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Uma análise comportamental da inteligência : possibilidades de intervenção e diálogos com a psicometria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-30) Rabelo, Laura Zamot; Roche, Bryan; Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8073723161368032
Psychometrics began with the investigation of individual differences in the 19th century. Initially, the differences were attributed to sensory acuity; however, soon they were replaced by the mental faculties. Since then, many theories, models and different types of assessment were proposed to enable a better understanding of what is called intelligence. Currently, the Cattell-Horn-Carroll intelligence model is the most widely used and includes the contributions from different theorists in the area. Behaviour Analysts did not consider intelligence an object of study because they regarded it as a mentalistic entity. Additionally, behaviour analysts criticised many crucial elements of Psychometrics such as the use of tests to assess intelligence and statistical criteria to establish behavioural criteria. However, when Stimulus Equivalence Theory and Relational Frame Theory emerged, it became possible to interpret and study language, complex behaviour and cognitive processes as stimulus relations. As correlations between relational tasks performances and the IQ were provided by different tests, Cassidy, Roche e Hayes (2011) investigated whether a relational training could enhance intellectual functioning. These authors found significant improvements in IQ in 12 year-olds following a relational training involving sameness, opposition and comparison relations. The present study replicated Cassidy et al. (2011) with 11 participants ranging from 6 to 9 years, adapting the procedure accordingly to their needs. Only one child was able to finish the training, almost one and a half years after started training. Most children improved their IQ scores; nevertheless, improvements shown by the participants from the experimental condition were equivalent to the ones presented by children from the control condition. The procedure was too complex for younger participants. Future studies should assess and train prerequisite repertoires for relational training, as well as promote alterations in the training structure. Correlation analyses between relational task performance and the intelligence assessment scores were run and results corroborated the literature. The number of sessions and stimulus sets of the contextual cue training were correlated with verbal measures from WISC-III, showing a relationship between relational repertoires and language. A preliminary behavioural interpretation of intellectual abilities described in the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model was proposed, which should be seen as first steps toward planning new relational training protocols which might contain critical features to improve cognitive functioning. Despite their relevance, terminological, theoretical and philosophical differences between Psychometrics and Behaviour Analysis were not in the centre of our analysis. The main objective was to promote a dialogue between both areas. The interchange between them may help in the planning of effective interventions, which is the ultimate goal for both of them.
Multivariate Copula-based SUR Tobit Models : a modified inference function for margins and interval estimation
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-30) Silva, Paulo Henrique Ferreira da; Louzada Neto, Francisco; ; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8538524597034643
In this thesis, we extend the analysis of multivariate Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) Tobit models by modeling their nonlinear dependence structures through copulas. The capability in coupling together the diferent - and possibly non-normal - marginal distributions allows the exible modeling for the SUR Tobit models. In addition, the ability to capture the tail dependence of the SUR Tobit models where some data are censored (e.g., in econometric analysis, clinical essays, wide range of political and social phenomena, among others, data are commonly left-censored at zero point, or right-censored at a point d > 0) is another useful feature of copulas. Our study proposes a modified version of the (classical) Inference Function for Margins (IFM) method by Joe & Xu (1996), which we refer to as MIFM method, to obtain the (point) estimates of the marginal and copula association parameters. More specifically, we use a (frequentist) data augmentation technique at the second stage of the IFM method (the first stage of the MIFM method is equivalent to the first stage of the IFM method) to generate the censored observations and then estimate the copula parameter. This procedure (data augmentation and copula parameter estimation) is repeated until convergence. Such modification at the second stage of the usual method is justified in order to obtain continuous marginal distributions, which ensures the uniqueness of the resulting copula, as stated by Sklar (1959)'s theorem; and also to provide an unbiased estimate of the copula association parameter (the IFM method provides a biased estimate of the copula parameter in the presence of censored observations in the margins). Since the usual asymptotic approach, that is the computation of the asymptotic covariance matrix of the parameter estimates, is troublesome in this case, we also propose the use of resampling procedures (bootstrap methods, like standard normal and percentile by Efron & Tibshirani (1993), and basic bootstrap by Davison & Hinkley (1997)) to obtain con_dence intervals for the copula-based SUR Tobit model parameters.
Caracterização e desenvolvimento de indicadores de sustentabilidade para os sistemas de produção de cana-de-açúcar na região Centro-Sul do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-30) Zorzo, Catiana Regina Brumatti; Trevelin, Luis Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5082419783043736; Jesus, Katia Regina Evaristo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4652129296557267; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2447176138980567
Brazil is the largest producer of sugarcane in the world, and the most productive region of the country in the Center-South. The planted area is approximately 9 million hectares and growing demand for ethanol in recent years, mainly for export, contributed to new expansion areas. In order to increase productivity in those areas, new technologies have been incorporated into the stages of planning, planting and harvesting. In contrast, importing countries have established social and environmental sustainability criteria aimed at ensuring that fuel produced in handheld operating conditions of work and harmful to the environment were introduced in their markets. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the most representative of sugarcane production systems of Center- South region of the country, while the specific objectives were to identify the agronomic, environmental and social characteristics of this system, formulate indicators from literature and validate with experts so that they could assist and direct the establishment of sustainability in the production of the raw material of ethanol. The methodology consists in: 1. Survey of relevant information to different sugarcane production systems in Center-South; 2. Validation of the information with the help of academic experts; 3. Formulation the indicators from the literature and; 4. Validate of the indicators with the help of academics and industry experts. The results were to characterize systems low, medium, high and very high adhesion to technology and have been validated 53 indicators that can assist in judging the sustainability of sugarcane production systems in major producer Brazil.
Sentidos e significados da alfabetização e letramento de adultos com deficiência intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-30) Alencar, Gizeli Aparecida Ribeiro de; Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4558923397029198
Política externa, partidos políticos e relações executivo/legislativo nas democracias presidencialistas do Brasil e do Chile
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-30) Pasquarelli, Bruno Vicente Lippe; Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0598322092154820
This study analyzed the decision-making process in foreign policy from the presidential messages sent by the Executive Branch to the National Congress, examining comparatively the center-left governments of the Workers Party (2003-2010) in Brazil, and the Socialist Party (2000-2009) in Chile, investigating how the decision-making process of international acts may be the object of legislative and partisan action and, most important, that is subject to conflict/consensus between government and opposition from the ideological structure of coalitions that affects the negotiation of the agreement at the international level and especially in domestic context. Therefore, the ideological factor present in coalitions is a variable that affects the decision-making process in foreign policy. The higher the ideological heterogeneity and the size of the coalition, the greater the partisan conflict in foreign policy. On the other hand, the greater the ideological homogeneity and the smaller the size of the coalition, the lower the partisan conflict in international acts. In Chile, the role of the Socialist Party in foreign policy, based on the continuity of international integration paradigms, occurred in an environment marked by moderation and by partisan commitment and building consensus around government objectives, namely, trade agreements and free trade agreements, emphasizing the partnership with Latin America. The party activity in this way was guided by consensus, with few changes in trade agreements and FTA's, seeking to speed up the decision-making process of international acts. In Brazil, in turn, the Workers Parties undertook to form broad and heterogeneous coalitions and not as stable as the Chilean ones, considering various partisan and ideological preferences and increasing therefore the conflicted component of the decision-making process showing the largest internal ideological fight, in the coalition, and external, in relation to the opposition parties. In short, due to the importance of the domestic component in international agreements, the findings of this study are important to articulate an explanation of the reasons why countries administered by center-left political parties to act differently/similarly in foreign policy, considering previous governments and even the countries themselves in similar periods, because there were important differences between the two styles of government, considering the overall and partisan objectives in foreign policy of each one, as well as the composition and ideological preferences of the government coalition government.
Craqueamento de hidrocarbonetos naftênicos sobre zeólitas HZSM-12 modificadas – rendimento e seletividade a olefinas leves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-30) Silva Júnior, José Roberto da; Gonzalez, Ernesto Antonio Urquieta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2389975677904655; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9155018463349682
It was studied the catalytic performance of ZSM-12 zeolites modified by desilication in the cracking of naphthenic hydrocarbons. ZSM-12 zeolites with nominal a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio were synthesized during 96 or 144 h under hydrothermal conditions and the obtained zeolites were treated with NaOH solutions under different conditions. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 physisorption, temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and infrared spectroscopy (Py-FTIR). The treatment with NaOH solutions under mild conditions was more effective for the ZSM-12 zeolite synthesized during 96 h. For the HZ12-96-0,2 sample, obtained by treatment at 35 °C with 0.2 mol.L-1 NaOH solution during 15 min, it was verified an increase in the external surface area and the formation of mesopores in the range of 2 to 14 nm. On that zeolite occurred a higher yields to light olefins during the cracking of cyclohexane at 400 °C and also in the cracking of methyl and ethylcyclohexane at 450 °C. This result was mainly related to the higher density of acid sites exhibited by the HZ12-96-0,2 zeolite compared with the parent ZSM-12 one, as consequence of the applied alkaline treatment. It was also verified that the ZSM-12 zeolites modified by more severe alkaline treatment (0.5 or 1.0 mol.L-1 NaOH solution at 80 °C for 30 min) presented significant increase of the external surface area and mesopores volume. The catalytic cracking of cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane and ethylcyclohexane at 500 °C, as well as the physicochemical characteristics of the MZ12-96-0,5 zeolite enhanced the formation of light olefins. The highest yield to light olefins was obtained on that zeolite during the cracking of ethylcyclohexane, which increased 9% when compared with the yield obtained on the not modified HZSM-12 zeolite. The selectivity to light olefins on the studied HZSM-12 zeolites was strongly influenced by presence of a side chain in the naphthenic ring (methyl or ethyl), as well as by the employed cracking operating conditions.
Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida : a gestão local na implantação das “habitações de interesse social”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-30) Salvadeo, André Ricardo Arão; Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0321751809234607
After a brief presentation about landmarks of housing in Brazil, this paper discusses the problems involving the design and implantation of PMCMV since the beginning of its implementation in 2009. At that time, in face of global crisis which was ranging, it was decided to launch the program before its complete enhancement, which may explain, in part, some of its shortcomings, particularly those which relate to aspects of their local management, in the context of municipalities. From a general presentation on the local management process operation (or implementation) of PMCMV, the focus is on the Gross Income I of the Program. From this, a question is raised: how were local actors organized and how did they put into practice the implementation of what had been designed at the Federal level? Aiming to answer this question, a case-study methodology was used, adopting as data collection exploratory interviews. The enterprises located in Bauru, in the Midwest of the state of Sao Paulo, were defined as samples of this study, limiting the interviews of representatives of the Executive and Legislative Power and employees connected to one of the Financial Authorities responsible for financing the PMCMV.