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Autoestima e depressão em mulheres portadoras de vitiligo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-01) Ruiz, Larissa Pires; Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8868678989340770; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4098277154711387
Vitiligo is a depigmentation’s disorder of the skin, with an incidence of up to 2% of the population, particularly among female population. Investigations, both nationals and internationals, have pointed out that women suffering from this disease presented low selfesteem and high rates of depression. This study aimed to: 1) examine the occurrence of psychiatric morbidity in patients with vitiligo; 2) identify the severity of discomfort attributed to the presence of spots in different body regions; and 3) correlating discomfort attributed to the location of the spot, self-esteem, psychiatric comorbidities in general, and particularly of depression. For gathering information was used an online questionnaire, constructed and available in Google Docs base. Adults women diagnosed with vitiligo were invited to participate in the study, mainly through social networks and websites that offer information about the disease. The questionnaire presented initially the Informed Consent of the Research and, in the sequence, introduced issues related to socioeconomic variables and of living with the disease, namely: gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, family income; When he was diagnosed, the specialty of the professional that closed this diagnosis, among others. It was requested to indicate the body´s regions affected by stains and the degree of distressed related to each of them. Three instruments were available to assess various psychological conditions, namely: 1) Transversal Inventory PROMIS Level 1 for adults which assess risks related with mental health’s of 13 disorders; 2) Transversal Inventory PROMIS Level 2 Depression; and, 3) Self-Esteem Rosenberg Inventory. The participants presented aged 16-64 years, and the majority was declared single (41%), white (54.7%), with family income equal to or less than three minimum wages (38.7%), living in different regions of the country. The diagnosis would have happened 10 years or less (41.9%), by professional dermatologist (115 participants). 42.7% of the participants showed signs of depression, 50.4% showed the occurrence of six or more symptoms associated with different mental disorders and 17.9% had low self-esteem scores. Low self-esteem was related to high depression scores and a greater number of symptoms related to various disorders. high intensities of distress were associated with areas of greatest social exposure; higher the intensity of distress reported discomfort, greater were the indicators of various mental disorders, severe depression and lower scores on self-esteem. The discussion sought to establish convergent and divergent aspects of those observed in the literature in the area, particularly considering aspects of social cognition and social relations as an important element for building self-esteem and mental health.
Produção de enzimas pelo cocultivo de fungos filamentosos por fermentação em estado sólido e aplicação do meio integral na sacarificação da biomassa para obtenção de etanol celulósico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-01) Maehara, Larissa; Silva, Adilson José da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3447469350644179; Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2848749416730311
The use of a simplified consolidated bioprocess for the conversion of biomass using enzymes produced in-house (integrated into the process of converting lignocellulosic biomass) may enable significant increases in the production of bioethanol, without the need for expansion of cultivated area. With this motivation, the present work had as objective the study of the steps of production of (hemi)cellulases by solid-state fermentation (SSF) and the use of whole fermentation medium (WFM) for saccharification of biomass and subsequent alcoholic fermentation within the context of a consolidated bioprocess for the 2G ethanol production. To this end, firstly, the selection of the cultivation conditions for the production of enzymes directly using the sugarcane bagasse pretreated by steam explosion (SEB) as SSF substrate was studied. Thus, different fungi were cultivated in isolation and in co-cultivation, including the study of the use of wheat bran and lactose as inducers in the production of enzymes. In order to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) step with the WFM from SSF, it was evaluated the influence of the operating parameters and the use of soy protein, Tween 80, PEG 1500 and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as additives. Finally, the alcoholic fermentation step was performed for the selected condition for the overall validation of this bioprocess. The results obtained in the conditions which maximize the production of enzymes, using SEB as substrate, were: addition of lactose at 0.075 g/g of substrate and wheat bran in the mass ratio 1:1 relative to the substrate, which led to an increase of activity of 73% for beta-glucosidase, 67% for endoglucanase, and 72% for xylanase, compared to the control condition using SEB as the substrate, without the presence of lactose or wheat bran. Cultivations under SSF followed by the EH step with the WFM showed that the co-cultivation were, in most cases, better in the conversion of SEB into fermentable sugars. The co-cultivation that presented the best result when compared to the best-isolated cultivation of Aspergillus niger was the Trichoderma reesei with Aspergillus oryzae, which has promoted an increase of 47% in the glucose production. The evaluation of operating parameters (pH, temperature and stirring) during the enzymatic hydrolysis step with the WFM from SSF showed that the saccharification process performed under the condition of pH 4.8, 200 RPM and 50 °C presented the best conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. This operational condition is the same already used in the conventional process of enzymatic hydrolysis with commercial extract enzymes. The addition of additives (soy protein and Tween 80) improved the saccharification process, whereas the addition of soy protein (0.5% w/v) lead to a 50% increase in glucose release. The alcoholic fermentation carried out for validating the overall integration process at the best condition of cultivation /hydrolysis gave a yield of 83.5% of the theoretical yield and volumetric productivity of ethanol (QP) 4.77 g/L.h. These results show that all process steps can be performed sequentially in the same reactor, thus denoting the proposed consolidated bioprocess.
Visitantes florais e eficácia de Xylocopa frontalis (Olivier, 1789) na polinização de Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg. (Passifloraceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-01) Martarello, Natalia Seneda; Agostini, Kayna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6640165793833526
Pollination is an effective ecosystem service, responsible for increasing the quantity and quality of fruits and seeds formed. Due to the self-incompatibility of some species of agricultural interest, cross-pollination is required and the limiting of pollinating species such affects its production. The yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa.), a selfincompatible specie is dependent on cross-pollination to form fruit. Thus, the general aim of this study was to study the biology of pollination and reproduction in P. edulis f. flavicarpa, emphasizing the efficacy of pollinators for this specie. The specific aims were: 1) to evaluate the richness, visitation frequency and the behavior of visitors in Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa flowers.; 2) to compare the efficacy in the formation of fruits and seeds of P. edulis f. flavicarpa through individual and two visits by Xylocopa frontalis with manual crosspollination and natural pollination and 3) assess whether there is pollen limitation through comparison between natural and manual cross-pollination. Visitors were observed during the flowering period, from January to April 2015, totaling 106 hours of observations. For fruiting testing and seed counts: 1) manual cross pollination (n = 37 flowers); 2) natural pollination (n = 52 flowers); 3) pollination by single visit of X. frontalis (n = 41 flowers) and 4) pollination by two visits of X. frontalis. Were identified bee species of Apis, Bombus, Centris, Epicharis, Eulaema, Melipona, Oxaea, Trigona and Xylocopa genera, Apidae, being also observed an individual belonging to Halictidae family. Insects belonging to other orders were also observed, including different species of butterflies (Lepidoptera), bugs (Hemiptera), flies (Diptera), beetles (Coleoptera) and the presence of family Trochilidae hummingbirds. The specie A. mellifera (thief behavior) and X. frontalis (predominantly pollinator behavior) were the most frequent in the plantation with 58.11% and 30.20% respectively of occurrence. Regarding pollination tests, we observed the formation of fruits in all the treatments. Flowers of manual cross-pollination obtained the highest fruiting rate when compared to other treatments. The fruiting rate through manual cross-pollination was significantly higher than that obtained in natural conditions (X2 = 12.676; degree of freedom = 1; p <0.05) indicating that there is pollen limitation in natural pollination. Regarding the number of seeds, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated no significant difference between the mean number of seeds produced in different reviews pollination. Conclude that there is richness of floral visitors specie in the study area, and that between them, the main pollinator species are those with larger, mainly bees belonging to the genus Xylocopa. Larger fruiting rates obtained by manual cross-pollination treatment suggest that more than one visit is needed to promote greater production rate in passion fruit crops.
Escolarização de aluno com síndrome de Down na escola : um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-01) Marques, Aline Nathalia; Orlando, Rosimeire Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4254571422608459; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5570546733623257
Currently the Down syndrome challenge the school and educators to outline new methodologies and pedagogical practices. Consequently, the teacher is an important mediator to conception internalization, which will be acquired. This way, the objective of this study was analyze written language of a down syndrome’s student in the inclusive classroom context. In addition, as specifics objectives: a) observe the teaching strategies used by the teacher of regular classroom to teach the reading and writing and b) analyze the writing production of the Down syndrome’s student. In this direction, the present study it is qualitative and it is guided in a case study, had as reference the historical-cultural theoretical approach and the dates were collected in a regular classroom second grade in the elementary school. The instruments used were a semi-structured interview and a semi structured used with the teacher of the classroom, participant observation and photographs of the school production of student during the classes. The results has showed an initial and continue training need for teacher who have in their classrooms students with Down syndrome, and with it, thinking with new strategies, because, as was evidence in this research the literacy activities for those students are guided for repetition and memorization techniques. In addition, few different activities were developed with the student been a lagged literacy processes. The written production of the student analyzed, indicated that despite not be literate, the participant student started to attribute signification for your draws, that it is a step for written language acquisition.
A política nacional de humanização e suas diretrizes acolhimento e cogestão : a perspectiva de gestores municipais de saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-01) Camacho, Gabriela Alvarez; Ogata, Márcia Niituma; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3274294833403570; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5567266111599764
The National Humanization Policy (PNH ) is considered a proposed policy readjustment Health System (SUS) from the perspective of promoting the autonomy of the actors involved: users, health worker and manager. Profile and abilities of municipalities have impact on health policy processes and promoting function of managers on these aimed to identify the perceptions and actions of managers at the cities level on the PNH , user embracement and the co-management. It is an exploratory research with qualitative approach whose data processing was due to the thematic analysis. Data production took place through individual interviews, oriented from semi-structured, with directors/health and a member of the 06 municipalities management team of a health region secretaries belonging to a Regional Department of Health's State of São Paulo, totaling 12 participants. The results demonstrates how that the managers, in general, are unaware of the PNH and user embracement and co-management. This study showed that decision-making processes within the territories of municipalities still reproduce centralizing management models, in which users and workers are not considered, and that this configuration reflects the context of health in the municipalities. Although it was possible to identify management practices concerned with little inclusive and democratic models as opposed to proposing the PNH.