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Uma proposta metodológica para o ensino das funções trigonométricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-28) Batista, Valéria Nogueira; Seixas, Wladimir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1697352974728327
This research has focused primarily on teaching trigonometric sine and cosine functions. The proposal is to organize the teaching of these functions, in order to improve good learning situations to students, to encourage the transition of trigonometric ratios in right triangle to the trigonometric circle with the use of manipulative materials and GeoGebra software. Based on the theoretical assumptions described in the High School National Curriculum Standards and Curriculum of the State of São Paulo seeking to outline for the teacher, the skills and expertise that student must acquire to be made in basic education, are presented educational alternatives. It aims to help students understand the need and the practical applicability of Trigonometric Functions. Analyzing how these functions are covered in the curriculum documents and books of the National Textbook Program (PNLD 2015), we tried to develop a pioneering work and research including mathematical modeling and taking as reference the exploratory and investigative activities.
A interpretação de Descartes nas Lições sobre a história da filosofia de Hegel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-28) Cherri, Carlos Gustavo Monteiro; Baioni, José Eduardo Marques; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9613180348313909; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5503137658927438
According to Hegel the Modern philosophy begins with Descartes. In this sense, we proposed to investigate what are the consequences of such a statement in the Hegelian conception of History of Philosophy. The relevance of this issue is the meaning of the discipline History of Philosophy as it be understand by Hegel. The History of Philosophy is the exhibition’s of philosophy itself and the means for their intelligibility. The systems that arise in the way of History of Philosophy are the particular settings of a unique and overall Philosophy. The latest philosophies contain the above philosophies as one-sided or principles of your system. The philosophical progression advances of more abstract concepts to more concrete concepts. Therefore what is the revolution promoted by Cartesian thought, what this philosopher could start a new figure in the overall configuration of Philosophy? For the role of Descartes can be clarified, we studied the works Principles of the Philosophy, Metaphysical Meditations, and Discourse on Method of Descartes, as well as the chapter on Descartes in Vorlesungen über die Geschichte der Philosophie, the Introduction to the Lectures on the History of Philosophy, and the Encyclopedia of Philosophical Sciences of Hegel. From the progression of Hegelian exposition, we analyzed as Hegel understands the Cartesian doubt, the formulation of the cogito, the idea of God and the divine veracity, primordial determinations of thought of Descartes, Hegel as highlighted by its principles, supporting our argumentation in considerations of Andrews, Bourgeois, Lebrun and Weiss. Recognizing the value of Descartes consists in the formulation of the unity of being and thinking, even if naively, Hegel says that such a notion is the most interesting of Modern Philosophy, because it identifies the moment of understanding metaphysics, abstract understanding, the first way of thinking, which precedes the time of dialectical thinking and speculative thought. If the History of Philosophy is the development and intelligibility own philosophy, we decided to put in relief, separately in Appendix, the Hegelian conceptions in the teaching of philosophy, both in the Secondary Education, responsible for the education of young people, as the University.
Avaliação do comportamento de BTEX e seus metabólitos de biodegradação em solos: estudos de remedição em microcosmos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-28) Niño Camacho, Leidy Rocío; Fadini, Pedro Sérgio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3255060531838427; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3446862453375840
The monoaromatic hydrocarbons composed by benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes isomers (BTEX), are commonly found near local oil refineries, filling stations, or around pipelines, as a result ofleaks and/or spills. In such places, a microbial activity not only promotes the transformation of these compounds into products such as CO2 or methane, but also convert them into highly toxic and/or carcinogenic compounds. Some of the metabolites resulting from biotransformation process are benzylsuccinic acid, 2-methylbenzylsuccinic acid, isomers of toluic acid and benzoic acid. The aim of this study is to increase knowledge about the biodegradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons in soils, by investigating their removal under three different conditions, and to evaluate the formation products associated with their degradation. This work was carried out with series of anaerobic microcosms with three different electron acceptors acting as oxidants: sulfate, nitrate and iron (III). The individual effect of each in a soil contaminated with BTEX and another set containing a mixture of these electron acceptors with soil contaminated with conventional diesel were investigated. The concentrations of BTEX and metabolites were monitored for 90 days. Previously, it was necessary to develop suitable analytical methods for monitoring BTEX through gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detection (GC/FID) while high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) was used for determining the metabolites. A preliminary microbiological characterization of groups of bacteria was carried out, showing a prevalence of nitrate-reducing bacteria in the soil utilized. Evidence that the BTEX compounds may be removed in anaerobic conditions linked to nitrate and sulfate reduction were found. Using iron (III) like electron receptor was not observed a significant decrease in the concentration of contaminants during the three months of incubation, except for toluene. Results also show that toluene was the compound quite easily degraded in anaerobic conditions in soil, enriched with different electron acceptors. On the other hand the appearance of metabolites was quickly detected in the series of experiments employing nitrate, due to the higher content of native nitrate reducing bacteria in the soil, associated with the fact that nitrate has a higher oxidizing power from the electron receptors studied. In case of iron (III), metabolites were slow to appear, however higher concentrations were detected mainly of benzylsuccinic acid from toluene degradation. To establish a scenario more realistic of contamination, a soil was artificially contaminated with diesel. However, due to the large number of compounds present in the fuel, the toxicity of the medium was increased, causing inhibition of the biological activity and thus affecting the efficiency of BTEX removal.
Identificação, caracterização e validação de sequências microssatélites no genoma do mico-leão-preto (Leontopithecus chrysopygus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-28) Pardo, Priscilla Pina; Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5647631868534064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9660740513799976
The black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) is one of the most endangered neotropical primates and the historical causes that led them to the brink of extinction are closely related to the history of the Atlantic Rainforest. Among its main threats are the fragmentation of their habitat, the small number of his surviving populations and the isolation of them, which directly affect the genetic structure of these populations. The use of genetic analysis and molecular markers for the wildlife conservation have been growing over the past few years with the advent of genetic and molecular technologies and bioinformatics, allowing the establishment of rapid diagnosis of diseases and many genetic and ecological parameters such as migration rate, population size, genetic diversity, kinship relations. Among the main molecular markers are microsatellite that consist of short DNA sequences tandemly repeated composed of 1 to 6 bases pairs widely distributed in eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes. Characteristics like codominance and high level of polymorphism make microsatellites an important tool to measure the loss of genetic diversity and recent changes in genetic structure of populations, and for use in forensic investigations. Among the methods used for the isolation of such markers, is the in silico mining for species with available genetic data. In the present study, we identified 60 tetranucleotide microsatellite loci have been identified in the genome of common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) through data mining conducted in the genome of this species. Primer pairs were designed and tested in black lion tamarin, since this kind does not have any genomic data available. Of the 60 loci tested, 87% had successful amplification of DNA samples from 10 captive animals. PCR products were analyzed on agarose gel and 13 loci were genotyped in automatic sequencer ABI3730XL. The Geneious version 8.1.6 software was used for genotyping. Only four loci showed polymorphism, observed two alleles per locus. This low polymorphism may be associated with the origin of the captive colonies.
Estudo de nova fórmula de caracteres para representações de Álgebra de Lie semissimples
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-28) Gutierrez, Gonzalo Emanuel Matías; Schützer, Waldeck; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8638200922501477; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1896861597745813
The objective of this dissertation is descrive formally the irreducible representations of finitedimensional semisimple Lie algebras g over a field F algebraically closed with characteristic zero, as also get some multiplicity formulas that allow compute the dimension of the weight space in the representation and also the quantity of weight. In this regard, the newness of this work is the study of a new characters formula, recently published by Schützer [Sch12], and this based in one combinatory given only in terms of not simple positive roots of the Lie algebra. The main results of this dissertation are reviewed and clarified.
O uso do software Modellus na formação inicial dos licenciandos em Física dentro da abordagem metodológica da sala de aula invertida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-28) Tomanik, Marcelo; Arantes, Alessandra Riposati; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6742903299047989; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6098995601989014
This paper presents an application experience of the methodology called Flipped Classroom in a class of undergraduates in physics at the University of Uberlandia, using a computational mathematical modeling software, the Modellus, in its version 0.4.05, which stands for a simulation capability of varying phenomena, especially those studied in physics teaching. The goal pursued in carrying out the experiment, and this paper, was to demonstrate the practicability of applying the methodology called Flipped Classroom from the development of simple instructional materials and the use of resources available to most physics teachers. The choice of Modellus, as base of the experience, was for its undeniable usefulness as an educational tool for teachers and undergraduate students of Physics and a felt need for dissemination of this software. In this paper we present the description of the materials developed, the way of their development and the instruments used for the implementation of experience and the collect of its results. Because of Modellus employment with undergraduate students, a chapter was dedicated to briefly describing the trajectory of teachers graduation in Physics in Brazil until today and another discussing the importance of mathematical modeling in teaching, as well as a literature review of studies related to modeling and / or Modellus. Experiment results reinforce not only the practicability of the inverted Classroom, but also the need for greater disclosure of Modellus between teachers and undergraduates, which led to the preparation of a written tutorial covering the entire contents of physics used in the experiment.
Sentidos dados por profissionais da atenção primária à participação das famílias no processo de cuidado de pessoas com Síndrome de Down
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-28) Caliri, Mariana; Fontanella, Bruno José Barcellos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0111581000671476; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2509763117517389
This study was developed using a qualitative method to achieve its general objective: understand some of the meanings attributed by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals to the roles that families would perform, according to themselves, in the health-disease process of people with Down Syndrome (DS). For that end, an interview corpus that had already been analyzed for other specific objectives was used. A new reading of this corpus confirmed the relevance of the family theme for the interviewees. For this study, the authors considered the assumption that understanding what the professionals think about the families of DS carriers can help improve care for these patients and their families. The analyzed corpus was composed of 16 semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions that were applied to Family Health Strategy professionals of the city of São Carlos, state of São Paulo. The discourse content analysis technique was used while trying to identify, in addition to the themes and subthemes in the interviews, possible representations and experiences of the interviewees on the subject. The identified subthemes were grouped into three thematic categories, with a total of 15 subthemes. The results of this study, which addressed a “micro” context, make it possible to glimpse a “macro” reality, which is possibly experienced by PHC professionals in Brazil in general. The professionals attribute roles and responsibilities to the families that do not seem to be fully shared by the Family Health Units. The professionals perceive many aspects of the families, pointing to some of their needs, the roles that the families perform in their perception and other aspects that influence the care offered by the families. Such perceptions contribute to a critical reflection regarding the practices of healthcare services. They acknowledge weak points and potentialities in family participation. The data obtained suggests that it is important to conduct further research with PHC professionals that are focused on the type of practice that is performed with the families of people with DS, especially in a context where it is possible glimpse changes resulting from the implementation of the National Policy of Comprehensive Care in Clinical Genetics.
Aplicação do método biomimético para o recobrimento da liga AZ91 com apatitas para aumento da resistência à corrosão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-28) Ramasco, Bruno Torquato; Thomazini, Anahi Herrera Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9432162395399218; Bolfarini, Claudemiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4155994936324989
In orthopedic medicine and traumatology, the use of implants to help bone reconstitution is very common. They are divided in two groups: Internal and external fixation devices. After bone reconstitution, these components lose their function and therefore must be removed. However, in many cases, due to the cost or patient suffering, the devices are not removed. To avoid this, are under development bioabsorbable alloys that after bone healing degrade and are absorbed by the body, not requiring its removal. Among them, magnesium based alloys are under the spot. Regular magnesium alloys, however, present one main drawback: High corrosion rate, which leads to mechanical properties loss before the bone reconstitution and excessive production of gas hydrogen, leading to the formation of gas pockets, which cause adverse reactions and inhibit bone growth. This study aims to investigate surface coatings on the commercial alloy AZ91 in order to decrease the corrosion rate, making the material suitable for the use as biodegradable implants. Three modified SBF solutions were employed to coat the surfaces with apatites using the biomimetic method. The influences of pre-treatment of the samples in NaOH solution and heat treatment after coating on the electrochemical behavior of produced coatings were investigated. The results showed that the use of biomimetic method using modified SBF solutions was effective to produce apatite phases on the surface of the magnesium commercial alloy AZ91, considered a more suitable bone replacement than HA. The coated samples presented higher corrosion resistance than the uncoated material, as evaluated by electrochemical tests. This behavior was more pronounced for coatings obtained after the use of pre-treatment NaOH solution.
Reconfiguração do mercado brasileiro de música : os incumbentes e os novos capitais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-28) Toyama, Míriam Costa; Côrtes, Mauro Rocha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8988613760967305; Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6429216929986209
This doctoral dissertation seeks to explain the changes in the music market in the last decade using the Field Theory, by Fligstein and McAdam (2012). Thus, we consider the music market a strategic field of action, which, according to the authors is in frequent adjustment and are subject to external shocks. In this way, through events in nearby fields, the development of innovations that allowed the unauthorized sharing and downloading content over the internet has had a profound impact on the music market, and later on other cultural goods markets. Initial reactions of the incumbent actors have been through strategies that had already been used in earlier times: law suits, educational campaigns and pressuring the government in favor of a stronger legislation. Thus, the reactions of incumbent actors were acoording to what explains the theory, the use of strategies known to restore the status quo. However, due to the crisis that shook the ability of incumbent actors to reproduce their advantages, new players entered the market. In addition, incumbent actors gave way and changed their business models, establishing relations with the new entrants, and adopting new business models leveraging the internet as a means of distribution, dissemination and others. Record companies also started expande their activtities, working with artist's career management. Thus, according to the analysis of the work, we concluded that there was a change in the business model, and that in the Brazilian case these changes followed the international trends. Through research field we conclude that Brazilian companies have adopted the distribution of digital music through online stores and through cell phone companies, streaming services as well as the actors have adopted the 360 contracts.