Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2015-10-16"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5

Sensibilidade do barorreflexo e respostas cardiorrespiratórias após a ativação e desativação do barorreflexo em ratos depletados de sódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16) Borsari, Karine Cristina; Paula, Patrícia Maria de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0201361251312074; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7923637090549549
Cardiorespiratory responses to peripheral baroreceptor activation are affected by sodium balance or anesthesia. In the present study, we investigated the baroreflex sensitivity and cardiorespiratory responses: to baroreceptor activation and deactivation with intravenous (iv) infusions of phenylephrine (phenyl) and sodium nitroprusside (NP) with or without angiotensinergic type 1 receptor (AT1) blocking; to baroreceptor activation with iv infusions of angiotensin II (ANG II), and cardiorespiratory responses: to cardiopulmonary receptor activation with iv infusions of fenilbiguanide: to chemoreceptor activation with iv infusions of sodium nitroprusside (KCN) in normovolemic, sodium depleted, and sodium repleted unanesthetized rats. Male Holtzman rats (280-320 g, n = 8 - 19) with a polyethylene tubing inserted into abdominal aorta through femoral artery to record mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) and femoral vein to perform iv administration drugs were used. Respiratory frequency (fR), tidal volume (VT) and ventilation (VE) were recorded by whole-body plethysmography. Sodium depletion did not modify baseline MAP (102 ± 2, vs. normovolemic: 107 ± 2 mmHg), HR (382 ± 9, vs. normovolemic: 385 ± 7 bpm) or VE (468 ± 27, vs. normovolemic: 447 ± 26 ml/min/kg). Iv infusion of phenyl (5 μg/kg/ml, 0.011ml/s) in normovolemic, sodium depleted and repleted rats produced similar pressor (Δ +58  2, +59  2 and +60  3 mmHg, respectively) and bradycardic (Δ -97  10, -120  11 and -110  9 bpm, respectively) responses, however, sodium depleted rats showed an increased in VE (Δ +152  40, vs. normovolemic: +53 ± 26 ml/min/kg, p<0.05). After sodium repletion the VE returned to approximate value of normovolemic rats (Δ +125  50 ml/min/kg). In the other group of animal was made AT1 receptor blocking with iv bolus injections of losartan and was observed an attenuation of VE that was increased in sodium depleted rats (Δ +77 ± 33 ml/min/kg). 9 The bradicardic component gain also was increased in depleted rats (-1.9 ± 0.1, vs. normovolemic: -1.3 ± 0.1 bpm/mmHg, p<0.05) and returned to baselines values in sodium repleted rats (-1.5 ± 0.1 bpm/mmHg). Iv Infusion of NP (30 μg/kg/ml, 0.011ml/s) in normovolemic, sodium depleted and repleted rats produced similar hypotensive, tachycardic responses, similar VE and the tachycardic component gain. The iv infusion of fenilbiguanide (50 μg/kg/ml) induced similar hypotensive and bradicardic responses in normovolemic and sodium depleted rats, however increased VE in sodium depleted rats (Δ +281 ± 34, vs. normovolemic: +150 ± 50 ml/min/kg, p <0.05). Iv infusion of potassium cyanide (KCN, 40 μg/0.1ml per rat) did not change cardiorespiratory responses. Thus, the results suggest that sodium depletion with furosemide plus sodium-deficient diet increased bradicardic component of baroreflex and the neurondocrine changes produced by sodium depletion (like increased angiotensin II) may facilitate respiratory responses to baroreceptor activation with phenyl iv.
Análise de dados sequenciais heterogêneos baseada em árvore de decisão e modelos de Markov : aplicação na logística de transporte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16) Ataky, Steve Tsham Mpinda; Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1031971059949770
Latterly, the development of data mining techniques has emerged in many applications’ fields with aim at analyzing large volumes of data which may be simple and / or complex. The logistics of transport, the railway setor in particular, is a sector with such a characteristic in that the data available in are of varied natures (classic variables such as top speed or type of train, symbolic variables such as the set of routes traveled by train, degree of tack, etc.). As part of this dissertation, one addresses the problem of classification and prediction of heterogeneous data; it is proposed to study through two main approaches. First, an automatic classification approach was implemented based on classification tree technique, which also allows new data to be efficiently integrated into partitions initialized beforehand. The second contribution of this work concerns the analysis of sequence data. It has been proposed to combine the above classification method with Markov models for obtaining a time series (temporal sequences) partition in homogeneous and significant groups based on probabilities. The resulting model offers good interpretation of classes built and allows us to estimate the evolution of the sequences of a particular vehicle. Both approaches were then applied onto real data from the a Brazilian railway information system company in the spirit of supporting the strategic management of planning and coherent prediction. This work is to initially provide a thinner type of planning to solve the problems associated with the existing classification in homogeneous circulations groups. Second, it sought to define a typology of train paths (sucession traffic of the same train) in order to provide or predict the next movement of statistical characteristics of a train carrying the same route. The general methodology provides a supportive environment for decision-making to monitor and control the planning organization. Thereby, a formula with two variants was proposed to calculate the adhesion degree between the track effectively carried out or being carried out with the planned one.
Alfabetização e divulgação científica de química por meio da produção de histórias em quadrinhos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16) Iwata, Adriana Yumi; Lupetti, Karina Omuro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/085799271654988
The research project, of qualitative character presented and analyzed a scientific literacy activity process carried of 2 groups: the first group of undergraduate students and the second group of high school students. The scientific lieracy promotion is necessary considering the public indifference about science, once a lot of people have problems to understand and relate it to their daily lives. In this process, the scientific literate is capable to understand not only the science itself but also to perceive it their day by day, contributing in the future as conscius citizens. The comics were chosen as the main topic of the project due to singular attributes, using both the image and text to transmit an information or message, and constitute an interesting tool to promote the creative process of an individual or a group. The japanese comics, called manga, were chosen to support drawing activities and workshops with the students. Aiming for promoting the students scientific literacy and diffusing the practice of science communication by comics in manga style, were proposed several activities such as Chemistry workshop, technical visits to research departments, drawing and comics activities. At the end of the project, the students elaborated and presented comics about science communication, including chemistry. The research project promoted the scientific literacy of the students and also contributed to the dissemination of chemistry by production of scientific comics.
Neurotransmissão orexinérgica no Locus coeruleus : participação na resposta ventilatória à hipercapnia na vigília e sono nas fases clara e escura em ratos não anestesiados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16) Vicente, Mariane Cristine; Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0376859315989162
The orexins are hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in an array of functions such as regulation of sleep/wake states and chemoreception to CO2/pH. The Locus coeruleus (LC) is a chemosensitive site and expresses an extensive population of orexin receptor 1 (OX1R). Here we tested the hypothesis that OX1Rs located in the LC participate in the ventilatory response to hypercapnia in a vigilance state and diurnal cycle-dependent manner. To this end, we performed unilateral injections of SB-334867 (OX1R antagonist, 5 mM) into the LC of male Wistar rats and evaluated the ventilatory response to 7% CO2 during wakefulness and sleep in the dark and light phase of the diurnal cycle. Hypercapnia induced an increase in ventilation in all groups compared to normocapnic values. However, the injection of (SB-334867) promoted an attenuation of the hypercapnic chemorreflex during wakefulness, due to changes in VT. In addition, microinjection of SB-334867 decreases the wakefulness time during dark phase. We suggest that projections of orexin-containing neurons to the LC contribute, via OX1Rs, to the hypercapnic chemoreflex during wakefulness in the dark phase.
Avaliação do uso do pensamento estatístico e técnicas estatísticas em empresas de bens de capital seriados do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16) Carvalho, Nelio Garbellini de; Toledo, José Carlos de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2294030160420340
With more advanced marketing relations, various changes are taking place in regard to competitive factor markets, among which, the importance of quality processes and goods supplied to the society, stand out. Therefore, diverse programs and methods have been developed to monitor indicators of production processes and the characteristics of roduct quality, many of which are supported by statistical concepts. This process encourages understanding and the use of Statistical Thinking (ST), Statistical Engineering (SE), and Statistical Techniques (STe) in businesses, highlighting their importance to quality management and the efficiency of organizational processes. This thesis’s aim was to analyze the use of ST and STe in a sample of industries in the sector of serial capital goods located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. For that, an exploratory-descriptive survey was conducted with 42 medium and large companies from different segments of the sector. Data were statistically analyzed using descriptive and multivariate methods (cluster analysis, association and correlation). These analyses revealed there is considerable space to diffuse Statistical Thinking and Statistical Techniques in these companies, as well as revealed a lack of training in statistical principles and techniques, the main obstacles to the systematic application of these techniques, and the lack of support on the part of top management. There is evidence that the successful implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) and Total Productive Maintenance in the industries of sector significantly influences the diffusion of ST and the application of STe; while the use of Six Sigma program especially impacts the application of more complex STe; and ST has the potential to promote the application of STe.