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Emprego da RMN no estado sólido em estudos de complexos supramoleculares de fármacos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-15) Xavier, Tatielih Pardim de Oliveira; Venâncio, Tiago; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4307312001890985
Many pharmaceutical solids are able to adopt more than one crystalline form, and this property is called polymorphism. Currently 80-90% of the drugs are marketed as in solid forms and a very common problem is the low solubility of these drugs, particularly in aqueous media. Depending on how a drug crystallizes, its physical and chemical properties can be changed, which may also result in changes in its solubility. Before this problem the crystals engineering appears as a strategy to improve the properties of the solid state related to the efficacy of the drugs through the development of new crystalline forms. Multicomponent molecular crystals can be prepared from supramolecular synthons forming approach by crystallization methods involving the optimization of conditions for the formation of these novel crystalline forms. In this context, this study aimed to use the solid state NMR for study of supramolecular chemistry the three antiparasitic drugs (secnidazole, albendazole and mebendazole) and one antiretroviral (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) using a set of one-dimensional techniques (CP-TOSS, CP-NQS and CP-PI) for the carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 nucleus as well as two-dimensional (1Hx13C FSLG HETCOR). Solid state NMR was used as the primary analytical tool for characterizing the crystalline forms obtained in this study, as in the prior characterization of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (APIs) used as raw material, being demonstrated the applicability of this technique in the analysis of new formulations. The data obtained were of great importance in the study of these solid dosage forms which can contribute to the structural study of dosage forms, identify polymorphic forms of drugs, detect phase transitions in both API as in commercial samples and check for interactions molecular (intramolecular and intermolecular) by means of two-dimensional NMR. In this work it was shown that this technique is configured as an important tool for the characterization of new polymorphs but they certainly should be applied in conjunction with other techniques in order to take advantage of the complementarity provided when different techniques are used in combination. This work intends to consolidate the use of NMR in the solid state in Brazil as a tool for the characterization of the crystalline forms of drugs and also for the analysis of drugs, which has been few explored so far.
Vítimas, autores e testemunhas de bullying : uma avaliação das habilidades sociais e de indicadores da competência social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-15) Comodo, Camila Negreiros; Del Prette, Almir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1022196212162281
The literature has shown evidence that bullying is a worldwide phenomenon that deserves the attention of researchers and the community as a whole. Considering that bullying occurs in interpersonal relationships among students, it is important to understand the role of social skills repertoire of these individuals and their social competence to deal with the bullying situation, as a way to provide a more accurate diagnosis on the relationship of social skills and bullying, as well as contribute for the prevention of this type of violence. Considering these aspects, this study aimed to: (1) correlate social skills classes with authoring and victimization bullying behaviors; (2) compare the social skills of victims, authors, victims-authors and bystanders of bullying in terms of frequency and difficulty; (3) identify similarities and differences between the scores of authorship and victimization in bullying considering the self-assessment, peers and teachers evaluations; (4) assess and describe social competence indicators of teenagers involved in bullying; (5) functionally analyze the behavior of victims, perpetrators and bystanders of bullying. To analyze the social skills of students involved in bullying were applied the IHSA-Del-Prette, QIPVE and Peer Assessment with 241 adolescents aged 11 to 16 years. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially, and it was found that bullying behaviors and victimization showed a negative correlation with social skills classes. It was also found that students involved in bullying reported a less elaborate repertoire of self-control, assertiveness and empathy. Additionally, a comparison was also made between the bullying instruments used in this study. For this purpose 263 students responded to QIPVE and Peer Assessment, and 10 teachers appointed students as victims and bullies. This comparison brought data that there are differences between the self-assessment, evaluation of teachers and peers nominations about the involvement in bullying. To assess social competence indicators was realized an interview with 10 bullies, eight victims, 10 victims-authors and 10 bystanders. The interviews were transcribed and the responses were categorized. The results indicated that all respondents reported fail to achieve important indicators of social competence, which brings an impact on quality of life and development of these adolescents. Finally, the functional analysis of the student´s behavior pointed out that the attacks made by the bullies are reinforced by the removal of the victims and the bystanders’ silence and/or laughter. These datas indicate that anti-bullying programs should teach some specific social skills classes, promote not only social skills but also social competence and reach the entire school community, including bystander.
Análise dos elementos da estratégia de marketing e dos aspectos de relacionamento no canal entre atacado distribuidor, indústria alimentícia e pequeno varejo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-15) Souza, Thiago Alves de; Piato, Éderson Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1439984077907071; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5674317433971352
Due to the complexity of markets and intense competition organizations are looking for new ways to generate sustainable competitive advantage, that it is the competitive advantage that can not be copied in the short term by competitors. In this sense, the distribution channels emerge, which are the set of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption. Integrating the distribution channel as intermediaries are wholesalers and retailers, who act as an important link between the industry and the end consumer. In general, these organizations carry out a number of elements of the marketing strategy in the distribution channel and so develop and maintain long-term relationships with partners and other channel members. The objective of this research is to identify how the elements of the marketing strategy influence on the aspects of the relationship. This study has as its core the wholesale distributor perspective, but also identifies the views of small food and retail industry. This research has qualitative and exploratory nature character, using as main methods the case study and the technique of critical incident. As a data collection instrument, we opted for the construction of semistructured in order to support the conduct of interviews. nine interviews were conducted, two in the distributor wholesaler four in food industries and three small retailers. For data analysis, we used the technical characteristics of the critical incident, content analysis and triangulation. The survey results identified the elements of the marketing strategy and relationship issues primarily from the perspective of distributor wholesaler. It has been found empirically that targeting influences the trust; the element influencing product partnerships and satisfaction; price element affects power / dependence, conflict, cooperation and satisfaction; element of marketing communication relates to investment, exchange of information and commitment; element distribution influences the conflict, among other relations. Ultimately, this study presents an analysis of the gaps / shortcomings as they relate to the elements of the marketing strategy developed by the wholesale distributor or the aspects of the relationship with food and small retail industry. Finally, we present the implications both managerial and theoretical, limitations and future research suggestions.