Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2016-02-28"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 15402

Continuidades e descontinuidades em representações do leitor infantil: uma análise de projeções discursivas do leitor da Folhinha de 1963 aos dias atuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-28)
Baldin, Ana Luiza Menezes
;
Ferreira, Luzmara Curcino
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7988608746475212
Summary: In this paper, we analyze some writing practices adopted by Folhinha supplement linked to the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo since its launch, on September 8th, 1963, to the present day, seeking to raise certain representations of their children's readers, entered and manifested in the published texts (analyzing its themes, its formal composition on the page, its articulation with images, their lexical and syntactic selection etc. ). For this survey and analysis of discursive representations of the reader, we mobilize the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the French guidance Discourse Analysis, as well as some principles developed by the Cultural History of Reading. Considering that the publication has children as target audience and the fact that has been published since its creation regularly with weekly publication, the corpus selection was the choice of examples concerning the theme "Children's day", so that we could select the publications that made direct reference or indirectly to that date, celebrated in Brazil on October 12th and present throughout all these years supplement the publication. In our analysis of the corpus, we seek to trace the continuities and discontinuities adopted as the writing techniques and on the selection and approach to issues, in order to identify any traces about the profile of this Bantam player. Among the writing strategies that are analyzed forms of subjective projection and simulation of dialogue with readers and thematic orientation of some specimens with a view to building a patriotic reader, the nation's symbol of the future, and consumers.
Estive lá fora : diálogos regionalistas na ficção de Ronaldo Correia de Brito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-28)
Oliveira, Rosângela da Silva
;
Pellegrini, Tânia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0280434883580627
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8634531028285645
Por medio de este trabajo, discutimos la presencia del regionalismo literario en la contemporaneidad, más específicamente en la novela Estive lá fora (2012), del escritor Ronaldo Correia de Brito. El objetivo de este trabajo fue intentar responder a dos cuestiones que orientaran la pesquisa desde el inicio: saber si la ficción de Ronaldo Correia de Brito podría ser, de hecho, considerada com perteneciente a la tendencia regionalista de nuestra literatura y como ese regionalismo se configuraba en la producción del escritor contemporáneo. Para eso, hicimos un breve retorno al recorrido histórico-literario brasileño, desde el momento en que el regionalismo surgió en nuestra literatura a mediados del siglo XIX, a fin de verificar cuáles elementos presentes en la ficción del autor cearense se relacionaban al universo de esa tradición, además de analizar lo que había de innovador en su regionalismo. En ese sentido, la revisión bibliográfica fue fundamental para el análisis de la novela, que enfocó, sobretodo, en los espacios narrativos, ya que en medio a ellos es posible observar no apenas rastros de la tradición regionalista, pero también particularidades del nuestro tiempo y analizar los diferentes discursos que parten de la crítica literaria brasileña con relación al uso del concepto “literatura regionalista”, ya que su empleo, en los días actuales, aún es bastante discutido. De esa manera, fue posible reflexionar sobre la problemática del regionalismo en la obra Estive lá fora, bien como el uso del término “regionalismo revisitado” para designar la ficción del autor en pauta.
Um olhar político para as personagens leitoras de Razão e Sensibilidade (1811) e Orgulho e Preconceito (1813) de Jane Austen
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-28)
Caporale, Camila Cano
;
Ferreira, Carla Alexandra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6099331622162088
Jane Austen is one of the authors who owns a great prestige in the literary scenario, most notably for putting into the light aspects of the English society in which she was linked. Among many subjects described by the scholars, there is one that will be in this dissertation called into question, namely, the representative role of reading for fictional readers in two works written by her, Firstly the novel Sense and Sensibility (1811) whose selected aspect, is triggered by the disastrous reading that the heroin, Marianne Dashwood does; and, on the other hand we will point out a differentiated reading posture, in this case, in Pride and Prejudice (1813), whose tracking seems to indicate an ideal model of character as a reader, with the figure of the protagonist, Elizabeth Bennet. In both texts, we will intend to develop a literary analysis, which considers the political and social aspects, subordinating our work, to Jameson’s levels of interpretation.
Adolescentes usuários de drogas em CAPSad e seus familiares : trajetórias, cotidianos e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Galhardi, Carina Curti
;
Matsukura, Thelma Simões
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2407150425469401
The mental health care for children and adolescents, was marked throughout history by oblivion and neglect in relation to the creation of public policies and services that encompass their needs and rights. Only after a long road still under construction and was included the children's and adolescents’ population on the agenda of public policies, the propositions and mental health discussions. However, there is much to advance and among the main challenges is the attention to adolescents in general and in particular for adolescents who abuse drugs. This study aims to understand, from the perspective of adolescents inserted in a CAPSad on the experience of this same equipment and the other insertion contexts in which transit and their expectations for the daily life and the future. The study search identify, from the perspective of families of adolescents to experience drug use by adolescents and their expectations for the CAPSad. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Study participants were 8 adolescents and 15 families of adolescents inserted in a CAPSad located in a municipality in the state of São Paulo. It was used as methodology participant observation in which the researcher stayed and participated in the activities of the service for five months, where forms of identification, daily records of field and semi-structured interviews with adolescents and their families were hired. The material obtained across the interviews, conducted the analysis through the Collective Subject Discourse Technique (DSC) and the information from the service identification forms and adolescents and the field diary, analyzed and categorized. Among the results, it was found that drug use is present in the daily lives of adolescents and added to it there was other vulnerable situations such as prolonged hospitalization in clinics for addiction and no insertion in the school environment, which contribute to exclusion of this population, reducing the engagement possibilities and activities in other contexts. It was found that the adherence of adolescents service is low, the supply of care actions aimed at them is fragile and limited by issues of different orders as unwillingness and / or interest in addressing the teenage population, different views on the harm reduction strategy, difficulties in performing activities in partnership with other services of the municipal network, lack of action in the territory and opportunities for discussion and training. It was found that the participation of adolescents and family as co-responsible for their care actions is still absent in the service and understood as a challenge. However, it was revealed that both teenagers as family, although point limits, understand the care offered by CAPSad as a support and alternative space to meet the challenges of daily life. This study advances to reveal, from the perspective of adolescents themselves and their families, the challenges relating to the care of this population in CAPSad and, in addition to this equipment, to address the daily life of these adolescents and their families and reveal about the limits and possibilities of social participation. It is hoped that this study fosters discussions and contribute to the realization and development of public policies for this population.
Discutindo acidez, basicidade e neutralização : projeto Horta em uma abordagem construtivista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Oliveira, Alex de
;
Marques, Rosebelly Nunes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7921735904003583
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2507865785910409
Usually in classes, there are situations where students find it difficult to understand contents as well as relate them to different contexts in other disciplines and their applications. This occurs when it is assumed that everyone has a full understanding of the subject, and also the belief that everyone learns the same way and at the same pace, ignoring the knowledge that learners carry with them. Teaching involves respecting the construction of knowledge of the scholarly, social, and family trajectory. In this sense, discussing ideas with students may provide an environment of real learning, which is both challenging and motivating. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to study chemical contents, starting with the group's environment, and by this, establishing contact with the prior knowledge, from which the conductive element was the Garden project. Qualitative research was used, seeking to explore the student's prior knowledge about the theme and chemistry issues involving the soil. The work was developed with two daytime high school classes, at the E. E. Dr. Paulo de Almeida Nogueira High School, in Cosmópolis/SP with students between 15 to 18 years old, conducted in fifteen meetings, with pre and post activity surveys, researches, social meetings and field trips. With the learning environment established, giving the proper importance of the assessment of prior knowledge and subsequent research, it was found participation in learning the chemical contents, developed with the school's garden project.
O Instituto Universitário de Educação de Cabo Verde e os desafios da universitarização para a formação de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Gomes, Janice Raquel Sança
;
Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4356194007633256
The Cape Verdean education since independence has undergone several changes in order to increase access to education and provide teachers with specific training. Reforms and educational policies in Cape Verde in turn have demanded increasingly higher teacher qualifications and highlighted their role in improving the quality of education. In this sense, in 2010, the Decree Legislative n.2 / 2010, increased teacher training for basic education in superior level. Therefore, the research sought to understand the implications of universitarization process in the formation of Cape Verdean teachers of basic education (mostly with a single mid-level training), after attending an undergraduate complement course at University Institute Education. As a research methodology was adopted a qualitative approach of the analytical-descriptive and interpretative-critical, based on the analysis of semi-structured interviews with the studentes and the coordinators. Their research shows the emphasis of technical rationality; in teacher training; the discontinuity of educational policies regarding the training of teachers and consequently in education; the notion of competence in the training of teachers related the demands of the labor market and a flexible professional. On the other hand, we found that teacher training is a continuous process, composed of various elements in addition to formal courses; It is not as easy demarcation of functions of initial and continuing education, and the course played a dual purpose as an initial training course, with continued training function. In addition, the University Institute of Education, although it does not represent the full motion universitarization, presents elements that show that this phenomenon is in full development.
A Psicologia vai à escola : trabalho colaborativo com uma professora de educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Caneguim, Janaina de Fatima Castro
;
Prado, Paulo Sergio Teixeira do
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5560576962648816
;
Carmo, João dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
The teacher and its work have been the target of researchers and interventions, however, in some cases; this professional develops a little active role. Work proposals which discuss scholar questions along with teachers appear in a collaborative format, in which this professional would take an active role in the knowledge construction and there would be knowledge exchange among those involved. The Behavior Analysis provides conditions to the discussions about the process of teaching and learning including the description of principles and procedures which contributed for effective teaching, and, also, for descriptive function evaluation which can be understood as an educational resource that has been teaching the teachers, and, in which, an individual establishes functions relations between events from behavior identification to be analyzed and antecedent conditions and subsequent to this behavior. From a collaborative work format, the aims of this research were to describe teaching situations carried out by kindergarten teacher for teaching pre-arithmetic skills and also enable to the participant to describe functional relationships between what she wanted to teach, their teaching practices, and performance of their students as a result of its practices. In addition, to describe the present collaborative work, as well as, to create conditions for the teacher to describe principles and procedures for Behavior Analysis, which could contribute to effective teaching, were also aims of this study. The present work has conducted at the school where the teacher works. It was realized interviews to research teaching practices (in the context of teaching pre-arithmetic skills) for teaching pre-arithmetic skills; a discussion between researcher and participant on tasks present in an educational program of pre-arithmetical skills and teacher interaction with the mentioned program; recording and classroom observations; discussions for planning and analysis classes. It was described seven situations of teaching which will be used for the teaching pre-arithmetic skills from the data. However, only two teaching situations were also planned, executed and analyzed, which were related to the ordering skills of ensemble and notion of the pertinence of the objects to sets. The descriptive functional assessment seems to be a tool with potential to collaborative works with teachers. However, the procedure used did not allow that the participant functionally relates all the aspects discussed in the planning of the analyzed classes. The teacher showed indicative behaviors that appropriated elements brought by the researcher, in the other words, viii the participant used in some moments of the planning, execution and analysis of class principles and procedures described by Behavior Analysis focused on teaching (for example, she said that should have done the evaluation of the previous repertoire of students to realize a teaching situation). In addition, in these situations, the participant established some punctual dependence relations between theirs aims, teaching practices and performance measures for students on these practices. Because it was a collaborative work, the exchange knowledge between researcher and participant was something desired, and about this, the participant contributed describing practices for the pre-arithmetical skills teaching, as well as thinking of teaching opportunities for those who were not part of their routine. Participant speeches indicated that some elements of the collaborative work were not present throughout the interaction, such as the co-responsibility for the work. Changes in the present procedure were suggested to amend this characteristic of the interaction.
Economia solidária e educação: possibilidades, limites e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Pires, Cláudia Priscila
;
Leite, Kelen Christina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0993995005511082
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3187128060523013
This work has as objective the analysis of the theoretical debates about the possibility the Solidarity Economy been an alternative proposal to capitalism or only an alternative proposal inside the capitalist way of production. We have done this work through theoretical research in a qualitative methodology and the bibliographic review was conduct around the follow main themes: Taylorism/Fordism, mode of regulation Fordism/Keysianism, the exhaustion of Fordism/Keysianism, Toyotism, Neoliberalism, Fordism in Brazil, the cooperative organization in the 19th century, the cooperative organization in Brazil, the reappearance of the Solidarity Economy, the Solidarity Economy in Brazil, the Solidarity Economy theorists: defenders and critics of Solidarity Economy and Education/Culture. In this project, understanding the project on Solidarity Economy will be placed in the context of crisis and restructuring of capitalism and neoliberal policies, which are inadequate to demonstrate resolution of certain socioeconomic issues. This process, from the 1990s, in Brazil and abroad, and which consequences are now promoting the (re)emergence of a phenomenon that has been called the Solidarity Economy as an alternative form of organization of the production process and social organization of production, opening the doors to practices which in logic intend to be different to the Capital. From the 2000s, particularly in Brazil, the solidarity economy also affects the field of public policy. In this regard, a discussion in the theoretical field of Solidarity Economy and Cooperatives and Solidarity Economy and Capitalist System in order to increase understanding and implementation of strategies focusing on a delimitation of its boundaries, possibilities and the challenges of solidarity economy inside capitalism. It was also done an approach about the intrinsic relationship between Solidarity Economy and Education / Culture, since is needed a solidarity and cooperative education within the Solidarity Economy.
Atividades de Matemática Financeira por meio de aprendizagem coletiva nos anos finais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Oliveira, Juliana Bauer de
;
Baldin, Yuriko Yamamoto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8785562528979416
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1117746158914498
We present in this research a proposal about our practice within the classes of Financial Education Experiences, as part of the pedagogical project for a full - time education of the SESI - SP network, with a researcher’s view of the activities proposed to the students. The proposal of Integral Education in Full Time means a break in the vision of the fragmented curriculum, producing curricular guidelines that aim at the integration of the components of a basic curriculum with a diversified part. The subjects that fulfill this role were called, by the SESI-SP network, Experiences, aiming at the incorporation of new professional profiles, new knowledge, with a transdisciplinary view. As part of the curriculum of Integral Time classes of eighth and ninth grade, we taught two weekly classes of Financial Education Experiences. This survey involved one hundred and seventy-six students in classes that occurred in the morning and afternoon. In order to propose a differentiated practice, we use financial mathematics activities through collective learning at the Elementary level, taking into account the context of the young people, their dealings with money, their relation to consumption, their influence on future achievements, and also the importance of personal and family planning. The activities were planned based on the study of fractional and decimal rational numbers, percentages, proportionality, besides working concepts of the area of magnitudes and measures. We were able to see a significant increase in the overall average of the ratings scores. We believe that this improvement is a result of the greater participation of the students in the classes, mainly of students more agitated, generating less indiscipline. Students became aware that instead of making debts that they cannot pay later, it would be best if they were scheduled to purchase a product later, without the need to pay interest.
A recepção dos mashups literários nacionais: uma análise discursiva de representações do leitor jovem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Conti, Clarissa Neves
;
Ferreira, Luzmara Curcino
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2455190460941507
In recent years, we have noticed the appearance of special genres of fictional narratives, such as literary mashups. The emergence of such narratives is partly due to certain changes caused in writing and reading practices by new technologies of production and reception of texts. Literary mashups are characterized by their hybrid nature and the desecrated manner that it relates to culture canons. They find their roots on some “remix culture” principles, such as the articulation between “high” and “low” culture, erudition and pop. Their originality may be found exactly in the unexpected aspect of such combination. In despite of being a worldwide editorial phenomenon, this kind of books does not seem to have accomplished similar success in Brazilian market. In Brazil, literary mashups segment does not have a numerous quantity of titles, and yet they might be still an important source to describe contemporary representations of Brazilian youth reading practices. This type of narratives has been built under an international successful publishing model, and they have been introduced as a fun and playful way of bringing young readers close to the greatest classics of literature. Therefore, by means of analyzing the methods of diffusion and reception of literary mashups in Brazil, we seek to promote an analysis of the discourses about reading that support such publishing project. By doing so, we intend to identify and describe how those discourses are manifested on language, that is, how writing strategies used on the books and readers impressions about the books create a representation of both literature and their readers. Our research corpus was built by Brazilian mashup works and by a collection of utterances which have been selected from young readers comments posted on literary blogs, notes and advertisements made on the news by journalists and professional critics. For this purpose, we take as a basis the Discourse Analysis theory articulated with principles of Cultural History of Reading, with the aim of expand our view on the publishing strategies which were applied on the construction of mashup books and how those strategies may be a sign of representations of their intended readers. As a result, we could have some clues of the discoursive representations built about young readers and their reading practices, such as the reinforcement of a discourse that make canon texts sacred, for what it refuses any interference that could destroy the quality of the classic literary work.
A atuação de uma equipe multiprofissional no apoio à educação inclusiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Silva, Márcia Altina Bonfá da
;
Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157385534343135
The search for an educational inclusive system has driven the discovery of ways and practices that concretize the ideal of access equality, abidance and learning to all students that present special educational needs inside of the educational space. The services and professionals of support are aimed as favorable alternatives to the effectuation of this principle, aiming the schooling in ordinary class. Starting from the hyphotesis that these services of multiprofessional teams when exists in the school system, are recent, fragmented and inarticulated, in due to the bit experience owned with this kind of support in brazilian reality, the general aim of this study was to describe and analyze this kind of service and identify, with the professionals of the team, strategies to improve it. Therefore, the aim of this study was the performance of a multiprofessional team, formed by three phonoaudiologists, three psychologists and a pedagogue, who acted in five municipal schools in the inner state of São Paulo.The research methodology used was based on collaborative research. The first stage involved a documental study with the aim to characterize the performance’s context of the participants. In the second stage were made individual interviews, in order to describe and analyze the work developed by the participants. The third stage involved reflection about the team’s service with interventions based on meetings of focal groups, aiming to identify strategies to improve it. The fourth, and last stage included documental analysis of the new proposal of work organization made by the team, after finalized the intervention process. The collected data were submitted to analysis of thematic content, and was used as tool the Atlas-Ti Software. The results were organized in four parts, according to the stages of the study. The results of the stage I allowed to contextualize the historic of creation of the multiprofessional team’s school service. The results of the stage II describe the organization of the service and allowed to conclude that there is school demand by these specialists, service which is appreciated by the school. However, the expectation was about clinical services, such as, evaluation and direct attendance to the students. It was also identified the existance of two models of services’ installment, the clinical and the educational. In the stage III, the reflexive meeting’s results revealed the difficulties with the establishment of collective and colaborative practices of the team in the school, the necessity of definition of roles and the reflection about the school culture as a factor for changes. The results of the stage IV showed that the use of the collaborative research reflected in the final project of the reorganization team of the service which had include some of the guiding principles of multiprofessional teams’ work in the schools. It was concluded that the service of a multiprofessional team can contribute with the construction of more inclusive schools, since is lined in an unique philosophy of work and that there is a permanent continuing formation of the team in collaborative proposals. The work of specialists in school, although is not an ordinary practice in Brazil, has showed its efficiency in other contexts, when the support service to the school context is based on the model of Collaborative Consultancy School which aims to help the development of a philosophy education that offers greater educational opportunities for all students.
Síntese, caracterização de cocristais e sais-cocristais de ingredientes farmacêuticos ativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Delling, Felix Nicolai
;
Schpector, Júlio Zukerman
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252331837170383
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6352410919556062
Using techniques/procedures of green chemistry, solid state grinding, solvent drop grinding and solvent drop grinding with heating, twenty compounds were synthesized. Eleven compounds of dropropizine (antitussive): two co-crystals and nine co-crystal salts, nine compounds of carbamazepine (anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer) were synthesized: eigth channel compounds and a possible co-crystal. The sulfamethoxazole (bactericidal) showed not to be a good choice as no new compounds could be synthesized in the reaction conditions used for all experiments, only its hemihydrate could be obtained. The compounds were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Using infrared spectroscopy it was possible to identify four characteristic vibrational modes for the salts, i.e. two vibrational modes of the COO- species (~1540 and ~1358 cm-1) and two of the N+–H species (~1385 and ~1258 cm-1). For the co-crystals the characteristic stretch of the carboxylic acids, at ~1700cm-1, did not disappear. The crystal, molecular and packing structures of two compounds, i.e. of the sulfamethoxazole hemihydrate and of the salt of dropropizine with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Mechanisms were proposed for the solid state grinding and solvent drop grinding with heating reactions. Finally, a proton transfer mechanism was proposed for the solid state grinding and solvent drop grinding with heating to synthesize a salt.
Utilização de atividades contextualizadas: uma perspectiva de aprimoramento de competências para o ensino da química de polímero- PET
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Oliveira, Marcio Aparecido de
;
Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0384675785631887
This work is the application of qualitative methodology in context, related to the packaging of carbonated drinks: the plastic bottles. These bottles have as raw material for manufacturing the monomer, Terephthalic acid, non-renewable resource, stemming from oil and ethylene glycol, Polymer [poly (ethylene terephthalate)], material that makes up this container used by society. This research was contextualized, using as instrument packing, Polymer, Topic-related content studied in organic chemistry, specifically, in the third year of high school, as the Basic Curricular Component orientation used in the State of Minas Gerais. And, to encourage participants to research a better interaction and participation in chemistry lessons, sought to improve the prior knowledge of them, regarding to the topic in question, encouraging them to apply it in later studies and in everyday life. This subject arouse the interest of students, through contextualized activities, so that they could learn the competences on the aspects of the chemistry of polymers which form the bottle with a focus on Science, technology, society and environment, to encourage participation in the classroom, as well as in their sequential studies to be applied in practice, proposing extra classes activities. The work was developed with the research question: how activities in context can highlight the students ' learning of the third year of high school chemistry aspects of polymers? Due to concerns of students on how the formulas and chemical reactions are worked, i.e. without contextualization. Thus, it was decided to make use of a new sequence. To give students direct contact with environmental problems to experience the situation, disposal and recycling, and awaken the interest of students by teamwork. In the course of the activities, sought to teach formulas and the reactions, leading them to an attempt at assimilation of the contents taught in the classroom with the bottle. And, consequently, provide them with learning the chemistry of polymers, using the theory and the practice for which ownership of competences and break into new concepts. So, the following issues were raised: the improper disposal of bottles and the environmental consequences that these cause, when they accumulate in galleries, slopes of rivers and parts of cities. During the research, participants conducted field study on the path from the House to the school grounds. In this way, the students were able to observe the environment around you, conduct experiments in two steps in the science lab and make objects of plastic bottles. In addition, aware students other shifts regarding the improper disposal, recycling, reuse of packing the polymerization reaction and also exposed the learning acquired during the search, as they provided an enriching exchange of experiences
Biorrefinaria florestal : uma proposta para integração dos processos de obtenção de nanocelulose e etanol 2G a partir da polpa de celulose de eucalipto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Bondancia, Thalita Jessika
;
Marconcini, José Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5373845785326215
;
Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
The use of eucalyptus kraft as biomass for an integrated production of sugars and new added-value products such as nanocellulose, stands out a potential strategy for the implementation of a forest biorefinary, that can contribute to the diversification of the paper and cellulose sector. In this process configuration, amorphous cellulose is converted into sugars that can be used for second generation ethanol (2G) production, leaving a residual fraction of nanocellulose that can be applied in various sectors as a high-value product. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of integration of 2G ethanol production with nanocellulose, using eucalyptus kraft pulp as raw material. In the enzymatic hydrolysis step, the experimental central composite design (CCRD) was used as a tool evaluate the effects of solids loading (SL) from 5 to 22% (w/v), and enzymatic loading (EL), from 3 to 17 mg protein/g of cellulose, on the glucose released and cellulose conversion. Glucose concentrations from 45 to 130 g/L with conversions from 40 to 95% were obtained after 24 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis. The validation of the statistical model was performed at SL 20% and EL 10 mg/g cellulose, defined using desirability function as the optimum condition for obtaining high concentrations of sugars associated with residual material to favor the production of nanocelulose. The sugars released using the selected optimum condition (134 g/L) were used to produce 2G ethanol by fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, resulting in 62.14 g/L ethanol after 8 h (yield 95.5%). For all of the conditions evaluated, the residual solids presented cellulose nanofiber (NFC) characteristics, according to analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy with Field Emission (SEM - FEG). Nanocellulose presented crystallinity index between 76% and 83% with initial degradation temperature around 320ºC. The use of a temperature reduction strategy from 50 to 35 ° C after 24 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis allowed to obtain cellulose nanocrystals (NCC) after 144h reaction. The crystallinity index of this material confirmed the presence of highly crystalline cellulose with initial degradation temperature around 330°C. The NCC showed length of 260 nm and diameter 15 nm, with aspect ratio L/D 15. Such characteristics are adequate for application as reinforcement in polymeric materials. Finally, enzymatic hydrolysis experiments were made in a stirred tank reactor (5L) using SL of 10 and 15% and EL of 5 and 10 mg/g cellulose, in order to obtain the parameters required to scale-up. The impeller used was the up-pumping and down-pumping Elephants Ears. The rotation of 470 rpm, defined by performing mixing time test, was used to evaluate the power consumption and apparent viscosity during of hydrolysis reaction. The residual solids of the hydrolysis at 5L scale presented nanocelulose with similar characteristics to the smaller scale (100 mL). In conclusion, the results obtained here showed that the integration of the processes for nanocellulose and 2G ethanol production is very promising and could contribute to implementation of the forest biorefineries and diversification of cellulose and pulp sector.
Gestão pela qualidade total e desempenho financeiro : um estudo da geração de riqueza ao acionista em empresas vencedoras de prêmios nacionais da qualidade do continente americano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Bassan, Heder
;
Martins, Roberto Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1917759961360095
Many authors of total quality management suggest a positive relationship between the implementation of Total Quality Management and financial performance of companies. However, empirical studies have produced mixed results due to methodological limitations of data analysis and performance indicators used. In this sense, this thesis aims to analyze the shareholder value creation using value financial indicators of winning companies of national quality awards in the Americas and to compare them to companies operating in the same economic sector. The use shareholder value performance indicators and winning companies of national awards quality seven Western Hemisphere countries is a differential of this thesis in relation to other studies. The financial data was collected from the Economática system database in specialized sites on the disclosure of financial statements and own sites of the winning companies of this research study object. The time period of analysis is ten years. The hypotheses about the companies performance on creating shareholder value were tested applying MANOVA and Factorial Analysis. The results point out the quality award winning companies has created more value to their shareholders than the other companies operating on the same economic sector.
Especificidade e sensibilidade do Questionário de Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação - Brasil para crianças de 8 a 10 anos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Souza, Thamires da Fonseca de
;
Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371315095038350
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3117809870693943
Different instruments meet the criteria of the Manual Diagnostic and Statistical of Mental Disorders (DSM) for the diagnosis of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have been used by researchers. Among them, the most recognized and employed questionnaire today for screening is the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ), a questionnaire for parents developed in Canada. This was translated and adapted to Brazilian culture, however its scoring system was not standardized for Brazilian children. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaire to a group of children aged 8, 9 and 10 years using as gold standard the Movement Assessment Battery for Children Test (Mabc-2) engine test also identify the cutoff point for each specific age and correlate the scores of both tests between gender and between economic classes. It is a descriptive study transversal - exploratory, with a quantitative approach. The participants were 100 children enrolled in the municipal school system of Rio Claro -SP, where had their motor skills evaluated using the DCDQ-Brazil and Mabc-2, and their socioeconomic conditions verified by Criterion Brazil. The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis of association and the cutoff set by the Youden index and Roc curve (Receiver Operator Characteristic). The results reveal the DCDQ-Brazil does not have satisfactory validity to the Brazilian context analyzed in the sample at the ages of 8 and 10 years the ages of 8 and 10 years, with its higher cutoff points the cutoff points defined in this study, in a proportion ranging 4-7 points. Also found, contrary to what area of the studies show, girls and boys do not have significant difference when evaluated in DCDQ-Brazil and Mabc-2, and no association between the results of the instruments and the socioeconomic classification of participants was detected, suggesting socioeconomic status does not imply engine performance and incidence of DCD. It was possible to ascertain the use of Mabc-2 instruments and DCDQ-Brazil together enables check for data favor the evaluation of the specificity and sensitivity of DCDQ-Brazil for a group of children aged 8 and 10 years. For future research it is suggested further data on the age of 9 years to use the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire form adapted to Brazilian children between 8 to 10 years promoting the early identification process of the DCD.
Produção de sulfato de potássio a partir de cloreto de potássio e sulfato de amônio : estudos de equilíbrio sólido-líquido e desenvolvimento de processo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Viola, Dimas Henrique Lanfredi
;
Bernardo, André
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
;
Costa, Caliane Bastos Borba
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1602653870311562
Potassium is one of the basic nutrients for plants and their concentration in the soil is insufficient to produce high quality crops, so it should be an essential component in the composition of fertilizers. Fertilizers containing potassium chloride provide chloride ions in large quantities in the soil, but many plants are sensitive to chloride ion, for example, crops (potatoes, tomatoes, red pepper, citrus and tobacco). To these cultures recommends the use of fertilizers containing potassium sulfate instead of fertilizers containing potassium chloride, being less harmful. Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) also provides the sulfate ion ( 2 4 SO ), which contains elemental sulfur, essential for the growth of plants. This information motivated research present in this thesis on the development of a potassium sulfate production process which facilitates production in Brazil in order to reduce or eliminate dependency on the importation, to obtain a high purity product and develop a viable environmental process and economically. Potassium sulfate was proposed to be produced through chemical reaction reaction (NH4)2SO4 + 2 KCl → K2SO4 + 2 NH4Cl in aqueous-alcoholic medium at ambient conditions using ethanol as antisolvent. The presence of ethanol decreases the solubility of the potassium sulfate. For the development of the process, the equilibrium solid-liquid phases (ESL) binary systems (water-potassium chloride and water-ammonium sulfate), the ternary system (water-potassium chloride-ammonium sulfate) and quaternary system (waterpotassium chloride-ammonium sulfate-ethanol) was studied and thermodynamic models were used for adequacy finding regarding the prediction of ESL. The thermodynamic models used for the binary systems were: Güntelberg equation, Davies equation, Debye-Hückel extended law, Bromley model, Meissner model, Pitzer model (ASPEN PLUS®) e electrolyte NRTL model (ASPEN PLUS®). For the ternary system, evaluated the Güntelberg equation, Davies equation, Debye-Hückel extended law, Bromley multicomponent model, Meissner multicomponent model, Pitzer model (ASPEN PLUS®) and electrolyte NRTL model (ASPEN PLUS®). Finally, thermodynamic models used for the quaternary system are electrolyte NRTL model (ASPEN PLUS®) and UNIQUAC-Debye-Hückel model. The developed process proved to be economically unfeasible, despite a positive gross profit because the gross profit is lower than the production costs. Costs for recovery of ethanol by distillation make impossible the process, generating negative values for the economic parameters, payback period and net present value.
Morrer para nascer travesti: performatividades, escolaridade e a pedagogia da intolerência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Acosta, Tássio
;
Garcia, Marcos Roberto Vieira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3911188481669270
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9459372033217997
This study analyses the narratives of the experiences had in school by six transvestites from the city of Sorocaba (countryside of the State of São Paulo) having the queer perspective as analytic inspiration for understanding that the discriminations suffered while in school were focused on maintaining the heteronormativity as disciplinary process. When considering the school as a device to maintain the relations focused on power, their gender expressions were vital for this process to be put to practice in an even more intensified manner – sometimes they were made invisible, while others they were given extreme visibility in order to serve as examples of "abnormal" behavior/identity. The most recurrent disciplinary devices defined by gender during such narratives were related to the birth name, the school uniform, the collective restrooms and Physical Education classes. Several attempts of resisting such devices were observed, in addition to strategies aimed at “compensating” discrimination, such as being the best student in some subjects, being good at sports or seeking interpersonal relationships with other “rebellious” students in order to obtain acceptance and/or strength before normalizations. The symbolic violence was present by the use of sexist nicknames, both by students and teachers, who many times have endorsed such anti-social and violent behaviors in their most diverse forms against the interviewees. They were blamed, both by the teaching and managing entities, for the violence suffered. When the issue of “race” was inserted in the scenario – as in the case of two black interviewees – the violence suffered by them would become even more evident. The acknowledgement of their precariousness and vulnerability is necessary to foment the creation of specific public policies, by means of affirmative actions, aiming at removing them from the fringes of society and making their lives more livable.
Programa Ler e Escrever e o processo de escolarização do aluno com deficiência intelectual no ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Simioni, Sônia Maria Rodrigues
;
Almeida, Maria Amélia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0316944549621648
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0375164387763796
The Reading and Writing Program was implemented at state public as a public policy with specific goals: accelerating the literacy process; reverse the academic failure of students without reading and writing appropriation at the end of the cycle I; distribute educational materials in schools; and provide network training for teachers to implement the Program. This study aimed to understand possible contributions to the process of education of students with Intellectual Disabilities in the teaching perspective. The qualitative research was based on the interpretation of text and themes for data analysis, held at a public school in a medium-sized city from São Paulo state. Three teachers of common classroom and four students with Intellectual Disability / Down Syndrome participated of this. The instruments were: field diary; Probing; Class Weekly Routine; questionnaire for the participating teachers. The intervention was done in the classroom in two semesters. The results of the document analysis showed that the Reading and Writing Program Guides direct for an activity in the classroom that does not consider students with Intellectual Disabilities, with extreme learning difficulties and with a lag. The questionnaire responses showed that the teachers believe that the Program does not meet the students with Intellectual Disabilities, pointing out the need for previous training and then serve them; lack of teacher training courses to meet the student with Intellectual Disabilities in the inclusive perspective, that would be relevant item. Observations during the intervention showed that: the teachers believed these students could not learn because of the disciplinary aspect caused by intellectual disadvantage; the class routine does not allow for individualized care and; need for an expert professional in the classroom. The Reading and Writing Program uses as one of its instruments the survey, which does not offer a true picture of the classroom; it does not help in the resumption of teacher actions to mediate learning, and therefore, does not generate progress of students who do not reach the alphabetic hypothesis; It does not contribute to the inference of alphabetic level of the student by the teacher, who goes for it of his own criteria. The adapted activities from the Weekly Routine indicate that the Reading and Writing Program contributes to creating an inclusive environment in the classroom, but not enough to promote advances in the acquisition of reading and writing in students with Intellectual Disabilities. The education of students with Intellectual Disabilities, in the public school of São Paulo state, does not meet the legal requirements and propagates a school culture of exclusion.
Webfólio: uma estratégia para a formação de enfermeiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29)
Miranda, Fernanda Maria de
;
Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5169761887192185
Considering the use of portfolios as a potential pedagogical strategy, as well as difficulties of implementation listed in the scientific literature and the resulting facilities of the digital world, this research was guiding question: The use of webfolio can be a powerful strategy to support construction the nursing students' knowledge? The aim of this study was to develop a minimum viable project, a webfólio, for nursing education and evaluate its technical quality with experts. It is an applied research and technological development, descriptive and exploratory nature. The collection and analysis of data was divided into two stages. In the first stage of the study were local teachers interviewed experienced in the use of reflective portfolios in order to understand the local reality as the use of reflexive portfolio and collect data to assist in the development of web-folio. Then, the conditions were set to be followed and the software has been developed, basing on the incremental development. The webfolio constituted, therefore, a web application in single page application with four levels of access. Possible among its activities minimum: user registration, disciplines, links to resize, reflective reports and fed back (in accordance with the permission of each user). The second data collection stage took place with experts from both computing as nursing faculty with experience with the use of reflective portfolios. The six inherent characteristics of software quality were evaluated. The functionality features, usability and efficiency were validated while the reliability characteristics, maintainability and portability require a reassessment with suggested improvements. The evaluation was considered positive by the subjects, especially the high acceptance of usability. The webfolio was seen as a powerful strategy to build the nursing students' knowledge, however, further studies with the implementation of webfolio developed into a real context will bring broader and more reliable results to corroborate this statement.