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Economia solidária e educação: possibilidades, limites e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Pires, Cláudia Priscila; Leite, Kelen Christina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0993995005511082; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3187128060523013
This work has as objective the analysis of the theoretical debates about the possibility the Solidarity Economy been an alternative proposal to capitalism or only an alternative proposal inside the capitalist way of production. We have done this work through theoretical research in a qualitative methodology and the bibliographic review was conduct around the follow main themes: Taylorism/Fordism, mode of regulation Fordism/Keysianism, the exhaustion of Fordism/Keysianism, Toyotism, Neoliberalism, Fordism in Brazil, the cooperative organization in the 19th century, the cooperative organization in Brazil, the reappearance of the Solidarity Economy, the Solidarity Economy in Brazil, the Solidarity Economy theorists: defenders and critics of Solidarity Economy and Education/Culture. In this project, understanding the project on Solidarity Economy will be placed in the context of crisis and restructuring of capitalism and neoliberal policies, which are inadequate to demonstrate resolution of certain socioeconomic issues. This process, from the 1990s, in Brazil and abroad, and which consequences are now promoting the (re)emergence of a phenomenon that has been called the Solidarity Economy as an alternative form of organization of the production process and social organization of production, opening the doors to practices which in logic intend to be different to the Capital. From the 2000s, particularly in Brazil, the solidarity economy also affects the field of public policy. In this regard, a discussion in the theoretical field of Solidarity Economy and Cooperatives and Solidarity Economy and Capitalist System in order to increase understanding and implementation of strategies focusing on a delimitation of its boundaries, possibilities and the challenges of solidarity economy inside capitalism. It was also done an approach about the intrinsic relationship between Solidarity Economy and Education / Culture, since is needed a solidarity and cooperative education within the Solidarity Economy.
A Psicologia vai à escola : trabalho colaborativo com uma professora de educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Caneguim, Janaina de Fatima Castro; Prado, Paulo Sergio Teixeira do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5560576962648816; Carmo, João dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5276512211896182
The teacher and its work have been the target of researchers and interventions, however, in some cases; this professional develops a little active role. Work proposals which discuss scholar questions along with teachers appear in a collaborative format, in which this professional would take an active role in the knowledge construction and there would be knowledge exchange among those involved. The Behavior Analysis provides conditions to the discussions about the process of teaching and learning including the description of principles and procedures which contributed for effective teaching, and, also, for descriptive function evaluation which can be understood as an educational resource that has been teaching the teachers, and, in which, an individual establishes functions relations between events from behavior identification to be analyzed and antecedent conditions and subsequent to this behavior. From a collaborative work format, the aims of this research were to describe teaching situations carried out by kindergarten teacher for teaching pre-arithmetic skills and also enable to the participant to describe functional relationships between what she wanted to teach, their teaching practices, and performance of their students as a result of its practices. In addition, to describe the present collaborative work, as well as, to create conditions for the teacher to describe principles and procedures for Behavior Analysis, which could contribute to effective teaching, were also aims of this study. The present work has conducted at the school where the teacher works. It was realized interviews to research teaching practices (in the context of teaching pre-arithmetic skills) for teaching pre-arithmetic skills; a discussion between researcher and participant on tasks present in an educational program of pre-arithmetical skills and teacher interaction with the mentioned program; recording and classroom observations; discussions for planning and analysis classes. It was described seven situations of teaching which will be used for the teaching pre-arithmetic skills from the data. However, only two teaching situations were also planned, executed and analyzed, which were related to the ordering skills of ensemble and notion of the pertinence of the objects to sets. The descriptive functional assessment seems to be a tool with potential to collaborative works with teachers. However, the procedure used did not allow that the participant functionally relates all the aspects discussed in the planning of the analyzed classes. The teacher showed indicative behaviors that appropriated elements brought by the researcher, in the other words, viii the participant used in some moments of the planning, execution and analysis of class principles and procedures described by Behavior Analysis focused on teaching (for example, she said that should have done the evaluation of the previous repertoire of students to realize a teaching situation). In addition, in these situations, the participant established some punctual dependence relations between theirs aims, teaching practices and performance measures for students on these practices. Because it was a collaborative work, the exchange knowledge between researcher and participant was something desired, and about this, the participant contributed describing practices for the pre-arithmetical skills teaching, as well as thinking of teaching opportunities for those who were not part of their routine. Participant speeches indicated that some elements of the collaborative work were not present throughout the interaction, such as the co-responsibility for the work. Changes in the present procedure were suggested to amend this characteristic of the interaction.
Programa Ler e Escrever e o processo de escolarização do aluno com deficiência intelectual no ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Simioni, Sônia Maria Rodrigues; Almeida, Maria Amélia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0316944549621648; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0375164387763796
The Reading and Writing Program was implemented at state public as a public policy with specific goals: accelerating the literacy process; reverse the academic failure of students without reading and writing appropriation at the end of the cycle I; distribute educational materials in schools; and provide network training for teachers to implement the Program. This study aimed to understand possible contributions to the process of education of students with Intellectual Disabilities in the teaching perspective. The qualitative research was based on the interpretation of text and themes for data analysis, held at a public school in a medium-sized city from São Paulo state. Three teachers of common classroom and four students with Intellectual Disability / Down Syndrome participated of this. The instruments were: field diary; Probing; Class Weekly Routine; questionnaire for the participating teachers. The intervention was done in the classroom in two semesters. The results of the document analysis showed that the Reading and Writing Program Guides direct for an activity in the classroom that does not consider students with Intellectual Disabilities, with extreme learning difficulties and with a lag. The questionnaire responses showed that the teachers believe that the Program does not meet the students with Intellectual Disabilities, pointing out the need for previous training and then serve them; lack of teacher training courses to meet the student with Intellectual Disabilities in the inclusive perspective, that would be relevant item. Observations during the intervention showed that: the teachers believed these students could not learn because of the disciplinary aspect caused by intellectual disadvantage; the class routine does not allow for individualized care and; need for an expert professional in the classroom. The Reading and Writing Program uses as one of its instruments the survey, which does not offer a true picture of the classroom; it does not help in the resumption of teacher actions to mediate learning, and therefore, does not generate progress of students who do not reach the alphabetic hypothesis; It does not contribute to the inference of alphabetic level of the student by the teacher, who goes for it of his own criteria. The adapted activities from the Weekly Routine indicate that the Reading and Writing Program contributes to creating an inclusive environment in the classroom, but not enough to promote advances in the acquisition of reading and writing in students with Intellectual Disabilities. The education of students with Intellectual Disabilities, in the public school of São Paulo state, does not meet the legal requirements and propagates a school culture of exclusion.
A atuação de uma equipe multiprofissional no apoio à educação inclusiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Silva, Márcia Altina Bonfá da; Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157385534343135
The search for an educational inclusive system has driven the discovery of ways and practices that concretize the ideal of access equality, abidance and learning to all students that present special educational needs inside of the educational space. The services and professionals of support are aimed as favorable alternatives to the effectuation of this principle, aiming the schooling in ordinary class. Starting from the hyphotesis that these services of multiprofessional teams when exists in the school system, are recent, fragmented and inarticulated, in due to the bit experience owned with this kind of support in brazilian reality, the general aim of this study was to describe and analyze this kind of service and identify, with the professionals of the team, strategies to improve it. Therefore, the aim of this study was the performance of a multiprofessional team, formed by three phonoaudiologists, three psychologists and a pedagogue, who acted in five municipal schools in the inner state of São Paulo.The research methodology used was based on collaborative research. The first stage involved a documental study with the aim to characterize the performance’s context of the participants. In the second stage were made individual interviews, in order to describe and analyze the work developed by the participants. The third stage involved reflection about the team’s service with interventions based on meetings of focal groups, aiming to identify strategies to improve it. The fourth, and last stage included documental analysis of the new proposal of work organization made by the team, after finalized the intervention process. The collected data were submitted to analysis of thematic content, and was used as tool the Atlas-Ti Software. The results were organized in four parts, according to the stages of the study. The results of the stage I allowed to contextualize the historic of creation of the multiprofessional team’s school service. The results of the stage II describe the organization of the service and allowed to conclude that there is school demand by these specialists, service which is appreciated by the school. However, the expectation was about clinical services, such as, evaluation and direct attendance to the students. It was also identified the existance of two models of services’ installment, the clinical and the educational. In the stage III, the reflexive meeting’s results revealed the difficulties with the establishment of collective and colaborative practices of the team in the school, the necessity of definition of roles and the reflection about the school culture as a factor for changes. The results of the stage IV showed that the use of the collaborative research reflected in the final project of the reorganization team of the service which had include some of the guiding principles of multiprofessional teams’ work in the schools. It was concluded that the service of a multiprofessional team can contribute with the construction of more inclusive schools, since is lined in an unique philosophy of work and that there is a permanent continuing formation of the team in collaborative proposals. The work of specialists in school, although is not an ordinary practice in Brazil, has showed its efficiency in other contexts, when the support service to the school context is based on the model of Collaborative Consultancy School which aims to help the development of a philosophy education that offers greater educational opportunities for all students.
Utilização de atividades contextualizadas: uma perspectiva de aprimoramento de competências para o ensino da química de polímero- PET
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Oliveira, Marcio Aparecido de; Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0384675785631887
This work is the application of qualitative methodology in context, related to the packaging of carbonated drinks: the plastic bottles. These bottles have as raw material for manufacturing the monomer, Terephthalic acid, non-renewable resource, stemming from oil and ethylene glycol, Polymer [poly (ethylene terephthalate)], material that makes up this container used by society. This research was contextualized, using as instrument packing, Polymer, Topic-related content studied in organic chemistry, specifically, in the third year of high school, as the Basic Curricular Component orientation used in the State of Minas Gerais. And, to encourage participants to research a better interaction and participation in chemistry lessons, sought to improve the prior knowledge of them, regarding to the topic in question, encouraging them to apply it in later studies and in everyday life. This subject arouse the interest of students, through contextualized activities, so that they could learn the competences on the aspects of the chemistry of polymers which form the bottle with a focus on Science, technology, society and environment, to encourage participation in the classroom, as well as in their sequential studies to be applied in practice, proposing extra classes activities. The work was developed with the research question: how activities in context can highlight the students ' learning of the third year of high school chemistry aspects of polymers? Due to concerns of students on how the formulas and chemical reactions are worked, i.e. without contextualization. Thus, it was decided to make use of a new sequence. To give students direct contact with environmental problems to experience the situation, disposal and recycling, and awaken the interest of students by teamwork. In the course of the activities, sought to teach formulas and the reactions, leading them to an attempt at assimilation of the contents taught in the classroom with the bottle. And, consequently, provide them with learning the chemistry of polymers, using the theory and the practice for which ownership of competences and break into new concepts. So, the following issues were raised: the improper disposal of bottles and the environmental consequences that these cause, when they accumulate in galleries, slopes of rivers and parts of cities. During the research, participants conducted field study on the path from the House to the school grounds. In this way, the students were able to observe the environment around you, conduct experiments in two steps in the science lab and make objects of plastic bottles. In addition, aware students other shifts regarding the improper disposal, recycling, reuse of packing the polymerization reaction and also exposed the learning acquired during the search, as they provided an enriching exchange of experiences
Webfólio: uma estratégia para a formação de enfermeiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Miranda, Fernanda Maria de; Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5169761887192185
Considering the use of portfolios as a potential pedagogical strategy, as well as difficulties of implementation listed in the scientific literature and the resulting facilities of the digital world, this research was guiding question: The use of webfolio can be a powerful strategy to support construction the nursing students' knowledge? The aim of this study was to develop a minimum viable project, a webfólio, for nursing education and evaluate its technical quality with experts. It is an applied research and technological development, descriptive and exploratory nature. The collection and analysis of data was divided into two stages. In the first stage of the study were local teachers interviewed experienced in the use of reflective portfolios in order to understand the local reality as the use of reflexive portfolio and collect data to assist in the development of web-folio. Then, the conditions were set to be followed and the software has been developed, basing on the incremental development. The webfolio constituted, therefore, a web application in single page application with four levels of access. Possible among its activities minimum: user registration, disciplines, links to resize, reflective reports and fed back (in accordance with the permission of each user). The second data collection stage took place with experts from both computing as nursing faculty with experience with the use of reflective portfolios. The six inherent characteristics of software quality were evaluated. The functionality features, usability and efficiency were validated while the reliability characteristics, maintainability and portability require a reassessment with suggested improvements. The evaluation was considered positive by the subjects, especially the high acceptance of usability. The webfolio was seen as a powerful strategy to build the nursing students' knowledge, however, further studies with the implementation of webfolio developed into a real context will bring broader and more reliable results to corroborate this statement.
Efeitos de degradação e de alterações microestruturais do polímero no desempenho mecânico estático de juntas híbridas de polieterimida (PEI) e alumínio produzidas por F-ICJ
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Sônego, Marília; Amancio-Filho, Sergio de Traglia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609614295379921; Canto, Leonardo Bresciani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7287108960864123; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3460853436777584
This master thesis aims to study hybrid joints of polyetherimide (PEI) and aluminum 6082-T6 produced by Friction-based Injection Clinching Joining (FICJ). The influences of the process parameters in the frictional heat and polymer degradation were analyzed through a half factorial design. The degradation of PEI was evaluated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of degradation in the joint microstructure and mechanical properties was also analyzed. The macro and microstructural characteristics were evaluated by optical microscopy and Vickers hardness. The static mechanical properties were determined by lap shear testing and cross tensile testing. It has been shown that the F-ICJ causes degradation through multiple chains scissions. Additionally, a thermomechanically affected zone, with lower hardness, and defects such as pores and weld lines are formed. The mechanical performance, mainly in cross tensile testing, is negatively affected by degradation and presence of defects. These results contribute to the optimization and application of F-ICJ to join hybrid structures.
Narrativas de protesto: a copa das black blocs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Pinheiro Junior, Ari Leme; Melo, Teresa Mary Pires de Castro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0960053614310334; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6755733151464579
This dissertation is the result of empirical monitoring of political demonstrations where young people expressed through the Black Bloc tactic. It is a participant observer report. Seeks, in acts of street protests and social networking sites, how is the construction of knowledge and realities of these young people. Seeks to understand the political forces opposing the idea of autonomous organization that tracks youth social movements and collective action close to the fans of tactical Black Bloc. Analyzes the pages of Brazilian mass media, the dispute the meaning of the 2013-2014 protests among the ultra-liberal discourse, government supporters and revolutionaries. This research follows the steps of how was built the historical image of the Black Bloc in the national press and proposes a historical script to its spectacular appearance in Brazilian media in June 2013. The research seeks to understand the contemporary scene of street protests across narratives gathered in demonstrations against the FIFA World Cup 2014 and interviews marked the tactical fans in their living spaces. Part of this work an audiovisual documentary, edited with scenes observed in fieldwork.
Biorrefinaria florestal : uma proposta para integração dos processos de obtenção de nanocelulose e etanol 2G a partir da polpa de celulose de eucalipto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Bondancia, Thalita Jessika; Marconcini, José Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5373845785326215; Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1654721179575206
The use of eucalyptus kraft as biomass for an integrated production of sugars and new added-value products such as nanocellulose, stands out a potential strategy for the implementation of a forest biorefinary, that can contribute to the diversification of the paper and cellulose sector. In this process configuration, amorphous cellulose is converted into sugars that can be used for second generation ethanol (2G) production, leaving a residual fraction of nanocellulose that can be applied in various sectors as a high-value product. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of integration of 2G ethanol production with nanocellulose, using eucalyptus kraft pulp as raw material. In the enzymatic hydrolysis step, the experimental central composite design (CCRD) was used as a tool evaluate the effects of solids loading (SL) from 5 to 22% (w/v), and enzymatic loading (EL), from 3 to 17 mg protein/g of cellulose, on the glucose released and cellulose conversion. Glucose concentrations from 45 to 130 g/L with conversions from 40 to 95% were obtained after 24 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis. The validation of the statistical model was performed at SL 20% and EL 10 mg/g cellulose, defined using desirability function as the optimum condition for obtaining high concentrations of sugars associated with residual material to favor the production of nanocelulose. The sugars released using the selected optimum condition (134 g/L) were used to produce 2G ethanol by fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, resulting in 62.14 g/L ethanol after 8 h (yield 95.5%). For all of the conditions evaluated, the residual solids presented cellulose nanofiber (NFC) characteristics, according to analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy with Field Emission (SEM - FEG). Nanocellulose presented crystallinity index between 76% and 83% with initial degradation temperature around 320ºC. The use of a temperature reduction strategy from 50 to 35 ° C after 24 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis allowed to obtain cellulose nanocrystals (NCC) after 144h reaction. The crystallinity index of this material confirmed the presence of highly crystalline cellulose with initial degradation temperature around 330°C. The NCC showed length of 260 nm and diameter 15 nm, with aspect ratio L/D 15. Such characteristics are adequate for application as reinforcement in polymeric materials. Finally, enzymatic hydrolysis experiments were made in a stirred tank reactor (5L) using SL of 10 and 15% and EL of 5 and 10 mg/g cellulose, in order to obtain the parameters required to scale-up. The impeller used was the up-pumping and down-pumping Elephants Ears. The rotation of 470 rpm, defined by performing mixing time test, was used to evaluate the power consumption and apparent viscosity during of hydrolysis reaction. The residual solids of the hydrolysis at 5L scale presented nanocelulose with similar characteristics to the smaller scale (100 mL). In conclusion, the results obtained here showed that the integration of the processes for nanocellulose and 2G ethanol production is very promising and could contribute to implementation of the forest biorefineries and diversification of cellulose and pulp sector.
Produção de sulfato de potássio a partir de cloreto de potássio e sulfato de amônio : estudos de equilíbrio sólido-líquido e desenvolvimento de processo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Viola, Dimas Henrique Lanfredi; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708; Costa, Caliane Bastos Borba; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1602653870311562; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6956199882652499
Potassium is one of the basic nutrients for plants and their concentration in the soil is insufficient to produce high quality crops, so it should be an essential component in the composition of fertilizers. Fertilizers containing potassium chloride provide chloride ions in large quantities in the soil, but many plants are sensitive to chloride ion, for example, crops (potatoes, tomatoes, red pepper, citrus and tobacco). To these cultures recommends the use of fertilizers containing potassium sulfate instead of fertilizers containing potassium chloride, being less harmful. Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) also provides the sulfate ion ( 2 4 SO ), which contains elemental sulfur, essential for the growth of plants. This information motivated research present in this thesis on the development of a potassium sulfate production process which facilitates production in Brazil in order to reduce or eliminate dependency on the importation, to obtain a high purity product and develop a viable environmental process and economically. Potassium sulfate was proposed to be produced through chemical reaction reaction (NH4)2SO4 + 2 KCl → K2SO4 + 2 NH4Cl in aqueous-alcoholic medium at ambient conditions using ethanol as antisolvent. The presence of ethanol decreases the solubility of the potassium sulfate. For the development of the process, the equilibrium solid-liquid phases (ESL) binary systems (water-potassium chloride and water-ammonium sulfate), the ternary system (water-potassium chloride-ammonium sulfate) and quaternary system (waterpotassium chloride-ammonium sulfate-ethanol) was studied and thermodynamic models were used for adequacy finding regarding the prediction of ESL. The thermodynamic models used for the binary systems were: Güntelberg equation, Davies equation, Debye-Hückel extended law, Bromley model, Meissner model, Pitzer model (ASPEN PLUS®) e electrolyte NRTL model (ASPEN PLUS®). For the ternary system, evaluated the Güntelberg equation, Davies equation, Debye-Hückel extended law, Bromley multicomponent model, Meissner multicomponent model, Pitzer model (ASPEN PLUS®) and electrolyte NRTL model (ASPEN PLUS®). Finally, thermodynamic models used for the quaternary system are electrolyte NRTL model (ASPEN PLUS®) and UNIQUAC-Debye-Hückel model. The developed process proved to be economically unfeasible, despite a positive gross profit because the gross profit is lower than the production costs. Costs for recovery of ethanol by distillation make impossible the process, generating negative values for the economic parameters, payback period and net present value.
Gestão pela qualidade total e desempenho financeiro : um estudo da geração de riqueza ao acionista em empresas vencedoras de prêmios nacionais da qualidade do continente americano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Bassan, Heder; Martins, Roberto Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1917759961360095
Many authors of total quality management suggest a positive relationship between the implementation of Total Quality Management and financial performance of companies. However, empirical studies have produced mixed results due to methodological limitations of data analysis and performance indicators used. In this sense, this thesis aims to analyze the shareholder value creation using value financial indicators of winning companies of national quality awards in the Americas and to compare them to companies operating in the same economic sector. The use shareholder value performance indicators and winning companies of national awards quality seven Western Hemisphere countries is a differential of this thesis in relation to other studies. The financial data was collected from the Economática system database in specialized sites on the disclosure of financial statements and own sites of the winning companies of this research study object. The time period of analysis is ten years. The hypotheses about the companies performance on creating shareholder value were tested applying MANOVA and Factorial Analysis. The results point out the quality award winning companies has created more value to their shareholders than the other companies operating on the same economic sector.
Adolescentes usuários de drogas em CAPSad e seus familiares : trajetórias, cotidianos e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Galhardi, Carina Curti; Matsukura, Thelma Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2407150425469401
The mental health care for children and adolescents, was marked throughout history by oblivion and neglect in relation to the creation of public policies and services that encompass their needs and rights. Only after a long road still under construction and was included the children's and adolescents’ population on the agenda of public policies, the propositions and mental health discussions. However, there is much to advance and among the main challenges is the attention to adolescents in general and in particular for adolescents who abuse drugs. This study aims to understand, from the perspective of adolescents inserted in a CAPSad on the experience of this same equipment and the other insertion contexts in which transit and their expectations for the daily life and the future. The study search identify, from the perspective of families of adolescents to experience drug use by adolescents and their expectations for the CAPSad. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Study participants were 8 adolescents and 15 families of adolescents inserted in a CAPSad located in a municipality in the state of São Paulo. It was used as methodology participant observation in which the researcher stayed and participated in the activities of the service for five months, where forms of identification, daily records of field and semi-structured interviews with adolescents and their families were hired. The material obtained across the interviews, conducted the analysis through the Collective Subject Discourse Technique (DSC) and the information from the service identification forms and adolescents and the field diary, analyzed and categorized. Among the results, it was found that drug use is present in the daily lives of adolescents and added to it there was other vulnerable situations such as prolonged hospitalization in clinics for addiction and no insertion in the school environment, which contribute to exclusion of this population, reducing the engagement possibilities and activities in other contexts. It was found that the adherence of adolescents service is low, the supply of care actions aimed at them is fragile and limited by issues of different orders as unwillingness and / or interest in addressing the teenage population, different views on the harm reduction strategy, difficulties in performing activities in partnership with other services of the municipal network, lack of action in the territory and opportunities for discussion and training. It was found that the participation of adolescents and family as co-responsible for their care actions is still absent in the service and understood as a challenge. However, it was revealed that both teenagers as family, although point limits, understand the care offered by CAPSad as a support and alternative space to meet the challenges of daily life. This study advances to reveal, from the perspective of adolescents themselves and their families, the challenges relating to the care of this population in CAPSad and, in addition to this equipment, to address the daily life of these adolescents and their families and reveal about the limits and possibilities of social participation. It is hoped that this study fosters discussions and contribute to the realization and development of public policies for this population.
O Instituto Universitário de Educação de Cabo Verde e os desafios da universitarização para a formação de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Gomes, Janice Raquel Sança; Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4356194007633256
The Cape Verdean education since independence has undergone several changes in order to increase access to education and provide teachers with specific training. Reforms and educational policies in Cape Verde in turn have demanded increasingly higher teacher qualifications and highlighted their role in improving the quality of education. In this sense, in 2010, the Decree Legislative n.2 / 2010, increased teacher training for basic education in superior level. Therefore, the research sought to understand the implications of universitarization process in the formation of Cape Verdean teachers of basic education (mostly with a single mid-level training), after attending an undergraduate complement course at University Institute Education. As a research methodology was adopted a qualitative approach of the analytical-descriptive and interpretative-critical, based on the analysis of semi-structured interviews with the studentes and the coordinators. Their research shows the emphasis of technical rationality; in teacher training; the discontinuity of educational policies regarding the training of teachers and consequently in education; the notion of competence in the training of teachers related the demands of the labor market and a flexible professional. On the other hand, we found that teacher training is a continuous process, composed of various elements in addition to formal courses; It is not as easy demarcation of functions of initial and continuing education, and the course played a dual purpose as an initial training course, with continued training function. In addition, the University Institute of Education, although it does not represent the full motion universitarization, presents elements that show that this phenomenon is in full development.
Discutindo acidez, basicidade e neutralização : projeto Horta em uma abordagem construtivista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Oliveira, Alex de; Marques, Rosebelly Nunes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7921735904003583; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2507865785910409
Usually in classes, there are situations where students find it difficult to understand contents as well as relate them to different contexts in other disciplines and their applications. This occurs when it is assumed that everyone has a full understanding of the subject, and also the belief that everyone learns the same way and at the same pace, ignoring the knowledge that learners carry with them. Teaching involves respecting the construction of knowledge of the scholarly, social, and family trajectory. In this sense, discussing ideas with students may provide an environment of real learning, which is both challenging and motivating. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to study chemical contents, starting with the group's environment, and by this, establishing contact with the prior knowledge, from which the conductive element was the Garden project. Qualitative research was used, seeking to explore the student's prior knowledge about the theme and chemistry issues involving the soil. The work was developed with two daytime high school classes, at the E. E. Dr. Paulo de Almeida Nogueira High School, in Cosmópolis/SP with students between 15 to 18 years old, conducted in fifteen meetings, with pre and post activity surveys, researches, social meetings and field trips. With the learning environment established, giving the proper importance of the assessment of prior knowledge and subsequent research, it was found participation in learning the chemical contents, developed with the school's garden project.
Logística reversa : estudo sobre o corpo do conhecimento e diagnóstico sobre o processo de reciclagem em uma indústria de compressores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Milano, Camila Bonelli de; Pugliesi, Érica; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736386099280623; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0154648692114126
environmental impacts in: production processes, buying and selling materials and return of the products or components to the supply chain. Motivated by the demand of environmentally aware consumers, raw material dearth, more restrictive legislation or by environmental marketing and seek for improved image towards competitors, companies have spent more time, money and staff in research and machinery towards a more sustainable productivity. Among the innovations and new tools, Reverse Logistics (RL) is the one responsible for the return of materials to the supply chain, adding value and importance to the components that go back into the production cycle, in order to become pieces, materials, new products or renewed ones, with its lifespan extended. First of all, before any performance or diagnostic activities, it is necessary to know the acquaintance such as definitions, accounts, methods and applications on the subject. Through literature review on relevant books and articles it was possible to list authors and titles of interest to subsidize the reader's insertion in the research field, in this case, to RL. This inventory helped the literature review, the case study and the composition of significant information. The case study consisted of a compressor’s recycling process in which a company product collection (within warranty), showing failure or non-functioning, were recovered to disassemble and forwarding of materials back in the supply chain. The work has three important results: first, it found that the RL company, although still at an early stage, allows the return of product-composing pieces avoiding direct disposal in landfills or dumps, returning them to the compressors supply chain or other ones, and this case study showed that RL has financial advantages. However, the second result shows that for the process to be considered RL some proceedings would need to be added, such as recovery of materials out of the warranty period (reducing the quantity of recycled products that would be inappropriately managed), innovation in procedures for collecting these materials, expanding the network of collection for sites near the company. These aspects analyzed need support by senior administration to be realized. The partnership between the University (researcher) and business (managers responsible for processes) provided the third result that was developed during the research material for questions and gathering information needed to compose and monitor the RL process on the organization. These questions were worked into five groups (guidelines) responsible for covering all the return chain of materials, including information about the stakeholders involved in the delivery of the material, processing and subsequent sale so that shared responsibility is inserted on the continuous process improvement. Finally, it concludes that the RL acquaintance is in constant development and change and it needs to be explored in all its possibilities to develop new techniques and methodologies which are capable of being applied in the supply-chain. RL is a promising, exciting and challenging tool and every new research will be responsible for contributing to the dynamism of its evolution.
“O mais profundo é a pele”: processos de construção de identidade por meio da tatuagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Pereira, Beatriz Patriota; Leite Júnior, Jorge; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963693138081949
In order to contribute to the expansion of a sociological comprehension related to body and its identity, this research intents to understand how the inked person attributes meaning to his tattoo, to construct his identity. We recognize the increasing popularization of the tattoo and the existence of a correlation between tattoos and identity; also we consider that the tattoo, as a body modification, is a distinction and identification mark. Having those assumptions established, we propose in this research an understanding of the dimensions the tattoo has negotiated in a identity construction to the inked person. Those are our purposes: to understand how the tattoos meaning is built and the importance these signs hold in the selfimage construction to the inked person; to analyze how positions of subject, location and price influence in the process of choosing the images and the parts of the body in which the tattoo will be inked; finally, to establish the differences between “commercial” and “artistic” tattoos, both from the tattoo artist and the inked person point of view. These purposes will be achieved through a bibliographic, a participant observation in three different tattoo studios with different profiles and, finally, semi structured interviews with the tattooed persons.
O processo de nucleamento e fechamento das escolas rurais na região de São João da Boa Vista (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Marrafon, Andrea Margarete de Almeida; Bezerra, Maria Cristina dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0183386979290881
The study aimed to analyze the process of nucleamento and closing of rural schools in the region of São João da Boa Vista, using as base municipalities: Casa Branca, Divinolândia and Sao Jose do Rio Pardo. This process was the transformation of schools into centers-schools or nucleation in order to become recipients of the students of extinct rural schools (multigrade isolated and / unidocentes) and may be located in rural or urban areas. Taking into consideration the historical context, political, socioeconomic and educational, emphasizing above all the transformations in agriculture in the State of São Paulo, which resulted in the expropriation of thousands of rural workers because of agricultural mechanization driven by the expansion of sugarcane sectors and citrus, sought to discuss and understand: the service that or those rural schools were nucleated? How did and what the cause of nucleamento and consequent closure of rural schools? Thus, the study has two categories considered inseparable: the capitalist mode of production and the education of the rural population. The analysis of the first category was made from the study of Marxist theoretical framework, through data collected in the field research (interviews and questionnaires) and by searching statistical data sites on the economy, agriculture, labor and demographics. But the study on the education of the rural population was given by historical rescue about nucleamento of rural schools and on the education of the rural population from the 1960s, involving the educational laws that regulate the process and the changes occurred in rural areas. Was also made a survey of existing rural schools from the 1970s and the condition of rural schools in the three cities listed in the study for that, in addition to the documentary research of extinct rural schools with the state arquivadoras schools, questionnaires were targeted for managers of municipal departments of Education White House, Divinolândia and São José do Rio Pardo, the active rural schools, as well as interviews with parents of students in rural schools. On the information collected and based on the theoretical study has improved to discussion of the process that resulted in the closure of 390 rural schools (1970-2014) which had as its backdrop the agricultural productive restructuring, considering then that the nucleamento and the consequent closure of rural schools served the capital and was far from serving the interests of rural workers.
A influência da orientação corporal nos movimentos de cabeça em lactentes a termo e pré-termo aos 5-6 meses de idade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Maia, Michele Gonçalves; Lima-Alvarez, Carolina Daniel de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4144337339534625; Tudella, Eloisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1485455044228264
Motor development is a process of changes in motor behavior over time, due to an interaction of systems within the organism, the environment and tasks. The presence of risk factors, such as prematurity, may influence motor development, including the control of head movements. In this context, some strategies may prevent delay in the acquisition of head control, which is required for more complex abilities. Postural manipulation may be a strategy to improve head control in preterm infants, as it is known that postural manipulation may facilitate more mature head movements in full-term infants between birth and four months of age. Objective: To assess the influence of postural manipulation on head movements in full-term and late preterm infants at 5-6 months of corrected age. Method: Thirty eight infants (22 full-term infants and 16 late preterm infants, born at 34-36 weeks gestation) were assessed in a infant chair once in three experimental conditions: a) unsupported supine, b) supported supine (small pillow as an external support), and c) supported reclined at an angle of 20 degrees (small pillow). To elicit head movements, a black and white smiley face card was manually moved from side to side in the infant’s visual field for two minutes in each posture. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to compare the groups and conditions (p <0.05). Results: We found that body orientation or external support influenced the control of head movement however in a different way than expected, possibly because at these ages infants have acquired strength and control enough for the task even in the most demanding postures at neuromotor and biomechanical level. No difference was observed between the experimental conditions for most variables, however, the use of support promoted more controlled movements. There was a difference for the desaceleration index (F [1.44]= 4.741; p=0.01), which the preterm infants presented higher values than full-term infants in supported supine position (p=0,012). Moreover, for the preterm infants, they presented higher values in the supported supine compared to the unsupported supine, and supported reclined (p = 0.007 and p = 0.003 , respectively). Conclusion:. We suggest the external support of the head promoted more controlled head movements in preterm infants. These findings suggested posture manipulation may be an early intervention strategy for infants at risk for developmental delay.
Efeito do ensino de sinônimos sobre a compreensão de textos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Aran, Marineide Aquino de Souza; Domeniconi, Camila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0270166971148398
The ultimate goal of learning how to read is to understand the information present in a text and variables involved in reading with understanding have been widely studied. This paper aims to investigate whether teaching synonyms of words that make up the main structure of texts contributes to an increase in text comprehension. These words are also part of stories utilized in standardized teaching procedures. The participants in this study were 20 typically developing children, aged from 8 to 10 years old, pupils from first to fifth grade of a primary public school in the State of São Paulo. They showed high scores when reading single words, but a poor performance in understanding texts. The control group underwent a procedure for learning text comprehension. The experimental group underwent the same procedure as the control group but it was also taught synonyms. Performance in text comprehension was evaluated both before and after the interventions for both groups. The analysis of baseline and post intervention data for all participants was done through the T test of matched samples and the Mann-Whittman test was used for comparing data between groups. Posttest results don’t show any statistically significant difference between the performances of the experimental and control groups, which suggests that teaching synonyms had no effect on text comprehension. Considering the performance of all participants in the pre and posttests, regardless of which intervention the participant received, there is a significant difference between them, which points out the effectiveness of the teaching procedure to increase text comprehension.
Complexos fosfínicos de rutênio contendo o ligante 2,2’-dipiridilamina: síntese, caracterização e avaliação de suas atividades citotóxicas e de interação com DNA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-29) Ribeiro, Gabriel Henrique; Batista, Alzir Azevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3701616795598511
This work aims the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of the biological activities of a series of mixed ligand ruthenium (II) phosphine complexes the containing 2,2’-dipyridylamine ligand. Furthermore, the studies of interaction of the complexes with calf thymus (CT) DNA were performed order to assess a possible mechanism of action of the complexes. The complexes synthesized were [RuCl(PPh3)(Hdpa)2]Cl (1), [RuCl(PPh3)(Hdpa)(bipy)]Cl (2), [RuCl(PPh3)(Hdpa)(dmbipy)]Cl (3), [RuCl(PPh3)(Hdpa)(fen)]Cl (4), [RuCl(PPh3)(Hdpa)(dphfen)]Cl (5) and [RuCl(PPh3)(Hdpa)(en)]Cl (6), where PPh3 = triphenyphosphine, Hdpa = 2,2’-dipyridylamine, bipy = 2,2’-bipyridine, dmbipy = 5,5’-dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine, fen = 1,10-phenanthroline, dphfen = 4,7- diphenyl-1,10-phenantholine and en = diaminoethane. All complexes were characterized by molar conductivity, voltammetric techniques, elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV-Vis, and 1D and 2D NMR) and the complexes (1), (3) and (6) have been structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. The interaction studies of the complexes (1) – (4) and (6) with CT-DNA suggest reversible interactions through weak electrostatic attractions between the anionic phosphate backbone of the DNA and the monocationic complexes. However, the interaction studies by circular dichroism spectroscopy, agarose gel electrophoresis and viscosity measurements reveals that the complex [RuCl(PPh3)(Hdpa)(dphfen)]Cl causes significant changes in the DNA structure, which is consistent with a high-affinity DNA binding. The compound (5) might interact with the DNA via grooves binding and with contributions of hydrogen bonding of the amine group in the Hdpa ligand in the stabilization of the interaction. Further, the cytotoxicities of complexes against breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-231) and against chinese hamster lung fibroblast non-tumor cell line (V79-4) were evaluated. All the complexes demonstrated excellent cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231, with IC50 values in the range of 25.5 – 1.65 μmol L-1. Interestingly, complex (5) exhibits a cytotoxicity (IC50 = 1.65 ± 0.05 μmol L-1) higher than others complexes and with approximately 2 times more than cisplatin (IC50 = 2.44 ± 0.20 μmol L-1).