chronic exposure (14 days) via hematological analysis, morphology gills, liver and kidneys and antioxidant system responses in the liver, and to determine the efficacy of control of Aeromonas hydrophila via hematological analysis and innate immune response, in addition to the morphological effects gills, kidneys and liver and antioxidant system responses in the liver. The acute toxicity (LC50; 48h) of the AZT to tilapia was > 100 mg L-1 being th AZT classified as practically non-toxic. After chronic exposure, there was an increase in hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and in the mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes (MCV) and no change in the other variables of the red series was observed. The leukocytes increased after exposure to 100 mg L-1 AZT. Histological changes in gills suggest defense response against irritant agent and indicate normal structure and function of the organ; in the kidney no changes was observed and in the liver changes were classified as moderate to severe. In the efficacy trial, the offering of medicated food with AZT (100 and 125 mg kg-1) to animals infected with A. hydrophila was efficient and all of the treated animals survived; of the untreated animals 22% came to death. The Hct decreased and the hematimetric indices mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration increased, the percentage of lymphocytes decreased and the percentage of neutrophil increased in untreated infected animals, but were unchanged in animals treated with AZT. No change occurred in innate immunity assessed by the activity of lysozyme, complement system and leukocytes respiratory burst activity. Gills showed no changes that could interfere in the organ function, in the liver changes were classified from mild to moderate and didn´t occurred alterations in the kidneys. Animals treated with AZT showed no adverse effects related to defense cells and the innate immune activity. The drug also caused no changes in antioxidant defense enzymes in the animals' liver after chronic exposure and did not generate oxidative stress. After challenge with A. hydrophila occurred an increased in the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase and glutathione level in the liver of animals treated with AZT and the glutathione level decreased in the infected group and untreated. These responses suggest that infection caused by A. hydrophila can induce an increased production of ROS and, consequently, stimulated responses of the antioxidant defenses. These responses were effective to prevent the occurrence of oxidative stress.
Geração de um programa de rotação de postos de trabalho considerando critérios ergonômicos e de produtividade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-24)
Márquez, Maria Fernanda Ramos
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Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1999503875609726
Resumen: Las tensiones laborares que demandan esfuerzos yrepetición de actividades o posturas por periodos prolongados han sobrecargado los sistemas físicos humanos, pues estos esfuerzos son inherentemente poco naturales. La rotación de puestos de trabajo ayuda ala prevención de traumas ocasionados por estos factores, a través de la diversificación de tareas y la reducción de los períodos de exposición a elementos que podrían perjudicar a los trabajadores física o cognitivamente. Múltiples herramientas se han utilizado para la planificación de rotaciones, dentro de las cuales es posible encontrar el modelaje matemático y la simulación. Así, este trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer un modelo matemático de programación lineal entera mixta para generar programas de rotación puestos de trabajo que permitan minimizar el riesgo de desarrollar trastornos musculoesqueléticos (TME) causados por la repetición en una línea de embalaje de productos. La productividad de los trabajadores en cada estación de trabajo también es considerada. Para poner a prueba la solidez de losresultados en condiciones estocásticos, fue desarrollada una simulación computacional que tiene en cuenta paradas en el sistema de diversos orígenes, al igual que variaciones en la tasa de productividad de los trabajadores. La principal contribución de este estudio es el análisis ergonómico y productivo dela rotación de puestos de trabajo mediante la combinación de dos técnicas. El esfuerzo asociado a las tareas repetitivas se midió por utilizando el indicadorOccupational Repetitive Actions Index (OCRA).La productividad se evaluó midiendo el número de unidades procesadas por trabajadoren cada puesto de trabajo. Para evaluar la adherenciade la metodología a la realidad y la calidad de sus respuestas, un estudio de caso se realizó en una línea de embalaje manual de productos, que se caracteriza por la repetición de tareas. A partir de los datos facilitados por la empresa, se realizaron pruebas para determinar el mejorpunto deequilibrio entre la minimización de la exposición a los riesgos ergonómicos y el mantenimiento de la productividad. Las formulaciones propuestas resultaronser una representación ajustadadel sistema estudiado, en cuanto alos riesgosergonómicos y a la productividad, generando soluciones prácticas, realistas y plausibles
Recreações e artesanato em aulas de matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-24)
Garcia, Carmem Barrio
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Sampaio, João Carlos Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8286887389013685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4235065207999139
From the need to increase the concentration and the interest of students playful method of teaching was applied, by making use of a desire of the students to pro-duce elastic bracelets, introducing through this form of craft concepts of the curriculum of mathematics for the seventh year of basic education and some concepts of financial mathematics which served as reminder of the mathematical operations concepts taught previously. The result was an improvement in the levels of learning, concentration and application on carrying out and completion of the tasks proposed.
Diversidade funcional e negra de isópodes subterrâneos em áreas cársticas do centro-leste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-24)
Fernandes, Camile Sorbo
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Bichuette, Maria Elina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1479234559878695
We addressed the mechanisms responsible for the composition of subterranean communities and its consequences for the maintenance of ecological processes. In the first chapter, we tested whether cave communities were assembled by the restrictive regime propitiated by permanent darkness, or by limiting similarity caused by competitive exclusion when compared to surface communities. With this purpose, we measured several niche descriptors of species from inside and outside caves using a multivariate measure of functional diversity and compared their widths. Our results showed that isopods found inside caves favourable conditions to allow occupation and diversification, with milder environmental parameters coupled with the absence of specialised predators. There is, therefore, phenotypic overdispersion and higher functional diversity in cave species when compared to surface ones. This higher functional diversity results in better efficiency in resource use, but also in lower resilience of ecological processes. In the second chapter, we tried to understand the processes underlying patterns of subterranean biodiversity and its consequences, because species do not occur in all caves or habitat patches where their occurrences are expected. We looked for the species absences, known as the dark diversity, for estimation of how much of the habitat-specific regional species pool is realised within each local cave community. We tested whether the species were absent because of their functional attributes and tried to understand the relative importance of determinants of cave biodiversity using local-regional regression models. Our results indicated that the occurrence of the species is far from its potential, considering habitat availability and ecological requirements. We found no relationship between species absences and functional traits but this is possibly an artifact of the low species number and low co-occurrences of isopods. For the same reason the regression models did not fit in the local-regional relationship. Differences between caves and regions possibly results from the amount of microhabitats, resource inputs and historical factors and, from a conservation perspective, the caves with higher completeness deserve attention, because they may be a source of migratory individuals to other areas in the vicinity. In the third chapter we compiled the current state of knowledge of oniscidean fauna in Brazilian caves by listing the described species and adding several new records from our own surveys. Among these, certainly new species will be identified. We also addressed the need of validation of the new species and identification of the unrecognized ones by proper taxonomic research, as any delay may yield loss of biodiversity.
A educação das crianças menores de 06 anos sobre a perspectiva de Heloísa Marinho, Nazira Féres Abi-Sáber, Celina Airlie Nina e Odilon de Andrade Filho : uma análise de suas ideias pedagógicas (1934-1971)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-25)
Varotto-Machado, Michele
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Hai, Alessandra Arce
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3845288858275245
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0506121990457151
Heloísa Marinho, Celina Airlie Nina, Nazira Féres Abi-Sáber and Odilon de Andrade Filho have a range of bibliographic production, and research articles regarding the understanding of the child under 06 years in Brazil. Anchored directly to government agencies of their period, the authors sought to present their works in pedagogical ideas for the Early Childhood Education. Faced with this observation, we aimed to understand: The conceptions that concern the School movement would have been appropriate in Brazilian Early childhood education? How the ideals of John Dewey were implemented for the education of children under 06 years? So the main research hypothesis is the incorporation of educational ideas of John Dewey occurred in the core of the hygienist/assistentialist movement, which could have led to distortions and theoretical and methodological mistakes in the use of the Dewey school theory. Thus, our objective is: apprehend and analyze how the educational conceptions of John Dewey were appropriate to "think" the Brazilian Early Childhood Education from to 1934 to1971. As methodological procedures we base our analysis on the theoretical and methodological support of Depaepe (2000; 2005) and Certeau (2008) with regard to the consideration of the research object in its historical context, but also consider the assumptions highlighted by Depaepe (2000; 2005 ) on the "black box" of the classroom, "grammar of schooling" and educacionalization process. Therefore we conducted a literature review about the output for the children under 06 years, considering the period defined for this research. This survey, however, was made in the following journals: Revista Educação, Revista Sociedade e Educação and Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos. Regarding proposals to lower education than 06 years in Brazil, it was possible to understand the political and pedagogical demands for this field. In this sense, we sought from the selected material understand the circularity of the ideas that were present in the context of life and production of the four authors selected as the object of our study. Heloisa Marinho, Celina Airlie Nina, Nazira Féres Abi-Saber and Odilon de Andrade Filho highlighted by the direct relationship with government agencies set up at the time to provide the shelter, protection and educational projects for young children in Brazil, among which out: the National Department of Children; National Institute of Pedagogical Studies (INEP); Brazilian-American Assistance Program Elementary Education (PABAEE) and the Center for Studies and Research Helena Antipoff the Pestalozzi Society of Brazil. These authors can be considered active and immersed in national and international debates in the field of Early Childhood Education, with: materials, discussions, guidelines, analysis and activity descriptions for the children. From the analysis of all this material it was found that the set of conceptions present in the New Education ideas were appropriated by these authors, but were used as species of "slogans" that represented the ideas of Dewey, Decroly, Montessori, Froebel, Pestalozzi and Claparede; these appeared as a discourse of "reform" and consequently thus "improving" for the Early Childhood Education.
Sistemas de contraventamento aplicados em estruturas pré-moldadas de concreto de múltiplos pavimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-25)
Santos, Luciano Ferreira
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Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6944939760250103
The use of precast concrete system in multi-storey buildings demand for structural solutions that enable its horizontal stability without implicating the architectural and economic aspects, its challenge is borne by the structural engineer, who often need to assign additional structures (substructures of bracing) that provide the rigidity necessary to ensure the overall stability of the assembly. This study aims to analyze and evaluate the technical and economic performance of bracing systems applied to buildings with multiple floors with precast concrete structure and can be justified by the current need to develop appropriate technically ways of choice in the constructive system. The development of this study is the analysis of global stability in multi-storey buildings with the application of bracing systems, evaluating the influence of the stiffness and the arrangement of these elements in the performance of the structure, and comparing the concrete consumption values of the structures formed by beams and columns (disregarding the slabs and the foundation), and also values of the efforts in the foundation. To develop this study we used the commercial software STRAP® as a support tool for calculations, where the results gotten by it, showed that the bracing substructures improved the behavior of the structures analyzed in the issue of global stability. Finally, they were provided the necessary subsidies for the proper choice of the wind bracing system to be employed on the structures analyzed in this work.
Identificação estrutural de metabólitos provenientes do metabolismo in vitro de compostos bioativos e estudos de fenotipagem enzimática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-25)
Cardoso, Josiane de Oliveira
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Venâncio, Tiago
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990
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Oliveira, Regina Vincenzi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609377714413073
This work reports studies of in vitro metabolism involving the compound 3-(2-chloro-6-fluorobenzyl)- imidazolidine-2,4-dione (LPSF-PT-31), a new 2-adrenoceptor agonist and, studies of enzyme phenotyping of montelukast, a drug used for the treatment of asthma. The results of this study revealed that LPSF-PT-31 is metabolized via CYP P450s in rat and human liver microsomes, producing only one major hydroxy-metabolite. LPSFPT- 31 showed a higher rate of in vitro metabolism in rats, which suggests a greater exposure to the drug in humans. The structural identification of LPSF-PT-31 metabolite’s was achieved through LC-MSn and 1H-NMR analysis that provided data to conclude that the hydroxylation occurred in the 5th position of the imidazolidine ring yielding to the production of 3-(2-chloro-6-fluorobenzyl)-5-hydroxyimidazolidine-2,4- dione. Related to the studies of enzyme phenotyping of montelukast, it was observed that the glucuronidation is the main clearance pathway of montelukast accounting for ~85% of the total apparent in vitro Clint (CYPs +UGTs) and that the CYP-mediated oxidation accounts only for ~15% to the overall metabolism of the drug, being montelukast acyl-β-D-glucuronide and montelukast 1,2 diol the major metabolites formed via UGTs and CYPs, respectively. Kinetic studies, correlation analysis, inhibition studies and, experiments in expressed CYPs and UGTs revealed that the CYP2C9 and CYP2C8 are comparably involved in the formation of montelukast 1,2- diol. CYP3A4 was responsible for the formation of 21(R)-OH montelukast and 21(S)- OH montelukast, while multiple CYPs catalyzed the formation of 25-OH montelukast (CYP2C8>2C9>3A4>2C19). The direct glucuronidation of montelukast resulted in the formation of montelukast acyl-β-D-glucuronide and of a new metabolite (Mglucuronide) not reported previously and was exclusively catalyzed by isoform UGT1A3. In conclusion, the in vitro data suggest that the applicability of montelukast as a probe of CYP2C8 activity in vitro and in vivo may be severely compromised due to important role of UGT1A3 and involvement of multiple CYPs in its metabolism. In addition, considering the lack of selective markers for UGT1A3, montelukast may be used as a selective marker of the UGT1A3 in vitro and in vivo.
Educação no ensino médio : uma forma de inclusão excludente?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-25)
Franco, Glaziela Aparecida
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Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0634326323830379
The present paper researches the exclusive inclusion occurring in the Public High School. The goal of this work is to analyze the exclusive inclusion processes which occur in the State Public High School of Minas Gerais, its policies and acting before the exclusion, as well as analyze the factor that contributes to the students’ failure and school evasion of a state school in Poços de Caldas (MG). The field research was made through interviewing school managers, teachers and students using a questionnaire. The analyzes of the interviews showed in general, that the students are guilty of failing or evading the High School, by taking for granted the free instruction given by the State. There is a little awareness that the State only provides the free instruction, but it does not guarantee the staying of the young in school. The results of the questionnaires showed that there are other social restrictions such as the need of work to help the family, a lack of family support, precocious pregnancy, among others that also contribute to this failure and evasion. Therefore it is clear that the failures and evasions are not connected only to the school, but also to the families, to the government policies, and the student itself. We consider that the school must go beyond the role as a simple knowledge and reproductive transmitter, to be a knowledge production establishment, so being strengthened by knowledge and criticality, it may break free from the shackles of neoliberal system.