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Uma análise sobre créditos e os controles do Banco Central no Brasil entre 2007 e 2015
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-04)
Kluth, Fabian
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Rodrigues, Rodrigo Vilela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7066100737307566
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5212532876353136
In considering the evolution of credit and rising inflationary pressure observed in Brazil between 2007 and 2015 this research investigates how the Central Bank of Brazil, given its goal of inflation targeting, acted in providing reserves to support the observed credit growth in recent years. The econometric method used for analysis consisted of applying Granger causality tests using data from the Central Bank of Brazil. We conclude that the amount of money were defined by demand and had no impact on the determination of the nominal product. The central bank, in turn, provided the necessary reserves in accordance to the volume of deposits. Together, these results provide support to the notion of endogenous money supply in the period.
Relação da estrutura da paisagem mosaico Carajás, PA com a ocorrência de Anodorlynchus hyacinthinus (arara-azul-grade)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-04)
Conrado, Ludmila Pereira
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Valente, Roberta Averna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582627535733911
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4212904334696001
In Brazil, there are about 6,500 individuals of Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus (Hyacinth macaw) in wild, located in three physiognomically distinct regions. The specie is demanding as to breeding habitat, and can be regarded as feeding specialist. Currently, the species is endangered because the reduction of their originally habitat, as consequence of the disorderly process of land occupation. This process, broadly, causes negative effects on landscape, in particular the remaining native forest vegetation. In this context, the study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Hyacinth macaw in mosaic Carajás landscape, considering the intrinsic characteristics of the landscape structure and biology of this species. We considered three regions of the Carajás mosaic: R1- Itacaiúnas river, R2-FLONA Itacaiúnas and, R3 - Canaã dos Carajás. The sampling of Hyacinth macaw was done through direct observation and calculated the frequency records for R1 (1.26 region/hour), R2 (0.38 reg./hour) and R3 (0.44 reg. /hour), and after, was estimated area of life for each region (R1 = 22187.87 ha; R2= 66397.0ha, R3 = 41841.2ha). We made the land-use/land-cover map to support evaluation of the landscape, through unsupervised classification of satellite images. The final map was reclassified two classes: forest and non-forest. The follow landscape metrics were calculated: distance between fragments (R2 = 499 m; R3 = 364m), midsize (R2 = 148,5ha; R3 = 10,6ha), the size of the largest fragment (R2 = 39.360,8ha; R3 = 888,1ha), and number of fragments (R2 = 337, R3 = 863). From the results, we can said that forested areas with riparian vegetation presence appear to be more propitious to Hyacinth macaw occurrence in the mosaic Carajás, Pará, Brazil, but the preference for open areas is not ruled out. Furthermore, the species occupy different degraded patterns landscape, because there is a large displacement capacity and proximity to the mosaic. Atropism and interaction with other species, such as red macaws may be other factors that affect the distribution of species in the Carajás region.
Relação entre os métodos de síntese de precursores particulados ferroicos e a obtenção de compósitos magnetoelétricos texturados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-04)
Paranhos, Rafael Rodrigo Garofalo
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Garcia, Ducinei
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4310999203376154
This study analyses the relationships between synthesis routes and physical properties of the composite system 67.5(PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3) +32.5(PbTiO3), or simply PMN-PT, as ferroelectric phase and BaFe12O19, or BaM, as magnetic phase. The choice of phases was based on the exceptional properties that both PMN-PT and BaM possess: solid solutions of the complex perovskite PMN-PT in both monocrystalline and polycrystalline forms, particularly those whose composition lies within the region of morphotropic boundary phases, have the largest known piezoelectric coefficients. BaM, or barium hexaferrite, presents relatively high property anisotropy due to its hexagonal crystal structure (expressed in particles that grow in nonequiaxed format) and easy magnetization along the c-Crystallographic axis. Thus, the main objective of this work was to obtain and characterize magnetoelectric composites (either volumetric or as two-dimensional nanostructures) textured from PMN-PT/BaM, by exploiting the quasi-piezomagnectic characteristics and the microstructural, crystallographic and magnetic anisotropyof the BaM phase. With a molar ratio of 80/20 between the ferroelectric and magnetic phases, different routes of synthesis and processing were used for the production of threedimensional ceramic composites with 0-3 connectivity, or thin films with 0-3 and 2-2 connectivity.The Pechini, sol-gel, co-precipitation,and solid state reaction techniques were applied for the synthesis of powders and/or solutions; the pressure-assisted sintering method was used for the densification of three-dimensional bodies; and the spin-coating technique was employed for the deposition of films. Physical, electrical, magnetic and magnetoelectric characterizations were performed in order to clarify the influence of the BaM phase upon composites of different configurations. In a prospective yet not exhaustive manner, relations were assessed among the experimental parameters of the various synthesis routes (with greater focus on the barium hexaferrite phase) and the production of ceramic composites of PMNPT/ BaM system. It was found that the final characteristics of the prepared materials, particularly the hysteresis behavior of the magnetoelectric coefficient as a function of applied magnetic field, were highly susceptible to variations in the morphology, size and orientation of barium hexaferrite grains, which, in turn, depended on the synthesis and sintering routes applied.
Estudo da correlação entre motivação, estilo de aprendizagem e os tipos psicológicos Junguiano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-04)
Toledo, Evelyn Jeniffer de Lima
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Ferreira, Luiz Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4819009378941531
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3137463871015643
The motivation, learning style and the student's personality are constructs that have been studied in the field of educational psychology and is considered extremely important in teaching and learning processes. However, there is little research on this subject especially in quantitative terms. It is this gap that this research is inserted in order to answer the following research questions "There is a correlation between motivation, learning style and personality? and if so, how is it?" To answer this question we used 6 questionnaires: EMA, MSLQ-A, Psychological Types, LSI, ILS, MSLQ-B. Only the LSI proved inappropriate because of its low internal consistency. As results were found correlations ranging from weak to strong depending on the constructs in question, being more intense when constructs aimed at measuring different perspectives of the same factor, which shows a good consistency between the questionnaires. In addition, correlations were found between intrinsic motivational factors and academic performance and between "anxiety" and motivational extrinsic factors. Anxiety was also correlated with the learning style called "training" and therefore it is suggested that teachers do not encourage such style mainly students with anxiety problems. Furthermore, positive correlations were found between intrinsic and extrinsic factors indicating the presence of a not exclude the other, they can coexist. Intrinsic motivation was correlated with the psychological type via the perception factor, being positive and moderate to "intuition" and is also correlated to the learning style through the construct "critical thinking", indicating that it is favored intuitive individuals. "Critical thinking" also correlated favorably directly or indirectly, in the format of "metacognitive self-regulation", "time and study environment" and "regulation effort". Moreover, the positive correlation between these factors indicates that the development of a strategy for development is siding other. Therefore, it is concluded that there are correlations between the constructs and they suggest how to nourish or discourage certain styles.
Participação do fator de liberação de corticotrofina (CRF) no Locus coeruleus na resposta respiratória à hipercapnia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-04)
Miranda, Jolene Matos Incheglu de
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8968512556555459
Locus coeruleus (LC) is a pontine noradrenergic group that acts as a central chemoreceptor to CO2/pH and it is involved in the cognitive aspects of stress response and it is associated with a large number of physiological and behavioral processes, including sleepwake cycle, feeding, cardiovascular and respiratory control, nociception, thermoregulation and learning. The LC has also been implicated in the cognitive aspects of stress responses, in part through the action of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), which when released in these situations increases the firing frequency of LC noradrenergic neurons. CRF is the largest stimulator of the pituitary secretion of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and their receptors (types 1 and 2) are widely distributed in the central nervous system, including the LC. Thus, we tested the involvement of CRF1 receptors (CRF1) located in the LC in the ventilatory and thermal responses induced by hypercapnia (7%CO2) in rats. To this end, we injected antalarmin (a CRF1 antagonist, 0.05 and 0,1 μg/0.1 μL) into the LC of male Wistar rats. Pulmonary ventilation (VE) and body temperature (Tb, dataloggers) were measured in air and followed by 7% CO2 in unanesthetized rats. There were no differences in body temperature between groups under normocapnia and hypercapnia. We observed an increased ventilation in normocapnia, at 5 to 15 minutes after microinjection of antalarmin (dose 0.1 μg / 0.1 μL) compared to the control, due to an increase in tidal volume. The hypercapnic response in antalarmine treated animals was higher compared to control groups. The dose of 0.05 μg / 0.1 μL caused an increase in ventilation 15 min after CO2 exposure and this response increased further with the dose of 0.1 μg / 0.1 μL at 30 minutes after hypercapnia, due to an increased tidal volume. Our results suggest that CRF1 receptors in the LC exert a tonic inhibitory role in the ventilation and the inhibitory modulation of the respiratory response to CO2.
Interpolação linear logaritmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-04)
Rossi, Rosângela de Lourdes
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Soares, Márcio de Jesus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3273672989988386
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0637572146705548
This dissertation project aims at the Teaching of Linear Interpolation logarithmic, with the target group students from High school and their teachers to facilitate the meeting of the logarithms of values without the use of board existing common logarithms or the calculating machines. The concepts, the properties of logarithms and interpolations inserted in activities based on the Didactic Engineering are the brand and the engine of development of this work. The materials handling, visualization of results and activities developed by high school students from public schools ensured the originality of the teaching relationship / learning of mathematics, especially in the Linear Interpolation logarithmic, circumscribing on purpose that objective.
Efeitos do treinamento de força e da reposição hormonal no mecanismo de ação de irisina de ratas ovariectomizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-04)
Magosso, Natalia Santanielo Silva
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2849423258149874
The reduction in estrogen concentration, a physiological situation of the female aging, in addition to changes such as increased risk of coronary heart disease, loss of muscle mass and loss of bone mass is also associated with changes in fat composition. Studies from our research laboratory show that ST produces benefits such as increasing the amount of lean body mass, glucose control and reduced lipid content in the liver and muscles. Irisin is known to be a potential therapeutic target in metabolic diseases, including obesity, and its molecular mechanisms are initiated through exercise. Objective: To investigate the effects of ST and HR in plasma levels of Irisin, gene and protein expression of factors involved in the action of Irisin in ovariectomized rats. Methods: 66 rats Holtzman were randomly divided into six groups: 1) Sham-Sed; 2) Sham-ST; 3) Ovx-Sed; 4) Ovx-ST; 5) Ovx-Sed-RH; 6) Ovx-ST-RH. The ST protocol required the animals to climb a 1.1 m-long vertical ladder with weights atteched to their tails. Each session consisted of 4 to 8 climbs with 2 minutes interval between climbing, performed once every three days for 12 weeks. Analyses of PGC1-α mRNA expression, and FNDC5 and UCP1 were performed by RT-PCR ΔΔCt method, protein expression analysis of FNDC5 and UCP1 were performed by the Western blotting technique, Irisin and 17β-estradiol levels were determined by ELISA. Results: Our results show that the Sham, Ovx and HR groups who underwent 12 weeks of ST had a higher expression of the Irisin action mechanism, with higher mRNA expression of PGC-1α in the gastrocnemius muscle, increased protein expression FNDC5, higher Irisin concentration in the plasma and increased protein expression of UCP1 in mesenteric fat. Conclusion: Ovariectomized rats had lower circulating concentration Irisina, which promotes browning of white adipose tissue, however, the ST for 12 weeks was an effective intervention strategy to contain higher circulating concentration of Irisin in intact and ovariectomized rats. And the TF associated with RH was an effective intervention strategy to contain higher circulating concentration of Irisin in ovariectomized.
Modulação autonômica cardíaca durante o exercício no peixe de respiração aérea bagre africano, Clarias gariepinus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-04)
Blasco, Felipe Rocco
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McKenzie, David John
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0281731956436645
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Rantin, Francisco Tadeu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3546242299713690
Teleost fishes were the first vertebrates to possess double autonomic innervation of the heart, where a balance between adrenergic and cholinergic actions determine heart rate (ƒH). Among teleosts, air breathing (AB) fishes are unsual because they exhibit marked changes in ƒH associated with each air-breathing event, which appear to be under autonomic control. In these species, aerobic exercise typically causes increases in air-breathing frequency (fAB), but effects of exercise on ƒH, and on the changes in ƒH with AB events, have never been studied. This was, therefore, studied in the african catfish, Clarias gariepinus, a facultative air breathing species. In particular, to investigate autonomic control of cardiac responses to exercise, and whether pharmacological abolition of ƒH control had an influence on fAB responses to exercise. Two groups of C.gariepinus were implanted with ECG electrodes under benzocaine anaesthesia, used to measure ƒH during exercise, routine between AB events, and ƒH Pre-AB and ƒH Post-AB. A peritoneal cannula was inserted to inject antagonist drugs, propranolol and atropine. In Group 1 (n = 9; 126 ± 6g EPM), animals were submitted to three sequential swimming tests at speeds of 15, 30 and 45 cm.s-1 : Control, Propranolol and Double Blockade. Group 2 (n = 9; 137 ± 8g EPM) were submitted to the same sequential swimming tests, however with a reversal in drug injections : Control, Atropine and Double Blockade. Additionally to ƒH, ƒAB and the % of adrenergic and cholinergic tones were calculated at each velocity for each test. A clear positive relation between swimming speed and ƒAB was observed. Autonomic blockade did not have major effects on these ƒAB responses. Interestingly, however, injection of propranolol alone, in group 1, caused ƒAB to be higher than control values at speeds of 30 and 45 cm.s-1, an effect that was still measured at 45 cm.s-1 after Double Blockade in that group. In group 1, the ƒH Routine of Control and Propranolol protocols showed an increase with swimming speed. However, after Double Blockade, or just atropine in Group 2, ƒH Routine was high and did not vary with swimming speed. This reveals a profound dominance of cholinergic tone on ƒH during exercise. Similarly, in group 1, the ƒH Pre- AB increased with swimming speed in Control and Propranolol tests. The ƒH Post AB was high and varied less as speed was increased in Control and Propranolol test of Group 1. Once again Double Blockade tests, or just Atropine in Group 2, abolished all changes in ƒH associated with air-breathing, at all swimming speeds, confirming a dominance of inhibitory cholinergic control of fH responses. Calculation of autonomic tones around AB events verified that adrenergic tone does not vary from Pre to Post moments, all changes in fH are due to modulation of tone action. Therefore, C.gariepinus relies on AB events to maintain aerobic metabolisn during sustained exercise. Modulation of inhibitory cholinergic tone accounts for all variations in ƒH Routine during exercise, and for all changes in ƒH during AB events. Abolition of this cholinergic control did not, however, have a major influence on AB responses to exercise.
Formação de professores para educação especial no Paraná : cursos de pedagogia, pós-graduações lato sensu e políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-08)
Harlos, Franco Ezequiel
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Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6286854494767617
The present research aimed to analyze the consonance between some of the courses (Pedagogy and lato sensu graduate programs) adopted in Paraná for the education of teachers aiming performance with students that fit Special Education’s target audience (SETA) and the current organizational and conceptual structure of Brazilian Special Education, in what concerns the teacher profile that is demanded by such structure. Therefore, documentary research was adopted, guided by actions subdivided into three phases, namely: I. analysis of 30 documents that delimitate the current organizational and conceptual structure of Brazilian Special Education, compiled from the Ministry of Education homepage; II. analysis of 35 political pedagogical projects collected from Higher Education Institutions (HEI) homepages regarding Pedagogy programs; III. analysis of data about the structuring of 63 lato sensu graduate programs in Special Education, identified in HEI homepages. In phase I, it was concluded that the current organizational and conceptual structure of Special Education creates a demand for polyvalent teachers, with broad technical and methodological knowledge for performance with all the segments of SETA students. In phase II, it was concluded that 95.3% of the analyzed lato sensu graduate programs are structured without a foreseen requirement of teacher internship in Special Education; that 74.6% of these present a multifocal model (which focuses all segments of SETA students); that these courses present an average of 397.2 hours of duration and 13.19 subjects; that 15.87% of these courses present programs composed of 50% or over 50% of subjects that do not discuss Special Education. In phase III, it was concluded that in 85.8% of the analyzed Pedagogy programs there is no foreseen requirement of performance with SETA in the curriculum’s mandatory internships; that in 95.4% of these courses, Special Education is mentioned exclusively in the subjects specifically directed to it; that these courses present an average of 2.68 subjects directly related to Special Education, an average of 83.6 hours of workload dedicated specifically to Special Education and 67.6 hours to the teaching of Libras (Brazilian Sign Language). The triangulation of the data incited the inference that the current organizational and conceptual structure of Brazilian Special Education has reconfigured the teacher profile demanded for performance with SETA students, expanding and making more complex the knowledge and functions that shall be associated with the teacher. Concomitantly, such structure has perpetuated and favored models of formation of teachers that overly restrict the time dedicated to professional practice and to the learning of indispensable methodologies and techniques. Thus, a transformation in Pedagogy and lato sensu graduate programs in Special Education is suggested, with official guidelines which determine a basic structuring for the courses that intend to professionally capacitate for performance in Special Education and that establish that in such courses foreseen curriculum internships with SETA shall be mandatory.
Análise fundiária e ambiental do portal terra da saudade no município de Matão – SP à luz da desconstrução espacial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-08)
Cardoso, Jesse Romero
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Castro, Carolina Maria Pozzi de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2178910002833930
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6823379068411215
The analysis of spatial transformations passing a priori by deconstructing something. Despite the negative prefix deconstruction is far from a bad thing, above all, it is needed. Deconstruction varies from minimum to maximum, it is up to man the responsibility to lead it minimally so that does not cause negative impacts on the natural environment, this, condition to meet the "needs" of future generations. Deconstruction happens by working in geographic space, where everything is produced is space. Undoubtedly, we are products of ourselves, just as we are products of space, this space where man is present. The need for space becomes paramount when it comes to housing. In the municipality of Matão -SP , the heart of our research , according to the Local Plan for affordable housing , there is a housing deficit of 1,700 homes. To try to remedy this deficit the Municipality deployed in the northern area of the city Portal Terra da Saudade. This set of social housing came to contemplate 761 families, with 658 units of the program Minha Casa, Minha Vida, and 103 units of FNHIS, the project was a big step in that it aims to meet housing demand for the low population income of up to two minimum salaries. This study analyzed the social viability, focusing on the issue of land tenure, urban planning and law regulating the area for the Portal and the impacts to the environment, especially the APP (Permanent Preservation Areas), in the light of the spatial deconstruction. We highlight the impacts to APP , the disappearance of a spring in the Portal , as well as an effluent dump untreated into two streams in the area studied . We detected some mistakes in the documents that made possible the acquisition of the area to implement the housing project .
Sob o signo da curatela : as relações entre família, justiça e medicina em torno dos processos de interdição por diagnósticos de doenças mentais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-08)
Barbosa, Luciana Cristina de Campos
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Cardoso, Marina Denise
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9673720768173749
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4601039676925981
This dissertation aims to analyse the current mechanisms of interdiction of people with “mental illness” diagnosis from the understanding of the relationships between family, justice and psychiatric medicine, built during the legal process. Usually triggered by the family, the interdiction process aims to restrict the civil living acts of a person diagnosed with “mental illness” that characterizes the person as “incapable” from the medical and juridical point of view. With the interdiction sentenced by the judge, a guardian is indicated to be responsible for the goods and the life management of the person that was interdicted, who from this moment on has all his actions considered null for undetermined period. Besides, the interdiction has been used to attest the incapacity of the person to work in cases when the guardian requires a governmental assistance named “Benefício de Prestação Continuada” at the National Institute of Social Security (INSS from the Portuguese abbreviation), on behalf of the interdicted person. The intention, from detailing ethnographic fragments, is to promote the debate on the different meanings of the individual behaviors between the institutions, as well as the relationships between the different knowledges and actions, sometimes conflicting, promoted by this process. The intention is also to embrace moral and ethical questions present in legal, medical, and social speeches about behaviors framed as “symptoms” and “diseases” on the psychiatric knowledge and, because of the medical expertise, disabling from the juridical point of view, as well as its effects in the life of interdicted individuals and their families.
Uma sinuosa trajetória: o PCB de “Agrarismo e Industrialismo” à “democracia como valor universal”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-08)
Sgarbi, Diógenes Pereira
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Lahuerta, Milton
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9326718732298388
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8351138387643354
This article debates the main theoretical presumptions which guided the actions of the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) along over six decades of existence. The objective of the research is to comprehend the historical conceptual elements which affected PCB‘s guidelines throughout the decades. "Agrarismo e Industrialismo", first analytical article written by Octávio Brandão in 1924, marks the beginning of such complex relation between theory and practice at PCB (Brazilian Communist Party), also working as starting point for this thesis. The essay "A Democracia Como Valor Universal", by Carlos Nelson Coutinho, 1979, became the finishing line, for having become an overview of the Marxism interpretative diversification which framed the left-wing‘s way of thought at the time. Therefore, "A Democracia Como Valor Universal" represented a more qualified attempt to justify a country that became compound and the need for the Brazilian Communist Party of dealing with the "democratic matter". Contradictorily, it was one of the symbols of the death of the historical PCB, when the 1980 organic crisis would lead to the foundation of PPS (Popular Socialist Party).
Complexos de rutênio(III) com bases de Schiff tridentadas e tetradentadas do tipo Salophen : potenciais catalisadores na oxidação de catecol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-09)
Katayama, Juliana Midori Toia
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Dockal, Edward Ralph
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461328124491559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9455477476400501
Ruthenium complexes are known as versatile electron-transfer and energy-transfer compounds. Due to these unique characteristics, ruthenium complexes exhibit a wide range of applications in various research areas such as artificial photosynthesis, photomolecular devices, biological probes, oxidation catalysts and organic synthesis. In the last two decades, salophen ligands and their complexes have received much attention, mainly because of their extensive applications in the fields of synthesis and catalysis. Thus, ruthenium(III) complexes with Schiff bases have several potential applications in the catalytic reactions such as cyclopropanation, epoxidation, aziridination, sulfimidation, catechols oxidation and Diels-Alder reactions. In this work were synthesized ligands and ruthenium complexes containing tridentate and tetradentate Schiff bases, which have substituted aromatic diimines, with satisfactory yields. The compounds synthesized in this work were characterized by melting point measurements, solubility tests, conductivity measurements, vibrational spectroscopy in the IR region, absorption spectra in the UV-vis, and cyclic voltammetry. The ligands were also characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. The synthesized complex catalyzed oxidation of the substrate, 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol, in their respective quinone; and these transformations were accompanied by absorption spectroscopy in the UV-vis region in 24 hours of reaction. The complexes’ structures have allowed structural and electronic effects to be evaluated and correlated with their catalytic activities. Although slow and low substrate conversion, less than 30%, trends were observed for correlations between structure and catalytic activity. The percentages of 3,5-di-tert-butilquinone obtained for the best catalysts among these complexes suggests that there is a step of forming a catalytically active species during the reaction time.
Estudo taxonômico e ecológico dos Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea) em área de mata atlântica em diferentes estágios sucessionais, no Parque Estadual da Serra Do Mar, São Luiz do Paraitinga, SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-09)
Melo, Ivy Frizo de
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Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7238047166431880
The Hymenoptera parasitoids have valuable ecological role as predators, pollinators, and parasitoids, being responsible for the natural control of populations of many phytophagous species. This paper aims to contribute to the increase in knowledge about taxonomy and geographical distribution of Ichneumonidae family in forest patches of tropical rainforest in different successional stages in Serra do Mar State Park, Santa Virgínia Center, São Luiz do Paraitinga, SP . The material was collected using Moericke traps in nine points, three in each area, degraded, secondary succession and preserved. The samples were collected every 30 days for 12 months. Data Loggers were used to obtain local abiotic variables information. Of the 19 identified subfamilies, Cryptinae, Ichneumoninae and Orthocentrinae were the most abundant and the only ones considered common, dominant and constant, while Ctenopelmatinae, Labeninae, and Lycorininae Ophioninae were considered rare. The preserved area had the highest abundance and lower richness. The highest richness, diversity and evenness were observed in degraded area, the lowest abundance and evenness in secondary succession area. The abundance's distribution of subfamilies showed a positive relationship between the dry and rainy seasons and the different successional stages. In degraded and secondary succession areas, there was no significance in the relationship between the variations of richness, abundance and diversity of Ichneumonidae’s subfamilies and abiotic variables. In preserved area, there was an indication of the relationship between measures of diversity and relative humidity. The Anomaloninae, Banchinae, Cremastinae, Ctenopelmatinae, Diplazontinae, Labeninae, Lycorininae, Mesochorinae, Metopiinae, Nesomesochorinae, Ophioninae, Pimplinae, Rhyssinae, Tersilochinae and Tryphoninae were identified in 72 species and morphospecies, divided into 32 genera, with 20 possible new species. Five genera and 22 species were reported for the first time to Brazil.
A prática do trabalho no desenvolvimento das competências laborais : estudo da atividade de trabalho do auxiliar operacional de fazenda experimental de Instituição de Ensino Superio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-09)
Luz, Maria de Lourdes Santiago
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2658676199882274
Driven by a social need, the managers of an experimental farm belonging to the Agricultural Science Center at an institution of higher education raised concerns about ongoing support and maintenance of the farm. During the investigation process, the difficulty of filling staff positions for agricultural operations assistants was among the managers’ concerns. The reorganization of the workforce at a public institution is subject to public tenders, protocols and resolutions established by state law, university statute and internal regulations. The qualifications or knowledge contained in the professional profile description (personal competencies for the function) for an agricultural operations assistant established by the institution allow for explicit descriptions which fail to capture the reality of the work. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to systematize the creation of work competencies for the position of an agricultural operations assistant from the perspective of ergonomic activity in order to improve the performance of the experimental farm. For the study of work and worker competencies unique to this context, an Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA) research protocol was used, a methodology appropriate for ergonomic activity interventions. The organization of work at the experimental farm allows for flexibility in maneuvers that favor the use and evolution of competencies depending on the sector and individual initiative. The management model that establishes discretionary power and knowledge gained by operations assistant, are unique aspects of the determinants of the labor organization studied. As an experimental farm, the research, independent of any area it advances, uses new technologies and with this, the operational competencies are understood as factors inherent in the work, in the form of actions of the operations assistant, based on the characteristic of the organization (experimental farm - agricultural unit for research and teaching).
Efeito da temperatura sobre a ventilação, metabolismo e preferência térmica em duas populações de lagarto da espécie Tropidurus torquatus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-09)
Porto, Lays de Souza
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8391367994012569
Several studies have demonstrated the environment's influence on the ecology and physiology of organisms and that environmental variations can promote behavioral and physiological adaptations of an individual, thus tracing its life's story. Ambient temperature, in particular, is a factor that has large influence on the physiological processes, which can cause changes in breathing patterns and metabolism in some species. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the ventilatory, metabolic and thermal preference responses of two populations of lizards of the Tropidurus torquatus specie, coming from different regions of Brazil: one collected in the Pampa biome and the other one collected in areas of sandbanks in the Mata Atlântica biome. To assess the ventilatory and metabolic responses of both populations, individuals were acclimated at different temperatures (20, 25 and 30°C) and exposed to three experimental temperatures (20, 25 and 30°C). The thermal preference was also obtained after a period of acclimatization of the animals to the above temperatures. Our data on the thermal preference showed no significant difference among the studied populations, which leads us to suggest that the preferred body temperature of these animals is a phylogenetically conserved trait. Regarding ventilation and metabolism data, our studies showed that both the population from the south of Brazil, as the population of the Northeast, showed the same metabolic rate, however, the population of the Pampas showed a greater ventilation, reflecting a hyperventilation of these lizards. Thus, we suggested that the lizards collected in South and Northeast may have different strategies to maintain the same metabolic rates. Finally, we found that the acclimation temperature did not affect the studied variables, except for tidal volume, which was significantly lower in animals acclimated to 20°C, and that oxygen consumption that was significantly less to the experimental temperature of 20ºC.
Reconhecimento de gestos aplicado as áreas da saúde : mudança de paradigma na interação humano computador por meio de estímulos motores e cognitivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-10)
Brandão, Alexandre Fonseca
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Trevelin, Luis Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5082419783043736
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2847941419821206
Taking into consideration the culture and the lifestyle as prevention and health promotion strategies the idea was to provide users with non-conventional means of interacting with the Virtual Reality (VR) environment, using motor gestures in a physically active an essentially playful way. The set of applications was developed to be controlled using a gesture recognition sensor (Kinect – Microsoft), which scans the user’s body using an infrared camera. A set of applications called GestureCollection, represented by GestureChair – it was developed from a free version of the Pacman game and gives to the user the possibility of controlling the game using his hands (up, down, left or right). It was initially directed to spinal cord injury, which causes paraplegia and compromises the function of lower limbs but not the upper limbs, but in principle, it can be applied to any condition that partially disables upper limbs. GesturePuzzle – it was implemented as a virtual puzzle game where the user mounts an image from separate parts. The interaction with the VR environment occurs through natural movement of picking up and dropping the pieces where the user freely explores the shoulder joint in all planes of motion. GestureChess – it was developed to control a chess game, in which the first movement is a click that creates the origin of a spatial coordinate system. From this point it is possible to associate hand movements to pointer coordinates thus controlling the game. This is an application indicated to users who require intense cognitive stimulation related, in this case, to the calculation of probabilities required by chess game itself. Simultaneously, it is useful for upper limb stimulation. GestureMaps – it was developed for the exploration of geographic maps in Google Streetview. This application is controlled by body gestures, namely lower limb lifting (to simulate walking) and trunk rotation to the right or left (according to the desired direction). It was proposed having in mind elderly people who have spatial disorientation. Finally, RehabGesture - This software allows the measurement of range of motion (in the coronal plane) 0° extension to 145º of flexion of the elbow joint and from 0° aduction to 180° of abduction of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint, leaving the standing position. The presented applications (GestureCollection) allow muscle recruitment at different speeds and ranges of motion, training of general motor coordination, and cognitive stimulation in situations of dual task performed in virtual environments, with gestural control.
Entrevistas e visitas: perspectivas do CadÚnico em São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-10)
Melo, Daniel Ramos da Silva
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0790660428266066
The single register is a program created in 2001 to the union databases of a serials of social programs with the target to support the formulation and implementation of public policies to the poor population and extreme poverty. In other hands a key features is being a program used by the federal government that has been municipalized management, which means dynamics, conflicts and changes local become part and affect way the single register has been operated locally. This work is the result of wilde field research conducted between from 2011 to 2013 at São Carlos - SP and presents some developments continuities and ruptures after a change in the political framework to city after the result of municipal election to 2012. I have followed the routine of interviewers, interviewed managers and people who has worked directly in the creation and implementation processes of the register locally and the Ministry of Social Development and Hunger Alleviation (MDS) in Brasilia. The idea of this essay is that the counter (or bays service) functions is like an update of the "great divider" widely discussed by Anthropology. To the interaction between beneficiaries and interviewers and analysis of Registration of Books can perceive a privileged way the ways in which (re) produce thougts about race, gender roles and the very definition of state sectors borders from the different possibilities of cutouts and is positioned on one side or the other of the counter
Desvulcanização termomecânica contínua de borracha natural da banda de rodagem de pneus automotivos por meio do processo de extrusão em rosca dupla
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-10)
Nunes, Anderson Thadeu
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Ambrósio, José Donato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9470914895315270
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3680315285879991
The Natural rubber is a renewable source material widely used in the manufacture of automotive tire tread. The vulcanization results in a high thermodynamic stability and wide working range materials. However, after the end of life serious environmental and public health problems can occur because of improper disposal or burning. Recycling (devulcanization) is an attractive alternative because it takes advantage of the invested energy potential and relieves the pressures for planting new areas. The devulcanization of natural rubber automotive tire tread was performed by means of double screw extrusion process and intermeshing co-rotating. The directionality and magnitude of shear stress achieved in the process are able to overcome the energy of chemical bonds that make up the cross- linking of vulcanized NR. The devulcanization configures the convertion of three-dimensional structure in two-dimensional for selective splitting of crosslinking preserving such bonds between carbons of the Natural Rubber macromolecular chain. Virgin Natural Rubber compounds and post-consumer load tire tread underwent vulcanization process after being cryogenically milled. The devulcanization was carried out by assessing the influence of the extrusion process parameters, the effect of the particle size range, the presence of thermoplastic material and the addition of antioxidant. After extrusion, it was evaluated the magnitude of the soluble fraction of the extrudates. Soluble were evaluated for thermal stability, thermal behavior and the chemical groups present. They were obtained soluble content exceeding 50%. The most significant were obtained for compound of NR extruded without thermoplastic material. Thermal and chemical analysis indicated the presence of natural rubber molecules. Composite rubber virgin Natural and Natural Rubber devulcanized were prepared and vulcanized. The mechanical properties of tensile strength and hardness of these composites were comparable to those of virgin material, showing that the co-rotation and interpenetrating twin screw extrusion process has great potential for devulcanization for Natural Rubber.
Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkaldy,1907) (HEMIPTERA : APHIDIDAE) : aspectos biológicos e respostas às ações de bioinseticidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-11)
Gambarra, Wanessa Porto Tito
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Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4534870573184434
Aphids are important pests in agriculture, mainly because they are vectors of phyto-pathogenic virus. One of the ways to control these insects, is the use of botanical insecticides. However in order to the control to be effective it is also necessary to know their biological characteristics. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the bioactivity of several plant extracts upon Toxoptera citricidus, presently considered one of the most important pests of citric plantations. For this purpose its life cycle has been studies and important metabolic processes as: consumption, production, respiration and excretion were quantified. Based on these data the species life table and energy budget were constructed. The bioactivity of 11 species of plants including a nanoformulation of the neen, Azadirachta indica, was evaluated through acute toxicity tests. T. citricidus was maintained on Citrus limonia under controlled constant conditions in the laboratory. Among these 5 had insecticide activity upon T. citricidus causing mortality to 80 % of the individuals tested or more. The lethal median concentration (CL50 48h) varied from 0.17 to 4.10 mg/mL for the nynphal phases and from 0.30 to 5.01 mg/mL to adults thus evidencing insecticide properties and presenting high to be used in the management of this pest. A magnetic nuclear ressonance of honeydew, the excretion product of this aphid, evidenced the presence of important aminoacids besides carbohydrates allowing an advance in the knowledge on aphid-ants and aphid- host plant. The total energy budget of of T. citricidus varied According to the aphid age. Mean daily energy consumption were 0.3717 cal for nymphs and 0.4761cal for adults. The energy fraction invested in production by T. citricidus was high, with a mean value around 60%, evidencing high efficiency of energy retention. It was concluded that considering its biological characteristics T. citricidus has a relevant role in the energy transference across the ecosystem.